PART I Fundamental Principles   ARTICLE 1  

[2] The Angolan people shall exercise political power through periodic universal suffrage to choose their representatives, by means of referendums and other forms of democratic participation in national life.

[3] Special laws shall regulate the process of general elections.

[2] Political parties shall, in their objectives, program and activity, contribute to:

(a) The consolidation of the Angolan nation, national independence and strengthened national unity;

(b) The safeguarding of territorial integrity;

(c) The defense of national sovereignty and democracy;

(d) The protection of fundamental freedoms and the rights of the individual;

(e) The defense of the republican form and unitary and secular nature of the State.

[4] The constitution and functioning of parties shall, in accordance with the law, comply with the following fundamental principles:

(a) National in character and scope;

(b) Free constitution;

(c) Public pursuance of aims;

(d) Freedom of membership and single membership;

(e) Exclusive use of peaceful means in pursuing their aims, prohibiting the creation or use of military, paramilitary or militarized organizations;

(f) Democratic organization and functioning;

(g) Prohibition to receive contributions of monetary or economic value from foreign governments or governmental institutions.
 

[2] Religions shall be respected and the State shall protect churches and places and objects of worship, provided they abide by the laws of the State.

[2] In the use and exploitation of public property, the State shall guarantee efficiency and profitability, in accordance with the proposed aims and objectives.

[3] The State shall encourage the development of private, mixed, cooperative and family enterprises, creating conditions for them to operate, and shall give special support to small and medium-scale economic activity, in accordance with the law.

[4] The State shall protect foreign investment and foreign property, in accordance with the law.

[2] The State shall promote the protection and conservation of natural resources guiding the exploitation and use thereof for the benefit of the community as a whole.

[3] Land, which is by origin the property of the State, may be transferred to individuals or corporate bodies, with a view to rational and full use thereof, in accordance with the law.
[4] The State shall respect and protect people's property, whether individuals or corporate bodies, and the property and ownership of land by peasants, without prejudice to the possibility of expropriation in the public interest, in accordance with the law.

[1] The fiscal system shall aim at meeting the economic, social and administrative needs of the State and ensuring the fair distribution of income and wealth.

[2] Taxes may he created or abolished only by law, which shall determine applicability, rates, tax benefits and guarantees for taxpayers.

[2] All acts aimed at jeopardizing social harmony or creating discrimination or privileges based on those factors shall be severely punishable by law.

[2] The requirements for the attribution, acquisition, loss or re-acquisition of Angolan nationality shall be determined by law.

[2] Constitutional and legal norms related to fundamental rights shall be interpreted and incorporated in keeping with The Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man, the African Charter on the Rights of Man and Peoples and other international instruments to which Angola has adhered.

[3] In the assessment of disputes by Angolan courts, those international instruments shall apply even where not invoked by the parties.

[2] The death penalty shall be prohibited.

[2] The State shall take the requisite measures to protect the environment and national species of flora and fauna throughout the national territory and maintain ecological balance.

[3] Acts that damage or directly or indirectly jeopardize conservation of the environment shall be punishable by law.

[2] All citizens shall be free to leave and enter the national territory, without prejudice to limitations stemming from the fulfillment of legal duties.

[2] The extradition of foreign citizens for political motives or for charges punishable by the death penalty under the laws of the applicant county shall not be permitted.

[3] In accordance with the law, Angolan courts shall know the charges made against citizens whose extradition is not permitted under the foregoing paragraphs of the present Article.

[2] No citizen shall suffer discrimination in respect of employment, education, placement, professional career or social benefits to which he or she is entitled owing to political posts held or to the exercise of political rights.

[3] The law shall establish limitations in respect of the non-party affiliations of soldiers on active service, judges and the police forces, as well as the electoral incapacity of soldiers on active service and police forces.

[2] Men and women shall be equal within the family, enjoying the same rights and having the same duties.

[3] The family, with special collaboration by the State, shall promote and ensure the all-round education of children and young people.

[2] The State shall promote the harmonious development of the personality of children and young people and create conditions for their integration and active participation in the life of society.

[2] The exercise of the rights set out in the foregoing paragraph shall be regulated by law.

[3] Groupings whose aims or activities are contrary to the fundamental principles set out in Article 158 of the Constitutional Law and penal laws, and those that, even indirectly, pursue political objectives through organizations of a military, paramilitary or militarized character, secret organizations and those with racist, fascist or tribalist ideologies shall be prohibited.

[2] All citizens shall have the right to organize and take part in trade union activity, which shall include the right to constitute and freely join trade unions.

[3] Adequate protection for the elected representatives of workers against any form of restriction, constraint or limitation on the performance of their duties shall be established by law.

[2] A specific law shall regulate the exercise of the right to strike and limitations thereto in essential services and activities, in the pressing public interest.

[3] Lockouts shall be prohibited.

[2] The State shall make provision to ensure that justice shall not be denied owing to insufficient economic means.

[3] No one shall be sentenced for an act not considered a crime at the time when it was committed.

[4] The penal law shall apply retroactively only when beneficial to the accused.

[5] The accused shall be presumed to be innocent until a judicial decision is taken by the court.

[2] The right to habeas corpus shall be regulated by law.

[2] Every worker shall have the right to fair pay, rest, holidays, protection, health and security at work, in accordance with the law.

[3] Citizens shall have the right freely to choose and exercise an occupation, apart from requirements established by law.

[2] Private and cooperative enterprise in health, social welfare and social security shall be exercised in accordance with the law.

[2] Private and cooperative enterprise in education shall be practiced in accordance with the law.

[2] On no account shall the declaration of a state of siege or state of emergency affect the right to life, personal integrity, personal identity, civil capacity, citizenship, the non-retroactive nature of penal law, the right of the accused to defense or freedom of conscience and religion.

[3] A state of siege and state of emergency shall be regulated by a specific law.

[2] The formation, composition, powers and functioning of the sovereign bodies shall be set out in the present Law.

(a) Members of representative bodies shall be elected in accordance with the appropriate Electoral Law;

(b) State bodies shall be subject to the law, which they shall obey;

(c) The functions of sovereign bodies shall be separate and interdependent;

(d) There shall be local autonomy;

(e) There shall be administrative decentralization and devolution, without prejudice to governmental and administrative unity of action;

(f) Holders of political posts shall be civilly and criminally answerable for actions and omissions committed in the discharge of their duties;

(g) Decisions of collegial bodies shall be taken in keeping with the principles of free discussion and criticism and acceptance of the will of the majority.

[2] The President of the Republic shall define the country's political policy, ensure the proper functioning of State bodies and guarantee national independence and the country's territorial integrity.

[2] The President of the Republic shall be elected by an absolute majority of valid votes. If no candidate obtains one, there shall be a second vote in which only the two candidates who obtained the greatest number of votes in the first and who have not withdrawn may compete.

[2] Candidacies shall be presented to the President of the Supreme Court no less than sixty days prior to the scheduled election date.

[3] In the event of the definitive incapacity of any presidential candidate, a new candidate may be nominated to substitute the incapacitated candidate, in accordance with the law.

[2] In the event the post of President of the Republic falling vacant, the election of the new President of the Republic shall take place within ninety days of the date of the vacancy.

[2] In the event of an election owing to a vacancy, the swearing in shall take place within fifteen days of the publication of the election results.

[3] At the swearing in ceremony the elected President of the Republic shall take the following oath:

"I swear on my honor to perform with full dedication the duties with which I have been invested, to fulfill and ensure fulfillment of the Constitution of the Republic of Angola, to defend the unity of the nation, the integrity of the national soil, to promote and consolidate peace, democracy and social progress."

[2] Renunciation shall take effect when the National Assembly is acquainted with the message, without prejudice to its subsequent publication in the Diario da Republica.

[2] The President of the National Assembly's office as a member of parliament, and that of the deputy thereof, shall be automatically suspended for the duration of the interim powers of President of the Republic.

[2] Proceedings shall be initiated by the National Assembly, on the proposal of one-fifth and a decision approved by a two-thirds majority of Members present, and the trial shall be conducted by the Supreme Court.

[3] Sentencing shall imply dismissal from the post and impossibility of standing as a candidate for another term of office.

[4] The President of the Republic shall be answerable to the ordinary courts after the end of his term of office for offenses unrelated to the discharge of his duties.

(a) To appoint the Prime Minister, after hearing the political parties represented in the National Assembly;

(b) To appoint and dismiss the other members of the Government and the Governor of the National Bank of Angola, on the proposal of the Prime Minister;

(c) To end the term of office of the Prime Minister and dismiss the Government, after consultation with the Council of the Republic;

(d) To preside over the Council of Ministers;

(e) To decree the dissolution of the National Assembly after consultation with the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly and the Council of the Republic;

(f) To preside over the Council of the Republic;

(g) To appoint and dismiss ambassadors and receive the credentials of foreign diplomatic representatives;

(h) To appoint Supreme Court judges after hearing the High Council of the Judicial Bench;

(i) To appoint and dismiss the Attorney General, the Deputy Attorney General and the Assistants to the Attorney General. on the proposal of the High Council of the Ministry of Justice Bench;

(j) To appoint members of the High Council of the Judicial Bench, in accordance with Article 132 of the Constitutional Law;

(k) To call elections of the President of the Republic and Members of the National Assembly, in accordance with the present Law and the Electoral Law;

(l) To preside over the National Defense Council;

(m) To appoint and dismiss the Chief of General Staff of the Angolan Armed Forces and the deputies thereof, where applicable, and the Chiefs of Staff of the different branches of the Armed Forces;

(n) To appoint generals of the Angolan Armed Forces, after hearing the National Defense Council;

(o) To call referendums, in accordance with Article 73 of the present Law;

(p) To declare war and make peace, after hearing the Government and following authorization by the National Assembly;

(q) To issue pardons and commute sentences;

(r) To declare a state of siege or state of emergency, in accordance with the law;

(s) To sign and promulgate laws approved by the National Assembly and executive laws approved by the Government;

(t) To address messages to the National Assembly and convene it in special session;

(u) To make statement on serious emergencies in national life and, in this event, to the measures provided for in the following article of the present Law;

(v) To award decorations, in accordance with the law;

(w) To ratify international treaties, when duly approved, and sign the instruments of approval of other treaties in simplified form;

(x) To request of the Constitutional Court prior assessment or declaration of the unconstitutional nature of judicial rules and verify whether they are unconstitutional by omission.

[2] The President of the Republic shall inform the nation of all these factors through a message.

[3] For the duration of the special powers, the Constitution shall not be amended and the National Assembly shall not be dissolved.

(a) Convene the Council of Ministers and set its agenda, after hearing the Prime Minister;

(b) Direct and guide meetings and sessions of the Council of Ministers.

[2] Within this period, the President of the Republic may request the National Assembly to consider the law or any of its provisions.

[3] If after reconsideration a two-thirds majority of the Members of the National Assembly are in favor of approving the law, the President of Republic shall promulgate the law within fifteen days of receiving it.

[2] The holding of constitutional referendums shall be prohibited.

[3] The President of the Republic shall promulgate draft laws and ratify international treaties approved by referendum within fifteen days.
 

(a) State its views on the dissolution of the National Assembly;

(b) State its views on the resignation of the Government;

(c) State its views on the declaration of war and making of peace;

(d) State its views on acts of the interim President of the Republic in respect of the appointment of the Prime Minister, the resignation of the Government, the appointment and dismissal of the Attorney General, the Chief of General Staff of the Angolan Armed Forces and the deputies thereof, and the Chiefs of Staff of the different branches of the Armed Forces;

(e) Advise the President of the Republic in the exercise of his powers when so requested by the President of the Republic;

(f) Approve the regulations of Council of the Republic.

(a) The President of the National Assembly;

(b) The Prime Minister;

(c) The President of the Constitutional Court;

(d) The Attorney General;

(e) Former President of the Republic;

(f) The Presidents of Political Parties represented in the National Assembly;

(g) Ten citizens appointed by the President of the Republic.

[2] The members of the Council of the Republic shall enjoy the privileges and immunities of Members of the National Assembly.
 

[2] The National Assembly shall be regulated by the provisions of the present Law and by Regulations approved by itself.
 

[2] Members of the National Assembly shall be elected through the system of proportional representation, based on the following criteria:

(a) Each province shall by right be represented in the National Assembly by five Members, and each province shall for this purpose Constitute an electoral college;

(b) The remaining one hundred and thirty Members shall be elected at national level, and the country shall for this purpose be considered a single electoral college;

(c) For Angolan communities abroad, there shall be constituted a single electoral college of three Members, two in the Africa region and one in the rest of the world.

(a) A ministerial post;

(b) Paid employment by foreign companies or international organizations;

(c) Being president and member of the administrative board of a limited company, a shareholding manager of a company, director general or deputy director general of a public enterprise;

(a) Judicial or Ministry of Justice judges;

(b) Members of military or militarized forces on active service.

[2] Members shall not be held responsible for views they express in the discharge of their duties.
 

(a) The incapacitates or incompatibilities provided for by law;

(b) Not taking his or her seat in the National Assembly or exceeding the number of absences stipulated in the Regulations;

(c) Joining a party other than the one from whose list or she was elected.

(a) For holding a public post incompatible with the office of a Member under the present Law;

(b) Owing to an illness of more than forty-five days duration.

[3] In the event of a vacancy caused by a Member elected by a coalition, the seat shall be given to the next unelected candidate proposed by the political party to which the substituted Member belonged.

[4] If the list to which the holder of the vacant seat belonged has no unelected candidates, the seat shall not be filled.
 

(a) Amend the current Constitutional Law and approve the Constitution of the Republic of Angola;

(b) Approve laws on all matters, except those reserved by the Constitutional Law for the Government;

(c) Confer legislative authorizations on the Government;

(d) Approve, on the proposal of the Government, the National Plan and the General State Budget;

(e) Approve, on the proposal of the Government, the reports on the execution of the National Plan and the General State Budget;

(f) Authorize the Government to contract and grant loans and perform other credit operations not involving a floating debt, setting out the general terms thereof and establishing the maximum limits of suretyships to be granted annually by the Government;

(g) Establish and alter the political and administrative division of the country;

(h) Grant amnesties and general pardons;

(i) Authorize the President of the Republic to declare a state of siege or state of emergency, setting our the extension, suspension of constitutional guarantees and monitor the implementation thereof;

(j) Authorize the President of the Republic to declare war and make peace;

(k) Approve international treaties on matters within its absolute legislative powers, as well as treaties on peace, Angola's participation in international organizations, the rectification of borders, friendship, defense, military matters and any others submitted to it by the Government;

(l) Ratify decrees;

(m) Promote proceedings against the President of the Republic for the crimes of bribery or treason;

(n) Vote motions of confidence or no confidence in the Government;

(o) Draft and approve the Regulations of the National Assembly;

(p) Elect the President and Vice-Presidents of the National Assembly and other members of the Standing Commission by an absolute majority of Members present;

(q) Constitute the Working Commissions of the National Assembly in accordance with the representativity of parties in the Assembly;

(r) Perform other duties assigned to it by the Constitution and the law.

(a) Acquisition, loss and re-acquisition of nationality;

(b) Rights, freedoms and basic guarantees of citizens;

(c) Elections and the status of office holders in sovereign bodies, local government and other constitutional bodies;

(d) Ways and means of organizing and running local government bodies;

(e) System of referendum;

(f) Organization, functioning and proceedings of the Constitutional Court;

(g) Organization of national defense and general basis of organization, functioning and discipline of the Angolan Armed Forces;

(h) System of state of siege and state of emergency;

(i) Associations and political parties;

(j) Judicial organization and status of judicial and Ministry of Justice judges;

(k) Monetary system and system of weights and measures;

(1) Definition of limits of territorial waters, exclusive economic area and Angola's rights to contiguous sea beds;

(m) Definition of sectors reserved for the State in respect of the economy, and the basis for granting concessions for the exploitation of natural resources and alienation d State property;

(n) Definition and system of national symbols;

(a) Status and capacity of individuals;

(b) General organization of the public administration;

(c) Status of functionaries and civil responsibility in the public administration;

(d) General system of requisition and expropriation in the public interest;

(e) Ways and means of intervention and nationalization of means of production and establishment of criteria for setting compensation, as well as re-privatization of title or exploration rights of State property, in accordance with the basic legislation referred to in (m) of the foregoing article;

(f) Definition of the taxation system and creation of taxes;

(g) General basis of the education system, national health service and social security;

(h) Basis of the system of protecting nature, ecological balance and the cultural heritage;

(i) General system of rural and urban leasing;

(j) System of land ownership and establishment of criteria for fixing the maximum limits of private agricultural units;

(k) Participation of traditional authorities and citizens in local government;

(1) Status of public enterprises;

(m) Definition of the system of public property;

(n) Definition of crimes, penalties and security measures, and of criminal proceedings.

[2] The authorization referred to in the foregoing paragraph shall be forfeited on the signal of the Government that granted it, the end of the legislature or the dissolution of the National Assembly.
 

[2] Acts provided for in Article 88 (a) shall take the form of a law on constitutional amendment or amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Angola.

[3] Acts provided for in Article 89 (c), (d), (e), (f), 4. (g), (h) and (i) shall take the form of organic laws.

[4] Other acts provided for in Articles 89 and 90 and those provided for in Article 88 (d), (f) (g) and (h) shall take the form of laws.

[5] Acts provided for in Article 88 (n) shall take the form of motions.

[6] Other acts of the National Assembly, namely those provided for in Article 88 (c), (e), (i), (j), (k) (1), (m), (o) (p) and (q) and acts of the Standing Commission, shall take the form of resolutions.
 

[2] Members and parliamentary groups shall not in the course of the economic year present draft laws that involve an increase in the expenditure or decrease in the State revenue established in the Budget.

[3] Draft laws that are definitively rejected shall not be assessed in the same legislative session unless there is a new election of the National Assembly.

[4] Draft laws presented by the Government shall be forfeited on its resignation.

[2] Following the consideration request and in the event that amendment proposals are made, the Assembly may wholly or partly suspend the executive law until the publication of the law that amends or even rejects all those proposals.

[3] When ratification is refused, the executive law shall cease to be in force on the day when the resolution is published in the Díario da República and shall not be re-published in the course of that legislative session.

[4] Executive laws that are not subject to a request for consideration by the National Assembly within the period and in accordance with the proceedings set out in this article shall be deemed to have been ratified.
 

[2] Failure to observe provisions of the foregoing paragraph shall render the dissolution decree legally null and void.

[3] When the National Assembly is dissolved, the term of office of Members and the functions of the Standing Commission shall continue until the first meeting of the Assembly following subsequent elections.
 

[2] Each legislative session shall last one year and shall start on 15 October.

[3] The normal period in which the National Assembly shall function shall be eight months and shall start on 15 October, without prejudice to intervals provided for in the Regulations of the National Assembly and suspensions determined by a two-thirds majority of Members present.

[4] The National Assembly shall meet in ordinary session when convened by its President.

[5] The National Assembly may meet in special session whenever necessary on the decision of a plenary meeting or on the initiative of the Standing Commission or of more than half of its Members.

[6] The National Assembly may meet in special session outside its normal session on the decision of a plenary meeting, on the initiative of the Standing Commission or more than half of its Members or when convened by the President of the Republic
 

[2] Decisions of the National Assembly shall be taken by a simple majority of Members present, except where the present law sets out other rules of decision.
 

[2] The Internal Regulations of the National Assembly shall set out the priority of items to be put on the day's agenda.

[3] Messages from the President of the Republic to the National Assembly shall have absolute priority over all other matters.

[4] The Government may request priority for matters the urgent solution of which is in the national interest.
 

[2] The Prime Minister and members of the Government shall appear before the Assembly plenum at meetings the regularity of which shall be set out in the Regulations of the National Assembly to reply to Members' questions and requests for clarification, made verbally or in writing.

[3] The Prime Minister and members of the Government shall attend a plenary meeting of the National Assembly whenever there is a debate on motions of censure or no confidence in the Government and approval of the National Plan and General State Budget and the reports on the execution thereof.

[4] The working commissions of the National Assembly may request the participation of members of the Government in their proceedings.
 

[2] The composition of the commissions shall reflect the representation of parties in the National Assembly and their presidency shall be shared by the parliamentary groups in proportion to the number of their Members.

[3] The commissions shall examine petitions addressed to the National Assembly and may request the testimony of any citizen.
 

[2] A commission of inquiry shall be requested by any Member and, on a mandatory basis, comprise one-fifth of Members present, and shall be limited to one per Member per legislative session.

[3] Parliamentary commissions of inquiry shall have the investigating powers of judicial bodies.
 

[2] The Standing Commission shall be composed as follows:

(a) The President of the National Assembly, who shall preside over it, appointed by the party or coalition of parties that obtains a majority in the elections;

(b) Two vice-presidents appointed by political parties or coalitions of parties in proportion to the number of seats they have in the National Assembly;

(c) Twelve Members appointed by parties and coalitions of parties in proportion to the number of seats they have in the National Assembly.

(a) Accompany the work of the Government and administration;

(b) Convene the National Assembly in special session;

(c) Discharge the Assembly's duties in respect of the office of Members;

(d) Authorize the President of the Republic to declare a state of siege or state of emergency;

(e) Exceptionally authorize the President of the Republic to declare war and make peace, when the National Assembly is not in normal session and in the event of the pressing urgency to convene a special meeting;

(f) Prepare the opening of the legislative session.

[2] Without prejudice to the right of Members provided for in the present Law, parliamentary groups shall be entitled to do the following:

(a) Participate in the Assembly's working commissions in accordance with their respective members, nominating their representatives thereto;

(b) State their views on the establishment of the agenda;

(c) Propose through a formal demand to the Government for explanations, the opening of two debates in each legislative session on matters of general or sectorial policy;

(d) Request the Standing Commission to move the convening of the Assembly;

(e) Propose legislation;

(f) Table motions of censure of the Government;

(g) Be informed by the Government. regularly and directly, of progress in respect of the principal matters of public interest;

(h) Request the constitution of parliamentary commissions of inquiry.

[4] Each parliamentary group shall have the right to office space in the seat of the National Assembly, as well as expert and administrative staff of its choice, in accordance with the law.
 

[2] The Government shall be politically responsible to the President of the Republic and the National Assembly, in accordance with the present Law.
 

[2] The numbers and designations of Ministers, Secretaries of State and Deputy Ministers shall be determined by the decrees nominating the respective office holders.

[3] The powers of Ministries and State Secretariats shall be determined by an executive law.
 

[2] The incompatibilities set out in Article 82 (b) and (c) shall apply to the offices set out in the foregoing paragraph.
 

[2] The Council of Ministers shall meet at intervals established by law.

[3] Deputy Ministers may be summoned to attend meetings of the Council of Ministers.

[4] The Council of Ministers may constitute specialized commissions to prepare papers on specific makers to be considered by the Council of Ministers.
 

(a) Attest to acts of the President of the Republic, in accordance with the provisions of Article 70;

(b) Set out the general lines of Government policy and the implementation thereof;

(c) Negotiate and conclude international treaties and approve treaties that do not fall within the sole competence of the National Assembly or have not been submitted thereto;

(d) Present draft laws on the National Assembly;

(e) Deliberate on motions of confidence presented to parliament;

(f) State its views on the declaration of a state of siege or state of emergency;

(g) Propose to the President of the Republic the declaration of war or the making of peace;

(h) Perform other duties assigned to it by the Constitution or the law.

(a) Establish by an executive law the composition, organization and functioning of the Government;

(b) Draft and pass executive laws on legislative matters related to the National Assembly, in accordance with the appropriate legislative authorization;

[3] The executive laws provided for in (b) shall specifically cite the legal document conferring legislative authorization.
 

(a) Draft and promote implementation of the country's economic and social development plan;

(b) Draft, approve and direct the execution of the State Budget;

(c) Approve acts of the Government involving increased or decreased public revenue or expenditure;

(d) Draft regulations needed for the proper application of laws;

(e) Direct the services and activity of the State administration, superintend indirect administration and oversee autonomous local administration and other autonomous institutions:

(f) Carry out action and take all necessary measures to promote economic and social development and satisfy collective needs.

[2] The Prime Minister shall, in particular:

(a) Coordinate and guide the activity of all Ministries and State Secretariats;

(b) Represent the Government in the National Assembly and domestically and abroad;

(c) Direct the functioning of the Government and its general relations with other State bodies:

(d) Substitute the President of the Republic in presiding over the Council of Ministers, in accordance with Article 68 (2);

(e) Sign executive laws of the Council of Ministers and send them for promulgation by the President of the Republic;

(f) Sign executive laws of the Council of Ministers and send them for subsequent signature by the President of the Republic;

(g) Sign resolutions of the Council of Ministers;

(h) Discharge other duties assigned to him by the Constitution and the law.

[2] Members of the Government shall be bound by the Government program and other decisions taken in the Council of Ministries.
 

[2] The Government may be subject to votes of censure by the National Assembly on the implementation of its program or other fundamental issues of Government policy, on the proposal of a parliamentary group or one quarter of Members present.

[3] A vote of censure of the Government shall be passed by an absolute majority of members present.

[4] If the vote of censure is not passed, its signatories shall not table another during the same legislative session.

[5] The Government may ask the National Assembly for a vote of confidence that shall be passed by a majority of Members present.
 

[2] The Prime Minister shall represent the Government in the National Assembly and shall ensure the Government's political responsibility to the National Assembly.
 

(a) The end of the legislature;

(b) The election of a new President of the Republic;

(c) The resignation of the Prime Minister;

(d) The acceptance by the President of the Republic of the Prime Minister's resignation;

(e) The death or lasting disability of the Prime Minister;

(f) A vote of censure against the Government;

(g) Failure to pass a vote of confidence in the Government.

[2] The Supreme Court and other courts instituted by law shall discharge jurisdictional duties.

[3] In the discharge of their jurisdictional duties, the courts shall be independent and subject only to the law, and they shall be entitled to the assistance of other authorities.
 

[2] It shall be mandatory for all citizens and other legal entities to comply with decisions of the courts and these shall prevail over those of other authorities.
 

(a) Municipal courts:

(b) Provincial courts; and

(c) The Supreme Court.

[3] Military, administrative, auditing, fiscal, maritime and arbitration courts may be constituted in accordance with the law.

[2] Trial court judges may not be arrested without being charged unless caught in flagrante delicto committing a felony punishable by imprisonment.
 

(a) Consider the professional ability of and take disciplinary action in respect of judges:

(b) Propose the appointment of judges to the Supreme Court in accordance with the present Law;

(c) Order investigations, inspections and inquires into the legal services and propose the measures needed to ensure the efficiency and improvement thereof;

(d) Appoint, place, transfer and promote judges, without prejudice to the provisions of the present Law.

(a) Three lawyers nominated by the President of the Republic, at least one of whom shall be a judicial judge;

(b) Five lawyers nominated by the National Assembly;

(c) Ten judges elected by judicial judges from among their own numbers,

(a) Prevent unconstitutionality, in accordance with the provisions of Article 154;

(b) Consider whether laws, executive laws, ratified international treaties and any rules are unconstitutional, in accordance with the provisions of Article 155;

(c) Verify and consider non-compliance with the Constitutional Law owing to failure to take the requisite measures to make constitutional rules executable;

(d) Consider appeals in respect of the constitutional nature of all decisions of other courts that refuse to apply any rule on the grounds that it is unconstitutional;

(e) Consider appeals in respect of the constitutional nature of all decisions of other courts that apply a rule the constitutional nature of which has been evoked during the trial.

(a) Three judges nominated by the President of the Republic, including the President of the Court;

(b) Three judges elected by the National Assembly by a two-thirds majority of Members present;

(c) One judge elected by a full session of the Supreme Court.