TITLE
OF ACT
Section 1. Title of Act. — This Act shall be known as the National
Internal Revenue Code.
TITLE I
Organization of Bureau
Section 2. Chief officials of Bureau of Internal
Revenue. — The Bureau of Internal Revenue shall have one chief and one
assistant chief to be known, respectively, as the Collector of Internal
Revenue and the Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 3. Powers and duties of Bureau. — The powers
and duties of the Bureau of Internal Revenue shall comprehend the
collection of all national internal-revenue taxes, fees, and charges,
and the enforcement of all forfeitures, penalties, and fines connected
therewith. Said Bureau shall also give effect to and administer the
supervisory and police power conferred to it by this Code or other laws.
Section 4. Specific provisions to be contained in
regulations. — The regulations of the Bureau of Internal Revenue shall,
among other things, contain provisions specifying, prescribing, or
defining:
(a) The time and manner in which provincial
treasurers shall canvass their provinces for the purpose of discovering
persons and property liable to national internal revenue taxes, and the
manner in which their lists and records of taxable persons and taxable
objects shall be made and kept.
(b) The forms of labels, brands, or marks to be
required on goods subject to a specific tax, and the manner in which
the labeling, branding, or marking shall be effected.
(c) The conditions under which and the manner in
which goods intended for export, which if not exported, would be
subject to a specific tax, shall be labelled, branded, or marked.
(d) The conditions to be observed by revenue
officers, provincial fiscals, and other officials respecting the
institution and conduct of legal actions and proceedings.
(e) The manner in which persons authorized to have
and keep prohibited drugs shall keep their records relating to the same.
(f) The conditions under which opium may be imported,
the manner of its storage and removal for use, as well as the manner in
which the same shall be marked or labelled prior to removal.
(g) The conditions under which prohibited drugs may
be transferred from the possession of persons authorized to have and
keep the same to the possession of other persons similarly authorized.
(h) The conditions under which goods intended for
storage in bonded warehouses shall be conveyed thither, their manner of
storage, and the method of keeping the entries and records in
connection therewith, also the books to be kept by storekeepers, and
the reports to be made by them in connection with their supervision of
such houses.
(i) The conditions under which alcohol intended for
use in the arts and industries may be removed and dealt in, the
character and quantity of the denaturing material to be used, the
manner in which the process of denaturing shall be effected, the bonds
to be given, the books and records to be kept, the entries to be made
therein, the reports to be made to the Collector of Internal Revenue,
and the signs to be displayed in the business or by the person for whom
such denaturing is done or by whom such alcohol is dealt in.
(j) The manner in which revenue shall be collected
and paid, the instrument, document, or object to which revenue stamps
shall be affixed, the mode of cancellation of the same, manner in which
the proper books, records, invoices, and other papers shall be kept and
entries therein made by the person subject to the tax, as well as the
manner in which licenses and stamps shall be gathered up and returned
after serving their purposes.
(k) The conditions to be observed by revenue
officers, provincial fiscals, and other officials respecting the
enforcement of Title III imposing a tax on estate, inheritances,
legacies, and other acquisitions mortis causa as well as on gifts and
such other rules and prohibition which the Collector of Internal
Revenue may consider suitable for the enforcement of the said Title III.
(l) The manner in which income tax returns,
information, and reports shall be prepared and reported and the tax
collected and paid, as well as the conditions under which evidence of
payment shall be furnished the taxpayer, and the preparation and
publication of income tax statistics.
Section 5. Forms, certificates, and appliances
supplied by the Collector or Internal Revenue. — It shall be the duty
of the Collector of Internal Revenue, among other things, to prescribe,
provide, and distribute to the proper officials the requisite licenses,
internal-revenue stamps, and labels or tags used in sealing weights and
measures, and all other forms, certificates, bonds, records, invoice
books, instruments, appliances, and apparatus used in administering the
laws falling within the jurisdiction of the Bureau.
Section 6. Agents and deputies for collection of
National internal revenue. — For the collection of the national
internal revenue on imported articles the Insular Collector of Customs
and his subordinates are constituted agents of the Collector of
Internal Revenue; and the provincial and City treasurers, and their
deputies shall be his deputies for the collection of other national
internal revenue and the enforcement of all laws falling within the
jurisdiction of the Bureau.
Section 7. Expenses of collection to be borne by
provinces and cities. — The expenses incurred by the provincial, city,
and municipal authorities in collecting national internal revenue and
in enforcing the laws falling within the jurisdiction of the Bureau of
Internal Revenue, including expenses incurred in appearing in the
courts in internal-revenue cases, shall be borne by the respective
provinces and cities.
Section 8. Internal-revenue inspection districts. —
With the approval of the Department Head, the Collector of Internal
Revenue shall divide the Philippines into such number of inspection
districts as may from time to time be required for administrative
purposes. Each of these districts shall be under the supervision of a
provincial revenue agent.
Section 9. Duties of provincial revenue agents and
other internal-revenue officers. — It shall be the duty of every
provincial revenue agent or other internal-revenue officers to see that
all laws and regulations affecting national internal revenues are
faithfully executed and complied with, and to aid in the prevention,
detection, and punishment of any frauds or delinquencies in connection
therewith.
It shall also be the duty of every provincial revenue agent to examine
into the efficiency of all officers and employees of the Bureau of
Internal Revenue under his supervision, and to report in writing to the
Collector of Internal Revenue any neglect of duty, incompetency,
delinquency, or malfeasance in office of any internal-revenue officer
of which he may obtain knowledge, with a statement of all the facts in
each case and any evidence sustaining the same. He may, by notice in
writing, suspend from duty any storekeeper or secret service agent, and
in such case he shall immediately notify the Collector of Internal
Revenue and within three days thereafter report his action and his
reasons therefor in writing to said Collector
Should a provincial revenue agent or any officer under his supervision
discover any neglect, incompetency, delinquency, or malfeasance of any
provincial or city treasurer in the performance of his duty under
section six hereof, he shall immediately report the facts to the
Collector of Internal Revenue in writing.
Section 10. Authority of agent's assistant or
examiner. — An agent's assistant or examiner in any district may, in
the name of the provincial revenue agent in charge of such district and
under the control of such officer as his immediate superior, exercise
any power or perform any act which might be exercised or performed by
such provincial revenue agent himself.
Section 11. Assignment of storekeepers or secret
service agents. The Collector of Internal Revenue shall employ and
assign internal-revenue storekeepers or secret service agents to
establishments or places where articles subject to specific tax are
produced or kept.
Section 12. Assignment of internal-revenue
agents and other employees to other duties. — The Collector of Internal
Revenue may, with the approval of the Secretary of Finance, assign
internal-revenue agents and other officers and employees of the Bureau
of Internal Revenue without change in their official character or
salary to such special duties connected with the administration of the
revenue laws as the best interests of the service may require.
Section 13. Reports of violations of law. — When
an internal-revenue officer discovers evidence of a violation of this
Code or of any law or regulation administered by the Bureau of Internal
Revenue, of such character as to warrant the institution of criminal
proceedings, he shall immediately report the facts to the Collector of
Internal Revenue, through his immediate superior, giving the name and
address of the offender and the names of the witnesses, if possible:
Provided, That in urgent cases the provincial revenue agent, provincial
treasurer, or city treasurer, as the case may be, may send the report
direct to the corresponding prosecuting officer. In the latter case, a
copy of his report shall be sent to the Collector of Internal Revenue.
It shall be the duty of any officer or employees of the Bureau of
Internal Revenue to report to the Bureau of Forestry any violations of
the Forest Law within his knowledge. A duplicate of each such report
shall be furnished the Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 14. Authority of internal-revenue
officers to make arrests and seizures. — The Collector of Internal
Revenue, the Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, internal revenue
agents, agent's assistants and examiners, and provincial or city
treasurers and their deputies shall have authority to make arrests and
seizures for the violation of any penal law or regulation administered
by the Bureau of Internal Revenue. Any person so arrested shall be
forthwith carried before a magistrate, there to be dealt with according
to law.
Section 15. Power of Collector of Internal
Revenue to make assessments. — When a report required by law as a basis
for the assessment of any national internal-revenue law shall not be
forthcoming within the time fixed by law or regulation, or when there
is reason to believe that any such report is false, incomplete, or
erroneous, the Collector of Internal Revenue shall assess the proper
tax on the best evidence obtainable.
When it shall come to the knowledge of the Collector of Internal
Revenue that a taxpayer is retiring from the business subject to
taxation or intends to leave the Philippines, or remove his property
therefrom, or hide or conceal his property, or perform any act tending
to obstruct the proceedings for collecting the tax for the past or
current quarter or year, or render the same totally or partly
inefficient, unless such proceedings are begun immediately, the
Collector of Internal Revenue shall declare the tax period of such
taxpayer terminated at any time and shall send the taxpayer a notice of
such decision, together with a request for the immediate payment of the
tax for the tax period so declared terminated and the tax for the
preceding year or quarter, or such portion thereof as may be unpaid,
and said taxes shall be due and payable immediately and shall be
subject to all the penalties hereafter prescribed, unless paid within
the time fixed in the request of the Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 16. Authority of officers to administer
oaths and take testimony. — The Collector of Internal Revenue, the
Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, special deputies of the
Collector, internal-revenue agents, agent's assistants and examiners,
provincial, or city treasurers and their deputies, and any other
employees of the Bureau thereunto specially deputized by the Collector
shall have power to administer oaths and to take testimony in any
official matter or investigation conducted by them touching any matter
within the jurisdiction of the Bureau.
Section 17. Contents of Collector's annual
report. — The annual report of the Collector of Internal Revenue shall
contain a detailed statement of the collections and disbursements of
the Bureau with specifications of the sources of revenue and classes of
disbursements.
Section 18. Sources of revenue. — The following
taxes, fees, and charges are deemed to be national internal-revenue
taxes:
(a) Income tax;
(b) Estate, inheritance and gift taxes;
(c) Specific taxes on certain articles;
(d) Privilege taxes on business or occupation;
(e) Documentary stamp taxes;
(f) Mining taxes;
(g) Miscellaneous taxes; fees and charges, namely,
taxes on banks, and insurance companies, franchise taxes, taxes on
amusements, charges on forest products, fees for sealing weights and
measures, firearms license fees, radio registration fees, tobacco
inspection fees, and water rentals.
TITLE II
Income Tax
Section 19. Classification of provisions. — The
provisions of this Title are herein classified and designated as —
Chapter I. Introductory provision.
Chapter II. Tax on individuals.
Chapter III. Tax on corporations.
Chapter IV Computation of net income.
Chapter V Accounting periods and methods of
accounting.
Chapter VI Returns and payment of tax.
Chapter VII Estates and trusts.
Chapter VIII Personal holding companies.
Chapter IX Administrative provisions.
Chapter X Definitions.
CHAPTER I
Introductory Provision
Section 20. Application of Title. — The
provisions of this Title shall apply only to income received from
January first, nineteen hundred and thirty-nine.
CHAPTER II
Tax on Individuals
Section 21. Rates of tax on citizens or
residents. — There shall be levied, assessed, collected, and paid
annually upon the entire net income received in the preceding taxable
year of the Philippines, a tax equal to the sum of the following:
One per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net income
does not exceed two thousand pesos;
Two per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net income
exceeds two thousand pesos and does not exceed four thousand pesos;
Three per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds four thousand pesos and does not exceed six thousand
pesos;
Four per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds six thousand pesos and does not exceed ten thousand
pesos;
Five per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds ten thousand pesos and does not exceed twenty thousand
pesos;
Six per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net income
exceeds twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Seven per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds thirty thousand pesos and does not exceed forty thousand
pesos;
Eight per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds forty thousand pesos and does not exceed fifty thousand
pesos;
Nine per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed sixty thousand
pesos;
Ten per centum per annum upon the amount by which total net income
exceeds sixty thousand pesos and does not exceed seventy thousand pesos;
Eleven per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds seventy thousand pesos and does not exceed eighty
thousand pesos;
Twelve per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds eighty thousand pesos and does not exceed ninety
thousand pesos;
Thirteen per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred
thousand pesos;
Fourteen per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed one
hundred and twenty thousand pesos;
Fifteen per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not
exceed one hundred and forty thousand pesos;
Seventeen per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one hundred and forty thousand pesos and does not exceed
one hundred and sixty thousand pesos;
Nineteen per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one hundred and sixty thousand pesos and does not exceed
one hundred and eighty thousand pesos;
Twenty-one per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one hundred and eighty thousand pesos and does not
exceed two hundred thousand pesos;
Twenty-three per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds two hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed two
hundred and twenty-five thousand pesos;
Twenty-five per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds two hundred and twenty-five thousand pesos and does
not exceed two hundred and seventy-five thousand pesos;
Twenty-nine per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds two hundred and seventy-five thousand pesos and does
not exceed three hundred thousand pesos;
Thirty-one per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds three hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Thirty-three per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds three hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not
exceed four hundred thousand pesos;
Thirty-five per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds four hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed four
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Thirty-seven per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds four hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not
exceed five hundred thousand pesos;
Thirty-nine per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed six
hundred thousand pesos;
Forty-one per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds seven hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed eight
hundred thousand pesos;
Forty-two per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds eight hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed one
million pesos;
Forty-three per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total
net income exceeds one million pesos and does not exceed one million
and five hundred thousand pesos;
Forty-four per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds one million and five hundred thousand pesos and does not
exceed two million pesos;
Forty-five per centum per annum upon the amount by which such total net
income exceeds two million pesos.
Section 22. Tax on non-resident alien
individuals. —
(a) Non-resident alien engaged in trade or business
within the Philippines or having an office or place of business
therein. — There shall be levied, assessed, collected, and paid for
each taxable year upon the entire net income received from all sources
within the Philippines by every non-resident alien individual engaged
in trade or business within the Philippines or having an office or
place of business therein the tax imposed by section 21.
(b) Non-resident alien not engaged in trade or
business within the Philippines or not having an office or place of
business therein. — There shall be levied, assessed, collected, and
paid for each taxable year upon the entire net income received from all
sources within the Philippines by every non-resident alien individual
not engaged in trade or business within the Philippines or not having
an office or place of business therein a tax equal to eight per centum
thereof: Provided, That if the total net income of such non-resident
alien individual from all sources within the Philippines exceeds eighty
thousand pesos, the rates established in section 21 shall apply: And
provided, further, That in case such non-resident alien individual
files with the Collector of Internal Revenue a true and accurate return
of his income from all sources within the Philippines on or before the
date fixed under this Title for the filing of returns, he shall be
entitled to have the tax thereon computed at the rates provided for in
section 21, regardless of the amount of income declared in such return.
Section 23. Amount of personal exemptions
allowable to individuals. — For the purpose of the tax provided for in
this Title, there shall be allowed the following personal exemptions:
(a) Personal exception of single individuals. — The
sum of one thousand pesos, if the person making the return is a single
person or a married person legally separated from his or her spouse.
(b) Personal exemption of married persons or heads of
family. — The sum of two thousand five hundred pesos, if the person
making the return is a married man with a wife not legally separated
from him, or a married woman with a husband not legally separated from
her, or the head of a family: Provided, That only one exemption of two
thousand five hundred pesos shall be made from the aggregate income of
both husband and wife when not legally separated. For the purpose of
this section, the term "head of a family" includes an unmarried man or
woman with one or both parents, or one or more brothers or sisters, or
one or more legitimate, recognized natural, or adopted children
dependent upon him or her for their chief support where such brothers,
sisters, or children are less than twenty-one years of age.
(c) Additional exemption for dependents — The sum of
five hundred pesos for each legitimate, recognized natural, or adopted
child wholly dependent upon the taxpayer, if such dependents are under
twenty-one years of age, or incapable of self-support because mentally
or physically detective. The additional exemption under this subsection
shall be allowed only if the person making the return is the head of a
family.
(d) Change of status. — If the status of the taxpayer
insofar as it affects the personal and additional exemptions for
himself or his dependents, changes during the taxable year, the amount
of the personal and additional exemptions shall be apportioned, under
rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance, in
accordance with the number of months before and after such change. For
the purpose of such apportionment a fractional part of a month shall be
disregarded unless it amounts to more than half a month, in which case
it shall be considered as a month.
(e) Personal exemptions allowable to a non-resident
alien individual — A non-resident alien individual shall be entitled to
personal exemptions in an amount equal to the exemptions allowed by the
income tax law in the country of which he is a subject or citizen to
citizens of the Philippines not residing in such country, but not to
exceed the amount fixed in this section as exemption for citizens or
residents of the Philippines: Provided, That said non-resident alien
file a true and accurate return of the total income received by him
from all sources in the Philippines, as required by this Title.
CHAPTER III
Tax on Corporations
Section 24. Rate of tax on corporations. — There
shall be levied, assessed, collected, and paid annually upon the total
net income received in the preceding taxable year from all sources by
every corporation organized in, or existing under the laws of, the
Philippines, no matter how created or organized, but not including duly
registered general co-partnerships (companias colectivas), a tax of
eight per centum upon such income; and a like tax shall be levied,
assessed, collected, and paid annually upon the total net income
received in the preceding taxable year from all sources within the
Philippines by every corporation organized, authorized, or existing
under the laws of any foreign country: Provided, however, That in the
case of dividends received by a corporation liable to tax under this
Chapter, only twenty-five per centum thereof shall be returnable for
purposes of the tax imposed by this section.
Section 25. Additional tax on corporations
improperly accumulating profits or surplus. — (a) Imposition of tax. —
If any corporation, except banks, insurance companies, or personal
holding companies, whether domestic or foreign, is formed or availed of
for the purpose of preventing the imposition of the tax upon its
shareholders or members or the shareholders or members of another
corporation, through the medium of permitting its gains and profits to
accumulate instead of being divided or distributed, there is levied and
assessed against such corporation, for each taxable year, a tax equal
to twenty-five per centum of the undistributed portion of its
accumulated profits or surplus which shall be in a addition to the tax
imposed by section 24, and shall be computed, collected and paid in the
same manner and subject to the same provisions of law, including
penalties, as that tax.
(b) Prima facie evidence. — The fact that any
corporation is a mere holding company shall be prima facie evidence of
a purpose to avoid the tax upon its shareholders or members. Similar
presumption will lie in the case of an investment company where at any
time during the taxable year more than fifty per centum in value of its
outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly by one person.
(c) Evidence determinative of purpose. — The fact
that the earnings or profits of a corporation are permitted to
accumulate beyond the reasonable needs of the business shall be
determinative of the purpose to avoid the tax upon its shareholders or
members unless the corporation, by the clear preponderance of evidence,
shall prove to the contrary.
Section 26. Tax liability of members of duly
registered general co-partnerships. — Persons carrying on business in
general co-partnership (compania colectiva) duly registered in the
mercantile registry shall be liable for income tax only in their
individual capacity, and the share of the profits of the registered
general co-partnership (compania colectiva) to which any taxable
partner would be entitled, whether divided or otherwise, shall be
returned for taxation and the tax paid in accordance with the
provisions of this Title.
Section 27. Exemptions from tax on corporations.
— The following organizations shall not be taxed under this Title in
respect to income received by them as such —
(a) Labor, agricultural, or horticultural
organization;
(b) Mutual savings bank not having a capital stock
represented by shares, and cooperative bank without capital stock
organized and operated for mutual purposes and without profit;
(c) Fraternal beneficiary society, order, or
association, operating under the lodge system or for the exclusive
benefit of the members of a fraternity itself operating under the lodge
system and providing for the payment of life, sick, accident, or other
benefits to the members of such society, order, or association, or
their dependents;
(d) Loan and building associations operating as such
in accordance with sections 171 to 190 of the Corporation Law, as
amended;
(e) Cemetery company owned and operated exclusively
for the benefit of its members:
(f) Corporation or association organized and operated
exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, athletic, cultural,
or educational purposes, no part of the net income of which is
distributed to any private stockholder or individual: Provided,
however, That the income of whatever kind and character from any of its
properties, real or personal, except income expressly exempted by this
title, shall be liable to the tax imposed under this Code;
(g) Business league, chamber of commerce, or board of
trade, not organized for profit and no part of the net income of which
inures to the benefit of any private stockholder or individual;
(h) Civic league or organization not organized for
profit but operated exclusively for the promotion of social welfare;
(i) Club organized and operated exclusively for
pleasure, recreation, and other non-profitable purposes, no part of the
net income of which inures to the benefit of any private stockholder or
member;
(j) Farmers' or other mutual typhoon or fire
insurance company, mutual ditch or irrigation company, mutual or
cooperative telephone company, or like organizations of a purely local
character, the income of which consists solely of assessments, dues,
and fees collected from members for the sole purpose of meeting its
expenses;
(k) Farmers; fruit growers, or like association
organized and operated as a sales agent for the purpose of marketing
the products of its members and turning back to them the proceeds of
sales, less the necessary selling expenses, on the basis of the
quantity of produce furnished by them;
(l) Corporation or association organized for the
exclusive purpose of holding title to property, collecting income
therefrom, and turning over the entire amount thereof, less expenses to
an organization which itself is exempt from the tax imposed by this
Title.
CHAPTER IV
Computation of Net Income
Section 28. Meaning of net income. — "Net
income" means the gross income computed under section 29 less the
deductions allowed by section 30.
Section 29. Gross income. — (a) General
Definition. — "Gross income" includes gains, profits, and unicorn
derived from salaries, wages, or compensation for personal service of
whatever kind and in whatever form paid, or from professions,
vocations, trades, business, commerce, sales, or dealings in property,
whether real or personal, growing out of the ownership or use of or
interest in such property; also from interests, rents, dividends,
securities, or the transactions of any business carried on for gain or
profit, or gains, profits, and income derived from any source whatever.
(b) Exclusions from gross income. — The following
items shall not be included in gross income and shall be exempt from
taxation under this Title:
(1) Life insurance. — The proceeds of life insurance
policies paid to beneficiaries upon the death of the insured whether in
a single sum or otherwise, but if such amounts are held by the insurer
under an agreement to pay interest thereon, the interest payments shall
be included in gross income.
(2) Amount received by insured as return of premium.
— The amount received by the insured, as a return of premium or
premiums paid by him under life insurance, endowment, or annuity
contracts, either during the term at the maturity of the term mentioned
in the contract or upon surrender of the contract.
(3) Gifts, bequests, and devises. — The value of
property acquired by gift, bequest, devise, or descent; but the income
from such property shall be included in gross income.
(4) Interest on Government securities. — Interest
upon the obligations of the United States to the extent provided in the
act authorizing the issue thereof; interest upon the obligations of the
Government of the Philippines or any political subdivision thereof, but
in the case of such obligations issued after the approval of this Code,
only to the extent provided in the Act authorizing the issue thereof.
(5) Compensation for injuries or sickness. — Amounts
received, through Accident or Health Insurance or under Workmen's
Compensation Acts, as compensation for personal injuries or sickness,
plus the amount of any damages received whether by suit or agreement on
account of such injuries or sickness.
(6) Income exempt under treaty. — Income of any kind,
to the extent required by any treaty obligation binding upon the
Government of the Philippines.
(7) Miscellaneous items. — (A) Income of foreign
governments received from their investments in the Philippines in
stock, bonds, or other domestic securities, or from interest on their
deposits in banks in the Philippines.
(B) Income derived from any public utility or from
the exercise of any essential governmental function accruing to the
Government of the Philippines or to any political subdivision thereof.
Section 30. Deductions from gross income. — In
computing net income there shall be allowed as deduction —
(a) Expenses —
(1) In General. — All the ordinary and necessary
expenses paid or incurred during the taxable year in carrying on any
trade or business, including a reasonable allowance for salaries or
other. Compensation for personal services actually rendered; traveling
expenses while away from home in the pursuit of a trade or business;
and rentals or other payments required to be made as a condition to the
continued use or possession, for the purposes of the trade or business,
of property to which the taxpayer has not taken or is not taking title
or in which he has no equity.
(2) Expenses allowable to non-resident alien
individuals and foreign corporations. — In the case of a non-resident
alien individual or a foreign corporation, the expenses deductible are
the necessary expenses paid or incurred in carrying on any business or
trade conducted within the Philippines exclusively.
(b) Interest —
(1) In General. — The amount of interest paid within
the taxable year on indebtedness, except on indebtedness incurred or
continued to purchase or carry obligations the interest upon which is
exempt from taxation as income under this Title.
(2) Interest allowable to non-resident aliens. — In
the case of a non-resident alien Individual or a foreign corporation,
the amount of interest allowable is the proportion of the amount of
interest paid within the year on indebtedness, except on indebtedness
incurred or continued to purchase or carry obligations, the interest
upon which is wholly exempt from taxation as income under this Title,
which the gross amount of income for the year derived from sources
within the Philippines bears to the gross amount of income derived all
sources within and without the Philippines; but this deduction shall be
allowed only if such non-resident alien individual or foreign
corporation includes in the return required by this Title all the
information necessary for its calculation.
(c) Taxes —
(1) In General. — Taxes paid or accrued within the
taxable year, except-
(A) The income tax provided for under this Title;
(B) Income, war-profits, and excess-profits taxes
imposed by the authority of the United States, a possession of the
United States, or any foreign country; but this deduction shall be
allowed in the case of a taxpayer who does not signify in his return
his desire to have to any extent the benefits of paragraph (3) of this
subsection relating to credit for taxes of foreign countries);
(C) Estate, inheritance and gift taxes; and
(D) Taxes assessed against local benefits of a kind
tending to increase the value of the property assessed.
(2) Limitations and deductions. —
(A) In the case of a non-resident alien individual
and a foreign corporation, the deductions for taxes provided in
paragraph (1) of this subsection (c) shall be allowed only if and to
the extent that they are connected with income from sources within the
Philippines, and
(B) In the case of a citizen of a foreign country
residing in the Philippines whose income from sources within such
foreign country is not taxable under this Title, only that portion of
the taxes paid to such foreign country which corresponds to his net
income taxable under this Title shall be allowed as deduction.
(3) Credits against tax for taxes of foreign
countries. — If the taxpayer signifies in his return his desire to have
the benefits of this paragraph, the tax imposed by this Title shall be
credited with —
(A) Citizen and domestic corporation. — In the case
of a citizen of the Philippines and of a domestic corporation, the
amount of any income, war-profits, and excess profits taxes paid or
accrued during the taxable year to any foreign country;
(B) Alien resident of the Philippines. — In the case
of an alien resident of the Philippines, the amount of any such taxes
paid or accrued during the taxable year to any foreign country, if the
foreign country of which such alien resident is a citizen or subject,
in imposing such taxes, allows a similar credit to citizens of the
Philippines residing in such country; and
(C) Partnership and estates. — In the case of any
such individual who is a member of a partnership or a beneficiary of an
estate or trust, his proportionate share of such taxes of the
partnership or the estate or trust paid or accrued during the taxable
year to a foreign country, if his distributive share of the income of
such partnership or trust is reported for taxation under this Title.
(D) Non-resident aliens and foreign corporations. —
Non-resident alien individuals and foreign corporations shall not be
allowed the credits against the tax for taxes of foreign countries
allowed under this paragraph.
(4) Limitations on credit. — The amount of the credit
taken under this section shall be subject to each of the following
limitations:
(A) The amount of the credit in respect of the tax
paid or accrued to any country shall not exceed the same proportion of
the tax against which such credit is taken, which the taxpayer's net
income from sources within such country taxable under this Title bears
to his entire net income for the same taxable year; and
(B) The total amount of the credit shall not exceed
the same proportion of the tax against which such credit is taken,
which the taxpayer's net income from sources without the Philippines
taxable under this Title bears to his entire net income for the same
taxable year.
(5) Adjustments on payment of accrued taxes. — If
accrued taxes when paid differ from the amounts claimed as credits by
the taxpayer, or if any tax paid is refunded in whole or in part, the
taxpayer shall notify the Collector of Internal Revenue, who shall
predetermine the amount of the tax for the year or years affected, and
the amount of tax due upon such re-determination, if any, shall be paid
by the taxpayer upon notice and demand by the Collector, or the amount
of tax overpaid, if any, shall be credited or refunded to the taxpayer.
In the case of such a tax accrued but not paid, the Collector as a
condition precedent to the allowance of this credit may require the
taxpayer to give a bond with sureties satisfactory to and to be
approved by the Collector in such sum as he may require, conditioned
upon the payment by the taxpayer of any amount of tax found due upon
any such re-determination. The bond herein prescribed shall contain
such further conditions as the Collector may require.
(6) Year in which credit taken. — The credits
provided for in paragraph (3) of this subsection may, at the option of
the taxpayer and irrespective of the method of accounting employed in
keeping his books, be taken in the year in which the taxes of the
foreign country accrued, subject, however, to the conditions prescribed
in paragraph 5 of this subsection. If the taxpayer elects to take such
credits in the year in which the taxes of the foreign country accrued,
the credits for all subsequent years shall be taken upon the same
basis, and no portion of any such taxes shall be allowed as a deduction
in the same or any succeeding year
(7) Proof of credits. — The credits provided in
paragraph (3) of this subsection shall be allowed only if the taxpayer
establishes to the satisfaction of the Collector (1) the total amount
of income derived from sources without the Philippines, (2) the amount
of income derived from each country, the tax paid or accrued to which
is claimed as a credit under said paragraph, such amount to be
determined under rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of
Finance, and (3) all other information necessary for the verification
and computation of such credits.
(8) Taxes of foreign subsidiary. — For the purposes
of this subsection a domestic corporation which owns a majority of the
voting stock of a foreign corporation from which it receives dividends
in any taxable year shall be deemed to have paid the same proportion of
any income, war-profits, or excess-profits taxes paid by such foreign
corporation to any foreign country, upon or with respect to the
accumulated profits of such foreign corporation from which such
dividends bears to the amount of such accumulated profits: Provided,
That the amount of tax deemed to have been paid under this subsection
shall in no case exceed the same proportion of the tax against which
credit is taken which the amount of such dividends bears to the amount
of the entire net income of the domestic corporation in which such
dividends are included. The term "accumulated profits" when used in
this subsection in reference to a foreign corporation, means the amount
of its gains, profits, or income in excess of the income. war-profits,
and excess-profits taxes imposed upon or with respect to such profits
or income; and the Collector of Internal Revenue shall have full power
to determine from the accumulated profits of what year or years such
dividends were paid; treating dividends were paid; treating dividends
paid in the first sixty days of any year as having been paid from the
accumulated profits of the preceding year or years (unless to his
satisfaction shown otherwise), and in other respects treating dividends
as having been paid from the most recently accumulated gains, profits,
or earnings. In the case of a foreign corporation. the income,
war-profits, and excess-profits taxes of which are determined on the
basis of an accounting period of less than one year, the word "year" as
used in this subsection shall be construed to mean such accounting
period.
(9) Taxes of shareholder paid by corporation. — The
deduction for taxes allowed by subsection (c) shall be allowed to a
corporation in the case of taxes imposed upon a shareholder of the
corporation upon his interest as shareholder, for the amount of such
taxes.
(d) Losses —
(1) By individuals. — In the case of an individual,
losses actually sustained during the taxable year and not compensated
for by insurance or otherwise —
(A) If incurred in trade or business; or
(B) If incurred in any transaction entered into for
profit, though not connected with the trade or business; or
(C) Of property not connected with the trade or
business, if the loss arises from fires, storms, shipwreck, or other
casualty, or from robbery, theft, or embezzlement no loss shall be
allowed as a deduction under this paragraph if at the time of the
filing of the return such loss has been claimed as a deduction for
estate or inheritance tax proposes in the estate or inheritance tax
return
(2) By corporations. — In the case of a corporation,
all losses actually sustained and charged off within the taxable year
and not compensated for by insurance or otherwise
(3) By non-resident aliens or foreign corporations. —
In the case of. a non-resident alien individual or a foreign
corporation, the losses deductible are those actually sustained during
the year incurred in business or trade conducted within the
Philippines, and losses of property within the Philippines arising from
fires, storms, shipwreck, or other casualty, and from robbery, theft,
or embezzlement, and losses actually sustained during the year in
transactions entered into for profit in the Philippines although not
connected with their business or trade, when such losses are not
compensated for by insurance or otherwise.
(4) Capital losses. —
(A) Limitation. — Losses from sales or exchanges of
capital assets shall be allowed only to the extent provided in section
34.
(B) Securities becoming worthless. — If any
securities as defined in section 84 become worthless during the taxable
year and are capital assets, the loss resulting therefrom shall, for
the purposes of this Title, be considered as a loss from the sale or
exchange, on the last day of such taxable year, of capital assets.
(5) Losses on wash sales of stock or securities. —
Losses on "wash sales" of stock or securities as provided in section 33.
(6) Wagering losses. — Losses from wagering
transactions shall be allowed only to the extent of the gains from such
transactions.
(e) Bad debts —
(1) In general. — Debts due to the taxpayer actually
ascertained to be worthless and charged off within the taxable year.
(2) Bad debts deductible by non-resident aliens or
foreign corporations. — In the case of a non-resident alien individual
or a foreign corporation, bad debts are deductible if any have arisen
in the course of business or trade conducted within the Philippines and
actually ascertained to be worthless and charged off within the year.
(3) Securities becoming worthless. — If any
securities as defined in section 84 are ascertained to be worthless and
charged off within the taxable year and are capital assets, the loss
resulting therefrom shall, in the case of a taxpayer other than a bank
or trust company incorporated under the laws of the Philippines or the
United States a substantial part of whose business is the receipt of
deposits, for the purposes of this Title, be considered as a loss from
the sale or exchange, on the last day of such taxable year, of capital
assets.
(f) Depreciation —
(1) In general. — A reasonable allowance for
deterioration of property arising out of its use or employment in the
business or trade, or out of its not being used: Provided, That when
the allowance authorized under this subsection shall equal the capital
invested by the taxpayer or, in the case of purchase made prior to
March first, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the fair market value as of
that date, no further allowance shall be made. In the case of property
held by one person for life with remainder to another person, the
deduction shall be computed as if the life tenant were the absolute
owner of the property and shall be allowed to the life tenant. In the
case of property held in trust, the allowable deduction shall be
apportioned between the income beneficiaries and the trustee in
accordance with the pertinent provisions of the instrument creating the
trust, or, in the absence of such provisions, on the basis of the trust
income allowable to each.
(2) Depreciation deductible by non-resident aliens or
foreign corporations. — In the case of a non-resident alien individual
or a foreign corporation, a reasonable allowance for the deterioration
of property arising out of the use or employment or its non-use in the
business or trade shall be permitted only when such property is located
within the Philippines.
(g) Depletion of oil and gas wells and mines:
(1) In general. — (A) In the case of oil and gas
wells, a reasonable allowance for actual reduction in flow and
production to be ascertained not by the flush flow, but by the settled
production or regular flow; (B) in the case of mines, a reasonable
allowance for depletion thereof not to exceed the market value in the
mine of the product thereof, which has been mined and sold during the
year for which the return and computation are made. The allowances
shall be made under rules and regulations to be prescribed by the
Secretary of Finance: Provided, That when the allowances shall equal
the capital invested, or in case of purchase made prior to March first,
nineteen hundred and thirteen, the fair market value as of that date,
no further allowance shall be made.
(2) Depletion of oil and gas wells and mines
deductible by non-resident aliens or foreign corporations. — In the
case of a non-resident alien individual or a foreign corporation,
allowance for depletion of oil and gas wells or mines under paragraph
(1) shall be authorized only in respect to oil and gas wells origins
located within the Philippines.
(h) Charitable and other contributions. —
Contributions or gifts actually paid or made within the taxable year or
for use of the Government of the Philippines or any political
subdivision thereof for exclusively public purposes, or to domestic
corporations or associations organized and operated exclusively for
religious, charitable, scientific, athletic, cultural or educational
purposes, or to societies for the prevention of cruelty to children or
animals, no part of the net income of which is distributed to any
private stockholder or individual to an amount not in excess of six per
centum in the case of an individual, and three per centum in the case
of a corporation, of the taxpayer's taxable net income as computed
without the benefit of this paragraph. Such contributions or gifts
shall be allowable as deductions only if verified under rules and
regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
(i) Conditions under which a non-resident alien
individual may receive benefit of deductions. — A non-resident alien
individual shall receive the benefit of the deductions provided for in
this section only by filing or causing to be filed with the Collector
of Internal Revenue a true and accurate return of his total income,
received from all sources, corporate or otherwise, in the Philippines,
in the manner prescribed by this Code; and in case of his failure to
file such return the Collector of Internal Revenue shall collect the
tax on such income.
(j) Pension trusts. — General rule. — An employer
establishing or maintaining a pension trust to provide for the payment
of reasonable pensions to his employees shall be allowed as a deduction
(in addition to the contributions to such trusts during the taxable
year to cover the pension liability accruing during the year, allowed
as a deduction under subsection (a) of this section) a reasonable
amount transferred or paid into such trust during the taxable year in
excess of such contributions, but only if such amount (1) has not
heretofore been allowable as a deduction, and (2) is apportioned in
equal parts over a period of ten consecutive years beginning with the
year in which the transfer or payment is made.
Section 31. Items not deductible. — (a) General
rule. — In computing net income no deduction shall in any case be
allowed in respect of —
(1) Personal, living, or family expenses;
(2) Any amount paid out for new buildings or for
permanent improvements, or betterments made to increase the value of
any property or estate;
(3) Any amount expended in restoring property or in
making good the exhaustion thereof for which an allowance is or has
been made; or
(4) Premiums paid on any life insurance policy
covering the life of any officer or employee, or of any person
financially interested in any trade or business carried on by the
taxpayer, individual or corporate, when the taxpayer is directly or
indirectly a beneficiary under such policy.
(b) Losses from sales or exchanges of property. In
computing net income no deduction shall in any case be allowed in
respect of losses from sales or exchanges of property, directly or
indirectly —
(1) Between members of a family. For the purposes of
this paragraph, the family of an individual shall include only his
brothers and sisters (whether by the whole or half blood), spouse,
ancestors, and lineal descendants;
(2) Except in the case of distributions in
liquidation, between an individual and a corporation more than fifty
per centum in value of the outstanding stock of which is owned,
directly or indirectly, by or for such liquidation, between two
corporations more than fifty per centum in value of the outstanding
stock of each of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for the
same individual, if either one of such corporations, with respect to
the taxable year of the corporation preceding the date of the sale or
exchange was, under the law applicable to such taxable year, a personal
holding company or a foreign personal holding company;
(4) Between a grantor and a fiduciary of any trust;
(5) Between the fiduciary of a trust and the
fiduciary of another trust, if the same person is a grantor with
respect to each trust; or
(6) Between a fiduciary of a trust and a beneficiary
of such trust.
Section 32. Special provisions regarding income
and dedications of insurance companies, whether domestic or foreign. —
(a) Special deductions allowed to insurance companies. — In the case of
insurance companies, whether domestic or foreign, the net additions, if
any, required by law to be made within the year to reserve funds and
the -sums other than dividends paid within the year on policy and
annuity contracts may be deducted from their gross income.
(b) Mutual insurance companies. — In the case of
mutual fire and mutual employers' liability and mutual workmen's
compensation and mutual casualty insurance companies requiring their
members to make premium deposits to provide for losses and expenses,
said companies shall not return as income any portion of the premium
deposits returned to the policyholders, but shall return as taxable
income all income received by them from all other sources plus such
portion of premium deposits as are retained by the companies for
purposes other than payment of losses and expenses and re-insurance
reserves.
(c) Mutual marine insurance companies. — Mutual
marine insurance companies shall include in their return of gross
income gross premiums collected and received by them less amounts paid
for re-insurance, but shall be entitled to include in deductions from
gross income amounts repaid to policyholders on account of premiums
previously paid by them, and interest paid upon such amounts between
the ascertainment thereof and the payment thereof.
(d) Life insurance companies. — Life insurance
companies shall not include as income in any year such portion of any
actual premium received from any individual policyholder as shall have
been paid back or credited to such individual policyholder, or treated
as an abatement of premium of such individual policyholder within the
taxable year.
(e) Assessment insurance companies. — In the case of
assessment insurance companies, whether domestic or foreign, the actual
deposit of sums with the officers of the Government of the Philippines
pursuant to law, as additions to guarantee or reserve funds, shall be
treated as payments required by law to reserve funds.
Section 33. Losses from wash sales of stock or securities. — (a) In the
case of any loss claimed to have been sustained from any sale or other
disposition of shares of stock or securities where it appears that,
within a period beginning thirty days before after such date, the
taxpayer has acquired (by purchase or by exchange upon which the entire
amount of gain or loss was recognized by law), or has entered into a
contract or option so to acquire, substantially identical stock or
securities, then no deduction for the loss shall be allowed under
section 30 unless the claim is made by a dealer in stocks or
securities, and with respect to a transaction made in the ordinary
course of the business of such dealer.
(b) If the amount of stock or securities acquired (or
covered by the contract or option to acquire) is less than the amount
of stock or securities sold or otherwise disposed of, then the
particular shares of stock or securities the loss from the sale or
other disposition of which is not deductible shall be determined under
rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
(c) If the amount of stock or securities acquired or
covered by the contract or option to acquire) is not less than the
amount of stock or securities sold or otherwise disposed of, then the
particular shares of stock or securities the acquisition of which (or
the contract or option to acquire which) resulted in the
non-deductibility of the loss shall be determined under rules and
regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Section 34. Capital gains and losses. — (a)
Definition. — As used in this Title-
The term "capital assets" means property held by the taxpayer (whether
or not connected with his trade or business), but does not include
stock in trade of the taxpayer or other property of a kind which would
properly be included in the inventory of the taxpayer if on hand at the
close of the taxable year, or property held by the taxpayer primarily
for sale to customers in the ordinary course of his trade or business,
or property, used in the trade or business, of a character which is
subject to the allowance for depreciation provided in subsection (a) of
section 30;
(b) Percentage taken into account. — In computing net
income, only fifty per centum of the gain or loss recognized upon the
sale or exchange of a capital asset shall be taken into account.
(c) Limitation on capital losses. — Losses from sale
or exchanges of capital assets shall be allowed only to the extent of
the gains from such sales or exchanges. If a bank or trust company
incorporated under the laws of the Philippines or of the United States,
a substantial part of whose business in the receipt of deposits, sells
any bond, debenture, note, or certificate or other evidence of
indebtedness issued by any corporation (including one issued by a
government or political subdivision thereof), with interest coupons or
in registered form, any loss resulting from such sale shall not be
subject to the foregoing limitation and shall not be included in
determining the applicability of such limitation to other losses.
(d) Retirement of bonds, etc. — For the purposes of
this Title amounts received by the holder upon the retirement of bonds,
debentures, notes, or certificates or other evidences of indebtedness
issued by any corporation (including those issued by a government or
political subdivision thereof), with interest coupons or in registered
form, shall be considered as amounts received in exchange therefor
(e) Gains and losses from short sales, etc. — For the
purpose of this Title.-
(1) Gains or losses from short sales of property
shall be considered as gains or losses from sales or exchanges of
capital assets; and
(2) Gains or losses attributable to the failure to
exercise privileges or options to buy or sell property shall be
considered as capital gains or losses.
Section 35. Determination of gain or loss from
the sale or other disposition of property. — The gain derived or loss
sustained from the sale or other disposition of property, real,
personal, or mixed, shall be determined in accordance with the
following schedule.
(a) In the case of property acquired before March
first, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the fair market price or value of
such property as of March first, nineteen hundred and thirteen.
(b) In the case of property acquired on or after
March first, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the cost thereof if such
property was acquired by purchase or the fair market price or value as
of the date of the acquisition if the same was acquired by gratuitous
title.
(c) In the case of the exchange of one piece of
property for another, the property received in exchange shall be
considered as the equivalent of money in a sum equal to its fair market
value on the date on which the exchange was made.
Section 36. Inventories. — Whenever in the
judgment of the Collector of Internal Revenue, the use of inventories
is necessary in order to determine clearly the income of any taxpayer,
inventories shall be taken by such taxpayer upon such basis as the
Secretary of Finance may, by regulations, prescribe, as conforming as
nearly as may be to the best accounting practice in the trade or
business and as most clearly reflecting the income.
Section 37. Income from sources within the
Philippines. — (a) Gross income from sources within the Philippines. —
The following items of gross income shall be treated as gross income
from sources within the Philippines:
(1) Interest. — Interest derived from sources within
the Philippines, and interest on bonds, notes, or other interest
bearing obligations of residents, corporate or otherwise;
(2) Dividends. — The amount received as dividends —
(A) From a domestic corporation;
(B) From a foreign corporation unless less than fifty
per centum of the gross income of such foreign corporation for the
three-year period ending with the close of its taxable year preceding
the declaration of such dividends (or for such part of such period as
the corporation has been in existence) was derived from sources with.
in the Philippines as determined under the provisions of this section;
but only in an amount which bears the same ratio to such dividends as
the gross income of the corporation for such period derived from
sources within the Philippines bears to its gross income from all
sources;
(3) Services. — Compensation for labor or personal
services performed in the Philippines:
(4) Rentals and royalties. — Rentals and royalties
from property located in the Philippines or from any interest in such
property, including rentals or royalties for the use of or for the
privilege of using in the Philippines patents, copyrights, secret
processes and formulas, goodwill, trademarks, trade brands, franchise,
and other like property;
(5) Sale of real property. — Gains, profits, and
income from the sale of real property located in the Philippines; and
(6) Sale of personal property. — Gains, profits, and
income from the sale of personal property, as determined in subsection
(e) of this section.
(b) Net income from sources in the Philippines. —
From the items of gross income specified in subsection (a) of this
section there shall be deducted the expenses, losses, and other
education properly apportioned or allocated thereto and a ratable part
of any expenses, losses, or other deductions which can not definitely
be allocated to some item or class of gross income. The remainder, if
any, shall be included in full as net income from sources within the
Philippines.
(c) Gross income from sources without the
Philippines. — The following items of gross income shall be treated as
income from sources without the Philippines:
(1) Interest other than that derived from sources
within the Philippines as provided in paragraph (1) of subsection (a)
of this section;
(2) Dividends other than those derived from sources
within the Philippines as provided in paragraph (2) of subsection (a)
of this section;
(3) Compensation for labor or personal services
performed without the Philippines;
(4) Rentals or royalties from property located
without the Philippines or from any interest in such property,
including rentals or royalties for the use of or for the privilege of
using without the Philippines, patents, copyrights, secret processes
and formulas, good will, trademarks, trade brands, franchises, and
other like properties; and
(5) Gains, profits, and income from the sale of real
property located without the Philippines.
(d) Net income from Sources without the Philippines.
— From the items of gross income specified in subsection (c) of this
section there shall be deducted the expenses, losses, and other
deductions properly apportioned or allocated thereto, and a ratable
part of any expenses, losses or other deductions which cannot
definitely be allocated to some item or class of gross income. The
remainder, if any, shall be treated in full as net income from sources
without the Philippines.
(e) Income from sources partly within and partly
without the Philippines. — Items of gross income, expenses, losses and
deductions, other than those specified in subsection (a) and (c) of
this section shall be allocated or apportioned to sources within or
without the Philippines under rules and regulations prescribed by the
Secretary of Finance. Where items of gross income are separately
allocated to sources within the Philippines, there shall be deducted
(for the purpose of computing the net income therefrom) the expenses,
losses, and other deductions properly apportioned or allocated thereto
and a ratable part of other expenses, losses or other deduction which
can not definitely be allocated to some item or class of gross income.
The remainder, if any, shall be included in full as net income from
sources within the Philippines. In the case of gross income derived
from sources partly within and partly without the Philippines, the net
income may first be computed by deducting the expenses, losses, or
other deductions apportioned or allocated thereto and a ratable part of
any expenses, losses, or other deductions which can not definitely be
allocated to some items or class of gross income; and the portion of
such net income attributable to sources within the Philippines may be
determined by processes or formulas of general apportionment prescribed
by the Secretary of Finance. Gains, profits, and income from (1)
transportation or other services rendered partly within and partly
without the Philippines, or (2) from the sale of personal property
produced (in whole or part) by the taxpayer within and sold without the
Philippines, or produced (in whole or in part) by the taxpayer without
and sold within the Philippines, shall be treated as derived partly
from sources without the Philippines. Gains, profits, and income
derived from the purchase of personal property within and its sale
without the Philippines or from the purchase of personal property
without and its sale within the Philippines, shall be treated as
derived entirely from sources within the country in which sold.
(f) Definitions. — As used in this section the words
"sale" or "sold" include "exchange" or "exchanged", and the word
"produced" includes "created", "fabricated", "manufactured",
"extracted", "processed," "cured", or
CHAPTER V
Accounting and Methods of Accounting
Section 38. General rule. — The net income shall
be computed upon the basis of the taxpayer's annual accounting period
(fiscal year or calendar year, as the case may be) in accordance with
the method of accounting regularly employed in keeping the books of
such taxpayer; but if no such method of accounting has been so
employed, or if no method employed does not clearly reflect the income,
the computation shall be made in accordance with such method as in the
opinion of the collector of Internal Revenue does clearly reflect the
income. If the taxpayer's annual accounting period is other than a
fiscal year, as defined in section 84, or if the taxpayer has no annual
accounting period, or does not keep books, or if the taxpayer is an
individual, the net income shall be computed on the basis of the
calendar.
Section 39. Period in which items of gross
income included. — The amount of all items of gross income shall be
included in the gross income for the taxable year in which received by
the taxpayer, unless, under methods of accounting permitted under
Sec. 38 any such amounts are to be properly accounted for as of a
different period. In the case of the death of a taxpayer there shall be
included in computing net income for the taxable period in which falls
the date of his death, amounts accrued up to the date of his death if
not otherwise properly allowable in respect of such period or a prior
period.
Section 40. Period for which deductions and
credits taken. — The deductions provided for in this Title shall be
taken for the taxable year in which "paid or accrued" or "paid or
incurred", dependent upon the method of accounting upon the basis of
which the net income is computed, unless in order to clearly reflect
the income the deductions should be taken as of a different period. In
the case of the death of a taxpayer there shall be allowed as
deductions for the taxable period in which falls the date of his death,
amounts accrued up to the date of his death, if not otherwise properly
allowable in respect of such period or a prior period.
Section 41. Change of accounting period. — If a
taxpayer, other than an individual, changes his accounting period from
fiscal year to calendar year, from calendar year to fiscal year, or
from fiscal year to another, the net income shall, with the approval of
the Collector of Internal Revenue, be computed on the basis of such new
accounting period, subject to the provisions of section 42.
Section 42. Returns for a period of less than
twelve months. — (a) Returns for short period resulting from change of
accounting period. — If a taxpayer, other than an individual, with the
approval of the Collector of Internal Revenue, changes the basis of
computing net income from fiscal year to calendar year a separate
return shall be made for the period between the close of the last
fiscal year for which return was made and the following December 31. If
the change is from calendar year to fiscal year, a separate return
shall be made for the period between the close of the new fiscal year.
(b) Income computed on basis of short period. — Where
a separate return is made under subsection (a) on account of a change
in the accounting period, and in all other cases where a separate
return is required or permitted, by regulations prescribed by the
Secretary of Finance, to be made for a fractional part of a year, then
the income shall be computed on the basis of the period for which
separate return is made.
Section 43. Installment basis. — (a) Dealers in
personal property. — Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of
Finance, a person who regularly sells or otherwise disposes of personal
property on the installment plan may return as income therefrom in any
taxable year that proportion of the installment payments actually
received in that year which the gross profit realized or to be realized
when payment is completed, bears to the total contract price.
(b) Sales of real property and casual sales of
personal property. — In the case (1) of a casual sake or other casual
disposition of personal property (other than property of a kind which
would properly be included in the inventory of the taxpayer if on hand
at the close of the taxable year), for a price exceeding one thousand
pesos, or (2) of a sale or other disposition of real property, in
either case the initial payments do not exceed twenty-five per centum
of the selling price, the income may, under regulations prescribed by
the Secretary of Finance, be returned on the basis and in the manner
above prescribed in this section. As used in this section the term
"initial payments" means the payments received in cash or property
other than evidences of indebtedness of the purchaser during the
taxable period in which the sale or other disposition is made.
(c) Change from accrual to installment basis. — If a
taxpayer entitled to the benefits of subsection (a) elects for any
taxable year to report his net income on the installment basis, then in
computing his income for the year of change or any subsequent year,
amounts actually received during any such year on account of sales or
other dispositions of property made in any prior year shall not be
excluded.
(b) Sales of real property and casual sales of
personal property. — In the case (1) of a casual sale or other casual
disposition of personal property (other than property of a kind which
would properly be included in the inventory of the taxpayer if on hand
at the close of the taxable year), for a price exceeding one thousand
pesos, or (2) of a sale or other disposition of real property, in
either case the initial payments do not exceed twenty-five per centum
of the selling price, the income may, under regulations prescribed by
the Secretary of Finance, be returned on the basis and in the manner
above prescribed in this section. As used in this section the term
"initial payments" means the payments received in cash or property
other than evidences of indebtedness of the purchaser during the
taxable period in which the sale or other disposition is made.
(c) Change from accrual to installment basis. — If a
taxpayer entitled to the benefits of subsection (a) elects for any
taxable year to report his net income on the installment basis, then in
computing his income for the year of change or any subsequent year,
amounts actually received during any such year on account of sales or
other dispositions of property made in any prior year shall not be
excluded.
Section 44. Allocation of income and deductions.
— In any case of two or more organizations, trades, or businesses
(whether or not incorporated and whether or not organized in the
Philippines) owned or controlled directly or indirectly by the same
interests, the Collector of Internal revenue is authorized to
distribute, apportion, or allocate gross income or deductions between
or among such organizations, trades, or businesses, if he determines
that such distribution, apportionment, or allocation is necessary in
order to prevent evasion of taxes or clearly to reflect the income of
any of such organizations, trades, or businesses.
CHAPTER VI
Returns and Payment of Tax
Section 45. Individual returns. — (a)
Requirement. — (1) Every citizen of the Philippines of lawful age,
whether residing at home or abroad and, (2) every person residing in
the Philippines, though not a citizen thereof, having a gross income of
one thousand pesos or over, including dividends, for the taxable year,
and (3) every non-resident, alien deriving income from sources within
the Philippines regardless of amount, shall file an income tax return,
in duplicate, setting forth specifically the gross amount of income
from all sources and deducting from the total thereof the aggregate
items of allowances authorized under this Title, in such form and
manner as the Collector of Internal Revenue, with the approval of the
Secretary of Finance, may prescribe.
(b) Where to file. — The return shall be filed with
the Collector of Internal Revenue, provincial revenue agent or
treasurer of the province, city, or municipality in which such person
has his legal residence or principal place of business, or if there be
no legal residence or place of business in the Philippines, then with
the Collector of Internal Revenue in Manila.
(c) When to file. — The return shall be filed on or
before the first day of March of each year covering income of the
preceding calendar year, or within the extension which may be granted
by the Collector of Internal Revenue as herein set forth.
(d) Husband and wife. — In the case of married
persons, whether citizens, resident or non-resident aliens, only one
consolidated return for the taxable year shall be filed by either
spouse to cover the income of both spouses; but where it is
impracticable for the spouses to file one consolidated return, each
spouse may file his separate return of income, but the returns so filed
shall be consolidated for the purpose of the tax prescribed under this
Title.
(e) Return of parent to include income of children. —
The income of unmarried minors derived from property received from a
living parent shall be included in the return of the parent, except (1)
when the gift tax has been paid on such property, or (2) when the
transfer of such property is exempt from the gift tax.
(f) Persons under disability. — If the taxpayer is
unable to make his own return, the return may be made by his duly
authorized agent or representative or by the guardian or other person
charged with the care of his person or property, the principal and his
representative or guardian assuming the responsibility of making the
return and incurring penalties provided for erroneous, false, or
fraudulent returns.
(g) Signature presumed correct. — The fact that an
individual's name is signed to a filed return shall be prima facie
evidence for all purposes that the return was actually signed by him.
Section 46. Corporation returns. — (a)
Requirement. — Every corporation, subject to the tax herein imposed,
shall render, in duplicate, a true and accurate return of its annual
net income in the manner and form prescribed by the collector of
Internal Revenue with the approval of the Secretary of Finance, and
containing such facts, data and information as are appropriate and in
the opinion of the Collector of Internal revenue necessary to determine
the correctness of the net income returned and to carry out the
provisions of this Title. The return shall be filed by the President,
vice-president, or other principal officer, and shall be sworn to by
such officer and by the treasurer or assistant treasurer.
(b) When to file. — The return shall be rendered on
or before the first day of March of each year for the preceding
calendar year, or if the corporation has designated fiscal year, then
within sixty days after the close of such fiscal year.
(c) Where to file. — The return shall be made to the
Collector of Internal Revenue, provincial revenue agent, or to the
treasurer of the province, city, or municipality in which is located
the principal office of the corporation where its books of account and
other data from which the return is prepared are kept, or in the case
of a foreign corporation, to the Collector of Internal Revenue,
provincial revenue agent, or to the treasurer of the province city, or
municipality in which is located its principal place of business in the
Philippines, or if it has no office of any kind or agency in the
Philippines, then to the Collector of Internal Revenue in Manila. All
such returns shall as received be transmitted forthwith by the officer
receiving them to the Collector of Internal Revenue:
(d) Fiscal year of corporations. — Every corporation
subject to tax, including duly registered general co-partnerships, may
designate the last day of any month in the year as the day of the
closing of its fiscal year, and shall be entitled to have the tax
payable by it computed upon the basis of the net income ascertained as
herein provided for the year ending on the day so designated in the
year preceding the date of assessment instead of upon the basis of the
net income for the calendar year preceding the date of assessment; and
it shall give notice of the day it has thus designated as the closing
of its fiscal year to the Collector of Internal Revenue at any time not
less than thirty days prior to the first day of March of the year in
which its return would be filed if made upon the basis of the calendar
year.
Section 47. Extension of time to file returns. —
The Collector of Internal Revenue may, in meritorious cases, grant a
reasonable extension of time for filing returns of income.
Section 48. Returns of receivers, trustees in bankruptcy, or assignees.
— In cases wherein receivers, trustees in bankruptcy, or assignees are
operating the property or business of a corporation, subject to the tax
imposed by this Title, such receivers, trustees, or assignees shall
make returns of net income as and for such corporation, in the same
manner and form as and for such corporation, in the same manner and
form as such organization is hereinbefore required to make returns, and
any tax due on the income as returned by receivers, trustees, or
assignees shall be assessed and collected in the same manner as if
assessed directly against the organizations of whose businesses or
properties they have custody and control.
Section 49. Returns of duly registered general co-partnership. — Every
duly registered general co-partnership (compania colectiva) shall
render, in duplicate, a return of its earnings, profits, and income,
except income exempt under subsection (b) of section 29 of this Title,
setting forth the items of the gross income and the deductions allowed
by the Code, and the names and addresses of individuals who would be
entitled to the next earnings, profits and income, if distributed.
Section 50. Returns to be verified by oath. —
The Collector of Internal Revenue or other internal-revenue officer
shall require every return to be verified by the oath of the party
rendering it. If the Collector or other internal-revenue officer has
reason to believe that the amount of any income returned is
understated, he shall give due notice to the person, making the return
to show cause why the amount of income declared in the return should
not be increased, and, upon proof of the amount understated, may
increase the same accordingly. Such person may furnish sworn testimony
to prove any relevant facts, and, if dissatisfied with the decision of
an internal revenue officer, may appeal to the Collector of Internal
Revenue for his decision under such rules of procedure as may be
prescribed by regulations.
Section 51. Assessment and payment of income tax. — (a) Assessment of
tax. — All assessments shall be made by the Collector of Internal
Revenue and all persons and corporations subject to tax shall be
notified of the amount for which they are respectively liable on or
before the first day of May of each successive year.
(b) Time of payment. — The total amount of tax
imposed by this Title shall be paid on or before the fifteenth day of
May following the close of the calendar year, by the person subject to
tax, and, in the case of a corporation, by the president,
vice-president, or other responsible officer thereof. If the return is
made on the basis of a fiscal year, the total amount of the tax shall
be paid on or before the fifteenth day of the fifth month following the
close of the fiscal year.
(c) Installment payments. — When the tax assessed
against the taxpayer is in excess of ten pesos, the taxpayer may elect
to pay the tax in two equal installments in which case the first
installment shall be paid on or before the date prescribed in the
preceding subsection, and the second installment, on or before the
fifteenth day of August following the close of the calendar year, or on
or before the fifteenth day of the eight month following the close of
the fiscal year, as the case may be. If any installment is not paid on
or before the date fixed for its payment, the whole amount of tax
unpaid shall be paid upon notice and demand from the Collector of
Internal Revenue.
(d) Refusal or neglect to make returns; fraudulent
returns etc. — In cases of refusal or neglect to make a return and in
cases of erroneous, false, or fraudulent returns, the Collector of
Internal Revenue shall, upon the discovery thereof, at any time within
three years after said return is due, or has been made, make a return
upon information obtained as provided for in this code or by existing
law, or require the necessary corrections to be made, and the
assessment made by the Collector of Internal Revenue thereon shall be
paid by such person or corporation immediately upon notification of the
amount of such assessment.
(e) Surcharge and interest in case of delinquency. —
To any sum or sums due and unpaid after the dates prescribed in
subsections (b), (c) and (d) for the payment of the amount of tax
unpaid and interest at the rate of one per centum a month upon said tax
from the time the same became due, except from the estates of insane,
deceased, or insolvent persons.
Section 52. Receipts for payments made. — It
shall be the duty of the Collector of Internal Revenue or other
internal revenue officer to whom any payment of any taxes is made under
the provisions of this Title, to give to the person making such payment
a full written or printed receipt, expressing the amount paid and the
particular account for which such payment was made; and whenever such
payment is made, such Collector or other officer shall, if required,
give a separate receipt for each tax paid by any debtor, on account of
payments made to or to be made by him to separate creditors in such
form that such debtor can conveniently produce the same separately to
his several creditors in satisfaction of their respective demands to
the amounts specified in such receipts; and such receipts shall be
sufficient evidence in favor of such debtor to justify him in
withholding the amount therein expressed from his next payment to his
creditor; but such creditor may, upon giving to his debtor a full
written receipt, acknowledging the payment to him of whatever sum may
be actually paid, and accepting the amount of tax paid as aforesaid,
specifying the same as a further satisfaction of the debt to that
amount, require the surrender to him of such Collector's or other
officer's receipt.
Section 53. Withholding of tax at source. — (a) Tax-free covenant bonds.
— (1) Requirement of withholding. — In any case where bonds mortgages,
deeds of trust, or other similar obligations of domestic or resident
foreign corporations, contain a contract or provision by which the
obligor agrees to pay any portion of the tax imposed by this Title upon
the obligee or to reimburse the obligee for any portion of the tax or
to pay the interest without deductions for any tax which the obligor
may be required or permitted to pay thereon or to retain therefrom
under any law of the Philippines, or of any state or country, the
obligor shall deduct and withhold a tax equal to eight per centum of
the interest upon such bonds, mortgages, deeds of trust, or other
obligations, whether such interest is payable annually or at shorter or
longer periods, and whether such bonds, obligations, or securities had
been heretofore or are hereafter issued or marketed, and the interest
thereon paid, within or without the Philippines if such interest is
payable to a non-resident alien individual or to a citizen or resident
of the Philippines.
(2) Benefit of exemptions against net income. — Such
deduction and withholding shall not be required in the case of a
citizen or resident entitled to receive such interest if such person
shall be filed with the withholding agent, on or before February first,
a signed notice in writing claiming the benefit of the exemption
provided in section 23 of this Title.
(b) Non-resident aliens. — All persons, corporations,
and general co-partnerships (companias colectivas), in whatever
capacity acting, including lessees or mortgagors of real or personal
property, trustees acting in any trust capacity, executors,
administrators, receivers, conservators, fiduciaries, employers and all
officers and employees of the Government of the Philippines having the
control, receipt, custody, disposal, or payment of interests,
dividends, rents, salaries, wages, premiums, annuities, compensations,
remunerations, emoluments, or other fixed or determinable annual or
periodical gains, profits, and income of any non-resident alien
individual, not engaged in trade or business within the Philippines and
not having any office or place of business therein shall (except in the
cases provided for in subsection (a) of this section) deduct and
withhold from such annual or periodical gains, profits, and income a
tax equal to eight per centum thereof: Provided, That no such deduction
or withholding shall be required in the case of dividends paid by a
foreign corporation unless (1) such corporation is engaged in trade or
business therein, and (2) more than eighty-five per centum of the gross
income of such corporation for the three-year period ending with the
close of its taxable year preceding the declaration of such dividends
(or for such part of such period as the corporation has been in
existence) was derived from sources within the Philippines as
determined under the provisions of section 37: Provided, further, That
the Collector of Internal Revenue may authorize such tax to be deducted
and withheld from the interest upon any securities the owners of which
are not known to the withholding agent.
(c) Return and payment. — Every person required to
deduct and withhold any tax under this section shall make return
thereof, in duplicate, on or before March first of each year, and, on
or before the time fixed by law for the payment of the tax, shall pay
the amount withheld to the officer of the Government of the Philippines
authorized to receive it. Every such person is made personally liable
for such tax, and is indemnified against the claims and demands of any
person for the amount of any payments made in accordance with the
provisions of this section.
(d) Income of recipient. — Income upon which any tax
is required to be withheld at the source under this section shall be
included in the return of the recipient of such income but any amount
of tax so withheld shall be credited against the amount of income tax
as computed in such return and the amount, if any, by which the income
tax collected at source exceeds the tax due on the return shall be
refunded subject to the provisions of section 309.
(e) Tax paid by recipient. — If any tax required
under this section to be deducted and withheld is paid by the recipient
of the income, it shall not be re-collected from the withholding agent;
nor in cases in which the tax is so paid shall any penalty be imposed
upon or collected from the recipient of the income or the withholding
agent for failure to return or pay the same, unless such failure was
fraudulent and for the purpose of evading payment.
Section 54. Payment of corporation income tax at source. — In the case
of foreign corporations subject to taxation under this Title not
engaged in trade or business within the Philippines and not having any
office or place of business therein, there shall be deducted and
withheld at the source in the same manner and upon the same items of
income as is provided in section 53 a tax equal to eight per centum
thereof, and such tax shall be returned and paid in the same manner and
subject to the same conditions as provided in that section.
Section 55. Tax on profits collectible from
owner or other persons. — The tax imposed under this Title upon gains,
profits, and income not falling under the foregoing and not returned
and paid by virtue of the foregoing or as otherwise provided by law
shall be assessed by personal return under rules and regulations to be
prescribed by the Secretary of Finance. The intent and purpose of this
Title is that all gains, profits, and income of a taxable class, as
defined in this Title, shall be charged and assessed with the
corresponding tax prescribed by this Title, and said tax shall be by
the owner of such gains, profits, and income, or the proper person
having the receipt, custody, control, or disposal of the same. For the
purpose of this Title ownership of such gains, profits and income or
liability to pay the tax shall be determined as of the year for which a
return is required to be rendered.
CHAPTER VII
Estates and Trusts
Section 56. Imposition of tax. — (a) Application
of tax. — The taxes imposed by this Title upon individuals shall apply
to the income of estates or of any kind of property held in trust,
including —
(1) Income accumulated in trust for the benefit of
unborn or unascertained persons or persons with contingent interests,
and income accumulated or held for future distribution under the terms
of the will or trust;
(2) Income which is to be distributed currently by
the fiduciary to the beneficiaries, and income collected by the
guardian of an infant which is to be held or distributed as the court
may direct;
(3) Income received by estates of deceased persons
during the period of administration or settlement of the estate; and
(4) Income which, in the discretion of the fiduciary,
may be either distributed to the beneficiaries or accumulated.
(b) Computation and payment. —
(1) In general. — The tax shall be computed upon the
net income of the estate or trust and shall be paid by the fiduciary,
except as provided in section 59 (relating to revocable trusts) and
section 60 (relating to income for the benefit of the grantor);
(2) Consolidation of income of two or more trusts. —
Where, in the case of two or more trusts, the creator of the trust in
each instance is the same person and the beneficiary in each instance
is the same, the net income of all the trusts shall be consolidated and
the tax provided in this section computed on such consolidated income,
and such proportion of said tax shall be assessed and collected from
each trustee which the net income of the trust administered by him
bears to the consolidated income of the several trusts.
Section 57. Net income. — The net income of the
estate or trust shall be computed in the same manner and on the same
basis as in the case of an individual, except that —
(a) There shall be allowed as a deduction in
computing the net income of the estate or trust the amount of the
income of the estate or trust for its taxable year which is to be
distributed currently by the fiduciary to the beneficiaries, and the
amount of the income collected by a guardian of an infant which is to
be held or distributed as the court may direct, but the amount so
allowed as a deduction shall be included in computing the net income of
the beneficiaries whether distributed to them or not. Any amount
allowed as a deduction under this subsection shall not be allowed as a
deduction under subsection (b) of the section in the same or any
succeeding taxable year.
(b) In the case of income received by estates or
deceased persons during the period of administration or settlement of
the estate, and in the case of income which, in the discretion of the
fiduciary, may be either distributed to the beneficiary or accumulated,
there shall be allowed as an additional deduction in computing the net
income of the estate or trust the amount of the income of the estate or
trust for its taxable year, which is properly paid or credited during
such year to any legatee, heir, or beneficiary, but the amount so
allowed as a deduction shall be included in computing the net income of
the legatee, heir, or beneficiary.
(c) In the case of a trust administered in a foreign
country, the deductions mentioned in subsections (a) and (b) of this
section shall not be allowed: Provided, That the amount of any income
included in the return of said trust shall not be included in computing
the income of the beneficiaries.
Section 58. Exemption allowed to estates and
trust. — For the purpose of the tax provided for in this Title, there
shall be allowed an exemption of one thousand pesos from the income of
the estate or trust.
Section 59. Revocable trusts. — Where at any
time the power to revest in the grantor title to any part of the corpus
of the trust is vested (1) in the grantor, either alone or in
conjunction with any person not having a substantial adverse interest
in the disposition of such part of the corpus or the income therefrom,
or (2) in any person not having a substantial adverse interest in the
disposition of such part of the corpus or the income therefrom, the
income of such part of the trust shall be included in computing the net
income of the grantor.
Section 60. Income for benefit of grantor. — (a) Where any part of the
income of a trust (1) is, or in the discretion of the grantor or of any
person not having a substantial adverse interest in the disposition of
such part of the income may be held or accumulated for future
distribution to the grantor; or (2) may, in the discretion of the
grantor or of any person not having a substantial adverse interest in
the disposition of such part of the income. be distributed to the
grantor; or (3) is, or in the discretion of the grantor or of any
person not having a substantial adverse interest in the disposition of
such part of the income may be, applied to the payment of premiums upon
policies of insurance on the life of the grantor; such part of the
income of the trust shall be included in computing the net income of
the grantor.
(b) As used in this section, the term "in the
discretion of the grantor" means in the discretion of the grantor,
either alone or in conjunction with any person not having a substantial
adverse interest in the disposition of the part of the income in
question.
Section 61. Fiduciary returns. — Guardians,
trustees, executors, administrators, receivers, conservators, and all
persons or corporations, acting in any fiduciary capacity, shall
render, in duplicate, a return of the income of the person, trust, or
estate for whom or which they act, and be subject to all the provisions
of this Title, which apply to individuals in case such person, estate,
or trust has a gross income of one thousand pesos or over during the
taxable year. Such fiduciary or person filing the return for him or it,
shall take oath that he has sufficient knowledge of the affairs of such
person, trust, or estate to enable him to make such return and that the
same is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, true and correct, and
be subject to all the provisions of this Title which apply to
individuals: Provided, That a return made by or for one of two or more
joint fiduciaries filed in the province where such fiduciary resides,
under such regulations as the Secretary of Finance may prescribe, shall
be sufficient compliance with the requirements of this section.
Section 62. Fiduciaries indemnified against
claims for taxes paid. — Trustees, executors, administrators, and other
fiduciaries are indemnified against the claims or demands of every
beneficiary for all payments of taxes which they shall be required to
make under the provisions of this Title, and they shall have credit for
the amount of such payments against the beneficiary or principal in any
accounting which they make as such trustees or other fiduciaries.
CHAPTER VIII
Personal Holding Companies
Section 63. Tax on personal holding companies. — There shall be levied,
collected, and paid, for each taxable year, upon the undistributed net
income of every personal holding company, in addition to the tax
imposed by section 24 a tax equal to forty-five per centum of the
undistributed net income of such personal holding company.
Section 64. Definition of personal holding
company. — (a) General rule. — For the purposes of this Title, the term
"personal holding company" means any corporation, as defined in section
84 if —
(1) Gross income requirement. — At least eighty per
centum of its gross income for the taxable year is personal holding
company income as defined in section 65, but if the corporation is a
personal holding company with respect to any taxable year beginning
after December thirty-first, nineteen hundred and thirty-eight, then,
for each subsequent taxable year, the minimum percentage shall be
seventy per centum in lieu of eighty, and it shall continue to be
considered as a personal holding company until in a taxable year,
during the whole of the last half of which, the stock ownership
required by paragraph (2) does not exist, or until the expiration of
three consecutive taxable years in each of which less than seventy per
centum of the gross income is personal holding company income; and
(2) Stock ownership requirement. — Any time during
the last half of the taxable year more than fifty per centum in value
of its outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for
not more than five individuals.
(b) Exceptions. — The term "personal holding company"
does not include a corporation, firm or association exempt from
taxation under section 27, a bank duly licensed to do business as such
in the Philippines, a life insurance company, or a foreign personal
holding company as defined in section 67.
Section 65. Personal holding company income. —
For the purposes of this Title the term "personal holding company
income" means the portion of the gross income which consists of:
(a) Dividends, interest (other than interest
constituting rent as defined in subsection (g) hereof), royalties
(other than mineral, oil, or gas royalties), and annuities. The term
"royalties", as herein used, includes income from copyrights, patents,
and other similar revenues.
(b) Stock and securities transactions. — Except in
the case of regular dealers in stock or securities (as defined in
subsection (s) of section 84), gains from the sale or exchange of stock
or securities.
(c) Commodities transactions. — Gains from future
transactions in any commodity on or subject to the rules of a board of
trade or commodity exchange. This subsection shall not apply to gains
by a producer, processor, merchants, or handler of the commodity which
arise out of bona fide hedging transactions reasonably necessary to the
conduct of its business in the manner in which such business is
customarily and usually conducted by others.
(d) Estates and trusts. — Amounts incredible in
computing the net income of estates and trusts under section 56; and
gains from the sale or other disposition of any interest in an estate
or trust.
(e) Personal service contracts. — (1) Amounts
received under a contract under which the corporation is to furnish
personal services, if some person other than the corporation has the
right to designate (by name or by description) the individual who is to
perform the services, or if the individual who is to perform the
services is designated (by name or by description) in the contract; and
(2) amounts received from the sale or other disposition of such a
contract. This subsection shall apply with respect to amounts received
for services under a particular contract only if at some time during
the taxable year twenty-five per centum or more in value of the
outstanding stock of the corporation is owned, directly or indirectly,
by or may be designated (by name or by description) as the one to
perform, such services.
(f) Use of corporation property by shareholder. —
Amounts received as compensation (however designated and from
whomsoever received) for the use of, or right to use, property of the
corporation in any case where, at any time during the taxable year,
twenty-five per centum or more in value of the outstanding stock of the
corporation is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for an individual
entitled to the use of the property, whether such right is obtained
directly from the corporation or by means of sublease or other
arrangement.
(g) Rents. — Rents, unless constituting fifty per
centum or more of the gross income. For the purposes of this
subsection, the term "rents" means compensation, however designated,
for the use of, or right to use, property, and the interest on debts
owed to the corporation, to the extent such debts represent the price
for which real property held primarily for sale to customers in the
ordinary course of its trade or business was sold or exchanged by the
corporation; but does not include amounts constituting personal holding
company income under subsection (f).
(h) Mineral, oil, or gas royalties. — Mineral, oil,
or gas royalties, unless (1) constituting fifty per centum or more of
the gross income, and (2) the deductions relating to expenses, other
than compensation for personal services rendered by shareholders,
constitute fifteen per centum or more of the gross income.
Section 66. Stock ownership. — For the purpose
of determining whether a corporation is a personal holding company,
insofar as such determination is based on stock ownership, the
following rules shall be observed:
(a) Stock not owned by individual. — Stock owned,
directly or indirectly, by or for a corporation, estate, or trust shall
be considered as being owned proportionately by its shareholders,
partners, or beneficiaries.
(b) Family and partnership ownership. — An individual
shall be considered as owning the stock owned, directly or indirectly,
by or for his family or by or for his partner. For the purposes of this
subsection, the family of an individual includes only his brothers and
sisters (whether by the whole or half blood), spouse, ancestors, and
lineal descendants.
(c) Options. — If any person has an option to acquire
stock such stock shall be considered as owned by such person. For the
purposes of this subsection, an option to acquire such an option, and
each one of a series of such options, shall be considered as an option
to acquire such stock.
Section 67. Definition of foreign personal
holding company. — (a) General rule. — For the purposes of this Title,
the term "foreign personal holding company" means any foreign
corporation if —
(1) Gross income requirement. — At least sixty per
centum of its gross income from all sources for the taxable year is
foreign personal holding company income in accordance with section 68;
but if the corporation is a foreign personal holding company with
respect to any taxable year ending after December thirty-first,
nineteen hundred and thirty-eight, then, for each subsequent taxable
year, the minimum percentage shall be fifty per centum in lieu of sixty
per centum, and it shall continue to be considered as a foreign
personal holding company until in a taxable year, during the whole of
which the stock ownership required by paragraph (2) does not exist, or
until the expiration of three consecutive taxable years in each of
which less than fifty per centum of the gross income is foreign
personal holding company income; and
(2) Stock ownership requirement. — At any time during
the taxable year more than fifty per centum in value of its outstanding
stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for not more than five
individuals who are citizens or residents of the Philippines.
(b) Exception. — The term "foreign personal holding
company" does not include a corporation exempt from taxation under
section 27.
Section 68. Gross income and stock ownership
requirements of foreign personal holding companies. — In determining
the percentage of the gross income of a foreign personal holding
company income, as well as the stock ownership requirement of such
company, the same rules prescribed in sections 65 and 66 with regard to
domestic personal holding companies shall apply.
Section 69. Corporation income taxed to
Philippine shareholders. — (a) General rule. — The undistributed net
income of a foreign personal holding company shall be included in the
gross income of the citizens or residents of the Philippines, domestic
corporations, and estates or trusts, who are shareholders in such
foreign personal holding company.
(b) Amount included in gross income. — Each
Philippine shareholder, who was a shareholder on the day in the taxable
year of the company which was the last day on which the stockholders
satisfying the stock ownership requirement defined under paragraph (2)
of subsection (a) of section 67 existed with respect to the company,
shall include in his gross income, as a dividend, for the taxable year
in which or with which the taxable year of the company ends, the amount
he would have received as a dividend if on such last day there had been
distributed by the company, and received by the shareholders, an amount
which bears the same ratio to the undistributed net income of the
company for the taxable year as the portion of such taxable year up to
and including such last day bears to the entire taxable year.
Section 70. Information returns by officers and
directors. — (a) Monthly returns. — On the fifteenth day of each month
which begins after the date of the enactment of this Code, each
individual who on such day is an officer or a director of a foreign
personal holding company, shall file with the Collector of Internal
Revenue a return setting forth with respect to the preceding calendar
month the name and address of each shareholder the class and number of
shares held by each, together with any changes in stockholdings during
such period, the name and address of any holder of securities
convertible into stock of such corporation, and such other information
with respect to the stock and securities of the corporation as the
Secretary of Finance shall, by regulations, prescribe as necessary for
carrying out the provisions of this Code. The Secretary of Finance may,
by regulations, prescribe, as the period with respect to which returns
shall be filed, a longer period than a month. In such case the return
shall be due on the fifteenth day of the succeeding period, and shall
be filed by the individuals who on such day are officers and directors
of the corporation.
(b) Annual returns. — On the sixtieth day after the
close of the taxable year of a foreign personal holding company, each
individual who on such sixtieth day is an officer or director of the
corporation shall file with the Collector of Internal Revenue a return
setting forth —
(1) In complete detail the gross income, deductions
and credits, net income, and undistributed net income of such foreign
personal holding company for such taxable year; and
(2) The same information with respect to such taxable
year as is required in subsection (a) hereof; except that if all the
required returns with respect to such year have been filed under said
subsection (a), no information under this paragraph need be set forth
in the return filed under this subsection.
Section 71. Information returns by shareholders.
— (a) Monthly returns. — On the fifteenth day of each month which
begins after the date of the enactment of this Code, each Philippine
shareholder, by or for whom fifty per centum or more in value of the
outstanding stock of a foreign corporation is owned, directly or
indirectly (including in the case of an individual, stock owned by the
members of his family as defined in this Code), if such foreign
corporation with respect to its taxable year preceding the taxable year
in which such month occurs was a foreign personal holding company,
shall file with the Collector of Internal Revenue a return setting
forth with respect to the preceding calendar month the name and address
of each shareholder, the class and number of shares held by each
together with any changes in stockholdings during such period, the name
and address of any holder of securities convertible into stock of such
corporation, and such other information with respect to the stock and
securities of the corporation as the Secretary of Finance shall, by
regulations, prescribe as necessary for carrying out the provisions of
this Code. The Secretary of Finance may, by regulations, prescribe, as
the period with respect to which returns shall be filed, a longer
period than a month. In such case the return shall be due on the
fifteenth day of the succeeding period, and shall be due on the
fifteenth day of the succeeding period, and shall be filed by the
persons who on such day are Philippine shareholders.
(b) Annual returns. — On the sixtieth day after the
close of the taxable year of a foreign personal holding company, each
Philippine shareholder by or for whom on such sixtieth day fifty per
centum or more in value of the outstanding stock of such company is
owned, directly or indirectly (including in the case of an individual
stock owned by members of his family as defined in this Code), shall
file with the Collector of Internal Revenue a return setting forth the
same information with respect to such taxable year as is required in
subsection (a) hereof; except that if all the required returns with
respect to such year have been filed under said subsection (a), no
return shall be required under this subsection.
CHAPTER IX
Administrative Provisions
Section 72. Surcharge for failure to render
returns and for rendering false and fraudulent returns. — The Collector
of Internal Revenue shall assess all income taxes. In case of willful
neglect to file the return or list within the time prescribed by law,
or in case a false or fraudulent return or list is willfully made, the
Collector of Internal Revenue shall add to the tax or to the deficiency
tax, in case any payment has been made on the basis of such return
before the discovery of the falsity or fraud, or surcharge of fifty per
centum of the amount of such tax or deficiency tax. In case of any
failure to make and file a return or list within the time prescribed by
law or by the Collector or other internal-revenue officer, not due to
willful neglect, the Collector of Internal Revenue shall add to the tax
twenty-five per centum of its amount, except that, when a return is
voluntarily and without notice from the Collector or other officer
filed after such time, and it is shown that the failure to file it was
due to a reasonable, cause, no such addition shall be made to the tax.
The amount so added to any tax shall be collected at the same time and
in the same manner as part of the tax unless the tax has been paid
before the discovery of the neglect, falsity or fraud, in which case
the amount so added shall be collected in the same manner as the tax.
Section 73. Penalty for failure to file return
or to pay tax. — Any one liable to pay the tax, to make a return or to
supply information required under this code, who refuses or neglects to
pay such tax, to make such return or to supply such information at the
time or times herein specified in each year, shall be punished by a
fine of not more than two thousand pesos or by imprisonment for not
more than six months, or both.
Any individual or any officer of any corporation, or general
co-partnership (compania colectiva), required by law to make, render,
sign, or verify any return or to supply any information, who makes any
false or fraudulent return or statement with intent to defeat or evade
the assessment required by this code to be made, shall be punished by a
fine of not exceeding four thousand pesos or by imprisonment for not
exceeding one year, or both.
Section 74. Penalty imposed on corporations which refuse or neglect to
make a return. — If any corporation or duly registered general
co-partnership shall refuse or neglect to make a return at the time or
times hereinbefore specified in each year, or shall render a false or
fraudulent return, such corporation or partnership shall be liable to a
fine of not exceeding twenty thousand pesos.
Section 75. Return of information by
corporations; penalty for failure to keep records of stockholders or
dividends paid. — Every corporation subject to the tax herein imposed,
or otherwise engaged in business or trade within the Philippines, when
required by the Collector of Internal Revenue, shall render a correct
return, duly verified under oath, of its payments of profits or
dividends, whether made in cash or its equivalent or in stock,
including the names and addresses of members or stockholders, the
paid-up capital or the number of shares owned by each, and the tax
years and gains or earnings from which such dividends or profits were
derived, in such form as may be prescribed by the Collector of Internal
Revenue with the approval of the Secretary of Finance.
Any such corporation which fails to keep records of the names and
addresses of its members or stockholders, or the correct amount of
profits or dividends paid or credited to each of them, or which fails
to furnish the information referred to in this section together with
certified copies of its balance sheet, profit and loss statements, and
such other financial statements which may be required by the Collector
of Internal Revenue, shall pay to the Government an amount equal to ten
per centum of the dividends or profits distributed, or, in the absence
of information as to the amount of profits or dividends distributed,
the additional amount herein required to be paid shall be computed on
the net profits or income reported in the income tax returns or shown
in the books of such corporation, firm or association. However,
resident foreign corporations, fifty-one per centum or more of whose
income is derived from sources outside of the Philippines, shall not be
liable to the payment of the amount prescribed in this section.
Section 76. Collection of foreign items. — All persons, corporations, or
duly registered general co-partnerships (companias colectivas)
undertaking for profit or otherwise the collection of foreign payments
of interest or dividends by means of coupons, checks, or bills of
exchange shall obtain license from the Collector of Internal Revenue,
and shall be subject to such regulations enabling the Government to
obtain the information required under this Title, as the Secretary of
Finance shall prescribe; and whoever knowingly undertakes to collect
such payments as aforesaid without having obtained a license therefor,
or without complying with such regulations, shall, for each offense, be
fined in a sum not exceeding ten thousand pesos or imprisoned for a
term not exceeding one year, or both.
Section 77. Information at source as to payments
of one thousand pesos or more. — All persons, corporations, or duly
registered general co-partnerships (companias colectivas), in whatever
capacity acting, including lessees or mortgagors of real or personal
property, trustees acting in any trust capacity, executors,
administrators, receivers, conservators, and employers, making payment
to another person, corporation, or duly registered general
co-partnership (compania colectiva), of interests, rents, salaries,
wages, premiums, annuities, compensations, remunerations, emoluments,
or other fixed or determinable gains, profits, and income, other than
payments described in sections 75 and 79, of one thousand pesos or more
in any taxable year, or, in the case of such payments made by the
Government of the Philippines, the officers or employees of the
Government having information as to such payments and required to make
returns in regard thereto, are authorized and required to render a true
and accurate return to the Collector of Internal Revenue, under such
rules and regulations and in such form and manner as may be prescribed
by the Secretary of Finance, setting forth the amount of such grains,
profits, and income, and the name address of the recipient of such
payment: Provided, That such returns shall be required, regardless of
amounts in the case of payments of interest upon bonds and mortgages or
deeds of trust or other similar obligations of corporations, and in the
case of collections of items, not payable in the Philippines, of
interest upon the bonds of foreign countries and interest from the
bonds and dividends from the stock of foreign corporations by persons,
corporations, or duly registered general co-partnerships (companias
colectivas) undertaking as a matter of business or for profit or
otherwise the collection of foreign payments of such interest or
dividends by means of coupons or bills of exchange.
Section 78. Return of corporation contemplating
dissolution. — Every corporation shall, within thirty days after the
adoption by the corporation of a resolution or plan for the dissolution
of the corporation or for the liquidation of the whole or any part of
its capital stock, render a correct return to the collector of Internal
Revenue, verified under oath, setting forth the terms of such
resolution or plan and such other information as the Secretary of
Finance shall, by regulations, prescribe.
Section 79. Return of information of brokers. —
Every person, corporation, or duly registered general co-partnership
(compania colectiva), doing business as a broker in any exchange or
board of trade or other similar place of business shall, when required
by the Collector of Internal Revenue, render a correct return duly
verified under oath under such regulations as the Secretary of Finance
may prescribe, showing the names of customers for whom such person,
corporation, or duly registered general co-partnership (compania
colectiva), has transacted any business with such details as to the
profits, losses, or other information which the collector may require
as to each of such customers as will enable the Collector of Internal
Revenue to determine whether all income tax due on profits or gains of
such customers has been paid.
Section 80. Returns as to formation, etc., of
foreign corporations. — (a) Requirement. — Under regulations prescribed
by the Secretary of Finance, any attorney, accountant, fiduciary, bank,
trust company, financial institution, or other person who, after the
date of the enactment of this Code, aids, assists, counsels, or advises
in, or with respect to the formation, organization or reorganization of
any foreign corporation, shall, within thirty days thereafter, file
with the Collector of Internal Revenue a return.
(b) Form and contents of return. — Such return shall
be in such form and shall set forth, under oath, in respect of each
such corporation, to the full extent of the information within the
possession or knowledge or under the control of the person required to
file the return, such information as the Secretary of Finance shall
prescribe by regulations as necessary for carrying out the provisions
of this Title. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require
the divulging of privileged communications between attorney and client.
Section 81. Disposition of income tax returns;
publication of lists of persons filing returns and paying taxes. —
After the assessment shall have been made, as provided in this Title,
the returns, together with any corrections thereof which may have been
made by the Collector, shall be filed in the office of the Collector of
Internal Revenue and shall constitute public records and be open to
inspection as such upon the order of the Philippines under rules and
regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Subject to the approval of the Secretary of Finance, the Collector of
Internal Revenue may in each year cause to be prepared and published in
any newspaper or made available to public inspection in such manner as
he may determine, lists containing the names and addresses of persons
who filed income tax returns and/or paid income taxes.
Section 82. Suit to recover tax based on false
or fraudulent returns. — When an assessment is made in case of any
list, statement, or return, which in the opinion of the Collector of
Internal Revenue was false or fraudulent, or contained any
understatement or undervaluation, no tax collected under such
assessment shall be recovered by any suit unless it is proved that the
said list, statement, or return was not false nor fraudulent and did
not contain any understatement or undervaluation; but this provision
shall not apply to statements or returns made or to be made in good
faith regarding annual depreciation of oil or gas wells and mines.
Section 83. Distribution of dividends or assets
by corporations. — (a) Definition of dividends. — The terms "dividends"
when used in this Title means any distribution made by a corporation to
its shareholders out of its earnings or profits accrued since March
first, nineteen hundred and thirteen and payable to its shareholders,
whether in money or other property.
Where a corporation distributes all of its assets in complete
liquidation or dissolution, the gain realized or loss sustained by the
stockholder, whether individual or corporate, is a taxable income or a
deductible loss, as the case may be.
(b) Stock dividend. — A stock dividend representing
the transfer of surplus to capital account shall not be subject to tax.
However, if a corporation cancels or redeems stock issued as a dividend
at such item and in such manner as to make the distribution and
cancellation or redemption, in whole or in part, essentially equivalent
to the distribution of a taxable dividend, the amount so distributed in
redemption or cancellation of the stock shall be considered as taxable
income to the extent that it represents a distribution of earnings or
profits accumulated after March first, nineteen hundred and thirteen.
(c) Dividends distributed are deemed made from most
recently accumulated profits. — Any distribution made to the
shareholders or members of a corporation in the year nineteen hundred
and thirty-nine or subsequent tax years, shall be deemed to have been
made from the most recently accumulated profits or surplus, and shall
constitute a part of the annual income of the distributee for the year
in which received: Provided, That nothing herein shall be construed as
taxing any earnings or profits accrued prior to March first, nineteen
hundred and thirteen, but such earnings or profits may be distributed
in stock dividends or otherwise, exempt from the tax, after the
distribution of earnings and profits accrued since March first,
nineteen hundred and thirteen, has been made.
CHAPTER X
Definitions
Section 84. Definitions. — When used in this
Title —
(a) The term "person" means an individual, a trust,
estate, corporation, or a duly registered general co-partnership.
(b) The term "corporation" includes partnerships, no
matter how created or organized, joint-stock companies, joint accounts
(cuentas en participacion), association or insurance companies, but
does not include duly registered general co-partnerships (companias
colectivas).
(c) The term "domestic," when applied to a
corporation, means created or organized in the Philippines or under its
laws.
(d) The term "foreign," when applied to a
corporation, means a corporation which is not domestic.
(e) The term "resident alien" means an individual
whose residence is within the Philippines and who is not a citizen
thereof.
(f) The term "non-resident alien" means an individual
whose residence is not within the Philippines and who is not a citizen
thereof.
(g) The term "resident foreign corporation" applies
to a foreign corporation engaged in trade or business within the
Philippines or having an office or place of business therein.
(h) The term "non-resident foreign corporation"
applies to a foreign corporation not engaged in trade or business
within the Philippines and not having any office or place of business
therein.
(i) The term "fiduciary" means a guardian, trustee,
executor, administrator, receiver, conservator, or any person acting in
any fiduciary capacity for any person.
(j) The term "withholding agent" means any person
required to deduct and withhold any tax under the provisions of section
53.
(k) The term "stock" includes the share in an
association, joint-stock company, or insurance company.
(l) The term "shareholder" includes a member in an
association, joint-stock company, or insurance company.
(m) The term "taxpayer" means any person subject to
tax imposed by this Title.
(n) The terms "including" and "includes" when used in
a definition contained in this Title shall not be deemed to exclude
other things otherwise within the meaning of the term defined.
(o) The term "taxable year" means the calendar year,
or the fiscal year ending during such calendar year, upon the basis of
which the net income is computed under this Title.
"Taxable year' 'includes, in the case of a return made for a fractional
part of a year under the provisions of this Title, or under regulations
prescribed by the Secretary of Finance, the period for which such
return is made.
(p) The term "fiscal year" means an accounting period
of twelve months ending on the last day of any month other than December
(q) The terms "paid or incurred" and "paid or
accrued" shall be construed according to the method of accounting upon
the basis of which the net income is computed under this Title.
(r) The term "trade or business" includes the
performance of the functions of a public office.
(s) The term "securities" means shares of stock in a
corporation and rights to subscribe for or to receive such shares. The
term includes bonds, debentures, notes, or certificates, or other
evidences of indebtedness, issued by any corporation, including those
issued by a government or political subdivision thereof, with interest
coupons or in registered form.
(t) The term "dealer in securities" means a merchant
of stocks or securities, whether an individual, partnership, or
corporation, with an established place of business, regularly engaged
in the purchase of securities and their re-sale to customers; that is,
one who as a merchant buys securities and sells them to customers with
a view to the gains and profits that may be derived therefrom.
(u) The terms "alien" and "foreign government" shall
be deemed to include the citizens and Government of the United States,
including the political subdivisions thereof; Provided, however, That
citizens of the United States residing in the Philippines shall not be
subject to taxation under this Title as to their incomes derived from
sources within the United States, if it is shown that the tax thereon
has been paid in accordance with the laws of that country.
TITLE III
Estate, Inheritance and Gift Taxes
CHAPTER I
Estate and Inheritance Taxes
Section 85. Rates of estate tax. — There shall
be levied, assessed, collected, and paid upon the transfer of the net
estate of every decedent, whether a resident or non-resident of the
Philippines, a tax equal to the sum of the following percentages of the
value of the net estate determined as provided in sections 88 and 89:
One per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds three
thousand pesos and does not exceed ten thousand pesos;
One and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds ten thousand pesos and does not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Two per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds thirty
thousand pesos and does not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Two and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed eighty thousand pesos;
Three per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds eighty
thousand pesos and does not exceed one-hundred and ten thousand pesos;
Three and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds one hundred and ten thousand pesos and does not exceed one
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Four per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds one
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and
ninety thousand pesos;
Four and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds one hundred and ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed two
hundred and forty thousand pesos:
Five per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds two
hundred and forty thousand pesos and does not exceed two hundred and
ninety thousand pesos:
Five and one-half per centum of the amount by which the estate exceeds
two hundred and ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed three hundred
and fifty thousand pesos;
Six per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed four hundred and
twenty thousand pesos;
Six and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds four hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed five
hundred thousand pesos,
Seven per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds five
hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed six hundred thousand pesos;
Seven and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds six hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed seven hundred
and twenty thousand pesos;
Eight per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds seven
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed eight hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Eight and one half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds eight hundred pesos does not exceed one million pesos;
Nine per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds one
million pesos and does not exceed one million two hundred thousand
pesos;
Nine and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net estate
exceeds one million two hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed one
million five hundred thousand pesos; and
Ten per centum of the amount by which the net estate exceeds one
million five hundred thousand pesos.
The corresponding estate tax pertaining to and payable by every child
or grandchild shall be reduced by five per centum of the said tax.
Section 86. Rates of inheritance tax. — In
addition to the estate tax imposed by section 85, there shall be
levied, assessed, collected and paid an inheritance tax equal to the
sum of the following percentages of the value of the individual share
of each heir or beneficiary in the net estate, after deducting the
amount of the estate tax, of every decedent, whether a resident or
non-resident of the Philippines:
(a) When the surviving spouse, a legitimate,
recognized natural, or adopted child, or legitimate descendant, or
ascendant, or either of the adopting parents is the beneficiary, or the
father or mother who had recognized him as natural child, and in every
case where the beneficiary receives the property exclusively for
educational or charitable purpose, there shall be collected upon the
share which corresponds to each beneficiary in the inventoried property
a tax according to the following schedule:
One per centum of the amount of the share not in excess of ten thousand
pesos;
Two per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds ten thousand
pesos and does not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Three per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds thirty
thousand pesos and does not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Four per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds fifty thousand
pesos and does not exceed eighty thousand pesos;
Five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds eighty
thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos;
Six per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one hundred and
ten thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and fifty thousand
pesos;
Seven per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one hundred
and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and ninety
thousand pesos;
Eight per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one hundred
and ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed two hundred and forty
thousand pesos;
Nine per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds two hundred
and forty thousand pesos and does not exceed two hundred and ninety
thousand pesos;
Ten per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds two hundred and
ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed three hundred and fifty
thousand pesos;
Eleven per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed four hundred and
twenty thousand pesos;
Twelve per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds four hundred
and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed five hundred thousand
pesos;
Thirteen per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds five
hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed six hundred thousand pesos;
Fourteen per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds six
hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed seven hundred and twenty
thousand pesos;
Fifteen per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds seven
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed eight hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Sixteen per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds eight
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed one million pesos;
and
Seventeen per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one
million pesos.
Where the property is received for educational or charitable purposes,
it shall be the duty of the person or persons in charge thereof to
submit from time to time a report of the administration and use of the
property to the Collector of Internal Revenue and within twenty days
after demand therefor has been made by the said Collector.
(b) When a brother or sister, who is a legitimate or
acknowledged natural child or a common father or mother, or both, or
the children of such brother or sister, or any descendant mentioned as
such in the will and not included in the subsection (a) hereof is the
beneficiary, there shall he collected the same tax fixed in said
subsection with an increase of one hundred per centum.
(c) When other relatives within the sixth degree not
included in the two next preceding subsections are beneficiaries, there
shall be collected the same tax fixed in subsection (a) with an
increase of two hundred per centum.
(d) When a relative by affinity within the same
degree as those mentioned in subsection (a) and (b), with the exception
of the surviving spouse, is the beneficiary, there shall be collected
the same tax fixed in subsection (a) with an increase of three hundred
per centum.
(c) When strangers are beneficiaries there shall be
collected upon the share which corresponds to each beneficiary in the
inventoried property a tax according to the following schedule:
Ten per centum of the amount of the share not in excess of ten thousand
pesos;
Twenty per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds ten thousand
pesos and does not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Thirty per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds thirty
thousand pesos and does not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Thirty-five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds fifty
thousand pesos and does not exceed eighty thousand pesos;
Forty per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds eighty
thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos;
Forty-five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one
hundred and ten thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Fifty per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one hundred
and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed one hundred and ninety
thousand pesos;
Fifty-five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one
hundred and ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed two hundred and
forty thousand pesos;
Sixty per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds two hundred
and forty thousand pesos and does not exceed two hundred and ninety
thousand pesos;
Sixty-five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds two
hundred and ninety thousand pesos and does not exceed three hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Sixty-eight per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and does not exceed four hundred and
twenty thousand pesos;
Seventy per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds four
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed five hundred
thousand pesos;
Seventy-one per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds five
hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed six hundred thousand pesos;
Seventy-two per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds six
hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed seven hundred and twenty
thousand pesos;
Seventy-three per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds seven
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and does not exceed eight hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Seventy-five per centum of the amount by which the share exceeds one
million pesos.
For the purposes of this tax, strangers are deemed those relatives by
consanguinity of the seventh or more remote degree in the collateral
line, and all relatives by affinity with the exception of the spouse
and those mentioned in subsection (d) of this section: Provided,
however, That where the beneficiary is a domestic servant, or a trusted
employee, there shall be collected on the first two thousand pesos and
five thousand pesos, respectively, the tax fixed in subsection (a) of
this section, and on the excess, the tax prescribed in this subsection.
In cases of property which by the will of the testator should be
divided among the poor, without the designation of any particular
persons, or which should be disposed of for masses or other pious
works, there shall be collected the tax at the rate fixed in this
subsection upon the total amount of said property.
In case the property is transmitted to the heirs subject to the
usufructuary interest, use, or habitation, or annuity of a third
person, the tax shall be based on the value of the inventoried property
less that of the usufruct, use or habitation, or annuity determined as
hereinafter provided.
Section 87. Rule of taxation when beneficiaries
belong, to different classes. — When diverse persons not included in
the same class or group prescribed in section 86 are beneficiaries,
each share shall be subject to the scale of taxation which corresponds
to the persons taking.
Section 88. Gross estate. — The value of the
gross estate of the decedent shall be determined by including the value
at the time of his death of all property, real or personal, tangible or
intangible, wherever situated, except real property situated outside
the Philippines —
(a) Decedent's interest. — To the extent of the
interest therein of the decedent at the time of his death;
(b) Transfers in contemplation of death. — To the
extent of any interest therein of which the decedent has at any time
made a transfer, by trust or otherwise, in contemplation of or intended
to take effect in possession or enjoyment at or after his death, or of
which he has at any time made a transfer, by trust or otherwise, under
which he has retained for his life or for any period not ascertainable
without reference to his death or for any period which does not in fact
end before his death (1) the possession or enjoyment of, or the right
to the income from the property, or (2) the right, either alone or in
conjunction with any person, to designate the persons who shall possess
or enjoy the property or the income therefrom; except in case of a bona
fide sale for an adequate and full consideration in money or money's
worth. Any transfer of a material part of his property in the nature of
a final disposition or distribution thereof, made by the decedent
within three years prior to his death without such consideration,
shall, unless shown to the contrary, be deemed to have been made in
contemplation of death within the meaning of this Chapter.
(c) Revocable transfers. — (1) To the extent of any
interest therein of which the decedent has at any time made a transfer
(except in case of bona fide sale) for an adequate and full
consideration in money or money's worth; by trust or otherwise, where
the enjoyment thereof was subject at the date of his death to any
change through the exercise of a power (in whatever capacity
exercisable) by the decedent alone or by the decedent in conjunction
with any other person (without regard to when or from what source the
decedent acquired such power, to alter, amend, revoke, or terminate, or
where any such power is relinquished in contemplation of the decedent's
death.
(2) For the purposes of this subsection the power to
alter, amend, or revoke shall be considered to exist on the date of the
decedent's death even though the exercise of the power is subject to a
precedent giving of notice or even though the alteration, amendment, or
revocation takes effect only on the expiration of a stated period after
the exercise of the power, whether or not on or before the date of the
decedent's death notice has been given or the power has been exercised.
In such cases proper adjustment shall be made representing the
interests which would have been excluded from the power if the decedent
had lived, and for such purpose if the notice has not been given or the
power has not been exercised on or before the date of his death, such
notice shall be considered to have been given, or the power exercised,
on the date of his death.
(3) The relinquishment of any such power, not
admitted or shown to have been in contemplation of the decedent's
death, made within three years prior to his death without such
consideration and affecting the interest or interests (whether arising
from one or more transfers or the creation of one or more trusts) of
any one beneficiary mentioned in subsection (a) of section 86, of a
value or aggregate value, at the time of such death, in excess of two
thousand pesos, then, to the extent of such excess, such relinquishment
or relinquishments shall, unless shown to the contrary, be deemed to
have been made in contemplation of death within the meaning of this
Chapter.
(d) Property passing under general power of
appointment. — To the extent of any property passing under a general
power of appointment exercised by the decedent (1) by will, or (2) by
deed executed in contemplation of or intended to take effect in
possession or enjoyment at or after his death, or (3) by deed under
which he has retained for his life or any period not ascertainable
without reference to his death or for any period which does not in fact
end before his death (a) the possession or enjoyment of, or the right
to the income from. the property, or (b) the right, either alone or in
conjunction with any person, to designate the persons who shall possess
or enjoy the property or the income therefrom; except in case of a bona
fide sale for an adequate and full consideration in money or money's
worth.
(e) Proceeds of life insurance. — To the extent of
the amount receivable by the estate of the deceased, his executor, or
administrator as insurance under policies taken out by the decedent
upon his own life, irrespective of whether or not the insured retained
the power of revocation, or to the extent of the amount receivable by
any beneficiary designated in the policy of insurance where the insured
reserved to himself the power to change or revoke the name of the
beneficiary during his lifetime, whether or not he has, during his
lifetime, exercised such power of revocation.
(f) Prior interests. — Except as otherwise
specifically provided therein, subsections (b), (c), and (e) of this
section shall apply to the transfers, trusts, estates, interests,
rights, powers, and relinquishment of powers, as severally enumerated
and described therein, whether made, created, arising, existing,
exercised, or relinquished before or after the enactment of this Code.
(g) Transfer for insufficient consideration. — If any
one of the transfers, trusts, interests, rights, or powers, enumerated
and described in subsections (b), (c) and (d) of this section is made,
created, exercised, or relinquished for a consideration in money or
money's worth, but is not a bona fide sale for an adequate and full
consideration in money or money's worth, there shall be included in the
gross estate only the excess of the fair market value, at the time of
death, of the property otherwise to be included on account of such
transaction over the value of the consideration received therefor by
the decedent.
(h) Capital of the surviving spouse. — The capital of
the surviving spouse of a decedent shall not, for the purpose of this
Chapter, be deemed a part of his or her gross estate.
Section 89. Net estate. — For the purpose of the
taxes imposed in this Chapter the value of the net estate shall be
determined:
(a) In the case of a citizen or resident of the
Philippines, by deducting from the value of the gross estate —
(1) Expenses, losses, indebtedness, and taxes. — Such
amounts —
(A) For funeral expenses which shall, in no case,
exceed five per centum of the gross estate;
(B) For judicial expenses of the testamentary or
intestate proceedings;
(C) For claims against the estate;
(D) For claims of the deceased against insolvent
persons where the value of decedent's interest therein is included in
the value of the gross estate; and
(E) For unpaid mortgages upon, or any decedent's
interest therein, undiminished by such mortgage or indebtedness, is
included in the value of the gross estate, but not including any income
taxes upon income received after the death of the decedent, or property
taxes not accrued before his death, or any estate or inheritance taxes.
The deduction herein allowed in the case of claims against the estate,
unpaid mortgages, or any indebtedness shall, when founded upon a
promise or agreement, be limited to the extent that they were
contracted bona fide and for an adequate and full consideration in
money or money's worth. There shall also be deducted losses incurred
during the settlement of the estate arising from fires, storms,
shipwreck, or other casualties, or from robbery, theft, or
embezzlement, when such losses are not compensated for by insurance or
otherwise, and if at the time of the filing of the return such losses
have not been claimed as a deduction from income tax purposes in an
income tax return.
(2) Property previously taxed. — An amount equal to
the value specified below of any property forming a part of the gross
estate situated in the Philippines of any person who died within five
years prior to the death of the decedent, or transferred to the
decedent by gift within five years prior to his death, where such
property can be identified as having been received by the decedent from
the donor by gift, or from such prior decedent by gift, bequest, devise
or inheritance, or which can be identified as having been acquired in
exchange for property so received:
One hundred per centum of the value if the prior decedent died within
one year prior to the death of the decedent, or if the property was
transferred to him by gift within the same period prior to his death;
Eighty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than one
year but not more than two years prior to the death of the decedent, or
if the property was transferred to him by gift within the same period
to his death;
Sixty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than two
years but not more than three years prior to the death of the decedent,
or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the same
period prior to his death;
Forty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than
three years but not more than four years prior to the death of the
decedent, or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the
same period prior to his death; and
Twenty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than
four years but not more than five years prior to the death of the
decedent, or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the
same period prior to his death.
These deductions shall be allowed only where a gift tax, or estate and
inheritance taxes imposed under this Title were finally determined and
paid by or on behalf of such donor, or the estate of such prior
decedent, as the case may be, and only in the amount finally determined
as the value of such property in determining the value of the gift, or
the gross estate of such prior decedent, and only to the extent that
the value of such property is included in the decedent's gross estate,
and only if in determining the value of the net estate of the prior
decedent no deduction was allowable under paragraph (2) in respect of
the property or property given in exchange therefor. Where a deduction
was allowed of any mortgage or other lien in determining the gift tax,
or the estate and inheritance taxes of the prior decedent, which were
paid in whole or in part prior to the decedent's death then the
deduction allowable under said paragraph shall be reduced by the
amounts so paid. Such deduction allowable shall be reduced by an amount
which bears the same ratio to the amounts allowed as deductions under
paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of this subsection as the amount otherwise
deductible under said paragraph (2) bears to the value of the
decedent's gross estate. Where the property referred to consists of two
or more items the aggregate value of such items shall be used for the
purpose of computing the deduction.
(3) Transfers for public purposes. — The amount of
all bequests, legacies, devises, or transfers, to or for the use of the
Government of the Philippines, or any political subdivision thereof,
for exclusively public purposes. If the taxes imposed by sections 85
and 86 of this Chapter, or any estate, succession, legacy or
inheritance taxes are either by the terms of the will, by the law of
the jurisdiction under which the estate is administered, or by the law
of the jurisdiction imposing the particular tax, payable in whole or in
part out of the bequests, legacies, or devises otherwise deductible
under this paragraph, then the amount deductible shall be the amount of
such bequests, legacies, or devises, reduced by the amount of such
taxes the amount of the deduction under this paragraph for any transfer
shall not exceed the value of the transferred property required to be
included in the gross estate.
(4) Transfers to the surviving spouse and children. —
The amount of all bequests, legacies, devises, or transfers to the
surviving spouse and the legitimate or recognized natural or adopted
children not exceeding three thousand pesos each.
(b) Deductions allowed to non-resident estates. — In
the case of non-resident not a citizen of the Philippines, by deducting
from the value of that part of his gross estate which at the time of
his death is situated in the Philippines —
(1) Expenses, losses, indebtedness, and taxes. — That
proportion of the deductions specified in paragraph (1) of subsection
(a) of this section which the value of such part bears to the value of
his entire gross estate wherever situated;
(2) Property previously taxed. — An amount equal to
the value specified below of any property forming a part of the gross
estate situated in the Philippines of any person who died within five
years prior to the death of the decedent, or transferred to the
decedent by gift within five years prior to his death, where such
property can be identified as having been received by the decedent from
the donor by gift, or from such prior decedent by gift, bequest,
devise, or inheritance, or which can be identified as having been
acquired in exchange for property so received:
One hundred per centum of the value if the prior decedent died within
one year prior to the death of the decedent, or if the property was
transferred to him by gift within the same period prior to his death;
Eighty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than one
year but not more than two years prior to the death of the decedent, or
if the property was transferred to him by gift within the same period
prior to his death;
Sixty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than two
years but not more than three years prior to the death of the decedent,
or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the same
period prior his death;
Forty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than
three years but not more than four years prior to the death of the
decedent, or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the
same period prior to his death; and
Twenty per centum of the value if the prior decedent died more than
four years but not more than five years prior to death of the decedent,
or if the property was transferred to him by gift within the same
period prior to his death.
These deductions shall be allowed only where a gift tax, or estate and
inheritance taxes imposed under this Title were finally determined and
paid by or on behalf of such donor, or the estate of such prior
decedent, as the case may be, and only in the amount finally determined
as the value of such property in determining the value of the gift, or
the gross estate of such prior decedent, and only to the extent that
the value of such property is included in that part of the decedent's
gross estate which at the time of his death is situated in the
Philippines, and only if in determining the value of the net estate of
the prior decedent no deduction was allowable under paragraph (2) of
subsection (b) of this section in respect of the property or properties
given in exchange therefor. Where a deduction was allowed of any
mortgage or other lien in determining the gift tax, or the estate and
inheritance taxes of the prior decedent, which were paid in whole or in
part prior to the decedent's death, then the deduction allowable under
said paragraph shall be reduced by the amounts so paid. Such deduction
allowable shall be reduced by an amount which bears the same ratio to
the amounts allowed as deductions under paragraphs (1) and (3) of this
subsection as the amount otherwise deductible under paragraph (2) bears
to the value of that part of the decedent's gross estate which at the
time of his death is situated in the Philippines. Where the property
referred to consists of two or more items the aggregate value of such
terms shall be used for the purpose of computing the deduction.
(3) Transfer for public use. — The amount of all
bequests, legacies, devises, or transfers to or for the use of the
Government of the Philippines, or any political subdivision thereof for
exclusively public purposes. If the taxes imposed by sections 85 and 86
of this Chapter, or any estate, succession, legacy, or inheritance
taxes are, either by the terms of the will, by the law of the
jurisdiction under which the estate is administered, or by the law of
the jurisdiction imposing the particular tax, payable in whole or in
part out of the bequests, legacies, or devises, otherwise deductible
under this paragraph, then the amount deductible shall be the amount of
such bequests, legacies, or devises reduced by the amount of such
taxes. The amount of the deduction for any transfer shall not exceed
the value of the transferred property required to be included in the
gross estate.
(c) Share in the conjugal property. — The net share
of the surviving spouse in the conjugal partnership property as
diminished by the obligations properly chargeable to such property
shall, for the purpose of this section, be deducted from the net estate
of the decedent.
(d) Miscellaneous provisions. — (1) No deductions
shall be allowed in the case of a non-resident not a citizen of the
Philippines unless the executor, administrator or anyone of the heirs,
as the case may be, includes in the return required to be filed under
section 93 the value at the time of his death of that part of the gross
estate of the non-resident not situated in the Philippines.
(2) For the purpose of this Chapter, stock in a
domestic corporation owned and held by a non-resident not a citizen of
the Philippines shall be deemed property within the Philippines, and
any property of which the decedent has made a transfer by trust or
otherwise, within the meaning of subsection (b) or (c) of section 83 of
this Chapter, shall be deemed to be situated in the Philippines if so
situated either at the time of the transfer or at the time of the
decedent's death.
Section 90. Exemption of certain acquisitions
and transmissions. — The following shall not be taxed:
(a) The merger of usufruct in the owner of the naked
title.
(b) The transmission or delivery of the inheritance
or legacy by the fiduciary heir or legatee to the fideicommissary.
(c) The transmission from the first heir, legatee, or
donee in favor of another beneficiary, in accordance with the desire of
the predecessor.
In the last two cases, if the scale of taxation appropriate to the new
beneficiary is greater than that paid by the first, the former must pay
the difference.
Section 91. Determination of value of usufructs,
annuities, and other property. — In order to determine the value of the
right of usufruct, use or habitation, as well as that of annuity, there
shall be taken into account the probable life of the beneficiary in
accordance with the American Tropical Experience Table, calculated at
eight per centum annual interest.
The estate shall be appraised at its fair market value as of the time
of death, or as of six months thereafter, at the election of the
executor or administrator in the case of the estate tax or the heirs in
the case of inheritance tax. However, for the purpose of determining
the value of real property, the assessed value as of the time of death,
or, at the election of the executor, administrator or the heirs, as of
six months after death, as shown by the tax rolls shall be considered
as the fair market value, unless the contrary is shown.
In order to determine the tax which should be paid by the beneficiary
of a legacy of education referred to in article 879 of the Civil Code,
when the legacy consists of profits, interests, or dividends derived
from any property, the legatee should be considered as a usufructuary
until he becomes of legal age.
In case a legacy of usufruct is made in favor of a juridical person,
the legatee shall pay seventy-five per centum of the tax and the
remaining twenty-five per centum shall be paid by the owner of the
naked title of the property.
Section 92. Notice of death to be filed. — In
all cases of inheritance or transfer subject to tax, or where, though
exempt from tax, the gross value of the estate exceeds three thousand
pesos, the executor, administrator, or the heirs, as the case may be,
within two months after the decedent's death, or within a like period
after qualifying as such executor or administrator, shall give a
written notice thereof to the Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 93. Returns.
(a) Requirements. — In all cases of inheritance or
transfers subject to either the estate tax or the inheritance tax, or
both, or where, though exempt from both taxes, the gross value of the
estate exceeds three thousand pesos, the executor, administrator, or
anyone of the heirs, as the case may be, shall file a return under oath
in duplicate, setting forth (1) the value of the gross estate of the
decedent at the time of his death, or, in case of a non-resident not a
citizen of the of the Philippines, of that part of his gross estate
situated in the Philippines; (2) the deductions allowed from gross
estate in determining net estate as defined in section 89; (3) such
part of such information as may at the time be ascertainable and such
supplemental data as may be necessary to establish the correct taxes.
(b) Time for filing. — For the purpose of determining
both the estate and inheritance taxes provided for in sections 85 and
86 of this Chapter, the return required under the preceding subsection
(a) shall be filed within six months after the decedent's death; but if
judicial testamentary or intestate proceedings shall be instituted for
the settlement of the decedent's state prior to the expiration of said
period, the return must be filed within twelve months after the
decedent's death.
A certified copy of the schedule of partition and the order of the
court approving the same shall be furnished the Collector of Internal
Revenue by the clerk of court within thirty days after the promulgation
of such order.
(c) Extension of time. — The Collector of Internal
Revenue shall have authority to grant, in meritorious cases, a
reasonable extension not exceeding thirty days for filing the return.
(d) Place for filing. — The return required under
subsection (a) shall be filed with the Collector of Internal Revenue,
provincial revenue agent, or with the treasurer of the province, city,
or municipality in which the decedent was domiciled at the time of his
death.
Section 94. Where no return, or a false or
fraudulent return filed. — In case the executor, administrator, or any
heir fails to file a return at the time prescribed above, or makes,
willfully or otherwise, a false or fraudulent return, the Collector of
Internal Revenue shall make the return from his own knowledge and from
such information as he can obtain through testimony or otherwise. In
any such case, the Collector of Internal Revenue may make a return or
amend any return and any return so made shall be prima facie good and
sufficient for all legal purposes.
Section 95. Payment of tax.
(a) Time of payment.
(1) General rule. — The estate and inheritance taxes
imposed by sections 85 and 86 shall be due and payable within nine
months and twelve months, respectively, after the decedent's death and
shall be paid by the executor, administrator, or the heirs, as the case
may be, to the Collector of Internal Revenue or to the treasurer of the
province, city, or municipality in which the decedent was domiciled at
the time of his death.
(2) Exception. — In case judicial testamentary or
intestate proceedings shall be instituted for the settlement of the
decedent's estate prior to the expiration of six months after his
death, the estate and inheritance taxes shall be due and payable within
twenty-one months and twenty-four months, respectively, after the
decedent's death.
(b) Extension of time. — When the Collector of
Internal Revenue finds that the payment on the due date of the estate
or inheritance taxes or of any part of the said amounts would impose
undue hardship upon the estate or any of the heirs, he may extend the
time for payment of such taxes or any part thereof not to exceed five
years in case the estate is settled through the court or two years in
case the estate is settled extra-judicially. In such case the amount in
respect of which the extension is granted shall be paid on or before
the date of the expiration of the period of the extension, and the
running of the statute or limitations for assessment as provided in
section 331 of this Code shall be suspended for the period of any such
extension.
Where the taxes are assessed by reason of negligence, intentional
disregard of rules and regulations, or fraud on the part of the
taxpayer, no extension will be granted by the Collector.
If an extension is granted, the Collector of Internal Revenue may
require the executor, or administrator, or the beneficiary, as the case
may be, to furnish a bond in such amount, not exceeding double the
amount of the taxes and with such sureties as the Collector deems
necessary, conditioned upon the payment of the said taxes in accordance
with the terms of the extension.
(c) Liability for payment. — The estate tax imposed
by section 85 shall be paid by the executor or administrator before
delivering to any beneficiary his distributive share of the estate. For
the purpose of this Chapter, the term "executor" or "administrator"
means the executor or administrator of the decedent, or, if there is no
executor or administrator appointed, qualified, and acting within the
Philippines, then any person in actual or constructive possession of
any property of the decedent.
The inheritance tax imposed by section 86 shall, in the absence of
contrary disposition by the predecessor, be charged to the account of
each beneficiary, in proportion to the value of the benefit received,
and in accordance with the scale fixed for the class or group to which
he pertains: Provided, That in cases where the heirs divide
extra-judicially the property left to them by their predecessor or
otherwise convey, sell, transfer, mortgage, or encumber the same
without paying the estate or inheritance taxes within the period
prescribed in the preceding subsections (a) and (b), they shall be
solidarily liable for the payment of the said taxes to the extent of
the estate they have received.
Section 96. Examination of return and
determination of tax. —As soon as practicable, after the return is
filed the Collector of Internal Revenue shall examine it and shall
determine the correct amount of the taxes due thereon.
Section 97. Discharge of executor or
administrator from personal liability. — If the executor or
administrator makes written application to the Collector of Internal
Revenue for determination of the amount of the estate tax and discharge
from personal liability therefor, the Collector of Internal Revenue, as
soon as possible, and in any event within one year after the making of
such application, or, if the application is made before the return is
filed, then within one year after the return is filed, but not after
the expiration of the period prescribed for the assessment of the tax
in section 331, shall notify the executor or administrator of the
amount of the tax. The executor or administrator, upon payment of the
amount of which he is notified, shall be discharged from personal
liability for any deficiency in the tax thereafter found to be due and
shall be entitled to a receipt or writing showing such discharge.
Section 98. Definition of deficiency. — As used
in this Chapter, the term "deficiency" means:
(a) The amount by which the taxes imposed by this
Chapter exceed the amount shown as the taxes by the executor,
administrator or any of the heirs upon his return but the amount so
shown on the return shall first be increased by the amounts previously
assessed (or collected without assessment) as a deficiency and
decreased by the amounts previously abated, refunded, or otherwise
repaid in respect of such taxes; or
(b) If no amount is shown as the taxes by the
executor, administrator or any of the heirs upon his return or if no
return is made by the executor, administrator, or any heir, then the
amount by which the taxes exceed the amounts previously assessed (or
collected without assessment) as a deficiency; but such amounts
previously assessed, or collected without assessment, shall first be
decreased by the amounts previously abated, refunded, or otherwise
repaid in respect of such taxes.
Section 99. Interest on extended payment. — (a)
Tax shown on the return. — If the time for the payment of either the
estate tax or the inheritance tax or any part thereof is extended as
provided in subsection (b) of section 95, there shall be collected, as
a part of such amount, interest thereon at the rate of six per centum
per annum from the day following the due date of the taxes to the
expiration of the period of the extension.
(b) Deficiency. — In case an extension for the
payment of a deficiency is granted, there shall be collected, as a part
of the tax, interest on the part of the deficiency the time for the
payment of which is so extended, at the rate of six per centum per
annum for the period of the extension.
Section 100. Interest on deficiency. — Interest upon the amount
determined as a deficiency shall be assessed at the same time as
deficiency, shall be paid upon notice and demand from the Collector of
Internal Revenue, and shall be collected as a part of the tax, at the
rate of six per centum per annum from the due date of the tax to the
date the deficiency is assessed.
Section 101. Additions to the tax in case of non-payment. — (a) Tax
shown on the return.
(1) Payment not extended.-Where the amount of the
taxes imposed by this Chapter, or any part of such amount is not paid
on the due date of the taxes, there shall be collected as a part of the
taxes, interest upon such unpaid amount at the rate of one per centum a
month from the due date until it is paid.
(2) Payment extended.-Where an extension of time for
payment of the amount of the taxes has been granted, and the amount,
the time for the payment of which has been extended, and the interest
thereon determined under subsection (a) of section 99, is not paid in
full prior to the expiration of the period of the extension, interest
at the rate of one per centum a month shall be collected on such unpaid
amount from the date when the same was originally due until it is paid.
(b) Deficiency.
(1) Payment not extended. — Where a deficiency, or
any interest assessed in connection therewith under section 100, or any
addition to the taxes provided for in section 102 is not paid in full
within thirty days from the date of the notice and demand from the
Collector, there shall be collected as part of the taxes, interest upon
the unpaid amount at the rate of one per centum a month from the date
of such notice and demand until it is paid.
(2) Payment extended. — If the part of the deficiency
the time for payment of which is extended is not paid in accordance
with the terms of the extension, there shall be collected, as a part of
the taxes, interest on such unpaid amount at the rate of one per centum
a month from the date the same was originally due until it is paid.
(c) Surcharge. — If any amount of the taxes included
in the notice and demand from the Collector of Internal Revenue is not
paid in full within thirty days after such notice and demand, there
shall be collected in addition to the interest prescribed herein and in
sections 99 and 100 and as part of the taxes a surcharge of five per
centum of the unpaid amount.
Section 102. Ad valorem penalties. — In case of any failure to make and
file a return within the time prescribed by law or by the Collector of
Internal Revenue, the Collector shall add to the tax twenty-five per
centum of its amount, except that, when a return is voluntarily and
without notice from the Collector filed after such time, and it is
shown that the failure to file it was due to a reasonable cause, no
such addition shall be made to the tax. In case a false or fraudulent
return is made, the Collector of Internal Revenue shall add to the tax
or to the deficiency tax, in case any payment has been made on the
basis of such return before the discovery of the falsity or fraud, a
surcharge of fifty per centum of its amount. The amount so added to any
tax shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner and as
part of the tax unless the tax has been paid before the discovery of
the neglect, falsity, or fraud, in which case the amount so added shall
be collected in the same manner as the tax.
Section 103. Payment before delivery by executor or administrator. — No
judge shall authorize the executor or judicial administrator to deliver
a distributive share to any party interested in the estate unless it
shall appear that the estate tax has been paid.
Section 104. Duties of certain officers and debtors. — Registers of
deeds shall not register in the registry of property any document
transferring real property or real rights therein or any chattel
mortgage, by way of gifts inter vivos or mortis causa, legacy or
inheritance, unless the payment of the taxes fixed in this Title and
actually due thereon shall be shown. And they shall immediately notify
the Collector of Internal Revenue or the corresponding provincial or
city treasurer of the non-payment of the tax discovered by them. Any
lawyer, notary public, or any Government officer who, by reason of his
official duties, intervenes in the preparation or acknowledgment of
documents regarding partition or disposal of donation inter vivos or
mortis causa, legacy or inheritance, shall have the duty of furnishing
the Collector of Internal Revenue or the provincial or city treasurer
of the place where he may have his principal office, with copies of
such documents and any information whatsoever which may facilitate the
collection of the aforementioned tax. Neither shall a debtor of a
deceased pay his debts to the heirs, legatees, executor, or
administrator of his creditor, unless the payment of the tax fixed in
this Chapter shall be shown; but he may pay the executor or judicial
administrator without said requirement if the credit is included in the
inventory of the estate of the deceased.
Section 105. Restitution of tax upon satisfaction of outstanding
obligations. — If, after the payment of the taxes, new obligations of
the testator shall appear, and the persons interested shall have
satisfied them by order of the court, they shall have a right to the
restitution of the proportional parts of the taxes paid.
Section 106. Payment of tax antecedent to the transfer of shares, bonds,
or rights. — There shall not be transferred to any new owner in the
books of any corporation, sociedad anonima, partnership, business, or
industry organized or established in the Philippines, any shares,
obligations, bonds, or rights by way of gift inter vivos or mortis
causa, legacy, or inheritance unless it is shown that the taxes fixed
in this Title and due thereon have been paid.
Section 107. Specific penalties. — (a) Any person required under this
Chapter or regulations made under authority thereof to pay the tax,
make a return, keep any records, or supply any information, for the
purposes of the computation, assessment, or collection of any tax
imposed by this Chapter, who fails to pay such tax, make such return,
keep such records, or supply such information, at the time or times
required by this Chapter or regulations, shall, in addition to other
penalties provided herein, be fined not more than two thousand pesos or
imprisoned for not more than six months, or both.
(b) Any person required under this Chapter to make,
render, sign, or verify any return, or to supply any information, who
makes any false or fraudulent return or statement with intent to defeat
or evade the assessment required by this Chapter to be made, in
addition to other penalties provided herein, be fined not more than
four thousand pesos or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
(c) Any executor or administrator who shall deliver
or distribute to an heir, legatee, devisee, donee, or beneficiary any
real or personal property, credit, right, or franchise, and any
officer, manager or employee of any corporation, firm or association,
sociedad anonima, partnership, business or industry who transfers in
its books to any new owner any share, obligation, bond, or right,
pertaining to an estate or inheritance subject to the taxes imposed in
this Chapter without their payment being shown, shall be fined not more
than five thousand pesos or imprisoned for not more than one year, or
both.
(d) Any administrator, executor, donee, legatee, or
heir who conceals any goods, rights, credits, or transfers subject to
the taxes imposed in this Chapter shall be punished by a fine of not
less than twenty-five per centum of the value of that which he may have
concealed, not more than said value, or by imprisonment for not more
than one year, or both.
(d) Any administrator, executor, donee, legatee, or
heir who conceals any goods, rights, credits, or transfers subject to
the taxes imposed in this Chapter shall be punished by a fine of not
less than twenty-five per centum of the value of that which he may have
concealed, nor more than said value, or by imprisonment for not more
than one year, or both.
CHAPTER II
Gift Tax
Section 108. Imposition of tax. — (a) There shall be levied, assessed,
collected, and paid upon the transfer by any individual, resident or
non-resident, of property by gift, a tax, computed as provided in
section 109.
(b) The tax shall apply whether the transfer is in
trust or otherwise, whether the gift is direct or indirect, and whether
the property is real or personal, tangible or intangible.
Section 109. Rates of tax payable by donor. — The tax for each calendar
year shall be an amount equal to the excess of a tax, computed in
accordance with the rate schedule hereinafter set forth, on the
aggregate sum of the net gifts for such calendar year and for each of
the preceding calendar years, over a tax, computed in accordance with
the rate schedule, on the aggregate sum of the net gifts for each of
the preceding calendar years.
Rate Schedule
Three-fourths of one per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed three thousand pesos and do not exceed ten thousand pesos;
One and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed ten thousand pesos and do not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
One and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed
thirty thousand pesos and do not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
One and seven-eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed fifty thousand and do not exceed eighty thousand pesos;
Two and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed eighty thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred and ten
thousand pesos;
Two and five-eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred
and fifty thousand pesos;
Three per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed one
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred and
ninety thousand pesos;
Three and three eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one hundred and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed two
hundred and forty thousand pesos;
Three and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed two hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed two
hundred and ninety thousand pesos;
Four and one-eighth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed two hundred and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Four and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed three hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed four
hundred and twenty thousand pesos;
Four and seven-eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed four hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed five
hundred thousand pesos;
Five and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed five hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed six hundred
thousand pesos;
Five and five-eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed six hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed seven hundred and
twenty thousand pesos;
Six per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed seven
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed eight hundred and
fifty thousand pesos;
Six and three-eighths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed eight hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed one
million pesos;
Six and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one million pesos and do not exceed one million and two hundred
thousand pesos;
Seven and one-eight per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one million and two hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed one
million and five hundred thousand pesos; and
Seven and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one million and five hundred thousand pesos.
Section 110. Rates of tax payable by donee. — In addition to the gift
tax imposed under the preceding section, there shall be levied a tax in
the amount equal to the excess of a tax, computed in accordance with
the rate schedule hereinafter set forth, on the aggregate sum of the
net gifts received by each donee for such calendar year and for each of
the preceding calendar years, over a tax, computed in accordance with
the rate schedule, on the aggregate sum of the net gifts for each of
the preceding years received by each donee.
Rate Schedule
(a) When the donee or beneficiary is a spouse, a
legitimate, recognized natural or adopted child, or a legitimate
descendant or ascendant, or either of the adopting parents of the
donor, or the father or mother who had recognized such donor as a
natural child, and in every case where the donee receives the property
exclusively for educational or charitable purposes, there shall be
collected from the donee upon the gifts received by him a tax equal to
the sum of the following:
Three-fourths of one per centum upon the first ten thousand pesos;
One and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed
ten thousand pesos and do not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Two and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed thirty thousand pesos and do not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Three per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed fifty
thousand pesos and do not exceed eighty thousand pesos;
Three and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed eighty thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred and ten
thousand pesos;
Four and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred
and fifty thousand pesos;
Five and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed one hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed one
hundred and ninety thousand pesos;
Six per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed one hundred
and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed two hundred and forty
thousand pesos;
Six and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed two hundred and forty thousand pesos and do not exceed two
hundred and ninety thousand pesos;
Seven and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed two hundred and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Eight and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed three hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed four
hundred and twenty thousand pesos;
Nine per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed four
hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed five hundred
thousand pesos;
Nine and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed five hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed six hundred
thousand pesos;
Ten and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed
six hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed seven hundred and twenty
thousand pesos;
Eleven and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed seven hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed eight
hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Twelve per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed eight
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed one million pesos;
and
Twelve and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed one million pesos.
Where the property is received for educational or charitable purposes,
it shall be the duty of the person or persons in charge thereof to
submit from time to time a report of the administration and use of the
property to the Collector of Internal Revenue and within twenty days
after demand therefor has been made by the said Collector.
(b) When the donee or beneficiary is a brother or
sister who is a legitimate or acknowledged natural child of a common
father or mother, or both, of the donor, or the children of such
brother or sister, or any descendant mentioned as such in the deed and
not included in subsection (a) hereof, there shall be collected the
same tax fixed in said subsection with an increase of one hundred per
centum.
(c) When the donee or beneficiary is a relative
within the sixth degree and not included in subsection (a) and (b),
there shall be collected the same tax fixed in subsection (a) with an
increase of two hundred per centum.
(d) When the donee or beneficiary is a relative by
affinity within the same degree as those mentioned in subsections (a)
and (b), with the exception of the spouse, there shall be collected the
same tax fixed in subsection (a) with an increase of three hundred per
centum.
(e) When the donee or beneficiary is a stranger,
there shall be collected from the donee upon the net gifts received by
him a tax equal to the sum of the following:
Seven and one-half per centum upon the first ten thousand pesos;
Fifteen per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed ten
thousand pesos and do not exceed thirty thousand pesos;
Twenty-two and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed thirty thousand pesos and do not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Twenty-six and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed eighty thousand
pesos;
Thirty per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed eighty
thousand pesos and do not exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos;
Thirty-three and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the
net gifts exceed one hundred and ten thousand pesos and do not exceed
one hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Thirty-seven and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed one hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Forty-one and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed one hundred and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed
two hundred and forty thousand pesos;
Forty-five per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed two
hundred and forty thousand pesos and do not exceed two hundred and
ninety thousand pesos;
Forty-eight and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed two hundred and ninety thousand pesos and do not exceed
three hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Fifty-one per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed three
hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed four hundred and
twenty thousand pesos;
Fifty-two and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed four hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed five
hundred thousand pesos;
Fifty three and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed five hundred thousand pesos do not exceed six hundred
thousand pesos;
Fifty-four per centum of the amount by which the net gifts exceed six
hundred thousand pesos and do not exceed seven hundred and twenty
thousand pesos;
Fifty-four and three-fourths per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed seven hundred and twenty thousand pesos and do not exceed
eight hundred and fifty thousand pesos;
Fifty-five and one-half per centum of the amount by which the net gifts
exceed eight hundred and fifty thousand pesos and do not exceed one
million pesos; and
Fifty-six and one-fourth per centum of the amount by which the net
gifts exceed one million pesos.
For the purpose of this tax, strangers are deemed those relatives by
consanguinity of the seventh or more remote degree in the collateral
line, and all relatives by affinity not included in subsection (a) and
(d): Provided, however, That where the beneficiary is a domestic
servant or a trusted employee, there shall be collected on the first
two thousand pesos and five thousand pesos, respectively, the tax fixed
in subsection (a) of this section and, on the excess, the tax
prescribed in this subsection. In cases of property which by the desire
of the donor should be divided among the poor, without the designation
of any particular person or which should be disposed of for masses or
other pious works, there shall be collected from the donee the tax at
the rate fixed in this subsection upon the total aggregate amount of
such gifts.
In case the property donated is subject to the usufructuary interest,
use or habitation or annuity of a third person, the tax shall be based
on the value of the net gifts less that of the usufruct, use or
habitation or annuity determined in accordance with the provisions of
section 91.
Section 111. Transfer for less than adequate and full consideration. —
Where property is transferred for less than an adequate and full
consideration in money or money's worth, then the amount by which the
value of the property exceeded the value of the consideration shall,
for the purpose of the tax imposed by this Chapter, be deemed a gift,
and shall be included in computing the amount of gifts made during the
calendar year.
Section 112. Exemption of certain gifts. — The following gifts or
donations shall be exempt from the tax provided for in this Chapter:
(a) In the case of gifts made by a resident:
(1) Gifts made in favor of the spouse and the
legitimate, recognized natural, or adopted children where the aggregate
value of such gifts in any one year to any one donee does not exceed
two thousand pesos.
(2) Dowries or gifts made on account of marriage and
before its celebration or within one year thereafter by the parents to
each of their legitimate, recognized natural, or adopted children to
the extent of the first ten thousand pesos.
(3) Gifts made in favor of persons other than the
spouse and the legitimate, recognized natural, or adopted children to
the extent of the first one thousand pesos a year, or five per centum
of the net income of the donor during the preceding year, whichever is
the greater, but in no case shall the amount of exemption allowed under
this paragraph exceed five thousand pesos.
(4) Gifts made to or for the use of the National
Government or any entity created by any of its agencies which is not
conducted for profit, or to any political subdivision of the said
Government.
(b) In the case of gifts made by a non-resident not a
citizen of the Philippines:
Gifts made to or for the use of the National Government or any entity
created by any of its agencies which is not conducted for profit, or to
any political subdivision of the said Government.
Section 113. Valuation of gifts made in property. — If the gift is made
in property, the fair market value thereof at the time of the gift
shall be considered the amount of the gift: Provided, That in case of
real property, the assessed value in the year of the gift as shown in
the tax rolls shall be considered as the fair market value, unless the
contrary is shown.
Section 114. Notice of donation to be filed. — In all cases of donations
valued at ten thousand pesos or more, the donor shall, within thirty
days after the donation, give a written notice thereof to the Collector
of Internal Revenue stating the value of the gifts, the name of the
donee and the relation of the donor to the donee. For the purpose of
this section, the date of execution of the deed or, in case no deed is
executed, the date of the delivery of the thing donated or, in case
acceptance is required for the validity of the gifts, the date of
acceptance shall be deemed to be the date of the transfer.
Section 115. Returns.
(a) Return by donor. — Any individual who after the
approval of this Code or in any calendar year thereafter makes any
transfer by gift (except those which under section 112 are exempt from
tax shall, for the purpose of the tax prescribed in section 109, make
return under oath in duplicate. The return shall set forth (1) each
gift made during the calendar year which is to be included in computing
net gifts; (2) the deductions claimed and allowable; (3) the net gifts
for each of the preceding calendar years; (4) the name of the donee and
his relation to the donor; and (5) such further information as may be
required by regulations made pursuant to law.
(b) Return by donee. — Any donee who after the
approval of this Code or in any calendar year thereafter receives any
transfer by gift (except those which under section 112 are exempt from
tax) shall, for the purpose of the tax prescribed in section 110, make
a return under oath in duplicate. The return shall set forth (1) each
gift received during the calendar year which is to be included in
computing net gifts; (2) the deduction claimed and allowable; (3) the
net gifts for each of the preceding calendar years; (4) the name of the
donor and his relation to the donee; and (5) such further information
as may be required by regulations made pursuant to law. The donee shall
file a separate return for gifts received from each donor.
(c) Time and place of filing. — The return of the
donor or the donee required in this section shall be filed on or before
the first day of March following the close of the calendar year with
the Collector of Internal Revenue, provincial revenue agent, or with
the treasurer of the province, city, or municipality in which the donor
or the donee was domiciled at the time of the transfer.
(d) Extension for filing. — The Collector of Internal
Revenue shall have authority to grant, in meritorious cases, a
reasonable extension not exceeding thirty days for filing returns
required of the donor or the donee.
Section 116. Payment of Tax.
(a) Time of payment of tax. — The gifts taxes imposed
by sections 109 and 110 of this Chapter shall be due and payable on or
before the first day of March following the close of the calendar year
and shall be paid by the donor or the donee, as the case may be, to the
Collector of Internal Revenue or to the treasurer of the province, city
or municipality of which the donor or the donee is a resident.
(b) Extension of time. — When the Collector of
Internal Revenue finds that the payment on the due date of the gift
taxes or of any part of the said amounts would impose undue hardship
upon the donor or the donee, the Collector of Internal Revenue may
extend the time for payment of any such part not to exceed six months
from the date prescribed for the payment of the tax. In such case the
amount in respect of which the extension is granted shall be paid on or
before the date of the expiration of the period of the extension.
Where the taxes are assessed by reason of negligence intentional
disregard of rules and regulations, or fraud on the part of taxpayer,
no extension will be granted by the Collector.
If an extension is granted, the Collector of Internal Revenue may
require the donor or donee, as the case may be, to furnish a bond in
such amount, not exceeding double the amount of the taxes and with such
sureties as the Collector deems necessary, conditioned upon the payment
of the said taxes in accordance with the terms of the extension.
(c) Voluntary payment. — The tax imposed by this
Chapter may be paid, at the election of the donor or the donee, prior
to the date prescribed for its payment.
Section 117. Examination of return and determination of tax. — As soon
as practicable, after return is filed, the Collector of Internal
Revenue shall examine it and shall determine the correct amount of the
gift taxes.
Section 118. Interest on extended payments.
(a) Tax shown on the return. — If the time for the
payment of the amount determined as the taxes by the donor or by the
donee is extended under the authority of subsection (b) of section 116,
there shall be collected, as part of such amounts, interest thereon at
the rate of six per centum per annum from the date when such payment
should have been made if no extension had been granted, until the
expiration of the period of the extension.
(b) Deficiency. — In case an extension for the
payment of a deficiency is granted, there shall be collected, as a part
of the taxes, interest on the part of the deficiency the time for
payment of which is so extended, at the rate of six per centum per
annum for the period of the extension.
Section 119. Additions to the tax in case of non-payment.
(a) Tax shown on the return.
(1) Payment not extended. — Where the amount of the
taxes determined by the donor or the donee as the taxes or any part of
such amount is not paid on the due date of the taxes, there shall be
collected as a part of the taxes, interest upon such unpaid amount at
the rate of one per centum a month from the due date until is paid.
(2) Payment extended. — Where an extension of time
for payment of the amount so determined as the tax by the donor or the
donee has been granted, and the amount the time for the payment of
which has been extended, and the interest thereon determined under
subsection (a) of section 118 is not paid in full prior to the
expiration of the period of the extension, interest at the rate of one
per centum a month shall be collected on such unpaid amount from the
date when the same was originally due until it is paid.
(b) Deficiency.
(1) Payment not extended. — Where a deficiency, or
any interest assessed in connection therewith, or any addition to the
taxes provided for in section 120 is not paid in full within thirty
days from the date of the notice and demand from the Collector, there
shall be collected as a part of the taxes, interest upon the unpaid
amount at the rate of one per centum a month from the date of such
notice and demand until it is paid.
(2) Payment extended. — If the part of the deficiency
the time for payment of which is extended is not paid in accordance
with the terms of the extension, there shall be collected, as a part of
the taxes, interest on such unpaid amount at the rate of one per centum
a month from the date the same was originally due until it is paid.
(c) Surcharge. — If any amount of the taxes included
in the notice and demand from the Collector of Internal Revenue is not
paid in full within thirty days after such notice and demand, there
shall be collected in addition to the interest prescribed above and as
a part of the taxes a surcharge of five per centum of the unpaid amount.
Section 120. Ad valorem penalties. — In case of any failure to make and
file a return within the time prescribed in subsection (c) of section
115 or by the Collector of Internal Revenue, there shall be added to
the tax twenty-five per centum of its amount, except that, when a
return is voluntarily and without notice from the Collector filed after
such time, and it is shown that the failure to file it was due to a
reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, no such addition shall be
made to the tax. In case a false or fraudulent return is willfully
made, there shall be added to the tax or to the deficiency tax, in case
any payment has been made on the basis of such return before the
discovery of the falsity or fraud, a surcharge of fifty per centum of
its amount. The amount so added to any tax shall be collected at the
same time and in the same manner and as a part of the tax unless the
tax has been paid before the discovery of the neglect, falsity, or
fraud, in which case the amount so added shall be collected in the same
manner as the tax.
Section 121. Specific penalties. — (a) Any person required under this
Chapter to pay any tax, or required by law or regulations made under
authority thereof to make a return, keep any records, or supply any
information for the purpose of the computation, assessment, or
collection of any tax imposed by this Chapter, who fails to pay such
tax, make such return, keep such records, or supply such information,
at the time or times required by law or regulations, shall, in addition
to other penalties provided for in this Chapter, be fined not more than
two thousand pesos or imprisoned for not more than six months, or both.
(b) Any person who attempts in any manner to evade or
defeat any tax imposed by this Chapter, or the payment thereof, or who
transfers fictitiously by sale or otherwise any property to evade or
defeat the purpose of this Chapter, shall, in addition to other
penalties, be punished by a fine of not more than four thousand pesos
or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
Section 122. Definitions. — For the purposes of this Title, the terms
"gross estate" and "gift" include real estate and tangible personal
property, or mixed, physically located in the Philippines; franchise
which must be exercised in the Philippines; shares, obligations, or
bonds issued by any corporation or sociedad anonima organized or
constituted in the Philippines in accordance with its laws; shares,
obligations, or bonds issued by any foreign corporation eighty-five per
centum of the business of which is located in the Philippines; shares,
obligations, or bonds issued by any foreign corporation if such shares,
obligations, or bonds have acquired a business situs in the
Philippines; shares, or rights in any partnership, business or industry
established in the Philippines; or any personal property, whether
tangible or intangible, located in the Philippines: Provided, however,
That in the case of a resident, the transmission or transfer of any
tangible personal property, regardless of its location, is subject to
the taxes prescribed in this Title: And provided, further, That no tax
shall be collected under this Title in respect of intangible personal
property (a) if the decedent at the time of his death was a resident of
a foreign country which at the time of his death did not impose a
transfer tax or death tax of any character in respect of intangible
personal property of citizens of the Philippines not residing in that
foreign country, or (b) if the laws of the foreign country of which the
decedent was a resident at the time of his death allow a similar
exemption from transfer taxes or death taxes of every character in
respect of intangible personal property owned by citizens of the
Philippines not residing in that foreign country.
The term "deficiency" means (a) the amount by which the taxes imposed
by this Chapter exceed the amount shown as the taxes by the donor or
donee upon his return; but the amount so shown on the return shall
first be increased by the amounts previously assessed (or collected
without assessment) as a deficiency, and decreased by the amounts
previously abated, refunded, or otherwise repaid in respect of such
taxes; or (2) if no amount is shown as the taxes by the donor or donee
upon his return, or if no return is made by the donor or donee, then
the amount by which the taxes exceed the amounts previously assessed
(or collected without assessment) as a deficiency; but such amounts
previously assessed, or collected without assessment, shall first be
decreased by the amounts previously abated, refunded, or otherwise
repaid in respect of such taxes.
TITLE IV
Specific Taxes
CHAPTER I
Articles Subject to Specific Tax
Section 123. Articles subject to specific tax. — Specific
internal-revenue taxes apply to things manufactured or produced in the
Philippines for domestic sale or consumption and to things imported
from the United States or foreign countries, but not to anything
produced or manufactured here which shall be removed for exportation
and is actually exported without returning to the Philippines, whether
so exported in its original state or as an ingredient or part of any
manufactured article or product.
In case of importations the internal-revenue tax shall be in addition
to the customs duties, if any.
No specific tax shall be collected on any articles sold and delivered
directly to the United States Army or Navy for actual use or issue by
the Army or Navy, or on any article sold to the Bureau of Coast and
Geodetic Survey, purchased with funds furnished by the Government of
the United States, and any taxes which have been paid on articles so
sold and delivered for such use or issue shall be refunded upon sale
and delivery.
Section 124. Payment of specific tax on domestic products. — Specific
taxes on domestic products shall be paid by the manufacturer, producer,
owner, or person having possession of the same; and, except as
otherwise especially allowed such taxes shall be paid immediately
before removal from the place of production.
Section 125. Payment of specific tax on imported articles. — Specific
taxes on imported articles shall be paid by the owner or importer to
the customs officers, conformably with regulations of the Department of
Finance and before the release of such articles from the customhouse.
Section 126. Mode of computing contents of cask or package. — Every
fractional part of a proof liter equal to or greater than a half liter
in a cask or package containing more than one liter shall be taxed as a
liter, and any smaller fractional part shall be exempt; but any package
of spirits the total contents of which are less than a proof liter
shall be taxed as one liter.
Section 127. Tax on preparations containing distilled
spirits as chief ingredient. — Medicinal and toilet preparations,
flavoring extracts, and all other preparations, of which, excluding
water, distilled spirits from the chief ingredient, shall be subject to
the same tax as such chief ingredient.
Upon permit from the Collector of Internal Revenue and subject to the
regulations of the Department of Finance, manufacturers of cigars may
withdrew from bond free of tax imported wine in specific quantities and
grades for use in the treatment of tobacco leaf to be used in the
manufacture of cigars; but such wine must first be suitably denatured.
Section 128. Exemption in favor of domestic denatured alcohol. —
Domestic alcohol of not less than one hundred eighty degrees proof
(ninety per centum absolute alcohol) may, when denatured, be withdrawn
from a registered distillery or bonded warehouse of the distiller or of
the Government without the payment of the specific tax prescribed in
section 133, for the purpose of being used for fuel, or light or for
use generally in the arts and industries.
Section 129. Removal of spirits or cigars under bond. — Spirits
requiring rectification may be removed from the place of their
manufacture to some other establishment for the purpose of
rectification without the prepayment of the specific tax, provided the
distiller removing such spirits and the rectified receiving them shall
file with the Collector of Internal Revenue their joint bond
conditioned upon the future payment by the rectifier of the specific
tax that may be due on any finished products, and cigars may be removed
by a manufacturer of tobacco products owning and operating a branch
factory separate from his principal factory, from the branch factory to
the principal factory, for exportation, without the prepayment of the
specific tax, provided the manufacturer shall file with the Collector
of Internal Revenue his bond conditioned upon the future payment of the
specific tax that may be due on the finished product.
Section 130. Removal of fermented liquors to bonded warehouse. — Any
brewer may remove or transport or cause to be removed or transported
from his brewery or other place of manufacture to a bonded warehouse
used by him exclusively for the storage or sale in bulk of fermented
liquors of his own manufacture, any quantities of such fermented
liquors not less than one thousand liters at one removal, without
paying the tax thereon at the time of removal from the place of
manufacture, under a permit which shall be granted by the Collector of
Internal Revenue; and thereafter the manufacturer of such fermented
liquors shall pay the tax in the same manner and under the same penalty
and liability as when paid at the brewery. Such permit shall be affixed
to every package so removed and shall be canceled or destroyed in such
manner as the Collector of Internal Revenue may prescribe.
Section 131. Removal of damaged liquors free of tax. — When any
fermented liquor has become sour or otherwise damaged so as to be unfit
for use as such, brewers may sell and, after securing a special permit
from the Collector of Internal Revenue and under the regulations of the
Department of Finance, remove the same without the payment of the tax
thereon to any place where such liquor is to be used for manufacturing
purposes, in casks or other packages, unlike those ordinarily used for
fermented liquors, containing each not less than one hundred
seventy-five liters and having a note of their contents marked thereon.
Section 132. Removal of tobacco products without prepayment of tax. —
Products of tobacco entirely unfit for chewing or smoking may be
removed free of tax for agricultural or industrial use, under such
conditions as may be prescribed in the regulations of the Department of
Finance; and stemmed leaf tobacco, fine-cut shorts, the refuse of
fine-cut chewing tobacco, refuse, scraps, cuttings, clippings and
sweepings of tobacco may be sold in bulk as raw material by one
manufacturer directly to another, under such conditions as may be
prescribed in the regulations of the Department of Finance, without the
prepayment of the tax.
"Stemmed leaf tobacco," as herein used means leaf tobacco which has had
the stem or midrib removed. The term does not include broken leaf
tobacco.
Section 133. Specific tax on distilled spirits. — On distilled spirits
there shall be collected, except as hereinafter provided, specific
taxes as follows:
(a) If produced from sap of the nipa, coconut,
cassava, camote, or hurl palm, or from the juice, syrup, or sugar of
the cane, per proof liter, thirty-eight centavos.
(b) If produced from any other material, per proof
liter, one peso and thirty centavos.
This tax shall be proportionally increased for any strength of the
spirits taxed over proof spirits.
"Distilled spirits," as here used, includes all substances known as
ethyl alcohol, hydrated oxide of ethyl, or spirits of wine, which are
commonly produced by the fermentation and subsequent distillation of
grain, starch, molasses, or sugar, or of some syrup or sap, including
all dilutions or mixtures; and the tax shall attach to this substance
as soon as it is in existence as such, whether it be subsequently
separated as pure or impure spirits, or be immediately or at any
subsequent time transformed into any other substances either in process
of original production or by any subsequent process.
"Proof spirits" is liquor containing one-half its volume of alcohol of
a specific gravity of seven thousand nine hundred and thirty-nine
ten-thousandths at fifteen degrees centigrade. A proof liter means a
liter of proof spirits.
Section 134. Specific tax on wines. — On wines and imitation wines there
shall be collected, per liter of volume capacity regardless of proof,
the following taxes:
(a) Sparkling wines, one peso and sixty centavos.
(b) Still wines containing fourteen per centum of
alcohol or less twenty centavos.
(c) Still wines containing more than fourteen per
centum of alcohol, forty centavos.
Imitation wines containing more than twenty-five per centum of alcohol
shall be taxed as distilled spirits.
Section 135. Specific tax on fermented liquors. — On beer, lager beer,
ale, porter, and other fermented liquors (except tuba, basi, tapuy and
similar domestic fermented liquors), there shall be collected, on each
liter of volume capacity twelve and one-half centavos.
Section 136. Specific tax on products of tobacco. — on manufactured
products of tobacco, except cigars, cigarettes, and tobacco specially
prepared for chewing so as to be unsuitable for consumption in any
other manner, but including all other tobacco twisted by hand or
reduced into a condition to be consumed in any manner other than by the
ordinary mode of drying and curing; and on all tobacco prepared or
partially prepared for sale or consumption, even if prepared without
the use of any machine or instrument and without being pressed or
sweetened; and on all fine-cut shorts and refuse, scraps, clippings,
cuttings, and sweepings of tobacco, there shall be collected on each
kilogram, sixty centavos on tobacco specially prepared for chewing so
as to be unsuitable for use in any other manner, on each kilogram,
forty-eight centavos.
Section 137. Specific tax on cigars and cigarettes. — On cigars and
cigarettes there shall be collected the following taxes:
(a) Cigars —
(1) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, does not exceed thirty pesos per
thousand, on each thousand, two pesos and thirty centavos.
(2) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, exceeds thirty pesos but does not
exceed sixty pesos per thousand, on each thousand, four pesos and sixty
centavos.
(3) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, exceeds sixty pesos per thousand, on
each thousand, seven pesos.
(b) Cigarettes —
(1) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, is four pesos or less per thousand,
on each thousand, one peso and thirty centavos.
(2) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, is more than four pesos but not more
than six pesos per thousand, on each thousand, three pesos.
(3) When the manufacturer's or importer's wholesale
price, less the amount of the tax, exceeds six pesos per thousand, on
each thousand, four pesos.
The maximum price at which the various classes of cigars and cigarettes
are sold at wholesale in the factory or in the establishment of the
importer to any member of the public shall determine the rate of tax
applicable to such cigars and cigarettes; and if the manufacturer or
importer also sells, or allows to be sold, his cigars and cigarettes at
wholesale in another establishment of which he is the owner or in the
profits of which he has an interest, the maximum sale price in such
establishment shall determine the rate of the tax applicable to the
cigars and cigarettes therein sold.
Every manufacturer or importer of cigars and cigarettes shall file with
the Collector of Internal Revenue, on the date or dates designated by
the latter, a sworn statement of the maximum wholesale prices of cigars
and cigarettes, and it shall be unlawful to sell said cigars and
cigarettes at wholesale at a price in excess of the one specified in
the statement required by this Title without previous written notice to
said Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 138. Specific tax on matches. — On matches there shall be
collected:
(a) On each gross of boxes containing not more than
eighty sticks to the box, forty centavos;
(b) On each gross of boxes containing over eighty
sticks to the box, a proportionate additional tax.
Section 139. Specific tax on mechanical lighters. — On every mechanical
lighter, there shall be collected a tax of forty centavos. The term
"mechanical lighter" includes any mechanical or chemical contrivances
for causing ignition which is portable and which operates by producing
a spark or flame whether by itself or when brought into contact with
electric current or gas, and includes also a mechanical lighter issued
from a manufactory in an incomplete state or requiring for its
completion the addition of a flint.
Section 140. Specific tax on firecrackers. — On all firecrackers, there
shall be collected for each kilogram a tax of forty centavos.
Section 141. Specific tax on skimmed milk. — On all condensed skimmed
milk and on all skimmed milk, in whatever form, from which the cream
has been removed entirely or in part, sold in the Philippines, there
shall be collected for each kilogram of the gross weight of said milk
and container, twenty centavos.
Section 142. Specific tax on manufactured oils and other fuels. — on
refined and manufactured mineral oils and motor fuels, there shall be
collected the following taxes:
(a) Kerosene or petroleum, per liter of volume
capacity, one and one-half centavos;
(b) Lubricating oils, per liter of volume capacity,
four centavos;
(c) Naphtha, gasoline, and all other similar products
of distillation, per liter of volume capacity, five centavos; and
(d) On denatured alcohol to be used for motive power
per liter of volume capacity, one-half centavo: Provided, That if the
denatured alcohol is mixed with gasoline the specific tax on which has
already been paid, only the alcohol content shall be subject to
the tax herein prescribed.
For the purposes of this subsection, the removal of denatured alcohol
of not less than one hundred eighty degrees proof (ninety per centum
absolute alcohol) shall be deemed to have been removed for motive
power, unless shown to the contrary.
Whenever the above-mentioned oils are used in aviation the specific tax
thereon shall be refunded by the Collector of Internal Revenue upon the
submission of a sworn certificate satisfactory to him proving that the
said oils were actually used in aviation.
Section 143. Specific tax on coal. — On all coal and coke, there shall
be collected, per metric ton, twenty-five centavos.
Section 144. Specific tax on bunker fuel oil. — On fuel oil,
commercially known as bunker fuel oil, and on all similar fuel oils,
having more or less the same generating power, there shall be
collected, per metric ton, forty centavos.
Section 145. Specific tax on Diesel fuel oil. — On fuel oil,
commercially known as Diesel fuel oil, and all similar fuel oils,
having more or less the same generating power, there shall be
collected, per metric ton, eighty centavos.
Section 146. Specific tax on cinematographic films. — There shall be
collected, once only, on each cinematographic film (not including
cinematographic films of sixteen millimeters or less in width) imported
into or manufactured in the Philippines a tax of five centavos per
linear meter.
This tax shall not be collected on any tax paid cinematographic film
subsequently returned to the Philippines or on any negative films or
unprinted positive film and may taxes heretofore paid on
cinematographic films so returned or on any negative films or unprinted
positive films shall be refunded subject to the provisions of section
309.
Section 147. Specific tax on playing cards. — (a) On each pack of cards
containing not more than fifty-eight cards, there shall be collected a
tax of thirty-five centavos: Provided, however, That when the size of
playing cards is two and one-half centimeters by six centimeters or
less there shall be collected a tax of twenty centavos on each pack
containing not more than fifty-eight cards.
(b) On each pack containing more than fifty-eight
cards, there shall be collected the tax established in subsection (a)
and a proportionate additional tax on the number in excess of
fifty-eight.
Section 148. Specific tax on saccharine. — On saccharine there shall be
collected a tax of sixty pesos per kilogram.
CHAPTER II
Administrative provisions regulating business of persons dealing in
articles subject to specific tax.
Section 149. Extent of supervision over establishments producing taxable
output.-The Bureau of Internal Revenue has authority to supervise
establishments where articles subject to a specific tax are made or
kept. The Secretary of Finance shall prescribe regulations as to the
mode in which the processes of production shall be conducted in so far
as may be necessary to secure a sanitary output and to safeguard the
revenue.
Section 150. Records to be kept by manufacturers Assessment based
therein. — The Secretary of Finance is authorized to prescribe, by
regulations, the records which shall be kept by manufacturers of
articles subject to specific tax, and such records, whether of raw
materials received into the factory or of articles produced therein,
shall be deemed public and official documents for all purposes.
The records of raw materials kept by such manufacturers may be used as
a species of evidence by which to determine the amount of specific
taxes due from them, and whenever the amount of raw materials received
into any factory exceeds the amount of manufactured or partially
manufactured products on hand and lawfully removed from the factory,
plus waste removed or destroyed, and a reasonable allowance for
unavoidable loss in manufacture, the Collector of Internal Revenue may
assess and collect the tax due on the products which should have been
produced from the excess.
Section 151. Premises subject to approval by Collector. — No person
shall engage in business as a manufacturer of or dealer in articles
subject to a specific tax unless the premises upon which the business
is to be conducted shall have been approved by the Collector of
Internal Revenue.
Section 152. Labels and form of packages. — All articles of domestic
manufacture subject to a specific tax and all leaf tobacco shall be put
up and prepared by the manufacturer or producer, when removed for sale
or consumption, in such packages only and bearing such marks or brands
as shall be prescribed in the regulations of the Department of Finance;
and goods of similar character imported into the Philippines shall
likewise be packed and marked in such manner as may be required.
Section 153. Removal of articles after payment of tax. — When the tax
has been paid on articles or products subject to a specific tax the
same shall not thereafter be stored or permitted to remain in the
distillery, distillery warehouse, bonded warehouse, or other factory or
place where produced.
Section 154. Storage of goods in internal-revenue bonded warehouse. — An
internal-revenue bonded warehouse may be maintained in any. port of
entry for the storing of imported or manufactured goods which are
subject to a specific tax. The taxes on such goods shall be payable
only upon removal from such warehouse, and a reasonable charge shall be
made for their storage therein. The Collector of Internal Revenue may,
in his discretion, exact a bond to secure the payment of the tax on any
goods so stored.
Section 155. Proof of exportation. — Exporter's bond. — Exporters of
goods that would be subject to a specific tax if sold or removed for
consumption in the Philippines shall submit proof of exportation
satisfactory to the Collector of Internal Revenue, and, when the same
is deemed necessary, shall be required to give a bond prior to the
removal of the goods for shipment, conditioned upon the exportation of
the same in good faith.
Section 156. Manufacturers' and importers' bonds. — Manufacturers and
importers of articles subject to a specific tax shall give bond in an
amount equal, as nearly as can be estimated, to twenty per centum of
the taxes payable by them during an average year. Such bond shall be
conditioned upon the faithful compliance, during the time such business
is followed, with the law and regulations relating to such business and
for the satisfaction of all fines and penalties imposed by this Code.
No such bond shall be required in an amount exceeding fifty thousand
pesos nor be received in a sum less than one thousand pesos.
Section 157. Records to be kept by wholesale dealers. — Wholesale
dealers shall keep records of their purchases and sales or deliveries
of articles subject to a specific tax, in such form as shall be
prescribed in the regulations of the Department of Finance. These
records and the entire stock of goods subject to tax shall be subject
at all times to the inspection of internal-revenue officers.
Section 158. Records to be kept by dealers in leaf tobacco. — Dealers in
leaf tobacco shall keep records of the product sold or delivered by
them to other persons in such manner as may be prescribed in the
regulations of the Department of Finance, such records to be at all
times subject to the inspection of internal-revenue officers.
Section 159. Preservation of invoices and stamps. — All dealers
whosoever shall preserve for the period prescribed in section 337 all
official invoices received by them from other dealers or from
manufacturers, together with the fractional parts of stamps affixed
thereto, if any, and upon demand shall deliver or transmit the same to
any internal revenue officer.
Section 160. Information to be given by manufacturers or importers of
any apparatus or mechanical contrivance specifically for the
manufacture of articles subject to specific tax. — Manufacturers and
importers of any apparatus or mechanical contrivance specifically for
the manufacture of articles subject to specific tax shall, before any
such apparatus or mechanical contrivance is removed from the place of
manufacture or from the customhouse, give written information to the
Collector of Internal Revenue as to the nature and capacity of the
same, the time when it is to be removed, and the place for which it is
destined, as well as the name of the person by whom it is to be used;
and such apparatus or mechanical contrivance shall not be set up
without a permit in writing from the Collector of Internal Revenue.
Section 161. Establishment of distillery warehouses. — Every distiller,
when so required by the Collector of Internal Revenue, shall provide at
his own expense a warehouse, to be situated on and to constitute a part
of his distillery premises and to be used only for the storage of
distilled spirits of his own manufacture until the tax thereon shall
have been paid; but no dwelling house shall be used for such purpose.
Such warehouse, when approved by the Collector of Internal Revenue, is
declared to be a bonded warehouse, to be known as a distillery
warehouse.
Section 162. Custody of distillery or distillery warehouse. — Every
distillery or distillery warehouse shall be in the joint custody of the
storekeeper, if one is assigned thereto, and of the proprietor thereof.
It shall be kept securely locked, and shall at no time be unlocked or
opened or remain unlocked or open unless in the presence of such
storekeeper or other person who may be designated to act for him as
provided by law.
Section 163. Limitation on quantity of spirits removed from warehouse. —
No distilled spirits shall be removed from any distillery, distillery
warehouse, or bonded warehouse in quantities of less than fifteen gauge
liters at any one time, except bottled goods, which may be removed by
the case of not less than twelve bottles.
Section 164. Requirements incident to process of denaturing alcohol. —
Where alcohol is withdrawn for denaturing for use in the arts and
industries, or as motor fuel, the process of denaturing shall be
effected either on the distillery premises or in a bonded warehouse
designated by the Collector of Internal Revenue for denaturing purposes
only. To such warehouse alcohol may be transferred under bond and under
conditions prescribed in the regulations of the Department of Finance.
Section 165. Recovery of alcohol for use in arts and industries. —
Manufacturers employing processes in which denatured alcohol used in
arts and industries is expressed or evaporated from the articles
manufactured may, under regulations to be prescribed by the Department
of Finance, be permitted to recover the alcohol so used and restore it
again to a condition suitable solely for use in manufacturing processes.
Section 166. Requirements governing rectification and compounding of
liquors. — Persons engaged in the rectification or compounding of
liquors shall, as to the mode of conducting their business and
supervision over the same, be subject to all the requirements of law
applicable to distilleries: Provided, That where a rectifier makes use
of spirits upon which the specific tax has been paid no further tax
shall be collected on any rectified spirits produced exclusively
therefrom: And provided, further, That compounders, in the manufacture
of any intoxicating beverage whatever, shall not be allowed to make use
of spirits upon which the specific tax has not been previously said.
Section 167. Authority of internal-revenue officer in searching for
taxable articles. — Any internal-revenue officer may in the discharge
of his official duties enter any house, building, or place where
articles subject to tax under this Title are produced or kept, or are
believed by him upon reasonable grounds to be produced or kept, so far
as may be necessary to examine, discover, or seize the same.
He may also stop and search any vehicle or other means of
transportation when upon reasonable grounds he believes that the same
carries any article on which the specific tax has not been said.
Section 168. Detention of package containing taxable articles. — Any
revenue officer may detain any package containing or supposed to
contain articles subject to a specific tax when he has good reason to
believe that the lawful tax has not been paid or that the package has
been or is being removed in violation of law, and every such package
shall be held by such officer in a safe place until it shall be
determined whether the property so detained is liable by law to be
proceeded against for forfeiture; but such summary detention shall not
continue in any case longer than seven days without process of law or
intervention of the officer to whom such detention is to be reported.
Section 169. Inscription to be placed on skimmed milk. — All condensed
skimmed milk and all milk, in whatever form, from which the fatty part
has been removed totally or in part, sold or put on sale in the
Philippines shall be clearly and legibly marked on its immediate
containers, and in all the languages in which such containers are
marked, with the words, "This milk is not suitable for nourishment for
infants less than one year of age", or with other equivalent words.
CHAPTER III
Penal Provisions
Section 170. Unlawful practices relative to payment of specific taxes. —
Any person who, without express authority from the Collector of
Internal Revenue, makes, imports, sells, uses, or possesses any die for
printing or making internal-revenue stamps, labels, tags, or playing
cards shall be punished by a fine of not less than three hundred pesos
nor more than five thousand pesos or by imprisonment for a term of not
less than three months nor more than five years, or both.
Any person who erases the cancellation marks on any internal-revenue
stamp which has been previously used or who alters the written or
printed figures or letters or cancellation marks on any
internal-revenue stamp previously used, or who has in his possession
any false, counterfeit, restored, or altered internal-revenue stamp,
label, or tag for the purpose of using the same in the payment of
specific taxes or in securing any exemption or privilege conferred by
this Title, or who procures the commission of any such offense by
another, shall be fined in a sum of not less than three hundred pesos
nor more than five thousand pesos or imprisoned for a term of not less
than three months nor more than five years, or both.
Any person who gives away or accepts from another, or who sells, buys,
or uses any container on which the stamps or labels are not utterly
destroyed shall for each such offense be fined in a sum of not less
than fifty pesos nor more than five hundred pesos or imprisoned for a
term not exceeding seven months, or both.
Any internal-revenue officer may destroy any emptied container upon
which an internal-revenue stamp or official tax-paid label is found
still undestroyed.
Section 171. Unlawful use of denatured alcohol. — Any person who, for
the purpose of manufacturing any beverage, uses denatured alcohol or
alcohol withdrawn under bond for industrial uses, or who knowingly
sells any beverage made in whole or in part from such alcohol, or who
uses such alcohol for the manufacture of liquid medicinal preparations,
or knowingly sells such preparations containing as an ingredient such
alcohol, shall on conviction be fined not more than one thousand pesos
or be imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
Any person who shall unlawfully recover or attempt to recover by
redistillation or other process any denatured alcohol or who knowingly
uses, sells, conceals, or otherwise disposes of alcohol so recovered or
redistilled shall be subject to the same penalty as above provided.
Section 172. Forfeiture of goods illegally stored or removed. — All
articles subject to a specific tax which are stored or allowed to
remain in a distillery, distillery warehouse, bonded warehouse, or
other place where made, after the tax thereon has been paid, shall be
forfeited; and all such articles unlawfully removed from any such place
without the payment of the required tax shall likewise be forfeited.
Section 173. Forfeiture of property used in unlicensed business, or of
dies used for printing false stamps, etc. — All chattels, machinery,
and removable fixtures of any sort used in the production of articles
subject to specific tax when the required tax has not been paid for
such business, shall be forfeited.
Dies used for the printing or making of any internal revenue stamp,
label, or tag which is in imitation of or purports to be a lawful
stamp, label, or tag shall also be forfeited.
Section 174. Unlawful possession or removal of articles subject to
specific tax without payment of tax. — Any person who is found in
possession of articles subject to specific tax, the tax on which has
not been paid in accordance with law, shall be punished by a fine of
not less than three times the amount of the specific tax due on the
articles found but not less than two hundred pesos nor more than five
thousand pesos or by imprisonment of from four months and one day to
four years and two months, or both. Any manufacturer, owner, or person
in charge of any article subject to a specific tax who removes or
allows or procures the unlawful removal of any such article from the
place of manufacture or bonded warehouse, upon which article the
specific tax has not been paid in the time and manner required, and any
person who knowingly aids or abets in the removal of such articles as
aforesaid, or conceals the same after illegal removal, shall for the
first offense be punished by a fine of not less than five times the
amount of the specific tax due on the articles removed, but not less
than five hundred pesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or by
imprisonment of not less than six months and one day but not more than
six years, or both.
Every manufacturer so offending shall, before continuing or resuming
business, execute a bond in double the amount of his original bond and
containing the same conditions.
Section 175. Punishment for subsequent offense. — In case of
reincidence, the offender under the preceding section shall be punished
by a fine of not less than ten times the amount of the specific tax due
on the articles found or removed, but not less than one thousand pesos
nor more than twenty thousand pesos or by imprisonment of from one year
and one day to eight years, or both; and if the offense be committed by
the owner or the manufacturer, or with his connivance, the factory and
the ground upon which it stands, including the machinery and apparatus
used in and about the business shall be forfeited.
Section 176. Shipment of liquor or tobacco under false name or brand. —
Any person who ships, transports, or removes spirituous or fermented
liquors, wines, or tobacco under any other than the proper name or
brand known to the trade as designating the kind and quality of the
contents of the cask or package containing the same, or causes such act
to be done, shall be subject to a fine of five hundred pesos, and in
addition the article or articles so transported or removed shall be
forfeited.
Section 177. Illegal sale of skimmed milk. — Any person who sells or
puts on sale in the Philippines any condensed skimmed milk or milk from
which the fat has been removed totally or in part, on which the
specific tax has not been fully paid, or which does not bear the legend
provided for therein, shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a
fine of not exceeding six hundred pesos or by imprisonment not
exceeding six months, or both.
TITLE V
Privilege Taxes on Business and Occupation
CHAPTER I
Tax on Business
Section 178. Payment of privilege taxes. — A privilege tax must be paid
before any business or occupation hereinafter specified can be lawfully
begun or pursued. The tax on business is payable for every separate or
distinct establishment or place where business subject to the tax is
conducted; and one occupation or line of business does not become
exempt by being conducted with some other occupation or business for
which such tax has been paid.
The occupation tax must be paid by each individual engaged in a calling
subject thereto; the tax on a business, by the person, firm, or company
conducting the same.
Section 179. Legality of business as affected by payment of tax. — The
payment of a business or occupation tax shall not exempt any person
from any tax, penalty, or punishment provided by law or ordinance in
places where such business or occupation is prohibited or regulated by
municipal law, nor shall the payment of any such tax be held to
prohibit any municipality from placing a tax upon same business or
occupation, for local purposes, where the imposition of such tax is
authorized by law.
Section 180. Time for payment of fixed taxes. — The yearly fixed taxes
are due on the first of January of each year, and, if tendered in
semi-annual installments, on or before the twentieth of January and
July, or if in quarterly installments, on or before the twentieth of
January, April, July, and October, or on or before the last day of said
months, in remote provinces, in the discretion of the Collector of
Internal Revenue, shall be received without penalty. But any person
first beginning a business or occupation must pay the tax before
engaging therein.
Section 181. Reckoning of tax for business first began or abandoned
during year. — When an occupation or business subject to a fixed tax is
newly begun during any year the tax shall be reckoned from the
commencement of the current semester or quarter, or, in case of a
business subject to a monthly tax, from the first of the month; and
when either is at any time abandoned, the tax shall not be exacted for
a longer period than to the end of the semester, quarter, or month, as
the case may be.
Section 182. Fixed tax upon business. — Unless otherwise provided, every
person engaging in a business on which the percentage tax is imposed
shall pay in full a fixed annual tax of ten pesos for each calendar
year or fraction thereof in which such person shall engage in said
business.
Every person who is not required to pay the percentage tax prescribed
in sections 184, 185, 186, and 187 shall pay in full for each calendar
year or fraction thereof in which such person shall engage in business
a fixed annual tax based upon his gross annual sales during the
preceding calendar year, as follows:
Four pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds two
thousand pesos but does not exceed ten thousand pesos;
Ten pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds ten thousand
pesos but does not exceed twenty-five thousand pesos;
Twenty pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds
twenty-five thousand pesos but does not exceed fifty thousand pesos;
Fifty pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds fifty
thousand pesos but does not exceed one hundred thousand pesos;
One hundred pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds one
hundred thousand pesos but does not exceed two hundred thousand pesos;
Two hundred pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds two
hundred thousand pesos but does not exceed five hundred thousand pesos;
and
Three hundred pesos, if the amount of the gross annual sales exceeds
five hundred thousand pesos: Provided, That if a merchant is engaged in
two or more businesses, one or more of which is subject to, and the
others exempt from, the percentage tax, he shall pay the graduated
fixed annual tax provided above, based on the sales not subject to the
percentage tax under this Title.
This tax shall be payable before the person subject to the same begins
to engage in the business, and thereafter within the regulation period
in the month of January during which the other fixed privilege taxes
may be paid without penalty.
The following shall be exempt from the tax imposed in this section:
(a) Small merchants whose gross annual sales do not
exceed two thousand pesos.
(b) All persons engaged in the sale of food products,
cooked foods, or refreshments at retail in public market places whose
gross annual sales do not exceed twenty thousand pesos and all persons
engaged in public market places exclusively in the sale at retail of
domestic meat, fruits, vegetables, game, poultry, fish, and other
domestic food products.
(c) Peddlers and sellers at fixed stands and other
similar selling places engaged exclusively in the sale at retail of
domestic meat, fruits, vegetable, game, poultry, fish and similar
domestic food products, whose total stock in trade on any one day does
not reach a retail value of fifty pesos.
(d) Producers of commodities of all classes working
in their own homes, consisting of parents and children living as one
family, when the value of each day's production by each person capable
of working is not in excess of five pesos.
(e) Owners of animal-drawn two-wheeled vehicles.
(f)) Owners of bancas.
Section 183. Payment of percentage taxes. — Quarterly report of earnings
or value of output. — The percentage taxes on business shall be payable
at the end of each calendar quarter in the amount lawfully due on the
business transacted during each quarter; and it shall be the duty of
every person conducting a business on which a percentage tax is imposed
under this Title, within twenty days after the end of each calendar
quarter, to make a true and complete return of the amount of the gross
sales, receipts, or earnings, or gross value of output actually removed
from the factory or mill warehouse, during the preceding calendar
quarter and pay the tax due thereon: Provided, That it shall be the
duty of any person retiring from a business subject to the percentage
tax to notify immediately the nearest internal-revenue officer thereof
and, within ten days after closing his business, file his return or
declaration, and pay the tax due thereon.
If the percentage tax on any business is not paid within the time
prescribed above, the amount of the tax shall be increased by
twenty-five per centum, the increment to be a part of the tax.
In case a false or fraudulent return is made, there shall be added to
the tax or to the deficiency tax, in case any payment has been made on
the basis of such return before the discovery of the falsity or fraud,
a surcharge of fifty per centum of its amount. The amount so added to
any tax shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner and
as part of the tax unless the tax has been paid before the discovery of
the falsity or fraud, in which case the amount so added shall be
collected in the same manner as the tax.
Section 184. Percentage tax on sales of jewelry, automobiles. toilet
preparations and others. — There is levied, assessed and collected once
only on every original sale, barter, exchange, or similar transaction
intended to transfer ownership of, or title to, the articles
hereinbelow enumerated, a tax equivalent to ten per centum of the gross
selling price or gross value in money of the articles so sold,
bartered, exchanged, or transferred, such tax to be paid by the
manufacturer, producer or importer: Provided, That where the articles
are manufactured out of materials subject to tax under this section,
the total cost of such materials, as duly established, shall be
deductible from the gross selling price or gross value in money of the
manufactured articles: And provided, further, That where the articles
herein mentioned are consigned abroad by the manufacturer or producer
thereof, the shipment shall be subject to the tax established in
section 187 and not to the tax imposed by this section:
(a) All articles commonly or commercially known as
jewelry, whether real or imitation; pearls, precious and semi-precious
stones, and imitations thereof; articles made of, or ornamented,
mounted or titled with, precious metals or imitations thereof or ivory
(not including surgical instruments or silver-plated ware, or frames or
mountings for spectacles or eyeglasses); opera glasses; and lorgnettes.
(b) Automobile chassis and bodies, the selling price
of which exceeds two thousand five hundred pesos each. A sale of
automobile shall, for the purposes of this section, be considered to be
a sale of the chassis and of the body together with parts and
accessories of which the same are usually equipped.
(c) Perfumes, essences, extracts, toilet matters,
cosmetics, petroleum jellies, hair oils, pomades, hair dressings, hair
restoratives, hair dyes, and any similar substance, article, or
preparation, by whatsoever name known or distinguished, except tooth
and mouth washes, dentifrices, tooth paste, and talcum or medicated
toilet powders; and any of the above which are used or applied or
intended to be used or applied for toilet purposes: Provided, That the
tax herein imposed shall not apply to toilet preparation on which the
specific tax established in section 127 has been paid.
Section 185. Percentage tax on sales of automobiles, sporting goods,
refrigerators, musical instruments, and others. — There is levied,
assessed, and collected once only on every original sale, barter,
exchange, or similar transaction intended to transfer ownership of, or
title to, the articles hereinbelow enumerated, a tax equivalent to five
per centum of the gross selling price or gross value in money of the
articles so sold, bartered, exchanged or transferred, such tax to be
paid by the manufacturer, producer, or importer: Provided, That where
the articles are manufactured out of materials subject to tax under
this section and section 186 the total cost of such materials, as duly
established, shall be deductible from the gross selling price or gross
value in money of the manufactured articles: And, provided, further,
That where the articles herein mentioned are consigned abroad by the
manufacturer or producer thereof, the shipment shall be subject to the
tax established in section 187 and not to the tax imposed by this
section:
(a) Automobile chassis and bodies, the selling price
of which does not exceed two thousand five hundred pesos each. A sale
of automobile shall, for the purposes of this section, be considered to
be a sale of the chassis and of the body together with parts and
accessories with which the same are usually equipped;
(b) Watches and clocks, the value of which exceeds
twenty pesos each, marine glasses, field glasses, binoculars, cameras,
camera lenses, and cinematographic films of not more than sixteen
millimeters in width;
(c) Polo mallets and balls; golf bags, clubs and
balls; fishing rods and reels; chess and checker boards and pieces;
dice; and mah-jong sets;
(d) Beauty parlor equipment;
(e) Household type refrigerators (for single or
multiple cabinet installations) operated with electricity, gas,
kerosene, or other means;
(f) Musical instruments, phonographs, combination
radio and phonograph sets, and phonograph records; and
(g) Cartridges or other forms of ammunition, (except
those for caliber .22 firearms): Provided, however, That no tax shall
be collected on cartridges or other forms of ammunition sold and
delivered directly to the Philippine Constabulary or Philippine Army
for their actual use or issue.
Section 186. Percentage tax on sales of other articles. — There is
levied, assessed, and collected once only on every original sale,
barter. exchange, and similar transaction intended to transfer
ownership of, or title to, the articles not enumerated in sections 184
and 185 a tax equivalent to three and one-half per centum of the gross
selling price or gross value in money of the articles so sold,
bartered, exchanged, or transferred, such tax to be paid by the
manufacturer, producer, or importer: Provided, That where the articles
are manufactured out of materials subject to tax under this section,
the total cost of such materials as duly established, shall be
deductible from the gross selling price or gross value in money of the
manufactured articles: And provided, further, That where the said
articles are consigned abroad by the manufacturer or producer thereof,
the shipment shall be subject to the tax established in section 187 and
not to the tax imposed by this section.
Section 187. Percentage tax on consignments abroad. — Every person,
whether he is a merchant or not, and not herein specifically exempted,
shall pay a tax of one and one-half per centum of the gross value in
money of the commodities, goods, wares, and merchandise consigned
abroad by him, such tax to be based on the actual selling price or
value of the things in question at the time they are consigned abroad,
whether consisting of raw materials or of manufactured or partially
manufactured products or whether of domestic or foreign origin:
Provided, That the tax prescribed in this section shall not be imposed
on articles upon which the tax prescribed in sections 184, 185, 186,
and 189 has previously been paid. The tax upon things consigned abroad
shall be refunded upon satisfactory proof of the return thereof to the
Philippines unsold, subject to the limitation established in section
309 of this Code.
Section 188. Transactions not subject to percentage tax. — In computing
the tax imposed in sections. 184, 185, and 186, transactions in the
following commodities shall be excluded:
(a) Things subject to tax under Title IV of this Code.
(b) Agricultural products and the ordinary salt when
sold, bartered, or exchanged in this country, whether in their original
state or not: Provided, That in the case of hemp, whether stripped or
unstripped, sugar cane, unhusked rice or palay, coconut, corn, and
copra, no tax shall be collected except when they are consigned abroad,
in which case the tax prescribed in section 187 shall be due and
payable, irrespective of whether the consignor is the producer thereof
or not, or whether or not he is a merchant.
(c) Minerals and mineral products when sold or
consigned abroad by the lessee, concessionaire, or owner of the mineral
land from which removed.
(d) Articles imported into the Philippines and
re-exported from the same in their original condition by the importer.
Section 189. Percentage tax upon proprietors or operators of rope
factories, sugar centrals, rice mills, coconut oil mills, corn mills,
and desiccated coconut factories. — Proprietors or operators of rope
factories, sugar centrals, rice mills, coconut oil mills, corn mills,
and desiccated coconut factories shall pay a tax equivalent to one and
one-half per centum of the gross value in money of all the rope, sugar
rice, coconut oil, grounded or milled corn, and desiccated coconut
manufactured or milled by them, including the derivatives, products,
and by-products of the raw materials from which the said articles are
produced or manufactured, when these derivatives, products, and
by-products constitute sixty per centum or more by weight or value of
the raw materials mentioned above, such tax to be based on the actual
selling price or market value of these articles at the time they leave
the factory or mill warehouse: Provided, however, That in case the raw
materials are manufactured or milled in pursuance of a contract whereby
the factory, central, or mill receives a share of the finished product,
the tax on the share pertaining to the planter or owner and withheld by
the proprietor or operator of the factory, central, or mill and paid by
him to the Collector of Internal Revenue: And provided, further, That
on sugar sold to the refinery mill for the production of refined sugar
"washsugar," or beet sugar, the tax shall not be paid by the central
but shall be paid by the refinery mill upon local sale or consignment
abroad.
Section 190. Compensating tax. — All persons purchasing or receiving
from without the Philippines any commodities, goods, wares, or
merchandise, excepting those subject to specific taxes under Title IV
of this Code, shall pay on the total value thereof at the time they are
received by such persons, including freights postage, insurance,
commission, and all similar charges, a compensating tax equivalent to
the percentage tax imposed under this Title on original transaction
effected by merchants importers, or manufacturers, such tax to be paid
upon the withdrawal or removal of said commodities, goods, wares, or
merchandise from the customhouse or the post office: Provided, however,
That merchants, importers, and manufacturers, who are subject to tax
under sections 184, 185, 186, 187, and 189 of this Title shall not be
required to pay the tax herein imposed where the articles purchased or
received by them from without the Philippines are to be resold,
bartered, or exchanged, or used in connection with their business.
Section 191. Percentage tax on road, building, irrigation, artesian
well, waterworks, and other construction work contractors, proprietors
or operators of dockyards, and others. — Road, building, irrigation,
artesian well, waterworks, and other construction work contractors;
filing contractors; persons engaged in the installation of gas, or
electric light, heat, or power; persons selling light, heat or power,
except those paying a franchise tax; proprietors or operators of
dockyards, mine drilling apparatus, smelting plants, engraving plants,
plating establishments, drycleaning or dyeing establishments, steam
laundries photographic studios, telephone or telegraph lines or
exchanges, broadcasting or wireless stations, funeral parlors, shops
for the construction or repair of bicycles or vehicles of any kind,
mechanical devices, instruments, apparatus, or furniture of any kind,
and tailor shops; dressmakers; milliners; hatters; keepers of hotels,
lodging houses, restaurants, cafes or refreshment parlors; stevedores;
warehousemen; plumbers; smiths; house or sign painters; lithographers;
publishers, except those engaged in the publication or printing and
publication of any newspaper, magazine, review, or bulletin which
appears at regular intervals, with fixed prices for subscription and
sale, and which is not devoted principally to the publication of
advertisements; printers; and bookbinders, shall pay a tax equivalent
to one and one-half per centum of their gross receipts: Provided, That
contractors or others whose gross receipts do not exceed two hundred
pesos each quarter shall be exempt from the payment of the tax provided
for in this section.
Section 192. Percentage tax on carriers and keepers of garages. —
Keepers of garages, transportation contractors, persons who transport
passengers or freight for hire, and common couriers by land, air, or
water, except owners of boats taxed under the laws administered by the
Bureau of Customs, owners of bancas, and owners of animal-drawn two
wheeled vehicles, shall pay a tax equivalent to one and one-half per
centum of their gross receipts: Provided, That those whose gross
receipts do not exceed two hundred pesos each quarter shall be exempt
from the payment of the tax provided for in this section.
Section 193. Amount of tax on business. — Fixed taxes on business shall
be collected as follows, the amount stated being for the whole year,
when not otherwise specified:
(a) Brewers, four hundred pesos.
(b) Distillers of spirits, fifty pesos, if the annual
production does not exceed fifty thousand gauge liters; one hundred
pesos, if the annual production exceeds fifty thousand gauge liters but
does not exceed one hundred thousand gauge liters; two hundred pesos,
if the annual production exceeds one hundred thousand gauge liters but
does not exceed two hundred fifty thousand gauge litres; and three
hundred pesos, if the annual production exceeds two hundred fifty
thousand gauge liters; rectifiers of distilled spirits, compounders,
and repackers of wines or distilled spirits, three hundred pesos
(c) Wholesale peddlers of distilled, manufactured, or
fermented liquor, one hundred and twenty pesos.
(d) Wholesale peddlers of distilled, manufactured
tobacco, eighty pesos.
(e) Retail peddlers of distilled, manufactured, or
fermented liquor. sixty pesos.
(f) Retail peddlers of manufactured tobacco, sixteen
pesos.
(g) Wholesale liquor dealers —
1. In the City of Manila, four hundred pesos.
2. In any other place, one hundred and twenty pesos.
(h) Wholesale dealers in fermented liquors, except
basi, tuba, and tapuy, one hundred and twenty pesos.
(i) Retail liquor dealers, sixty pesos.
(j) Retail vino dealers, twelve pesos.
(k) Retail dealers in fermented liquors, thirty pesos.
(l) Retail leaf tobacco dealers, thirty pesos.
(m) Manufacturers of tobacco and manufacturers of
cigars or cigarettes, twenty pesos.
(n) Tobacco dealers, eight pesos.
(o) Manufacturers, or importers of playing cards,
eighty pesos.
(p) Manufacturers, producers, or importers of soft
drinks or mineral waters, fifty pesos.
(q) Stockholders, real estate brokers, commercial
brokers, customs brokers, and immigration brokers, eighty pesos.
(r) Owners of race tracks, for each day on which
races are run on any track, three hundred pesos.
(s) Lending investors —
1. In chartered cities and first-class
municipalities, two hundred pesos;
2. In second-class municipalities, one hundred and
fifty pesos;
3. In third-class municipalities, one hundred pesos;
and
4. In fourth and fifth-class municipalities and
municipal districts, fifty pesos: Provided, That lending investors who
do business as such in more than one province shall pay a tax of two
hundred pesos.
(t) Business agents (agentes de negocios), forty
pesos.
Section 194. Words and phrases defined. — In applying the provisions of
the preceding section, words and phrases shall be taken in the sense
and extension indicated below:
(a) "Brewer" comprises all persons who manufacture
fermented liquors of any description for sale or delivery to others,
but does not include manufacturers of tuba, basi, or tapuy, or similar
domestic fermented liquors whose daily production does not exceed two
hundred gauge liters.
(b) "Distiller of spirits" comprises all who distill
spirituous liquors by original and continuous distillation from mash,
wort, wash, sap, or sirup through continuous closed vessels and pipes
until the manufacture thereof is complete.
(c) "Rectifier" comprises every person who rectifies,
purifies, or refines distilled spirits or wines by any process other
than by original and continuous distillation from mash, wort, wash,
sap, or sirup through continuous closed vessels and pipes until the
manufacture thereof is complete. Every wholesale or retail liquor
dealer who has in his possession any still or mash tub, or who keeps
any other apparatus for the purpose of distilling spirits or in any
manner refining distilled spirits, shall also is regarded as a
rectifier and as being engaged in the business of rectifying.
(d) "Compounder" comprises every person who, without
rectifying, purifying, or refining distilled spirits, shall by mixing
such spirits, wine, or other liquor with any materials except water,
manufacture any intoxicating beverage whatever.
(e) "Repacker of wines or distilled spirits" includes
all persons who remove wines or distilled spirits from the original
container for repacking and selling the same at wholesale.
(f) "Peddler" means any person who either for himself
or on commission travels from place to place in town or country and
sells his goods or offers to sell and deliver the same. Whether a
peddler is a wholesale peddler, or retail peddler of a particular
commodity, shall be determined from the definitions of wholesale dealer
and retail dealer, as hereinbelow given in connection with the
particular commodity peddled. A wholesale peddler of manufactured
tobacco is one who sells for the purpose of resale.
(g) "Wholesale liquor dealer" comprehends every
person who for himself or on commission sells or offers for sale wines
or distilled spirits (other than denatured alcohol) in larger
quantities than five liters at any one time, or who sells or offers the
same for sale for the purpose of resale, irrespective of quantity.
(h) "Wholesale dealer in fermented liquors" means any
one who for himself or on commission sells or offers for sale fermented
liquors in larger quantities than five liters at any one time, or who
sells or offers for sale such fermented liquors (excluding tuba, basi,
tapuy, and similar domestic fermented liquors) for the purpose of
resale, regardless of quantity.
(i) "Retail liquor dealer" includes every person,
except a retail vino dealer, who for himself or on commission sells or
offers for sale wine or distilled spirits (other than the denatured
alcohol) in quantities of five liters or less at any one time and not
for resale.
(j) "Retail vino dealer" includes every person who
for himself or on commission sells or offers for sale only domestic
distilled spirits in quantities of five liters or less at any one time
and not for resale.
(k) "Retail dealer in fermented liquors" includes
every person, except retail dealers in tuba, basi, and tapuy, who for
himself or on commission sells or offers for sale fermented liquors in
quantities of five liters or less at any one time and not for resale.
(l) "Retail leaf tobacco dealer" includes every
person who for himself or on commission sells leaf tobacco or offers
the same for sale to any person except a registered dealer in leaf
tobacco or manufacturer of cigars, cigarettes, or manufactured tobacco;
but the term does not include a planter or producer so far as concerns
the sale of leaf tobacco of his own production.
(m) "Manufacturer of tobacco" includes every person
whose business it is to manufacture tobacco or snuff, or who employs
others to manufacture tobacco or snuff, whether such manufacture be by
cutting, pressing, grinding, or robbing any raw or leaf tobacco, or
otherwise preparing raw or leaf tobacco, or manufactured or partially
manufactured tobacco and snuff, or putting up for consumption scraps,
refuse, or stems, scraps, clippings, or waste by sifting, twisting,
screening, or by any other process.
(n) 'Manufacturer of cigars or cigarettes" includes
those whose business it is to make or manufacture cigars or cigarettes
or both for sale or who employ others to make or manufacture cigars or
cigarettes for sale; but the term does not include artisans or
apprentices employed to make cigars or cigarettes from material
supplied by the employer, the latter being lawfully engaged in the
manufacture of cigars and cigarettes.
(o) "Tobacco dealer" comprehends every person who for
himself or on commission sells or offers for sale cigars, cigarettes,
or manufactured tobacco.
(p) "Manufacturer or importer of playing cards"
includes those whose business it is to make manufacture, or import
playing cards for sale.
(q) "Manufacturer, producer, or importer of soft
drinks or mineral waters" includes all persons who manufacture,
produce, or import for sale:
1. Beverages derived wholly or in part from cereals
or substitutes therefor, containing less than one-half of one per
centum of alcohol by volume;
2. Unfermented grape juice. in natural or
concentrated form (whether or not sugar has been added), containing
thirty-five per centum or less of sugar by weight;
3. Unfermented fruit juices (except grape juice), in
natural or slightly concentrated form, or such fruit juice to which
sugar has been added (as distinguished from finished or fountain
syrups), intended for consumption as beverages with the addition of
water or water and sugar, and upon all imitations of any such fruit
juices, and upon all carbonated beverages, commonly known as soft
drinks, manufactured, compounded, or mixed by the use of concentrate,
essence, or extract, instead of a finished or fountain syrup;
4. Still drinks (except grape juice), containing less
than one-half of per centum of alcohol by volume, intended for
consumption as beverages in the form in which sold (except natural or
artificial mineral and table waters and imitations thereof, and pure
apple cider); and
5. Natural or artificial mineral waters or table
waters, whether carbonated or not, and all imitations thereof.
(r) "Stockholder" includes all persons whose business
it is, for themselves or others, to negotiate purchases or sales of
stock, bonds, exchange, bullion, coined money, bank notes, promissory
notes, or other securities.
(s) "Real estate broker" includes all persons whose
business it is, for themselves or others, to negotiate purchases or
sales of lands, buildings, or interests therein, or to negotiate loans
secured by lands, buildings, or interests therein, or to rent real
estate for others or to collect rents thereon
(t) "Commercial broker" includes all persons, other
than importers, manufacturers, producers, or bona fide employees, who,
for compensation or profit, sell or bring about sales or purchases of
merchandise for other persons, or bring proposed buyers and sellers
together, or negotiate freights or other business for owners of
vessels, or other means of transportation, or for the shippers, or
consignors or consignees of freight carried by vessels or other means
of transportation. The term includes commission merchants
(u) "Lending investor" includes all persons who make
a practice of lending money for themselves or others at interest
(v) "Business agent" (agente de negocios) includes
all persons who act as agents of others in the transaction of business
with any public officer, as well as those who conduct collecting,
advertising, employment, or private detective avenues
(w) "Merchant" means a person engaged in the sale,
barter, or exchange of personal property of whatever character. Except
as specifically provided, the term includes manufacturers who sell
articles of their own production.
(x) "Manufacturer" includes every person who by
physical or chemical process alters the exterior texture or form or
inner substance of any raw material or manufactured or partially
manufactured product in such manner as to prepare it for a special use
or uses to which it could not have been put in its original condition,
or who by any such process alters the quality of any such raw material
or manufactured or partially manufactured product so as to reduce it to
marketable shape or prepare it for any of the uses of industry, or who
by any such process combines any such raw material or manufactured or
partially manufactured products with other materials or products of the
same or of different kinds and in such manner that the finished product
of such process of manufacture can be put to a special use or uses to
which such raw material or manufactured or partially manufactured
products in their original condition could not have been put, and who
in addition alters such raw material or manufactured or partially
manufactured products, or combines the same to produce such finished
products for the purpose of their sale or distributions to others and
not for his own use or consumption.
Section 195. Percentage tax on stock, real estate, commercial, customs,
and immigration brokers. — Stock, real estate, commercial, customs, and
immigration brokers shall pay a percentage tax equivalent to four per
centum of the gross compensation received by them in excess of five
hundred pesos per quarter.
The records kept by said brokers may be used as evidence to determine
the amount of the percentage tax due from them, and the Collector of
Internal Revenue may assess and collect the tax due on the compensation
earned in accordance with said records.
In any case, the amount of the compensation of said brokers shall be
reported quarterly within the time established for the other quarterly
reports of sales and receipts.
Section 196. Reduction of tax on race tracks. — The provincial board of
any province or the city council of any chartered city may in any year
reduce the per diem tax on race tracks for the ensuing calendar year or
years to any amount not less than twenty pesos; but no such reduction
shall be made for the City of Manila or for any place situated within a
radius of ten kilometers from the boundary of the City of Manila.
Written notice of such action shall be sent to the Collector of
Internal Revenue before the same shall become effective.
Section 197. Privilege secured by payment of tax. — A person who has
paid the tax as a manufacturer of distilled spirits, manufactured
liquors or wines, fermented liquors, cigars, cigarettes, snuff, or
other manufactured tobacco may, without further payment of privilege
tax, sell his products at wholesale and in the original packages at the
place of manufacture, but not otherwise.
A retail liquor dealer may without further payment of privilege tax
engage in business as a retail vino dealer.
Section 198. Continuation of business of deceased person.-When any
individual paying a business tax dies and the same business is
continued by the person or persons interested in his estate, no
additional payment shall be required for the residue of the term for
which the tax was paid.
Section 199. Removal of business to other location. — Any business for
which the privilege tax has been paid may, subject to the regulations
of the Department of Finance, be removed and continued in any other
place without the payment of additional tax during the term for which
the payment was made.
Section 200. Revocation of privilege. — When a person doing business
under the provisions of this Title as a retail liquor dealer, retail
vino dealer, dealer in fermented liquors, or as a peddler of tobacco or
liquor, is abusing his privilege to the injury of the public morals or
peace, or when a place where any such business is established has been
or is conducted in a disorderly or unlawful manner, or is a nuisance,
or is permitted to be used as a resort for disorderly characters,
criminals, or women of ill repute, the Collector of Internal Revenue
may, after due investigation, and with the approval of the Department
Head, revoke such privilege, subject to appeal to the President of the
Philippines, whose action on the appeal shall be final. Such revocation
shall operate to forfeit all sums which may have been paid in respect
of said privilege and to prohibit the sale, by the person whose
privilege is so revoked, if liquor or tobacco for a term which may be
fixed in said order.
CHAPTER II
Tax on Occupation
Section 201. Amount of privilege tax on occupation. — Privilege taxes on
occupation shall be collected as follows, the amount stated being the
sum due for the whole year which may be paid annually or semi-annually:
(a) Lawyers, medical practitioners, land surveyors,
architects, public accountants, civil, electrical, chemical, mechanical
or mining engineers, insurance agents and sub-agents, veterinarians,
dental surgeons, opticians, professional appraisers or connoisseurs of
tobacco and other domestic or foreign products, licensed ship masters,
and marine chief engineers, twenty-four pesos.
The term "mechanical engineers", as used in this section means
professional mechanical engineers as defined in Commonwealth Act
Numbered Two hundred and ninety-four.
(b) Chief mates, marines second engineers,
pharmacists, chiropodists, tattooers, and masseurs, twelve pesos.
Section 202. Exemption of persons employed by Government or engaged in
work of charity. — No occupation tax shall be imposed upon persons in
any branch of the service of the Government of the United States or of
the Government of the Philippines whose entire professional services
are devoted exclusively to such Governments or as applied under their
direction, or upon persons devoting their entire professional services
to any religious, educational, or charitable institution, or hospital,
sanitarium or to any similar establishment, not conducted for private
gain.
CHAPTER III
Administrative Provisions
Section 203. Registration of name or style with provincial revenue agent
or provincial treasurer. — Every person engaged in any business or
occupation on which a privilege tax is imposed by law shall register
with the provincial revenue agent or with the provincial treasurer, in
case no provincial revenue agent is assigned to the province, his name
or style, place of residence, business or occupation, and the place
where such business or occupation is carried on. In case of a firm, the
names and residences of the various persons constituting the same shall
also be registered.
Section 204. Merchants, importers, and manufacturers to issue sales
invoices. — All merchants, importers, or manufacturers subject to tax
under sections 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, and 189, of this Title, shall,
for each sale or transfer of merchandise valued at ten pesos or more,
prepare and issue sales or commercial invoices serially numbered in
duplicate, showing, among other things, their names, or styles, if any,
and business addresses: Provided, That in case of sales or transfers in
the amount of fifty pesos or more the invoices shall further show the
name, or style, if any, and business address of the purchaser. The
original of each sales invoice shall be issued to the purchaser who, if
engaged in any taxable business, shall keep and preserve the same in
his place of business for a period of five years from the date of the
invoice, the duplicate to be kept and preserved by the merchant,
importer, or manufacturer also in his place of business for a like
period.
The Collector of Internal Revenue may, in meritorious cases, exempt any
merchant, importer, or manufacturer from compliance with the provisions
of this section.
Section 205. Sign to be exhibited by distiller, rectifier, compounder,
repacker, and wholesale liquor dealer. — Every person engaged in
distilling or rectifying spirits, compounding liquors, repacking wines
or distilled spirits, and every wholesale liquor dealer, shall keep
conspicuously on the outside of his place of business a sign
exhibiting, in letters not less than six centimeters high, his name or
firm style, with the words "Registered distiller", "Rectifier of
spirits", "Compounder of liquors", "Repacker of wines or distilled
spirit", or "Wholesale liquor dealer", as the case may be, and his
assessment number.
Section 206. Sign to be exhibited by manufacturer of products of
tobacco. — Every manufacturer of cigars, cigarettes, or tobacco, and
every wholesale dealer in leaf tobacco or manufactured products of
tobacco shall place and keep on the outside of the building wherein his
business is carried on, so that it can be distinctly seen, a sign
stating his full name and business in letters not less than six
centimeters high and also giving his assessment number.
Section 207. Exhibition of certificate of payment at place of business.
— The certificate or receipt showing payment of tax issued to a person
engaged in a business or occupation subject to a privilege tax shall be
kept conspicuously exhibited in plain view in or at the place where the
business is conducted or occupation plied; and, in case of a peddler or
other person not having a fixed place of business, shall be kept in the
possession of the holder thereof, subject to production upon the demand
of any internal-revenue officer.
CHAPTER IV
Penal Provisions Especially Applicable to Business and Occupation
Section 208. Unlawful pursuit of business or occupation. — Any person
who distills, rectifies, repacks, compounds, or manufactures any
article subject to a specific tax, without having paid the privilege
tax therefor as required by law, or who knowingly aids or abets in the
conduct of illicit distilling, rectifying, repacking, compounding., or
illicit manufacture of any article subject to a specific tax shall, in
addition to being liable for the payment of such tax, be punished by a
fine a sum not less than five hundred pesos nor more than five thousand
pesos, or by imprisonment for a term of not less than six years, or
both; and all articles distilled, rectified, repacked, compounded, or
manufactured, and all personal property found at the distillery,
repacking, rectifying, compounding, or manufacturing establishment or
in any building, room, yard, or enclosure connected therewith and used
with or constituting a part of the premises on which the distilling,
repacking, rectifying, compounding, or manufacturing of said article is
carried on, and all the right, title, and interest of such person in
the lot or tract of land in which such distillery, repacking,
rectifying, compounding, or manufacturing establishment is situated,
and all the rights, title, and interest therein of every person who
knowingly or with negligence has suffered or permitted the business of
a distiller, repacker, rectifier, compounder, or manufacturer of any
article subject to a specific tax to be there carried on or has
connived at the same, shall be forfeited.
In case of reincidence, the offender under the first paragraph hereof
shall be punished by a fine of not less than two thousand pesos nor
more than fifteen thousand pesos, or by imprisonment of not less than
two years nor more than twelve years, or both.
Any person who carries on any other business, or pursues any calling
for which a fixed privilege tax is imposed without paying such tax as
required by law or who knowingly aids or abets in the conduct of such
business, shall in addition to being liable to the payment of such tax,
be punished by a fine in a sum not exceeding one thousand pesos or by
imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or both.
Section 209. Failure to make return of receipts, sales, or gross value
of output removed, or pay the tax due there on. — Any person who, being
required under this Title to make a return of the amount of his
receipts, sales, business, or gross value of output actually removed,
or pay the tax due thereon, shall fail or neglect to make such return
or pay such tax within the time required, shall be punished by a fine
not exceeding two thousand pesos or by imprisonment for a term not
exceeding one year, or both.
Any such person who shall make a false or fraudulent return shall,
besides being liable to the surcharge prescribed in section 183 of this
Title, be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred pesos nor
more than ten thousand pesos or by imprisonment of not less than six
months but not more than six years, or both.
TITLE VI
Documentary Stamp Tax
Section 210. Stamp taxes upon documents, instruments, and papers. — Upon
documents, instruments, and papers, and upon acceptances, assignments,
sales, and transfers of the obligation, right, or property incident
thereto, there shall be levied, collected and paid, for and in respect
of the transaction so had or accomplished, the corresponding
documentary stamp taxes prescribed in the following sections of this
Title, by the person making, signing, issuing, accepting, or
transferring the same, and at the time such act is done or transaction
had.
Section 211. Stamp tax on bonds, debentures, and certificates of
indebtedness. — On all bonds, debentures, and certificates of
indebtedness issued by any association, company, or corporation, there
shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of twenty centavos on each
two hundred pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the face value of
such documents.
Section 212. Stamp tax on original issue of certificates of stock. — On
every original issue, whether on organization, reorganization, or for
any lawful purpose, of certificates of stock by any association,
company, or corporation, there shall be collected a documentary stamp
tax of twenty centavos on each two hundred pesos, or fractional part
thereof, of the par value of such certificates: Provided, That in the
case of the original issue of stock without par value the amount of the
documentary stamp tax herein prescribed shall be based upon the actual
consideration received by the association, company, or corporation for
the issuance of such stock and in the case of stock dividends, on the
actual value represented by each share.
Section 213. Stamp tax on sales, agreements to sell, memoranda of sales,
deliveries or transfers of bonds, due bills, certificates of
obligation, or shares or certificates of stock. — On all sales, or
agreements to sell, or memoranda of sales, or deliveries, or transfer
of bonds, due-bills, certificates of obligation, or shares or
certificates of stock, in any association, company, or corporation, or
transfer of such securities by assignment in blank, or by delivery, or
by any paper, or agreement, or memorandum or other evidences of
transfer or sale whether entitling the holder in any manner to the
benefit of such bonds, due-bills, certificates of obligation or stock,
or to secure the future payment of money, or for the future transfer of
any bond, due-bill, certificate of obligation or stock, there shall be
collected a documentary stamp tax of four centavos on each two hundred
pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the par value of such bond,
due-bill, certificates of obligation or stock, there shall be collected
a documentary stamp tax of four centavos on each two hundred pesos or
fractional part thereof of the par value of such bond, due bills,
certificates of obligation or stock: Provided, That only one tax shall
be collected on each sale or transfer of stock or securities from one
person to another, regardless of whether or not a certificates of stock
or obligation is issued, indorsed, or delivered in pursuance of such
sale or transfer: And provided, further, That in the case of stock
without par value the amount of the documentary stamp tax herein
prescribed shall be equivalent to twenty per centum of the documentary
stamp tax paid upon the original issue of said stock.
Section 214. Stamp tax on bonds, debentures, certificates of stock or
indebtedness issued in foreign countries. — On all bonds, debentures,
certificates of stock, or certificates of indebtedness issued in any
foreign country, there shall be collected from the person selling or
transferring the same in the Philippines such tax as is required by law
on similar instruments when issued, sold, or transferred in the
Philippines.
Section 215. Stamp tax on certificates of profits or interest in
property or accumulations. — On all certificates of profits, or
memorandum showing interest in the property or accumulations of any
association, company, or corporation, and on all transfers of such
certificates or memoranda, there shall be collected a documentary stamp
tax of two centavos on each two hundred pesos, or fractional part
thereof, of the face value of such certificate or memorandum.
Section 216. Stamp tax on bank checks, drafts, certificates of deposit
not bearing interest, and other instruments. — On each bank check,
draft, or certificate of deposit not drawing interest, or order for the
payment of any sum of money drawn upon or issued by any bank, trust
company, or any person or persons, companies or corporations, at sight
or on demand, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of two
centavos.
Section 217. Stamp tax on negotiable promissory notes, bills of
exchange, drafts, certificates of deposit bearing interest and others
not payable on sight or demand. — On all bills of exchange (between
points within the Philippines), drafts or certificates of deposit
drawing interest, or orders for the payment of any sum of money
otherwise than at sight or on demand, or on all negotiable promissory
notes, except bank notes issued for circulation, and on each renewal of
any such note, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of two
centavos on each two hundred pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the
face value of any such bill of exchange, draft, certificate of deposit,
or note.
Section 218. Stamp tax upon acceptance of bills of exchange and others.
— Upon any acceptance or payment of any bill of exchange or order for
the payment of money purporting to be drawn in a foreign country but
payable in the Philippines, there shall be collected a documentary
stamp tax of four centavos on each two hundred pesos, or fractional
part thereof, of the face value of any such bill of exchange or order,
or the Philippine equivalent of such value, if expressed in foreign
currency.
Section 219. Stamp tax on foreign bills of exchange and letters of
credit. — On all foreign bills of exchange and letters of credit
(including orders, by telegraph or otherwise, for the payment of money
issued by express or steamship companies or by any person or persons)
drawn in but payable out of the Philippines, in a set of three or more
according to the custom of merchants and bankers, there shall be
collected a documentary stamp tax of four centavos on each two hundred
pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the face value of any such bill
of exchange or letter of credit, or the Philippine equivalent of such
face value, if expressed in foreign currency.
Section 220. Stamp tax on life insurance policies. — On all policies of
insurance or other instruments by whatever name the same may be called,
whereby any insurance shall be made or renewed upon any life or lives,
there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of ten centavos on
each two hundred pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the amount
insured by any such policy.
Section 221. Stamp tax on policies of insurance upon property. — On all
policies of insurance or other instruments by whatever name the same
may be called, by which insurance shall be made or renewed upon
property of any description, including rents or profits, against peril
by sea or on inland waters, or by fire or lightning, there shall be
collected a documentary stamp tax of four centavos on each four pesos,
or fractional part thereof, of the amount of premium charged.
Section 222. Stamp tax on fidelity bonds and other insurance policies. —
On all policies of insurance or bonds or obligations of the nature of
indemnity for loss, damage, or liability made or renewed by any person,
association, company or corporation transacting the business of
accident, fidelity, employer's liability, plate glass, steam boiler,
burglar, elevator, automatic sprinkler, or other branch of insurance
(except life, marine, inland, and fire insurance), and all bonds,
undertakings, or recognizances conditioned for the performance of the
duties of any office or position, for the doing or not doing of
anything therein specified, and on all obligations guaranteeing the
validity or legality of any bonds or other obligations issued by any
province, city, municipality, or other public body or organization, and
on all obligations guaranteeing the title to any real estate, or
guaranteeing any mercantile credits, which may be made or renewed by
any such person, company or corporation, there shall be collected a
documentary stamp tax of four centavos on each four pesos, or
fractional part thereof, of the premium charged.
Section 223. Stamp tax on policies of annuities. — On all policies of
annuities, or other instruments by whatever name the same may be
called, whereby an annuity may be made, transferred, or redeemed, there
shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of twenty centavos, on each
two hundred pesos, or fractional part thereof, of the capital of the
annuity, or should this be unknown, then on each two hundred pesos, or
fractional part thereof, of thirty-three and one-third times the annual
income.
Section 224. Stamp tax on indemnity bonds. — On all bonds for
indemnifying any person, firm, or corporation who shall become bound or
engaged as surety for the payment of any sum of money or for the due
execution or performance of the duties of any office or position to
account for money received by virtue thereof, and on all other bonds of
any description, except such as may be required in legal proceedings or
are otherwise provided for herein, there shall be collected a
documentary stamp of fifty centavos.
Section 225. Stamp tax on certificates. — On each certificate of damage,
or otherwise, and on every other certificate or document issued by any
customs officer, marine surveyor, or other person acting as such, and
on each certificate issued by a notary public, and on each certificate
of any description required by law, or by rules or regulations of a
public office, or which is issued for the purpose of giving
information, or establishing proof of a fact, and not otherwise
specified herein, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of
twenty centavos: Provided, That in the case of tax clearance
certificates, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of ten
pesos on each certificate for a first class passenger; five pesos for a
second or tourist class passenger; and one peso for a third class or
steerage passenger.
Section 226. Stamp tax on warehouse receipts. — On each warehouse
receipt for property held in storage in a public or private warehouse
or yard for any other person than the proprietor of such warehouse or
yard himself, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of
twenty centavos: Provided, That no tax shall be collected on each
warehouse receipt issued to any one person in any one calendar month
covering property the value of which does not exceed two hundred pesos.
Section 227. Stamp tax on bills of lading or receipts. — On each set of
bills of lading or receipts (except charter party) for any goods,
merchandise, or effects shipped from one port or place in the
Philippines to another port or place in the Philippines, or to any
foreign port, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of four
centavos, if the value of such goods exceeds five pesos and does not
exceed two hundred pesos; ten centavos, if the value exceeds two
hundred pesos and does not exceed one thousand pesos; twenty centavos,
if the value exceeds one thousand pesos and does not exceed five
thousand pesos and does not exceed ten thousand pesos; and one peso, if
the value exceeds ten thousand pesos
Section 228. Stamp tax on passage tickets. — On each passage ticket,
whether a single fare or return ticket, or any receipt for money paid
for the passage of a person on any vessel or other means of
transportation other than a vessel or other means of transportation
belonging to the Government of the Philippines or the Government of the
United States from any port or place in the Philippines to any port or
place in the United States, or any other foreign country there shall be
collected a documentary stamp tax at the following rates:
(a) If said passage costs not more than sixty pesos,
three pesos.
(b) If said passage costs not more than sixty pesos,
and not more than one hundred twenty pesos, five pesos.
(c) If said passage costs more than one hundred and
twenty pesos and not more than two hundred and fifty pesos, seven pesos.
(d) If said passage costs more than two hundred and
fifty pesos, ten pesos.
Section 229. Stamp tax on proxies. — On each proxy for voting at any
election for officers of any company or association, or for any other
purpose, except proxies issued affecting the affairs of associations or
corporations organized for religious, charitable, or literary purposes,
there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax of thirty centavos.
Section 230. Stamp tax on powers of attorney. — On each power of
attorney to perform any act whatsoever, except acts connected with the
collection of claims due from or accruing to the Government of the
United States, the Government of the Philippines or the government of
any province, city, or municipality, there shall be collected a
documentary stamp tax of twenty centavos; Provided, however, That on
each power of attorney which authorizes another to administer, sell,
lease, or otherwise dispose of the property of a principal, there shall
be collected a documentary stamp tax of forty centavos
Section 231. Stamp tax on leases and other hiring agreements. — On each
lease, agreement, memorandum, or contract for the hire, use or rent of
any lands or tenements, or portions thereof, there shall be collected a
documentary stamp tax at the following rates:
(a) If executed for not more than one year, forty
centavos
(b) If executed for more than one year and not more
than three years, one peso.
(c) If executed for more than three years, two pesos.
Section 232. Stamp tax on mortgages, pledges, and deeds of trust. — On
every mortgage or pledge of lands, estate, or property, real or
personal, heritable or movable, whatsoever, where the same shall be
made as a security for the payment of any definite and certain sum of
money lent at the time or previously due and owing or forborne to be
paid being payable, and on any conveyance of land, estate, or property,
whatsoever, in trust or to be sold, or otherwise converted into money,
which shall be and intended only as security, either by express
stipulation or otherwise, there shall be collected a documentary stamp
tax at the following rates:
(a) When the amount for which the mortgage or deed of
trust is given exceeds one thousand pesos and does not exceed three
thousand pesos, one peso.
(b) On each three thousand pesos or fractional part
thereof in excess of three thousand pesos, an additional tax of one
peso.
Section 233. Stamp tax on deeds of sale and conveyance of real property.
— On all conveyance, deeds, instruments, or writings, other than
grants, patents, or original certificates of adjudication issued by the
Government, whereby any lands, tenements, or other real property sold
shall be granted, assigned, transferred, or otherwise conveyed to the
purchaser or purchasers, or to any other person or persons designated
by such purchaser or purchasers, there shall be collected a documentary
stamp tax at the following rates:
(a) When the consideration, or value received or
contracted to be paid for such real property, after making proper
allowance for any encumbrance, exceeds two hundred pesos and does not
exceed one thousand pesos, fifty centavos.
(b) For each additional one thousand pesos, or
fractional part thereof in excess of one thousand pesos of such
consideration or value, one peso.
When it appears that the amount of the documentary stamp tax payable
thereunder has been reduced by an incorrect statement of the
consideration in any conveyance, deed, instrument, or writing subject
to such tax, the Collector of Internal Revenue, provincial or city
treasurer, or other revenue officer shall from the assessment rolls or
other reliable source of information, assess the property at its true
market value and collect the proper tax thereon.
Section 234. Stamp tax on charter parties and similar instruments. — On
every charter party, contract, or agreement for the charter of any
ship, vessel, or steamer, or any letter or memorandum or other writing
between the captain, master, or owner, or other person acting as agent
of any ship, vessel, or steamer, and any other person or persons for or
relating to the charter of any ship, vessel, or steamer, and on any
renewal or transfer of such charter, contract, agreement, letter, or
memorandum, there shall be collected a documentary stamp tax at the
following rates:
(a) If the registered gross tonnage of the ship,
vessel or steamer does not exceed three hundred tons, and the duration
of the charter or contract does not exceed six months, twelve pesos;
and for each month or fraction of a month in excess of six months, an
additional tax of two pesos shall be paid.
(b) If the registered gross tonnage exceeds three
hundred tons and does not exceed six hundred tons, and the duration of
the charter or contract does not exceed six months, twenty-four pesos;
and for each month or fraction of a month in excess of six months, an
additional tax of four pesos shall be paid.
(c) If the registered gross tonnage exceeds six
hundred tons and the duration of the charter or contract does not
exceed six months, forty-eight pesos; and for each month or fraction of
a month in excess of six months, an additional tax of eight pesos shall
be paid.
Section 235. Stamp tax on assignments and renewals of certain
instruments. — Upon each and every assignment or transfer of any
mortgage, lease, or policy of insurance, or the renewal or continuance
of any agreement, contract, charter, or an evidence of obligation or
indebtedness by altering or otherwise, there shall be levied, collected
and paid a documentary stamp tax, at the same rate as that imposed on
the original instrument.
Section 236. Documents and papers not subject to stamp tax. — The
following instruments, documents, and papers shall be exempt from the
documentary stamp tax:
(a) Bonds, debentures, and certificates of
indebtedness issued by the National Government or any provincial, city,
or municipal government.
(b) Checks, drafts, warrants, and bills of exchange
issued in payment of any debt, obligation, or liability, or in
fulfillment of any contract of the Government of the United States, or
the National Government, or of a provincial, city, or municipal
government.
(c) Policies of insurance or annuities made or
granted by a fraternal or beneficiary society, order, association, or
cooperative company, operated on the lodge system or local cooperation
plan, and organized and conducted solely by the members thereof for the
exclusive benefit of its members and not for profit.
(d) Certificates of oaths administered to any
Government official, in his official capacity, or of acknowledgment by
any Government official in the performance of his official duties;
written appearances in any court by any Government official, in his
official capacity; certificates of the administration of oaths to any
person as to the authenticity of any paper required to be filed in
court by any person or party thereto, whether the proceedings be civil
or criminal; papers and documents filed in courts by or for the
Government of the United States, or the national, provincial, city, or
municipal governments; affidavits of poor persons for the purpose of
proving poverty; statements and other compulsory information required
of persons or corporations by rules and regulations of the Government
of the United States, or the national, provincial, city, or municipal
governments exclusively for statistical purposes and which are wholly
for the use of the bureau or office in which the same are filed, and
not at the instance or for the use or benefit of the person filing the
same; certified copies and other certificates placed upon documents,
instruments, and papers for the Government of the United States, or for
the national, provincial, city, or municipal governments, made at the
instance and for the sole use of some other branch of the Government of
the United States, or of the national, provincial, city, or municipal
governments; and certificates of the assessed value of lands, not
exceeding two hundred pesos in value assessed, furnished by provincial,
city, or municipal treasurer to applicants for registration of title to
land.
When any bond, note, or other obligation is secured by a mortgage,
pledge, deed of trust, or by the assignment or transfer of any
documentary security, one tax only shall be collected upon such papers,
such tax to be at the highest rate imposed on such mortgage, bond,
note, obligation, or other document, as the case may be.
Section 237. Payment of documentary stamp tax cancellation of stamp. —
Documentary stamp taxes shall be paid by the purchase and affixture of
documentary stamps to the document or instrument taxed or to such other
paper as may be indicated by law or regulations as the proper recipient
of the stamp, and by the subsequent cancellation of the same, such
cancellation to be accomplished by writing, stamping, or perforating
the date of the cancellation across the face of each stamp in such
manner that part of the writing, impression, or perforation shall be on
the stamp itself and part on the paper to which it is attached:
Provided, That, if the cancellation is accomplished by writing or
stamping the date of cancellation, a hole sufficiently large to be
visible to the naked eye shall be punched, cut or perforated on both
the stamp and the document either by the use of a hand punch, knife,
perforating machine, scissors, or any other cutting instrument; but if
the cancellation is accomplished by perforating the date of
cancellation, no other hole need be made on the stamp.
In appropriate cases, and in the discretion of the Collector of
Internal Revenue, documentary stamps may be imprinted on certain
documents upon payment of the face value of such stamps, in which case
the imprinted stamps need not be canceled as indicated in the preceding
paragraph.
When the evidence of a sale or transfer is shown only on the books of a
company, the stamp shall be affixed to such books; and in case of the
issuance of certificates of stock or other securities or passage
tickets, the stamp shall be affixed to the stub or duplicate to be kept
in the office of the person or company issuing such certificates,
securities, or tickets; and in case the change of ownership is by
transfer of certificates the stamp shall be affixed to the certificate;
and in case of an agreement to sell, or when the transfer is by
delivery of the certificate assigned in blank, there shall be made and
delivered by the seller to the buyer a bill or memorandum of such sale
to which the stamp shall be affixed; and every such bill or memorandum
of sale, or agreement to sell, shall show the date thereof, the name of
the seller and/or of the purchaser, the amount of the sale, and matter
or thing to which it refers: Provided, That where the sale is effected
through a broker, the memorandum of sale herein required shall be made
and delivered by said broker: And provided, further, That for the
purpose of this section a notice of sale to the vendor, commonly known
as "confirmation slip," shall be considered as a bill or memorandum of
sale.
Section 238. Effect of failure to stamp taxable document. — An
instrument, document, or paper which is required by law to be stamped
and which has been signed, issued, accepted, or transferred without
being duly stamped, shall not be recorded, nor shall it or any copy
thereof or any record of transfer of the same be admitted or used in
evidence in any court until the requisite stamp or stamps shall have
been affixed thereto and cancelled
No notary public or other officer authorized to administer oaths shall
add his jurat or acknowledgment to any document subject to documentary
stamp tax unless the proper documentary stamps are affixed thereto and
canceled.
Section 239. Failure to affix or cancel documentary stamps. — Any person
who fails to affix the correct amount of documentary stamps to any
taxable document, instrument, or paper, or to cancel in the manner
prescribed in section 237 any documentary stamp affixed to any
document, instrument, or paper, shall be subject to a fine of not less
than twenty pesos nor more than three hundred pesos.
Section 240. Falsification, or counterfeiting, restoration, or
alteration of documentary stamps; possession or use of false,
counterfeit, restored, or altered stamps. — Any person who makes,
sells, or uses any false, counterfeit, restored, or altered documentary
stamps, or makes, sells, or uses any die for printing or making stamps
which are in imitation of or purport to be a lawful stamp or die of the
kind required by the provisions of this Title, or who erases the
cancellation marks or any stamp previously used, or who alters the
written or printed figures or letters or cancellation marks on any
stamp previously used, or who has in his possession any such false,
counterfeit, restored, or altered stamp or die for the purpose of using
the same in the payment of internal-revenue tax or in securing any
exemption or privilege conferred by this Code, or who procures the
commission of any such offense by another, shall for each offense be
fined in a sum not less than three hundred pesos nor more than five
thousand pesos and imprisoned for a term not less than three months nor
more than five years.
TITLE VII
Mining Taxes
Section 241. Occupation fee. — Any locator, holder, or occupant of any
mining claim shall pay to the Collector of Internal Revenue in advance,
upon the expiration of the period of two years from the date of the
registration of the claim in the office of the Mining Recorder, and on
the same date every year thereafter, an annual occupation fee of one
peso per hectare, or fractional part thereof, until the lease covering
the mining claim shall have been granted. Fifty per centum of all the
fees collected under this section shall accrue to the province, and
fifty per centum to the municipality in which the mining claims are
located: Provided, That in case the mining claims are located in a
chartered city, the full amount shall accrue to the city concerned.
Failure to pay the occupation fee herein required within thirty days
after demand shall cause the mining claims to be open to relocation and
lease by other persons qualified to locate and lease the same under the
provisions of the Mining Act, in the same manner as if no location of
the said mining claims had ever been made, unless the locator, holder,
occupant, his heirs, executors, administrators, or legal
representatives, shall have paid the delinquent occupation fees and
have resumed occupation of the claims before relocation by other
persons.
No lease shall be granted on any mining claim until the occupation fees
required to be paid under this section shall have been fully paid:
Provided, however, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to
extend the period of four years within which application for lease of a
mining claim shall be filed from the date of the recording of the claim
in the office of the Mining Recorder, as provided for in the Mining Act.
Section 242. Rentals and royalties on mineral lands under lease. — For
the privilege of exploring, developing, mining, extracting, and
disposing of the minerals from the lands covered by his lease, the
lessee shall pay to the Government of the Philippines, through the
Collector of Internal Revenue, rentals and royalties as follows:
(a) Rentals.
(1) On coal-bearing public lands, an annual rental,
payable in advance on the date of the approval of the lease and on the
same date every year thereafter, on the lands covered by such lease, at
the rate of two pesos and fifty centavos per hectare or fraction
thereof for each and every year for the first ten years, and five pesos
per hectare or fraction thereof for each and every year thereafter
during the life of the lease: Provided, That such rental for any year
shall be credited against the royalties as they accrue for that year as
provided in subsection (b) hereof: And provided, further, That such
rental and royalties paid during any year shall be credited against the
specific tax provided for in section 143.
(2) On all mineral lands of the first, second,
fourth, and fifth groups provided under the Mining Act, one peso per
hectare or fraction thereof. The rental shall be paid in advance to the
provincial, city, or deputy provincial treasurers on the date of the
granting of the lease and on the same date every year thereafter during
the life of the lease. Fifty per centum of all the rentals collected
shall accrue to the province, and fifty per centum to the municipality
in which the mining claims are located: Provided, That in case the
mining claims are located in a chartered city, the full amount shall
accrue to that city.
(b) Royalties.
(1) On coal, such royalties as may be specified in
the lease, which shall not be less than ten centavos per ton of one
thousand and sixteen kilograms.
(2) On gold, a royalty based on the actual market
value of the annual gross output thereof, as follows:
One and one-half per centum upon the first five hundred thousand pesos
of the value of said output:
Two and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed one million
pesos;
Three and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds one million pesos and does not exceed one million five hundred
thousand pesos;
Four and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds one million five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed two
million pesos;
Five and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds two million pesos and does not exceed two million five hundred
thousand pesos:
Six and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds three million pesos and does not exceed four million pesos;
Seven and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds four million pesos and does not exceed five million pesos;
Eight per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds six
million pesos and does not exceed seven million pesos;
Eight and one-fourth per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds seven million pesos and does not exceed eight million pesos:
Eight and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds eight million pesos and does not exceed ten million pesos;
Eight and three-fourths per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds ten million pesos and does not exceed twelve million pesos;
Nine per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds twelve
million pesos and does not exceed fourteen million pesos:
Nine and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds fourteen million pesos and does not exceed sixteen million
pesos;
Nine and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds sixteen million pesos and does not exceed eighteen million
pesos:
Nine and three-fourths per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds eighteen million pesos and does not exceed twenty million
pesos; and
Ten per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds twenty
million pesos.
(3) On all other minerals extracted from or mineral
products of, mineral lands of the first, second, fourth, and fifth
groups as provided for in the Mining Act, a royalty of one and one-half
per centum of the actual market value of the gross output thereof.
Before the minerals or mineral products are removed from the mines, the
Collector of Internal Revenue or his representative shall first be
notified of such removal on a form prescribed for the purpose.
The rentals and royalties at the rates herein established or at such
rates as hereafter may be prescribed by law shall be paid by the lessee
and a provision to this effect shall be deemed to be a part of every
contract of lease covering the mineral lands and mineral product
referred to in this section
Section 243. Ad valorem taxes on output of mineral lands not covered by
lease. — There shall be assessed and collected on the actual market
value of the annual gross output of the minerals or mineral products
extracted or produced from all mineral lands, not covered by lease, an
ad valorem tax, payable to the Collector of Internal Revenue, as
follows:
(1) On gold —
One and one-half per centum upon the first five hundred thousand pesos
of the value of said output;
Two and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed one million
pesos;
Three and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds one million pesos and does not exceed one million five hundred
thousand pesos;
Four and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds one million five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed two
million pesos;
Five and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds two million pesos and does not exceed two million five hundred
thousand pesos;
Six and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds two million five hundred thousand pesos and does not exceed
three million pesos;
Seven per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds three
million pesos and does not exceed four million pesos;
Seven and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds four million pesos and does not exceed five million pesos;
Seven and three-fourths per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds five million pesos and does not exceed six million pesos;
Eight per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds six
million pesos and does not exceed seven million pesos;
Eight and one-fourth per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds seven million pesos and does not exceed eight million pesos;
Eight and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds eight million pesos and does not exceed ten million pesos;
Eight and three-fourths per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds ten million pesos and does not exceed twelve million pesos;
Nine per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds twelve
million pesos and does not exceed fourteen million pesos;
Nine and one-fourth per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds fourteen million pesos and does not exceed sixteen million
pesos;
Nine and one-half per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds sixteen million pesos and does not exceed eighteen million
pesos;
Nine and three-fourths per centum upon the amount by which such output
exceeds eighteen million pesos and does not exceed twenty million
pesos; and
Ten per centum upon the amount by which such output exceeds twenty
million pesos.
(2) On all other minerals, one and one-half per
centum of the value of said output.
Before the minerals or mineral products are removed from the mines, the
Collector of Internal Revenue or his representative shall first be
notified of such removal on a form prescribed for the purpose.
Section 244. Deductions from royalty or ad valorem tax on the output of
gold. — The following deductions from the royalty or ad valorem tax, as
the case may be, on the annual gross output of gold shall be allowed:
(a) Twenty-five per centum in the case of gold placer
mines;
(b) Fifteen per centum in the case of lode mines
producing gold from ores which average less than ten pesos but more
than seven pesos per ton; and
(c) Thirty per centum in the case of lode mines
prorefining, transporting, handling, marketing, or any other producing
gold from ores which average less than seven pesos per ton.
The average value per ton of ore shall be determined by dividing the
total gross output of gold in pesos for any year by the total number of
tons milled or shipped as crude ore during that year for any particular
lode mine.
Section 245. Time and manner of payment of royalties or ad valorem
taxes. — The royalties or ad valorem taxes, as the case may be, shall
be due and payable upon the removal of the mineral products from the
locality where mined. However, the output of the mine may be removed
from such locality without the prepayment of such royalties or ad
valorem taxes if the lessee, owner, or operator shall file a bond in
the form and amount and with such sureties as the Collector of Internal
Revenue may require, conditioned upon the payment of such royalties or
ad valorem taxes, in which case, it shall be the duty of every lessee,
owner, or operator of a mine to make a true and complete return in
duplicate under oath setting forth the quantity and the actual market
value of the output of his mine removed during each calendar quarter
and pay the royalties or ad valorem taxes due thereon within twenty
days after the close of said quarter.
In case the royalties or ad valorem taxes are not paid within the
period prescribed above, there shall be added thereto a surcharge of
twenty-five per centum. Where a false or fraudulent return is made,
there shall be added to the royalties or ad valorem taxes a surcharge
of fifty per centum of their amount. The surcharge so added shall be
collected in the same manner and as part of the royalties or ad valorem
taxes, as the case may be.
Section 246. Definition of the term "gross output". — The term "gross
output" shall be interpreted as the actual market value of minerals or
mineral products, or of bullion from each mine or mineral lands
operated as a separate entity without any deduction for mining, milling
refining, transporting, handling, marketing, or any other expenses:
Provided, however, That if the minerals or mineral products are sold or
consigned abroad by the lessee or owner of the mine under C.I.F. terms,
the actual cost of ocean freight and insurance shall be deducted. The
output of any group of contiguous mining claims shall not be
subdivided. All the royalties or ad valorem taxes herein provided shall
accrue to the National Treasury.
Section 247. Deductions from royalties payable by persons removing
minerals from private lands. — In case mining is carried on upon
private lands, the royalty due on the value of the output of such mines
under any and all leases granted for the purpose shall be reduced by
five per centum of the amount due to the Government under the
provisions of this Title. The amount so reduced to be paid by the
lessee to the land owner. This privilege shall not be granted to any
person acquiring an option on the surface right after any mining
location has been made on the minerals found therein.
Section 248. Specific penalties. — Anyone liable to make a return of the
actual market value of the output of mines or to pay the royalties or
ad valorem taxes required in section 245, who refuses or neglects to
file such return, or to pay such royalties or ad valorem taxes at the
time or time specified therein and any lessee, owner, or person in
charge of any minerals or mineral products upon which the royalties or
ad valorem taxes imposed in this Title are applicable, who removes, in
violation of the first paragraph of said section, or who allows or
procures the unlawful removal from the place where mined of any such
products, upon which the royalties or ad valorem taxes have not been
paid; and any person who abets or aids in the unlawful removal of
minerals or mineral products, shall be fined not more than one thousand
pesos or imprisoned for not more than six months, or both.
Anyone required by this Title to make, render, or file a return of the
actual value of the output of mines, who makes, renders, or files a
false or fraudulent return with intent to defeat or evade the payment
of the royalties or ad valorem taxes, as the case may be, shall be
fined not more than four thousand pesos or imprisoned for not more than
one year, or both.
TITLE VIII
Miscellaneous Taxes
CHAPTER I
Taxes on Resources of Banks
Section 249. Tax on capital, deposits, and circulation
of banks. — Subject to the exemptions herein made, there shall be
collected from banks the following taxes on capital, deposits, and
circulation.
(a) Upon the capital employed by the bank, for each
month, one twenty-fourth of one per centum.
(b) Upon the average amount of deposits of money,
subject to payment by check or draft, or represented by certificates of
deposit or otherwise, whether payable on demand or at some future day,
for each month, one eighteenth of one per centum.
(c) Upon the average amount of circulation issued by
the bank, including as circulation all notes and other obligations
calculated or intended to circulate or be used as money, but not
including such as may be retained in the vault of the bank or redeemed
and on deposit for said bank, for each month, one-twelfth of one per
centum.
(d) Upon the amount of reserve deficiencies incurred
by the bank, and for the periods of their duration, as provided in
section 126 of Act Numbered one thousand four hundred and fifty-nine,
as amended by Act Numbered Three Thousand six hundred and ten, one per
centum per month.
"Bank," as herein used, includes every incorporated or other bank, and
every person, association, or company having a place of business where
credits are opened by the deposit or collection of money or currency
subject to be paid or remitted upon draft, check, or order, or where
money is advanced or loaned on stocks, bonds, bullion, bills of
exchange, or promissory notes, are received for discount or for sale.
"Capital employed" does not include money borrowed or received from
time to time in the usual course of business from any person whose sole
business is lending money on real estate security.
Section 250. Times for payment of tax. — Increase of tax in case of
delinquency. — These taxes shall be due at intervals of six
months-namely, on the first of January and July for the respective
preceding half-year periods; and if any such tax remains unpaid for
four months thereafter, the amount of the tax shall be increased by
twenty-five per centum, the increment to be a part of the tax.
Section 251. Banker's semi-annual report of business done. — A report of
the monthly amount of capital, deposits, and circulation shall be
rendered on or before the first of May and first of November of each
year by each bank subject to the tax above prescribed, with a
declaration annexed thereto under oath of the president, cashier,
manager, or proprietor to the effect that such report contains a true,
faithful, and correct statement of the amounts subject to tax as
aforesaid for the period therein covered.
Section 252. Computing resources of bank incorporated abroad. — The
amount of capital used by a bank within the Philippines, when such bank
is a branch of a bank incorporated under the laws of the United States
or a foreign country, shall, for the purposes of assessment hereunder
be determined in the following manner: The total amount of the capital
of the bank shall be ascertained, and, likewise the total amount of the
net earnings of the bank accruing during the preceding six months, and
also the total amount of the net earnings accruing from the bank's
business conducted in the Philippines, and such a proportion of the
total capital of the bank shall be deemed to have been employed in the
Philippines as the net earnings in the Philippines bear to the total
net earnings of the bank: Provided, however, That the amount of capital
deemed to have been employed by a foreign banking corporation in this
country shall, in no case, be less than the minimum capital required of
a bank organized under the laws of the Philippines.
Section 253. Exemption of savings institutions. — The deposits in
associations or companies known as provident institutions, savings
banks, savings funds, or savings institutions, having no capital stock
and which do no other business than receiving deposits to be loaned or
invested for the sole benefit of the parties making such deposits and
without profit or compensation to the association or company, shall be
exempt from this tax on so much of their deposits as such institutions
have invested in securities satisfactory to the Treasurer of the
Philippines and on all deposits, not exceeding four thousand pesos,
made in the name of any one person.
Section 254. Exemption in case of reduced circulation. — When the
outstanding circulation of any bank is reduced to an amount not
exceeding five per centum of the chartered or declared capital existing
at the time the same was issued, such circulation shall be free from
taxation; and when any bank which has ceased to issue notes or
circulation deposits with the Treasurer of the Philippines in lawful
money, the amount of its outstanding circulation to be redeemed at par,
under such regulations as the Secretary of Finance may prescribe, it
shall be exempt from any tax upon said circulation.
CHAPTER II
Taxes on Receipts of Insurance Companies
Section 255. Tax on insurance premiums. — There shall be collected from
every person, company, or corporation (except purely cooperative
companies or association) doing insurance business of any sort in the
Philippines a tax of one per centum of the total premiums collected
during the first ten years of his or its operation and one and one-half
per centum of the total premiums collected thereafter, whether such
premiums are paid in money, notes, credits, or any substitute for
money, but premiums refunded within six months after payment on account
of rejection of risk or returned for other reason to persons insured
shall not be included in the taxable receipts; nor shall any tax be
paid upon reinsurance by a company that has already paid the tax.
"Cooperative companies or associations" are such as are conducted by
the members thereof with money collected from among themselves and
solely for their own protection and not for profit.
Section 256. Time for payment of tax. — Increase of tax in case of
delinquency. — The tax on insurance companies shall be due on the first
of July in each year for the preceding calendar year, and if the same
remains unpaid for fifteen days thereafter the amount of the tax shall
be increased by twenty-five per centum, the increment to be a part of
the tax.
Section 257. Yearly report from insurance company. — Every company
liable to the payment of the aforesaid tax shall, on or before the
first day of April in each year, render a statement in writing, in such
form as the Collector of Internal Revenue shall prescribe, containing
an account of the conditions of its business during the calendar year
last preceding, the entire amount of all premiums and other
considerations received during such year, and such additional
information as the Collector may require.
Section 258. Tax due from agents of foreign insurance companies. — Every
fire, marine, or miscellaneous insurance agent authorized under section
192 of Act Numbered Two Thousand four hundred and twenty-seven, as
amended by Acts Numbered Two thousand six hundred and forty-eight and
Three thousand five hundred and seventy-five to procure policies of
insurance as he may have previously been legally authorized to transact
on risks located in the Philippines for companies not authorized to
transact business in the Philippines, shall likewise make a yearly
report to the Collector of Internal Revenue at the time and in the
manner prescribed in section 257, showing the entire amount of all
premiums received by the company he represents under the authority of
the Insurance Law. And such agent shall pay to the Collector of
Internal Revenue a tax equal to twice the tax imposed in section 255
which tax shall be paid at the same time and be subject to the same
penalty for delinquency as the tax imposed by said section: Provided,
however, That the provisions of this section shall not apply to
reinsurance: And provided, further, That the prohibition of this
section shall not affect the right of an owner of property to apply for
and obtain for himself policies in foreign companies in cases where
said owner does not make use of the services of any agent, company, or
corporation residing or doing business in the Philippines. In all cases
where owners of property obtain insurance directly with foreign
companies, it shall be the duty of said owners to report to the
Insurance Commissioner and to the Collector of Internal Revenue each
case where insurance has been so effected, and shall pay the tax of one
and one-half per centum on premiums paid, in the manner required by
section 255 of insurance companies, and shall be subject to the same
penalty for failure to do so.
CHAPTER III
Franchise Tax
Section 259. Tax on corporate franchises. — There shall be collected in
respect to all existing and future franchises, upon the gross earnings
or receipts from the business covered by the law granting the
franchise, such taxes, charges and percentages as are specified in the
special charters of the corporations upon whom such franchises are
conferred, and, for the purpose of facilitating the assessment of this
tax, reports shall be made by the respective holders of the franchises
in such form and at such times as shall be required by the regulations
of the Department of Finance.
The taxes, charges, and percentages on corporate franchises shall be
due and payable as specified in the particular franchise, or, in case
no time limit is specified therein, the provisions of section 182 shall
apply; and if such taxes, charges, and percentages remain unpaid for
fifteen days from and after the date on which they must be paid,
twenty-five per centum shall be added to the amount of such taxes,
charges, and percentages, which increase shall form part of the tax.
CHAPTER IV
Amusement Taxes
Section 260. Amusement taxes. — There shall be collected from the
proprietor, lessee, or operator of theaters, cinematographs, concert
halls, circuses, boxing exhibitions, and other places of amusement the
following taxes:
(a) When the amount paid for admission exceeds twenty
centavos but does not exceed twenty-nine centavos, two centavos on each
admission.
(b) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
twenty-nine centavos but does not exceed thirty-nine centavos, three
centavos on each admission;
(c) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
thirty-nine centavos but does not exceed forty-nine centavos, four
centavos on each admission;
(d) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
forty-nine centavos but does not exceed fifty-nine centavos, five
centavos on each admission:
(e) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
fifty-nine centavos but does not exceed sixty-nine centavos, six
centavos on each admission
(f) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
sixty-nine centavos but does not exceed seventy-nine centavos, six
centavos on each admission;
(g) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
seventy-nine centavos but does not exceed eighty-nine centavos, eight
centavos on each admission;
(h) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
eighty-nine centavos but does not exceed ninety-nine centavos, nine
centavos on each admission; and
(i) When the amount paid for admission exceeds
ninety-nine centavos, ten centavos on each admission.
In the case of theaters or cinematographs, the taxes herein prescribed
shall first be deducted and withheld by the proprietors, lessees, or
operators of such theaters or cinematographs and paid to the Collector
of Internal Revenue before the gross receipts are divided between the
proprietors, lessees, or operators of the theaters or cinematographs
and the distributors of the cinematographic films.
In the case of cockpits, race tracks, and cabarets, there shall be
collected from the proprietor, lessee, or operator a tax equivalent to
ten per centum of the gross receipts, irrespective of whether or not
any amount is charged or paid for admission: Provided, however, That in
the case of race tracks, this tax is in addition to the privilege tax
prescribed in section 193. For the purpose of the amusement tax, the
term "gross receipts" embraces all the receipts of the proprietor,
lessee, or operator of the amusement place, excluding the receipts
derived by him from the sale of liquors, beverages, or other articles
subject to specific tax, or from any business subject to tax under this
Code.
Section 261. Exemption. — The tax herein imposed shall not be paid where
the admission fees or charges are collected by or for and in behalf of
any religious, charitable, scientific, or educational institution or
association, and where no part of the net proceeds of such admission
fees or charges inures to the benefit of any private stockholder or
individual.
CHAPTER V
Charges in Forest Products
Section 262. Measuring of forest products and collection of charges
thereon. — The duties incident to the measuring of forest products and
the collection of the charges thereon shall be discharged by the Bureau
of Internal Revenue, under the regulations of the Department of Finance.
Employees of the Bureau of Forestry may be deputized by the Collector
of Internal Revenue for the performance of duties incident to the
measuring and invoicing of forest products when the Director of
Forestry deems such course advisable for the protection of the forest
revenues and is willing to supply the services of such employees at the
expense of the Bureau of Forestry.
Section 263. Mode of measuring timber. — Except as hereinbelow provided,
all timber shall be measured and manifested in the round or squared,
before being sawn or manufactured. The volume of all round timber shall
be ascertained by multiplying the area of the small end by the length
of the log, the diameter of the log to be measured exclusive of the
bark; but if the end of a log is irregular the average diameter shall
be used; and in order to ascertain the volume of a log more than eight
meters long, the diameter of the middle of said log, or the average of
the diameters, at both ends thereof, shall be used as basis. If a log
in the round, cut under license, is measured and manifested by forest
officers, the Director of Forestry shall make due allowance for rot,
cavities, or other natural defects; but from any decision of the
Director of Forestry in this respect, an appeal shall lie to his
Department Head, whose decision shall be final. The manifest of timber
cut by licensees operating sawmills in or near the forest shall be
attested by forest officers whenever practicable.
The volume of squared timber shall be ascertained by multiplying the
average of the cross section measured by the length, to which thirty
per centum shall be added for loss in squaring: Provided, however, That
if squared timber cut under license is measured and manifested by
forest officers, the Director of Forestry shall make due allowance for
rot, cavities, or other natural defects; but from any decision of the
Director of Forestry in this respect an appeal shall lie to his
Department Head, whose decision shall be final. The privilege of
manifesting timber after squaring shall, however, is granted only to
licensees who have squared their logs in the forests with the tax and
intend to take it to the market in this form.
If sawn or otherwise manufactured timber is found which has not been
manifested in accordance with the provisions hereof, the corresponding
forest charges shall be assessed on twice the volume of the actual
contents of such sawn or manufactured timber.
Section 264. Charges on timber cut in public forest. — Except as
otherwise especially provided, the following charges shall be collected
on each cubic meter of timber cut in any public forest or forest
reserve in the Philippines whether removed therefrom or not:
(a) On timber in the first group, not including
ebony, camagon, and molave stripped of sapwood, three pesos and fifty
centavos.
(b) On ebony stripped of sapwood, six pesos.
(c) On camagon stripped of sapwood, five pesos.
(d) On molave stripped of sapwood, four pesos.
(e) On timber in the second group, two pesos.
(f) On timber in the third group, not including
firewood, one peso and twenty-five centavos.
(e) On timber in the fourth group, not including
firewood, sixty centavos.
Section 265. Charges on firewood cut in public forests. — On firewood
cut in public forests and forest reserves, the following charges shall
be collected:
On bacauan and tangal, per cubic meter, twenty centavos.
On other woods, per cubic meter, ten centavos.
Only third or fourth-group wood can be taken for firewood. However, at
the discretion of the Director of Forestry, first and second-group
woods may be removed for firewood purposes from land which is more
valuable for agricultural than for timber purposes.
Section 266. Charges collectible on wood cut from unregistered private
lands. — The charges above prescribed shall be collected on all wood
cut upon any land the title to which is not registered with the
Director of Forestry as required by the Forest Law; and in the absence
of such registration, wood cut and removed from alleged private lands
shall be considered as cut and removed under license from public forest
or forest reserves, and shall be subject to the law and regulations in
such case applicable.
Section 267. Surcharges for illegal cutting and removal of forest
products or for delinquency. — Where forest products are unlawfully cut
or gathered in any public forest without license or, if under license,
in violation of the terms thereof, the charges on such products shall
be increased by three hundred per centum. If forest products shall be
removed without invoice, or upon removal, shall be discharged without
permit from boat, car, cart, or other means of transportation, the
charges shall be increased by fifty per centum, and if, in any case,
the proper charges upon forest products are not paid within sixty days
after the same shall be due and payable, such charges shall be
increased by fifty per centum: Provided, however, That the Collector of
Internal Revenue may, in meritorious cases, waive the surcharge of
fifty per centum for discharging without permit or grant an extension
of time not exceeding thirty days for the payment of the forest charges
without surcharge.
Section 268. Charges on timber cut for use on mining claim. — When a
license is granted by the Bureau of Forestry allowing a miner or mining
company to cut timber for the development of a mining claim on land
other than such as is covered by his or its claim, the charges on
timber so cut shall be one-half the charges hereinabove fixed.
Section 269. Charges on gums, resins, and other forest products. — On
gums, resins, rattan, and other products of the forest gathered or
removed from any public forest or forest reserve, and not hereinabove
provided for, there shall be collected a charge of ten per centum of
the market value thereof, determined in the manner indicated below.
The market value of the various forest products on which forest charges
may thus be collected shall be determined from time to time by a joint
assessment of the Collector of Internal Revenue and the Director of
Forestry, to be approved by their respective Department Heads, the same
to be published for the information of the public in the Official
Gazette. Where the value of any forest product included in this section
is not determined and published in the manner specified, such product
may be gathered or removed free of charge.
Section 270. Charges on stone, earth, salt, and guano taken from lands
under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Forestry.-On stone, earth,
salt, or guano gathered or removed from the lands under the
jurisdiction of the Bureau of Forestry, there shall be collected such
charges as may be fixed in particular cases by the Director of
Forestry, with the approval of the Department Head.
Section 271. No charges on products lawfully removed under gratuitous
license. — No charges shall be collected on forest products removed in
conformity with the terms of a gratuitous license of the Bureau of
Forestry, with the approval of the Department Head.
Section 272. Gratuitous licensees subject to regulations of Department
of Finance. — Gratuitous licensees authorized to cut first-group timber
under license from the Bureau of Forestry must comply with the
regulations of the Department of Finance in regard to the removal of
such timber and shall submit on the proper forms full invoices showing
the volume of timber cut by them.
Section 273. Time for payment of forest charges. — Except as hereinbelow
provided, the charges on forest products shall be payable at the time
of the removal of the same from the forest.
With the approval of the Collector of Internal Revenue, timber may be
removed from a saw mill situated on a licensed cutting area upon the
giving of a bond conditioned upon the monthly payment of the charges
due on the output of such mill. He may also authorize the shipment of
forest products under auxiliary invoices without the pre-payment of
charges in special cases where the payment of the charges at the point
of origin would result in undue hardship, if the owner or
concessionaire shall first file a bond with the Bureau of Internal
Revenue in the form and amount and with such sureties as the Collector
of Internal Revenue may require, conditioned upon the payment of the
forest charges at the point of destination or at such time and place as
the Collector may direct.
CHAPTER VI
Fees for Sealing of Weights and Measures
Section 274. Sealing and licensing of weights and measures. — The duties
incident to the official inspection of weights and measures, and the
sealing and licensing of the same for use, shall be performed under the
supervision of the Bureau of Internal Revenue.
Section 275. Fees for sealing linear metric measures. — Fees for sealing
linear measures of the metric system shall be as follows:
(a) Measures not over one and one-half meters, ten
centavos.
(b) Measures over one and one-half meters, twenty
centavos.
Section 276. Fees for sealing English linear measures. — Fees for
sealing linear measures of the English system, allowable only when such
measures are to be used in measuring manufactured lumber, shall be as
follows:
(a) Measures not over one yard, ten centavos.
(b) Measures over one yard, twenty centavos.
Section 277. Fees for sealing metric measures of capacity. — Fees for
sealing metric measures of capacity shall be as follows:
(a) For a measure not over ten liters, twenty
centavos.
(b) For a measure over ten liters thirty centavos.
Section 278. Fees for sealing metric instruments of weight. — Fees for
sealing instruments for determining weight graduated solely in the
metric system shall be as follows:
(a) Those having a capacity of over three thousand
kilograms, three pesos.
(b) Those having a capacity of not over three
thousand but over three hundred kilograms, one peso and twenty centavos.
(c) Those having a capacity of not over three hundred
but more than thirty kilograms, sixty centavos.
(d) Those with a capacity not greater than thirty
kilograms, thirty centavos.
For an apothecary balance or other balance of precision the charge
shall be doubled.
With each scale or balance, a complete set of weights for use therewith
shall be sealed free of charge. For each extra weight, the charge shall
be five centavos.
Section 279. Form and duration of license for use of weights and
measures. — The receipt for the fee charged for the sealing of weights
and measures shall serve as a license to use such instrument for one
year from the date of sealing, unless deterioration or damage which
renders the weight or measure inaccurate occurs in that period. When a
license is renewed, the same shall expire on the same day and month of
the year following its original issuance. Such license shall be
preserved by the owner and, together with the weights and measures
covered by the license, shall be exhibited on demand of any internal-
revenue officer.
Section 280. Secondary standards preserved by provincial treasurers. —
Testing of same. — For use in the testing of weights and measures in
the provinces, provincial treasurers shall keep full sets of secondary
standards in the provincial buildings. The Collector of Internal
Revenue shall be responsible for the inspection and proper testing of
all provincial and municipal standards of weights and measures.
Section 281. Comparison of secondary and fundamental standards. — The
comparison of the secondary and fundamental standards shall be made in
the Bureau of Science at the instance of the Collector of Internal
Revenue. When found to be sufficiently accurate, the secondary standard
shall be distinguished by a label, tag, or seal, and shall be
accompanied by a certificate showing the amount of its variation from
the fundamental standard. If the variation is of sufficient magnitude
to impair the utility of the instrument, it shall be destroyed in the
Bureau of Science.
Section 282. Inspectors of weights and measures. — Internal revenue
agents shall inspect and test balances or scales, weights and
pleasures, and report upon the condition thereof in the territory
assigned to them. It shall be their duty to secure evidence of
infringements of the law or of fraud in the use of weights and measures
or of neglect of duty on the part of any officer engaged in sealing
weights and measures. Evidence so secured by them shall be presented
forthwith to the Collector of Internal Revenue and also to the proper
prosecuting officer.
Section 283. Sealers of weights and measures. — The sealing and
licensing of weights and measures shall be the duty of the city or
provincial treasurers and their deputies, and for the purposes of this
law such officers shall be termed sealers of weights and measures.
Section 284. Destruction of defective instrument of weight or measure. —
Any defective instrument of weight or measure may be destroyed by any
inspector or sealer of weights and measures if its defect is such that
it can not readily and securely be repaired.
Section 285. Testing of instruments used in Government work. — All
measures and instruments for determining weight used in the Government
work or maintained for public use by any province, city, or
municipality shall be tested and sealed free of charge.
Section 286. Dealer's permit to keep unsealed weights and measures. —
Upon obtaining written permission from the Collector of Internal
Revenue any dealer may keep instruments of weight or measure in stock
for sale without sealing, until sold or used
Section 287. Fraudulent practices relative to weights and measures. —
Any person other than an official sealer of weights and measures who
places an official tag or seal upon any instrument of weight or
measure, or attaches it thereto; or who fraudulently imitates any mark,
stamp, brand, tag, or other characteristic sign used to indicate that
weights and measures have been officially sealed; or who alters in any
way the certificate given by the sealer as an acknowledgment that the
weights and measures mentioned therein have been duly sealed; or who
makes or knowingly sells or uses any false or counterfeit stamp, tag,
certificate, or licenses which is an imitation of or purports to be a
lawful stamp, tag, certificate, or license of the kind required by the
provisions of this Chapter; or who alters the written or printed
figures or letters on any stamp, tag certificate, or license used or
issued; or who has in his possession any such false, counterfeit,
restored, or altered stamp, tag, certificate or license for the purpose
of using or reusing the same in the payment of fees or charges imposed
in this Chapter; or who procures the commission of any such offense by
another, shall for each such offense be fined not less than two hundred
pesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or imprisoned for not less than
one month nor more than five years, or both.
Section 288. Unlawful possession or use of instrument not sealed before
using and not sealed within twelve months from last sealing. — Any
person making a practice of buying or selling goods by weight, or
measure, or of furnishing services the value of which is estimated by
weight or measure, who has in his possession without permit any
unsealed scale, balance, weight or measure, and any person who uses, in
any purchase or sale or in estimating the value of any service
furnished, any instrument of weight or measure that has not been
officially sealed, or if previously sealed, the license therefor has
expired and has not been renewed in due time, shall be punished by a
fine not exceeding five hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not
exceeding one year, or both; but if such scale, balance, weight, or
measure so used has been officially affixed thereto remain intact and
in the same position and condition in which they were placed by the
official sealer, and the instrument is found not to have been altered
or rendered inaccurate but still to be sufficiently accurate to warrant
its being sealed without repairs or alteration, such instrument shall,
if presented for sealing promptly on demand of any authorized sealer or
inspector of weights and measures, be sealed, and the owner, possessor,
or user of same shall be subject to no penalty except a surcharge equal
to five times the regular fee fixed by law for the sealing of an
instrument of its class, this surcharge to be collected and accounted
for by the same official and in the same manner as the regular fees for
sealing such instruments.
Section 289. Alteration or fraudulent use of instrument of weight or
measure. — Any person who with fraudulent intent alters any scale or
balance, weight, or measure after it is officially sealed, or who
knowingly uses any false scale or balance, weight, or measure, whether
sealed or not, shall be punished by a fine of not less than two hundred
pesos nor more than four thousand pesos or by imprisonment for not less
than three months nor more than two years, or both.
Any person who fraudulently gives short weight or measure in the making
of sale, or who fraudulently takes excessive weight or measure in the
making of a purchase, or who, assuming to determine truly the weight or
measure of any article bought or sold by weight or measure thereof,
shall be punished by a fine of not less than two hundred pesos nor more
than two thousand pesos or by imprisonment for not less than three
months nor more than two years, or both.
CHAPTER VII
The Firearms Tax
Section 290. Definition of terms. — As used in this Chapter, the word
"firearm" or "'arm" includes rifles, muskets, carbines, shotguns,
revolvers, pistols, and all other deadly weapons from which a bullet,
ball, shot, shell, or other missile may be discharged by means of
gunpowder or other explosives. The term also includes air rifles coming
under regulations of the Philippine Constabulary. The barrel of any
firearm shall be considered a complete firearm for all the purposes
hereof. The word "ammunition" shall mean loaded shell for rifles,
muskets, carbines, shotguns, revolvers, and pistols from which a
bullet, ball, shot, shell, or other missile may be fired by means of
gunpowder or other explosives. The term also includes ammunition for
air rifles mentioned elsewhere in this section. The words "explosive"
and "explosives" shall mean gunpowders, powder used for blasting, all
forms of high explosives, blasting materials, dynamite, fuses,
detonators and detonating agent, smokeless powder, and any other
chemical compound or chemical mixture that contains any combustible
units or other ingredients in such proportion, quantities or packing
that ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by
detonator of all or any part of the compound or mixture may cause such
a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous
pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous
objects or of destroying life or limb.
Section 291. License fees of dealers in firearms, ammunition, and
explosives. — Any person dealing in fire arms or ammunition under
license issued in accordance with the provisions of section 883 of the
Administrative Code, or in explosives as provided by Act Numbered
Twenty- two hundred and fifty-five, shall pay the following annual
fees:
Dealers selling one thousand or more firearms of all kinds in a year,
two hundred pesos.
Dealers selling less than one thousand firearms of all kinds in a year,
one hundred twenty pesos.
Dealers selling or manufacturing one million or more rounds of
ammunition of all kinds in a year, one hundred fifty pesos.
Dealers importing or selling less than one million rounds of ammunition
of all kinds in a year, one hundred pesos.
Dealers in or manufacturers of explosives, two hundred pesos.
This section shall not be applicable to fireworks manufacturers.
Section 292. Firearms license fees. — Any person who owns or possesses a
license to possess a firearm in accordance with section 888 of the
Administrative Code, as amended, shall pay the following initial and
annual fees:
For each shotgun held on license:
Initial fee P10.00
Annual fee 5.00
For each high-power rifle held on license:
Initial fee 15.00
Annual fee 5.00
For each revolver held on license except caliber .22 revolver:
Initial fee 10.00
Annual fee 5.00
For each rifle held on license, except caliber .22 revolver:
Initial fee 10.00
Annual fee 5.00
Provided, however, That bona fide and active members of Constabulary
shall pay an initial fee of five pesos and an annual fee of two pesos
for each firearm held on license, except caliber .22 revolver or rifle.
Section 293. Hunting permits. — Persons holding license to possess
rifles and shotgun shall not engage in hunting unless they provide
themselves with an annual hunting permit, the fee for which shall be
two pesos.
Section 294. Collection and disposition of fees. — The fees herein
provided shall be collected by the Collector of Internal Revenue under
such rules and regulations as said Collector and the Chief of
Constabulary may prescribe, with the approval of the respective
Department Heads. The proceeds of the collection of such fees shall
accrue to the National Government.
Section 295. Penal provision. — The fees provided in this Chapter are
due and payable on the date the license to possess or deal in firearms,
ammunition or explosives is issued by the Chief of Constabulary and on
each anniversary thereof, and failure to pay said fees within sixty
days after they become due and payable shall render the person in
arrears liable to a surcharge of twenty-five per centum of the regular
fees unpaid.
CHAPTER VIII
Radio Fees
Section 296. Registration of radio receiving sets, notice of sale or
change in ownership or location of each set. — Every person, firm,
company, association, corporation, or any other entity having in his or
in its possession or control a radio receiving set, shall register the
same with the Collector of Internal Revenue within thirty days after
coming into possession or control or such set, and it shall be the duty
of the owner or possessor thereof to advise the Collector of Internal
Revenue of any change in his or its address within 30 days after such
change takes place. Whenever any radio receiving set is sold, or any
change in ownership or possession takes place, the dealer, or former
owner, or possess or thereof shall advise the Collector of Internal
Revenue of such sale or transfer.
Dealers or persons selling receivers to the Government of the United
States or of the Philippines shall comply with the provisions of this
section and with the regulations which may be issued by the Secretary
of Finance.
Section 297. Annual fees to be paid. — Except as otherwise provided in
section 300, there shall be paid and collected a registration fee of
one peso per annum, for every crystal receiving set, and for every
receiving set that uses a vacuum tube or tubes for amplification or for
detections, there shall be paid and collected, in accordance with the
following zones, registration fees as follows:
(a) First zone. — Manila, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan,
Cavite, Laguna, Marinduque, Mindoro, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan,
Rizal, Romblon, Tarlac, Tayabas, and Zambales; one peso a year for sets
using not more than five tubes, and five pesos a year for sets using
more than five tubes.
(b) Second zone. — Abra, Albay, Antique, Cagayan,
Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Capiz, Cebu, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur,
Iloilo, Isabela, La Union, Masbate, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya,
Occidental Negros, Samar, and Sorsogon: One peso a year for sets using
not more than seven tubes, and five pesos for sets using more than
seven tube.
(c) Third zone. — Agusan, Batanes, Bohol, Bukidnon,
Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Leyte, Occidental Misamis, Oriental Misamis,
Oriental Negros, Palawan, Sulu, Surigao, and Zamboanga: One peso a year
for sets using not more than nine tubes, and five pesos a year for sets
using more than nine tubes.
The "annual fees" above specified shall be understood to be for a
period of twelve months counting from the date of acquisition of a
radio receiver.
Section 298. When to pay fees; surcharge to be paid for late payment. —
The annual fees prescribed in the preceding section shall be paid in
full upon registration of the radio receiving set as required in
section 296. Subsequent payment of these fees shall be made from year
to year counting from the date of acquisition of the radio receiving
sets.
Any fee not paid within the time fixed herein shall be increased by a
surcharge of twenty per centum thereof.
Section 299. Exemption of the Governments of the United States and the
Philippines. — The Government of the United States shall be exempt from
all requirements of this Chapter. The Government of the Philippines
shall be exempt likewise for all radio receiving sets owned or operated
by it for communication purposes.
Section 300. Receiving sets for specified uses to be registered but
exempt from payment of fees. — Subject to such rules and regulations as
may be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance, owners of receiving sets
covered by this section shall comply with the requirements of section
296 of this Chapter as regards registration but shall be exempt from
payment of the fees as required by section 297:
(a) Sets in storage or out of service;
(b) Sets kept for sale or used for demonstration by
those engaged in the manufacture or sale of radio apparatus;
(c) Sets owned or operated by the Government of the
Philippines and used for purposes other than communications;
(d) Sets installed on airplanes and ships licensed
under Act Numbered Thirty-eight hundred and forty-six:
(e) Sets operated by owners of broadcasting stations
if such sets are used for the purpose of monitoring or checking the
quality or efficiency of the broadcasting stations;
(f) Sets owned and operated by lighthouse-keepers at
their official stations;
(g) In cases where an amateur radio operator, who is
licensed under Act Numbered Thirty-eight hundred and forty-six, or the
owner of a licensed amateur radio station has more than one receiver in
his immediate household all such receivers shall be registered but the
fee need be paid on one receiver only; and
(h) Sets of not more than two tubes and used
exclusively for scientific experimentation.
No credit for, nor refund or reimbursement of registration fees already
paid or parts thereof shall be made on account of a radio set becoming
exempt under the provisions of this section subsequent to the payment
of such fees.
Section 301. Disposition of radio registration fees. — All collections
made under this Chapter shall accrue to the National Radio Broadcasting
Fund created by Act Numbered Three thousand nine hundred and
ninety-seven.
CHAPTER IX
Tobacco Inspection Fees
Section 302. Inspection fees. — For inspection made in accordance with
this Chapter, there shall be collected a fee of thirty centavos for
each thousand cigars or fraction thereof in the lot offered for
inspection; three centavos for each thousand cigarettes or fraction
thereof in the lot offered for inspection; twenty-five centavos for
each one hundred kilograms of leaf tobacco or fraction thereof in the
lot offered for inspection; and one centavo for each kilogram or
fraction thereof, of other manufactured tobacco in the lot offered for
inspection.
The tobacco inspection fees shall accrue to the Tobacco Inspection Fund
created by section 12 of Act Numbered Two thousand six hundred and
thirteen, as amended by Act Numbered Three thousand one hundred and
seventy- nine.
CHAPTER X
Water Rentals
Section 303. Water rentals. — The appropriator of water for power
purposes for a small development shall pay to the Government of the
Philippines an annual rental of twenty-five centavos per horsepower for
the first ten years, beginning on the first day of January after the
plant is ready for operation. After this first period, the rental shall
become one peso, per horsepower per year: Provided, however, That the
development of less than thirty horsepower shall be exempt from the
rental provided in this section.
The appropriator of water for power purposes for a large development
shall pay to the Government of the Philippines an annual rental of
fifty centavos per horsepower for the first ten years, beginning on the
first day of January after the plant is ready for operation. At the end
of the first ten years and of each ten-year period thereafter, the
Secretary of Public Works and Communications shall determine the rate
of rental which shall be charged for the succeeding ten years:
Provided, That in no case shall the rental rate be is less than one
peso nor more than two pesos per horsepower per year.
The amount of water upon which rental shall be charged shall be
determined as follows: The normal rated water capacity of the water
wheels installed expressed in second-liters shall be multiplied by the
difference in level of water surface in forebay and tailrace expressed
in meters, and the product divided by one hundred, the quotient
representing the developed horse power on the basis of an efficiency of
seventy-six per centum for the plant.
Section 304. When rentals shall be paid. — The rental shall be paid
within twenty days after the end of each calendar quarter and shall be
collected by the Bureau of Internal Revenue as a tax. If at any time
payment shall not be made when the same shall have become due, said
rental shall be increased by twenty-five per centum and together with
the penalty shall become a lien upon the right of use of water and all
the works, lands, buildings, and machinery which constitute the
property appurtenant thereto, which lien shall be enforced in the
manner prescribed in Title IX of this Code.
TITLE IX
General Administration Provisions
CHAPTER I
Remedies in General
Section 305. Injunction not available to restrain collection of tax. —
No court shall have authority to grant an injunction to restrain the
collection of any national internal revenue tax fee or charge imposed
by this Code.
Section 306. Recovery of tax erroneously or illegally collected. — No
suit or proceeding shall be maintained in any court for the recovery of
any national internal-revenue tax hereafter alleged to have been
erroneously or illegally assessed or collected, or of any penalty
claimed to have been collected without authority, or of any sum alleged
to have been excessive or in any manner wrongfully collected, until a
claim for refund or credit has been duly filed with the Collector of
Internal Revenue; but such suit or proceeding may be maintained,
whether or not such tax, penalty, or sum has been paid under protest or
duress. In any case, no such suit or proceeding shall be begun after
the expiration of two years from the date of payment of the tax or
penalty.
Section 307. Action to contest forfeiture of chattel. — In case of the
seizure of personal property under claim of forfeiture may, at any time
before sale or destruction of the property, bring an action against the
person seizing the property or having possession thereof to recover the
same, and upon giving proper bond may enjoin the sale; or after the
sale and within six months he may bring an action to recover the net
proceeds realized at the sale.
Section 308. Form and mode of proceeding in actions arising under this
Code. — Civil actions and proceedings instituted in behalf of the
Government under the authority of this Code or other laws enforced by
the Bureau of Internal Revenue shall be brought in the name of the
Government of the Philippines and shall be conducted by the provincial
or city fiscal, or the Solicitor-General, or by any person designated
by the latter; but no civil action for the recovery of taxes or the
enforcement of any fine, penalty, or forfeiture under this Code shall
be begun with- out the approval of the Collector of Internal Revenue
Section 309. Authority of Collector to make compromises and to refund
taxes. — The Collector of Internal Revenue may compromise any civil or
other case arising under this Code or other law or part of law
administered by the Bureau of Internal Revenue, may credit or refund
taxes erroneously or illegally received, or penalties imposed without
authority, and may remit before payment any tax that appears to be
unjustly assessed or excessive.
He shall refund the value of internal-revenue stamps when the same are
returned in good condition by the purchaser, and may, in his
discretion, redeem or exchange unused stamps that have been rendered
unfit for use, and may refund their value upon proof of destruction.
The authority of the Collector of Internal Revenue to credit or refund
taxes or penalties under this section can only be exercised if the
claim for credit or refund is made in writing and filed with him within
two years after the payment of the tax or penalty.
Section 310. Satisfaction of judgment recovered against treasurer or
other officer. — When an action is brought against any revenue officer
to recover damages by reason of any act done in the performance of
official duty and the Collector of Internal Revenue is notified of such
action in time to make defense against the same, through the
Solicitor-General, any judgment, damages or costs recovered in such
action shall be satisfied by the Collector of Internal Revenue upon
approval of the Department Head, or if the same be paid by the person
sued, shall be repaid or reimbursed to him.
No such judgment, damages, or costs shall be paid or reimbursed in
behalf of a person who has acted negligently or in bad faith, or with
willful oppression.
Section 311. Remedy for enforcement of statutory penal provisions. — The
remedy for enforcement of statutory penalties of all sorts shall be by
criminal or civil action, as the particular situation may require.
Section 312. Remedy for enforcement of forfeitures. — The forfeiture of
chattels and removable fixtures of any sort shall be enforced by the
seizure and sale, or destruction, of the specific forfeited property.
The forfeiture of real property shall be enforced by a judgment of
condemnation and sale in a legal action or proceeding, civil or
criminal, as the case may require.
Section 313. When property to be sold or destroyed. — Sales of forfeited
chattels and removable fixtures shall be effected, so far as
practicable, in the same manner and under the same conditions as to
public notice and the time and manner of sale as are prescribed for
sales of personal property distrained for the non-payment of taxes.
Distilled spirits, liquors, cigars, cigarettes, other manufactured
products of tobacco, and playing cards, and all apparatus used in or
about the illicit production of such articles may upon forfeiture, be
destroyed by order of the Collector of Internal Revenue, when the sale
of the same for consumption or use would be injurious to the public
health or prejudicial to the enforcement of the law.
All other articles subject to specific tax, which have been
manufactured or removed in violation of this Code, as well as dies for
the printing or making of internal-revenue stamps, labels and tags
which are in imitation of or purport to be lawful stamps, labels, or
tags may, upon forfeiture, be sold or destroyed in the discretion of
the Collector of Internal Revenue.
Forfeited property shall not be destroyed until at least twenty days
after seizure.
Section 314. Disposition of funds recovered in legal proceedings or
obtained from forfeitures. — All judgments and moneys recovered and
received for taxes, costs, forfeitures, fines, and penalties shall be
paid to the Collector of Internal Revenue or his authorized deputies as
the taxes themselves are required to be paid, and, except as specially
provided, shall be accounted for and dealt with in the same was.
CHAPTER II
Civil Remedies for Collection of Taxes
Section 315. Nature and extent of tax lien. — Every internal-revenue tax
on property or on any business or occupation, and every tax on
resources and receipts, and any increment to any of them incident to
delinquency, shall constitute a lien superior to all other charges or
liens not only on the property itself upon which such tax may be
imposed but also upon the property used in any costs that may accrue in
addition thereto upon all property and rights to property belonging to
the taxpayer business or occupation upon which the tax is imposed and
upon all property rights therein.
The estate tax shall be a lien for five years upon the gross estate of
the decedent from the date the tax becomes legally due. The lien of the
tax on inheritances, legacies, and other acquisitions mortis causa
shall be superior to all other liens, mortgages, encumbrances, or real
right created thereon subsequent to the death of the predecessor, and
shall be enforceable against the property inherited whether in the
possession of the delinquent owner or purchaser, but this lien will be
extinguished at the end of five years from the date when the tax
becomes legally due.
The tax on gifts shall be a lien upon all gifts made during the
calendar year, for five years from the time the tax becomes legally
due. If the tax is not paid when due the taxpayer (donor or donee)
shall be personally liable for such tax to the extent of the value of
such gift. Any part of the property comprised in the gift sold by the
donee to a bona fide purchaser for an adequate and full consideration
in money or money's worth shall be divested of the lien herein imposed
and the lien, to the extent of the value of such gift, shall attach to
all the property of the taxpayer (donor or donee), including
after-acquired property, except any part sold to a bona fide purchaser
for an adequate and full consideration in money or money's worth.
If any person, corporation, partnership, joint-account (cuenta en
participacion), association, or insurance company liable to pay the
income tax, neglects or refuses to pay the same after demand, the
amount shall be a lien in favor of the Government of the Philippines
from the time when the assessment was made by the Collector of Internal
Revenue until paid, with interest, penalties, and Provided, That this
lien shall not be valid against any mortgagee, purchaser, or judgment
creditor until notice of such lien shall be filed by the Collector in
the office of the register of deeds of the province or city where the
property of the taxpayer is situated or located.
Section 316. Civil remedies for the collection of delinquent taxes. —
The civil remedies for the collection of internal-revenue taxes, fees,
or charges, and any increment thereto resulting from delinquency shall
be (a) by distraint of goods, chattels or effects, and other personal
property of whatever character, including stocks and other securities,
debts, credits, bank accounts, and interest in and rights to personal
property, and by levy upon real property and interest in or rights to
real property; and (b) by judicial action. Either of these remedies or
both simultaneously may be pursued in the discretion of the authorities
charged with the collection of such taxes.
No exemption shall be allowed against the internal-revenue taxes in any
case.
Section 317. Constructive distraint of the property of a taxpayer. — To
safeguard the interest of the Government, the Collector of Internal
Revenue may place under constructive distraint the property of a
delinquent taxpayer or any taxpayer who, in his opinion, is retiring
from any business subject to tax or intends to leave the Philippines,
or remove his property therefrom, or hide or conceal his property, or
perform any act tending to obstruct the proceedings for collecting the
tax due or which may be due from him. The constructive distraint of
personal property shall be effected by requiring the taxpayer or any
person having possession or control of such property to sign a receipt
covering the property distrained and obligate himself to preserve the
same in- tact and unaltered and not to dispose of the same in any
manner whatever without the express authority of the Collector of
Internal Revenue. In case the taxpayer or the person having the
possession and control of the property sought to be placed under
constructive distraint refuses or fails to sign the receipt herein
referred to, the revenue officer effecting the constructive distraint
shall proceed to prepare a list of such property and in the presence of
two witnesses leave a copy thereof in the premises where the property
distrained is located, after which the said property shall be deemed to
have been placed under constructive distraint.
Section 318. Distraint of personal property. — The remedy by distraint
shall proceed as follows: Upon the failure of the person owing any
delinquent tax or delinquent revenue to pay the same, at the time
required, the Collector of Internal Revenue or his deputy may seize and
distrain any goods, chattels, or effects, and other personal property,
including stocks and other securities, debts, credits, bank accounts,
and interest in and rights to personal property, of such person in
sufficient quantity to satisfy the tax, or charge, together with any
increment thereto incident to delinquency, and the expenses of the
distraint.
Section 319. Mode of procedure. — The officer levying the distraint
shall make or cause to be made an account of the goods, chattels,
effects, or other personal property distrained, a copy of which, signed
by himself, shall be left either with the owner or person from whose
possession such goods, chattels, or effects, or other personal property
were taken, or at the dwelling or place of business of such person and
with some one of suitable age and discretion, to which list shall be
added a statement of the sum demanded and note of the time and place of
sale. Stocks and other securities shall be distrained by serving a copy
of the warrant of distraint upon the taxpayer and upon the president,
manager, treasurer, or other responsible officer of the corporation,
company, or association, which issued the said stocks or securities.
Debts and credits shall be distrained by leaving with the person owing
the debts or having in his possession or under his control such credits
or with his agent, a copy of the warrant of distraint. The warrant of
distraint shall be sufficient authority to the person owing the debts
or having in his possession or under his control any credits belonging
to the taxpayer to pay to the Collector of Internal Revenue the amount
of such debts or credits.
Bank accounts shall be distrained by serving a warrant of distraint
upon the taxpayer and upon the president manager, treasurer, or other
responsible officer of the bank. Upon receipt of the warrant of
distraint, the bank shall turn over to the Collector of Internal
Revenue so much of the bank accounts as may be sufficient to satisfy
the claim of the government.
Section 320. Sale of property distrained and disposition of proceeds. —
The officer levying the distraint shall forthwith cause a notification
to be exhibited in not less than two public places in the municipality
or city where the distraint is made; specifying the time and place of
sale and the articles distrained. The time of sale shall not be less
than twenty days after notice to the owner or possessor of the property
as above specified and the publication or posting of such notice. One
place for the posting of such notice shall be at the office of the
mayor of the city or municipality in which the property is distrained.
At the time and place fixed in such notice the said officer shall sell
the goods, chattels, or effects, or other personal property, including
stocks and other securities so distrained, at public auction, to the
highest bidder for cash, or, with the approval of the Collector of
Internal Revenue, through duly licensed produce or stock exchanges. In
the case of stocks and other securities, the officer making the sale
shall execute a bill of sale which he will deliver to the buyer, and a
copy thereof furnished the corporation, company, or association which
issued the stocks or other securities. Upon receipt of the copy of the
bill of sale, the corporation, company, or association shall make the
corresponding entry in its books, transfer the stocks or other
securities sold in the name of the buyer, and issue, if required to do
so, the corresponding certificates of stock or other securities.
Any residue over and above what is required to pay the entire claim,
including expenses, shall be retained to the owner of the property
sold. The expenses chargeable upon such seizure and sale shall embrace
only the actual expense of seizure and preservation of the property
pending the sale, and no charge shall be imposed for the service of the
local internal-revenue officer or his deputy.
Section 321. Release of distrained property upon payment prior to sale.
— If at any time prior to the consummation of the sale all proper
charges are paid to the officer conducting the sale, the goods or
effects distrained
Section 322. Report of sale to Bureau of Internal Revenue.-Within two
days after the sale the officer making the same shall make a report of
his proceedings in writing to the Collector of Internal Revenue and
shall himself preserve a copy of such report as an official record.
Section 323. Purchase by Government at sale upon distraint. — When the
amount bid for the property under distraint is not equal to the amount
of the tax or is very much less than the actual market value of the
articles offered for sale, the Collector of Internal Revenue or his
deputy may purchase the same in behalf of the National Government for
the amount of taxes, penalties, and costs due thereon.
Property so purchased may be resold by the Collector of Internal
Revenue or his deputy, subject to the regulations of the Department of
Finance, the net proceeds to be covered into the National Treasury and
accounted for as internal revenue.
Section 324. Levy on real estate. — Real property may be levied upon
before, simultaneously, or after the distraint of personal property
belonging to the delinquent to this end any internal-revenue officer
designated by the Collector of Internal Revenue shall prepare a duly
authenticated certificate showing the name of the taxpayer and the
amounts of the tax and penalty due from him. Said certificate shall
operate with the force of a legal execution throughout the Philippines.
Levy shall be effected by writing upon said certificate a description
of the property upon which levy is made. At the same time written
notice of the levy shall be mailed to or served upon the delinquent or,
if he be absent from the Philippines, to his agent or the manager of
the business in respect to which the liability arose, or, if there be
none such, to the occupant of the property in question.
Section 325. Advertisement and sale. — Within twenty days after levy the
officer conducting the proceedings shall proceed to advertise the
property or so much thereof as may be necessary to satisfy the claim
and costs of sale; and such advertisement shall cover a period of at
least thirty days. It shall be effectuated by posting a notice at the
main entrance of the municipal building or city hall and in a public
and conspicuous place in the barrio or district in which the real
estate lies, and by publication once a week for three weeks in a
newspaper of general circulation published in the municipality or city
where the property is located, if there be such newspaper. The
advertisement shall contain a statement of the amount of taxes and
penalties so due and the time and place of sale the name of the
taxpayer against whom the taxes are levied, and a short description of
the property to be sold At any time before the day fixed for the sale
the taxpayer may discontinue all proceedings by paying the taxes,
penalties, and interest. If he does not do so, the sale shall proceed
and shall be held either at the main entrance of the municipal building
or city hall, or on the premises to be sold, as the officer conducting
the proceedings shall determine and as the notice of sale shall
specify.
Within five days after the sale a return of the proceedings shall be
entered upon the records of the provincial or city treasurer; and the
provincial or city treasurer shall then make out and deliver to the
purchaser a certificate from his records, showing the proceedings of
the sale, describing the property sold, stating the name of the
purchaser, and setting out the exact amount of all public taxes,
penalties, and interest.
Section 326. Redemption of property sold. — Within one year from the
date of sale the delinquent taxpayer, or any one for him, shall have
the right of paying to the provincial or city treasurer the amount of
the public taxes, penalties, and interest thereon from the date of
delinquency to the date of sale, together with interest on said
purchase price at the rate of fifteen per centum per annum from the
date of purchase to the date of redemption, and such payment shall
entitle the person paying to the delivery of the certificate issued to
the purchaser and a certificate from the said treasurer that he has
redeemed the property, and the treasurer shall forthwith pay over to
the purchaser the amount by which such property has thus been redeemed,
and said property thereafter shall be free from the lien of such taxes
and penalties.
The owner shall not, however, be deprived of the possession of the said
property and shall be entitled to the rents and other income thereof
until the expiration of the time allowed for its redemption.
Section 327. Final deed to purchaser. — In case the taxpayer shall not
redeem the property as above provided, the provincial or city treasurer
shall, as grantor, execute a deed conveying to the purchaser so much of
the property as has been sold, free from all liens of any kind
whatsoever, and the deed shall succinctly recite all the proceedings
upon which the validity of the sale depends.
Section 328. Forfeiture to Government for want of bidder.-In case there
is no bidder for real property exposed for sale as hereinabove provided
or if the highest bid is for an amount insufficient to pay the taxes,
penalties, and costs, the provincial or city treasurer shall declare
the property forfeited to the Government in satisfaction of the claim
in question and within two days thereafter shall make a return of his
proceedings and the forfeiture, which shall be spread upon the records
of his office.
Within ore year from the date of such forfeiture the taxpayer, or any
one for him, may redeem said property by paying to the provincial or
city treasurer the full amount of the taxes and penalties, together
with interest thereon and the costs of sale; but if the property be not
thus redeemed, the forfeiture shall become absolute.
Section 329. Resale of real estate taken for taxes. — The Collector of
Internal Revenue shall have charge of any real estate obtained by the
Government of the Philippines in payment or satisfaction of taxes,
penalties, or costs arising under this Code or in compromise or
adjustment of any claim therefor; and said Collector may upon the
giving of not less than twenty days' notice sell and dispose or the
same at public auction, or, with the prior approval of the Department
Head, may dispose of the same at private sale. In either case the
proceeds of the sale shall be deposited in the National Treasury, and
an account of the same shall be rendered to the Auditor General.
Section 330. Further distraint or levy. — The remedy by distraint of
personal property and levy on real property may be repeated if
necessary until the full amount due, including all expenses, is
collected.
Section 331. Period of limitation upon assessment and collection. —
Except as provided in the succeeding section, internal-revenue taxes
shall be assessed within five years after the return was filed, and no
proceeding in court without assessment for the collection of such taxes
shall be begun after the expiration of such period. For the purposes of
this section a return filed before the last day prescribed by law for
the filing thereof shall be considered as filed on such last day:
Provided, That this limitation shall not apply to cases already
investigated prior to the approval of this Code.
Section 332. Exceptions as to period of limitation of assessment and
collection of taxes. — (a) In the case of a false or fraudulent return
with intent to evade tax or of a failure to file a return, the tax may
be assessed, or a proceeding in court for the collection of such tax
may be begun without assessment, at any time within ten years after the
discovery of the falsity, fraud or omission
(b) Where before the expiration of the time
prescribed in the preceding section for the assessment of the tax, both
the Collector of Internal Revenue and the taxpayer have consented in
writing to its assessment after such time, the tax may be assessed at
any time prior to the expiration of the period agreed upon. The period
so agreed upon may be extended by subsequent agreements in writing made
before the expiration of the period previously agreed upon.
(c) Where the assessment of any internal-revenue tax
has been made within the period of limitation above prescribed such tax
may be collected by distraint or levy or by a proceeding in court, but
only if begun (1) within five years after the assessment of the tax, or
(2) prior to the expiration of any period for collection agreed upon in
writing by the Collector of Internal Revenue and the taxpayer before
the expiration of such five-year period. The period so agreed upon may
be extended by subsequent agreements in writing made before the
expiration of the period previously agreed upon.
Section 333. Suspension of running of statute. — The running of the
statute of limitations provided in section 331 or 332 on the making of
assessments and the beginning of distraint or levy or a proceeding in
court for collection, in respect of any deficiency, shall be suspended
for the period during which the Collector of Internal Revenue is
prohibited from making the assessment or beginning distraint or levy or
a proceeding in court, and for sixty days thereafter.
CHAPTER III
Keeping of Books of Accounts and Records
Section 334. Corporations, companies, partnerships, or persons required
to keep journal and ledger. — All corporations, companies,
partnerships, or persons required by law to pay internal-revenue taxes
shall keep a journal and a ledger, or their equivalents: Provided,
however, That those whose gross quarterly sales, earnings, receipts, or
output do not exceed five thousand pesos shall, at their option, be
exempt from the requirements of keeping the books above mentioned, but
unless they do keep the same, they must keep the internal-revenue sale
and purchase books and other records prescribed by the Bureau of
Internal Revenue and any other additional data that the Secretary of
Finance may require by rules and regulations and which may be necessary
for the accurate determination of the amount of taxes due the
Government
Section 335. Subsidiary books. — All corporations, companies,
partnerships, or persons keeping the books of accounts mentioned in the
preceding section may, at their option, keep such subsidiary books as
the needs of their service may require: Provided, That where such
subsidiaries are kept, they shall form part of the accounting system of
the taxpayer and shall be subject to the same rules and regulations as
to their keeping, translation, production, and inspection as are
applicable to the journal and the ledger.
Section 336. Books to be translated. — All such corporations, companies,
partnerships, or persons who keep any of the books or records mentioned
in section 334 hereof in a language other than a native language,
English, or Spanish, shall make a true and complete translation of all
their entries in such books into a native language, English, or
Spanish, and the said translation must be made by the bookkeeper of
such corporations, companies, partnerships, or persons, or, in his
absence, by the manager thereof, and must be certified to under oath as
to its correctness by the said bookkeeper or manager, and shall form an
integral part of the books of accounts aforesaid.
Section 337. Preservation of books of accounts, and other accounting
records. — All the books of accounts, including the subsidiary books,
and other accounting records, of such corporations, companies,
partnerships, or persons shall be preserved by them for a period of at
least five years from the date of the last entry in each book and shall
be subject to examination and inspection at any time by
internal-revenue officers: Provided, That all corporations companies,
partnerships, or persons, who retire from business shall, within ten
days from the date of such retirement or within such period of time as
may be allowed by the Collector of Internal Revenue in special cases,
submit their books of accounts, including the subsidiary books, and
other accounting records, to the Collector of Internal Revenue or any
of his deputies for examination, after which they shall be returned.
CHAPTER IV
Rules and Regulations
Section 338. Authority of Secretary of Finance to promulgate rules and
regulations. — The Secretary of Finance upon recommendation of the
Collector of Internal Revenue shall promulgate all needful rules and
regulations for the effective enforcement of the provisions of this
Code
TITLE X
Miscellaneous Administrative Provisions
Section 339. Words and phrases defined. — The term "prohibited drugs" as
herein used, includes opium, cocaine, alpha and beta eucaine, their
derivatives, and all preparations made from them.
"Opium" embraces every kind, class, and character of opium, whether
crude, preparcel, ash, or refuse, and all narcotic preparations thereof
or therefrom, and all morphine or alkaloids of opium, and all
preparations in which opium, morphine, or any alkaloid of opium enters
as an ingredient, together with all opium leaves and wrappings of opium
leaves, whether such leaves or wrappings are prepared for use or not.
Section 340. Lawful possession and uses of prohibited drugs specified. —
Prohibited drugs may be lawfully kept, used, administered, and dealt in
under the following conditions and by the following persons only:
(a) Duly licensed and practicing physicians,
dentists, and veterinarians may, in the proper course of their
professional practice only, prescribe and administer, or cause to be
administered, prohibited drugs as medicine or anesthetic and may
receive and keep the same in their possession for such use.
(b) Government bureaus or officers of the Government
duly designated in writing for such purpose by the President of the
Philippines may receive, keep, use, and dispose of such drugs in
accordance with law, and the same may be lawfully sold, transferred, or
delivered to them.
(c) Pharmacists may receive, keep, and dispense
prohibited drugs upon the prescription of a duly licensed and
practicing physician, dentist, or veterinarian, and upon permit from
the Collector of Internal Revenue may transfer and deliver the same to
other pharmacists or to any person or institution lawfully authorized
to receive the same.
Section 341. Importation of opium — Storage of same. Opium shall be
imported only by the Government of the Philippines through the Bureau
of Internal Revenue; and all imported opium, after the payment of
duties, taxes, and charges, shall be delivered by the customs
authorities to the Collector of Internal Revenue for storage in a place
to be approved by him. Except in case of fire or similar necessity,
opium so stored shall be removed only for delivery to a person
authorized to receive the same, and before removal from storage the
drug shall be marked or labeled in such manner as may be prescribed in
the regulations of the Department of Finance.
A reasonable charge may be made for such storage, to be paid before the
opium is removed.
Section 342. Record to be kept by physicians, pharmacists, dentists, and
veterinarians. — Inspection of same. — Physicians, dentists,
veterinarians, and pharmacists shall keep true and correct records of
all prohibited drugs received and dispensed or transferred by them, in
such form and manner as may be prescribed in the regulations of the
Department of Finance.
Such record and the stock of prohibited drugs on hand shall be subject
to inspection at all times by the duly authorized officers, agents, or
deputies of the Bureau of Internal Revenue.
Section 343. Certificates of tax clearance to be secured by persons
leaving the Philippines. — No person shall leave the Philippines
without a certificate of tax clearance to be issued by the Collector of
Internal Revenue or his duly authorized representative. The provisions
of this section shall not, however, apply to sovereigns of foreign
governments and the members of their suites, whether personal or
official, representatives of foreign governments bearing diplomatic
passports, and consular agents and tourists not engaged in commerce in
the Philippines.
Section 344. Passage ticket to be issued only to persons exhibiting
certificates of tax clearance. — No person, corporation, company, or
association engaged in the business of carrying passengers shall issue
a passage ticket or carry any passenger from a place or port in the
Philippines to a foreign place or port, unless the tax clearance
certificate prescribed in the next preceding section is duly presented.
TITLE XI
General Provisions
Section 345. Statutory offenses of officers and employees. — Every
officer, agent, or employee of the Bureau of Internal Revenue who is
guilty of any delinquency hereinbelow specified, or who fails within
any of the classes hereinbelow indicated shall be punished by a fine of
not less than four hundred pesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or by
imprisonment for not less than six months nor more than five years, or
both:
(a) Those guilty of extortion or willful oppression
under color of law.
(b) Those who knowingly demand other or greater sums
than are authorized by law or receive any fees, compensation, or
reward, except as by law prescribed, for the performance of any duty.
(c) Those who willfully neglect to give receipts, as
by law required, for any sums collected in the performance of duty, or
who willfully neglect to perform any of the duties enjoined by law.
(d) Those who conspire or collude with another or
others to defraud the revenues or otherwise violate the law.
(e) Those who willfully make opportunity for any
person to defraud the revenues, or who do or omit to do any act with
intent to enable any other person to defraud the revenues.
(f) Those who negligently or designedly permit the
violation of the law by any other person.
(g) Those who make or sign any false entry or entries
in any book, or make or sign any false certificate or return in any
case where the law requires the making by them of such entry,
certificate, or return.
(h) Those who, having knowledge or information of a
violation of any provision of this Code, or of any fraud committed on
the revenues collectible by the Bureau of Internal Revenue, fail to
report such knowledge or information to their superior officer, or to
report as otherwise required by law.
(i) Those who, without the authority of law, demand
or accept or attempt to collect, directly or indirectly, as payment or
otherwise, any sum of money or other thing of value for the compromise,
adjustment, or settlement of any charge or complaint for any violation
or alleged violation of law.
Section 346. Reward of informer against officers and employees. — In
case of a conviction under the preceding section, one-half of any fine
imposed shall accrue to the National Government and the other half for
the benefit of the informer, who shall be ascertained and named in the
judgment of the court.
Section 347. Unlawful divulgence of trade secrets. — Except as provided
in section 81 any officer or employee of the Bureau of Internal Revenue
who divulges to any person or makes known in any other manner than may
be provided by law information regarding the business, income, or
inheritance of any taxpayer, the secrets, operation, style of work, or
apparatus of any manufacturer or producer, or confidential information
regarding the business of any taxpayer, knowledge of which was acquired
by him in the discharge of his official duties, shall be fined in a sum
of not more than two thousand pesos or imprisoned for a term of not
less than six months nor more than five years, or both.
Section 348. Unlawful interest of revenue officers in business.-Any
internal-revenue officer who is or shall become interested, directly or
indirectly, in the manufacture, sale or importation of any article
subject to tax under Title IV of this Code, or in the manufacture or
repair or sale, of any scale or balance, weight, or measure, or die for
the printing, or making of stamps, labels, or tags, shall be fined in a
sum of not less than four hundred pesos nor more than ten thousand
pesos.
Section 349. Procuring unlawful divulgence of trade secrets. — Any
person who causes or procures an officer or employee of the Bureau of
Internal Revenue to divulge any confidential information regarding the
business, income, or inheritance of any taxpayer, knowledge of which
was acquired by him in the discharge of his official duties, and which
it is unlawful for him to reveal, and any person who publishes or
prints in any manner whatever, not provided by law, any income,
profits, losses, or expenditures appearing in any income tax return
shall be fined in a sum of not more than two thousand pesos or
imprisoned for a term of not less than six months nor more than five
years, or both.
Section 350. Penalty for selling, transferring, encumbering or in any
way disposing of property placed under constructive distraint. — Any
taxpayer whose property has been placed under constructive distraint
who sells, transfers, encumbers, or in any way disposes of the said
property, or any part thereof, without the knowledge and consent of the
Collector of Internal Revenue, shall be punished by a fine in a sum
equal to twice the value of the property so sold, encumbered, or
disposed of, or by imprisonment of not less than six months but not
more than six years, or both: Provided, That where the value of the
property sold, encumbered, or disposed of is less than five hundred
pesos, the minimum fine shall be not less than five hundred pesos.
Section 351. Failure to surrender property placed under distraint and
levy. — Any person having in his possession or under his control any
property or rights to property, upon which a warrant of constructive
distraint or of actual distraint and levy has been issued shall, upon
demand by the Collector of Internal Revenue or any of his deputies
executing such warrant, surrender such property or right to property to
the Collector of Internal Revenue or any of his deputies, under such
property or rights is, at the time of such demand, subject to an
attachment or execution under any judicial process. Any person who
fails or refuses to surrender any of such property or right shall be
liable in his own person and estate to the Government in a sum equal to
the value of the property or rights not so surrendered but not
exceeding the amount of the taxes (including penalties and interest)
for the collection of which such warrant has been issued, together with
costs and interests, if any, from the date of such warrant. In
addition, such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than
three hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not more than six months or
both
Section 352. Violation of other provisions of this Code or regulations
in general. — A person who violates any provision of this Code or any
regulation of the Department of Finance made in conformity with the
same, for which delinquency no specific penalty is provided by law,
shall be punished by a fine of not more than three hundred pesos or by
imprisonment for not more than six months, or both.
Section 353. Subsidiary penalty. — If the person convicted for violation
of any of the provisions of this Code has no property with which to
meet the fine imposed upon him by the court, or is unable to pay such
fine, he shall be subject to a subsidiary personal liability at the
rate of one day for each two pesos and fifty centavos, subject to the
rules established in article 39 of the Revised Penal Code.
Section 354. Prescription for violations of any provisions of this Code.
- All violations of any provisions of this Code shall prescribe after
five years.
Prescription shall begin to run from the day of the commission of the
violation of the law, and if the same be not known at the time, from
the discovery thereof and the institution of judicial proceedings for
its investigation and punishment.
The prescription shall be interrupted when proceedings are instituted
against the guilty persons and shall begin to run again if the
proceedings are dismissed for reasons not constituting jeopardy.
The term of prescription shall not run when the offender is absent from
the Philippines.
Section 355. Making false entries or writing false or fictitious names
in books or records. — Any person who knowingly shall make a false
entry or enter a false or fictitious name in the books or records
mentioned in sections 334 and 335 of this Code, or who shall abet or
aid in any manner in the making or writing thereof, shall be fined in a
sum of not less than five hundred pesos nor more than five thousand
pesos or imprisoned for a term of not less than six months and one day
nor more than five years, or both.
Section 356. Failure to keep pharmacist's record. — A physician,
dentist, veterinarian, or pharmacist who fails to keep a true and
correct record of prohibited drugs received and dispensed or
transferred by him, as required by law and prescribed in the
regulations of the Department of Finance, or who fails to allow the
immediate inspection of his entire stock of such drugs upon the demand
of any internal-revenue officer or agent shall be punished by a fine of
not less than fifty pesos nor more than one thousand pesos.
TITLE XII
Allotment of Internal Revenue
CHAPTER I
Special Disposition of Certain National Internal Revenue
Section 357. Disposition of fees for sealing weights and measures. — The
proceeds of fees for the sealing and licensing of weights and measures
shall accrue equally to the province and municipality wherein collected.
Section 358. Disposition of proceeds of certain taxes. — Three-sevenths
of the proceeds of the internal-revenue percentage taxes on
agricultural products prescribed in sections 187 and 188 as well as the
taxes due from proprietors or operators of rope factories, sugar
centrals, rice mills, corn mills, coconut oil mills, and desiccated
coconut factories prescribed in section 189 of this Code shall accrue
to the provinces and the remaining four-sevenths shall accrue to the
municipalities. The apportionment shall be based on population as shown
by the latest official census,
Section 359. Disposition of proceeds of taxes on franchises. — Where the
grantee of any franchise, his lessees, successors, or assigns have
issued bonds with interest guaranteed by the Government of the
Philippines, the franchise tax shall accrue in its entirety to the
National Government until the guaranty ceases.
Taxes upon franchises whose obligations are not thus guaranteed shall
be applied as follows:
a) Where the franchise is for the operation of a
submarine telegraphic cable, the entire franchise tax shall accrue to
the National Government.
(b) Where the franchise is for a steam railroad or
marine railway operating in one or more municipalities, five-tenths of
the franchise tax shall accrue to the National Government, two-tenths
to the province or provinces concerned, and three-tenths to the
municipality or municipalities concerned; and where more than one
province participates in the provincial share, only so much of their
population shall be considered in making the division as is found in
the municipality or municipalities wherein the franchise is operated in
the particular province.
(c) Where the franchise is for an electric or tramway
line operating in one or more municipalities, one-fifth of the
franchise tax shall accrue to the National Government, one-fifth to the
province or provinces concerned and three fifths to the municipality or
municipalities concerned; and where more than one province
participates, the same rule of apportionment shall be observed as in
the subsection preceding.
(d) Where the franchise is for the operation of a
public-service plant or system different from those specified above,
and the same is doing business in one or more municipalities, one-fifth
of the franchise tax shall accrue to the National Government, one-fifth
to the municipality or municipalities concerned; and where more than
one province or municipality participates, the apportionment shall be
in proportion to the gross receipts from the business transacted within
their respective limits
Section 360. Disposition of proceeds of income, inheritance, and gift
taxes. — Two and one-half per centum of the proceeds of the tax on
income and of the tax on inheritance, legacies, and other acquisitions
mortis causa, as well as on gifts, shall accrue to the provinces, two
and one-half per centum shall accrue to the municipalities, and the
remaining ninety-five per centum shall accrue to the National
Government. The proceeds accruing to the provinces and municipalities
shall be apportioned on the basis of population as shown by the latest
official census.
Section 361. Disposition of proceeds of taxes on motor fuel. — The
proceeds of the tax on motor fuel prescribed in subsections (b), (c),
and (d) of section 142 of this Code shall be distributed as follows:
Twenty per centum shall accrue to the provincial road and bridge funds
of the different provinces in proportion to the population in each
province as shown in the latest available census and the remaining
eighty per centum of said money shall be deposited in the National
Treasury to constitute a special fund for the maintenance,
reconstruction, improvement, and, where practicable, for the
construction of provincial and national roads and bridges, to be
apportioned by the Secretary of Public Works and Communications to the
different provinces in the following proportions:
Twenty per centum equally among all the provinces;
Twenty per centum in proportion to the combined length of first and
second-class roads maintained through out the previous year in each
province;
Twenty per centum in proportion to the land area; and
Twenty per centum in the discretion of the Secretary of Public Works
and Communications for the maintenance, improvement, or construction of
interprovincial and coast-to-coast roads, or for the maintenance and
improvement of roads subject to unusually heavy traffic.
The sub province of Catanduanes shall be considered as a province
separate and independent from the Province of Albay for the purposes of
this section.
Chartered cities shall each receive a share equal to that of a province:
Provided, That the share corresponding to the chartered cities together
with the share corresponding to the province to which said cities were
formerly attached shall in no case exceed the whole amount which
corresponded to the city and the province together prior to their
separation.
The eighty per centum of the funds herein set aside are appropriated
exclusively for the maintenance, reconstruction, improvement, and,
where practicable, for the construction of provincial and national
roads and bridges; and the said funds shall be expended only upon
projects to be designated by the Secretary of Public Works and
Communications.
CHAPTER II
Disposition and Allotment of National Internal Revenue in General
Section 362. Disposition of national internal revenue in general. —
National internal revenue collected and not applied as hereinabove
provided or otherwise specially disposed of by law shall accrue to the
National Treasury and shall be available for the general purposes of
the Government, with the exception of the amounts set apart by way of
allotment under the next succeeding section.
Section 363. Allotment of national internal revenue for special
purposes. — Of the national internal revenue accruing to the National
Treasury under the preceding section there shall be set apart twenty
per centum to be distributed as follows:
Five per centum as a provincial allotment; five per centum as a road
and bridge allotment; and ten per centum as a municipal allotment:
Provided, however, That, instead of twenty per centum, only sixteen per
centum shall be set apart as provincial, road and bridge, and municipal
allotments, in the same proportion as specified above, during the
fiscal year nineteen hundred and thirty-nine and nineteen hundred and
forty; eighteen per centum nineteen hundred and forty-one; and twenty
per centum during the fiscal years thereafter.
The basis of the allotment shall be the collection during the preceding
fiscal year except that for the fiscal year nineteen hundred and
thirty-nine to nineteen hundred and forty, the basis shall be the
collection during the year nineteen hundred and thirty-eight: Provided,
however, That in case the collection for the current fiscal year is
greater or less than the collection for the preceding fiscal year,
necessary adjustment shall be made in the following fiscal year.
Section 364. Apportionment of provincial allotment. — The provincial
allotment shall be distributed among the provinces, and shall accrue in
equal proportions to their general funds and road and bridge funds.
Section 365. Apportionment and use of municipal allotment. — The
municipal allotment shall be for the benefit of the inhabitants of the
Philippines in the purview of their community requirements, being
available for municipal or other use as hereinbelow provided.
In regularly organized provinces containing non-Christian inhabitants,
so much of the municipal allotment available for a particular province
as pertains to its non-Christian inhabitants shall accrue to its
non-Christian inhabitants' fund.
In specially organized provinces, so much of the municipal allotment
available for a particular province as does not pertain to
municipalities or chartered cities shall accrue to the municipal
district and settlement fund of such province.
Such part of the municipal allotment as is not applied as hereinabove
provided shall be distributed among the various municipalities and
shall accrue in equal proportions to their general funds and school
funds.
CHAPTER III
Miscellaneous Provisions
Section 366. Status of cities, municipal districts, and other local
governmental divisions. — For purposes of the allotment of national
internal revenue, a municipal district, or other local governmental
division not constituting part of a municipality proper, shall have the
status of a municipality and shall be deemed to be included under the
term "municipality" as used in this Title.
Chartered cities shall receive the shares which they would receive if
they were both a municipality and a regularly organized province, and
for the purposes hereof shall be deemed to be both the one and the other
Section 367. Apportionment to be based upon census population. —
Apportionment of national internal revenue under the provisions of this
Title shall be based on population as shown by the latest official
census.
Section 368. Payment of allotments. — The payment of the
internal-revenue allotments shall be made from the National Treasury
quarterly, upon warrants drawn by the Collector of Internal Revenue
TITLE XIII
Repealing Provisions
Section 369. Laws repealed. — The Acts or parts of Acts enumerated to
the following schedule are repealed:
Schedule of Repealed Acts
(a) Acts Repealed in their Entirety
Acts Numbered Two thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, Two thousand
nine hundred and twenty-six, Three thousand and twenty-six, Three
thousand and ninety-seven, Three thousand two hundred and forty-three,
Three thousand six hundred and five, and Three thousand seven hundred
and sixty-one; Commonwealth Acts Numbered One hundred and seventeen,
One hundred and twenty- eight, and One hundred and ninety-five.
(b) Acts Repealed in Part
Portion Repealed
Acts Numbered —
Two thousand one hundred and fifty-two, sections twenty-two and
twenty-three.
Two thousand six hundred and thirteen, section eight only.
Two thousand seven hundred and eleven, otherwise known as the Revised
Administrative Code, Chapter nineteen; Chapter forty, as amended by
Acts Numbered Two thousand seven hundred and thirty-three, Two thousand
seven hundred and seventy-five, Two thousand eight hundred and
thirty-five, Two thousand eight hundred and ninety-two, Two thousand
nine hundred and twenty-five, Two thousand nine hundred and
seventy-one, Three thousand thirty-one, Three thousand and forty-seven,
Three thousand and seventy-four, Three thousand and eighty- two, Three
thousand two hundred and forty-eight, Three thousand two hundred and
seventy-four, Three thousand two hundred and ninety-three, Three
thousand five hundred and twenty-six, Three thousand six hundred and
six, Three thousand six hundred and eighty-five, Three thousand seven
hundred and nine, Three thousand seven hundred and twelve, Three
thousand seven hundred and thirteen, Three thousand eight hundred
sixty-seven, Three thousand nine hundred and sixty-three, and Four
thousand and fifty-eight, and Commonwealth Acts Numbered One hundred
and six, One hundred and twenty-two, One hundred and thirty-five, Two
hundred and three, Two hundred and fifteen, Two hundred and
forty-three, Two hundred and fifty-one, and Four hundred and eleven;
Article XII, of Chapter sixty-six, as amended by Acts Numbered Two
thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, Two thousand eight hundred and
thirty-five, Three thousand six hundred and six, and Three thousand
seven hundred and thirteen, and Commonwealth Acts Numbered One hundred
thirty-seven and Two hundred and seven.
Two thousand nine hundred and eighty-four, section two as amended by
Act Numbered Three thousand eight hundred sixty-five.
Three thousand nine hundred and ninety-seven, sections two, three,
four, and five, the last two sections as amended by Commonwealth Act
Numbered Three hundred and forty-one.
Commonwealth Act Numbered One hundred and thirty-seven, sections
seventy-nine and eighty-eight:
Provided, That paragraphs (k), (g), (r), (s), (t), and (v) of section
One thousand four hundred and sixty-four paragraphs (k), (o), (p), (q),
(r), and (t) of section one thousand four hundred and sixty-five and
section one thousand four hundred and sixty-seven, all of Act Numbered
Two thousand seven hundred and eleven, and section two of Act Numbered
Two thousand nine hundred and eighty-four, as amended by Act Numbered
Three thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, shall be considered
repealed only after the cities and municipalities shall have lawfully
taxed the business specified in said paragraphs (k), (q), (r), (s),
(t), and (v), of said section one thousand four hundred and sixty-four
of Act Numbered Two thousand seven hundred and eleven and in section
two of Act Numbered Two thousand nine hundred and eight-four, as
amended, at rates not less than those prescribed therein: Provided,
further, That section one thousand four hundred and fifty-nine also of
Act Numbered Two thousand seven hundred and eleven and Act Numbered
Three thousand two hundred and forty-three, shall be considered
repealed only upon proclamation by the President of the Philippines of
the approval by the President of the United States of section 187 of
this Code: And provided finally, That nothing in this Section shall be
construed as affecting any tax exemption granted by any Act not
specifically mentioned in this section.
TITLE XIV
Final Provisions
Section 370. Separability clause. — If any clause sentence, paragraph,
or part of this Code shall be adjudged by any Court of competent
jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or
invalidate the remainder of said Code, but shall be confined in its
operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, or part thereof directly
involved in the controversy.
Section 371. Effective date. — When section 187 of this Code shall have
been approved by the President of the United States, as provided in
section two, subsection (a), paragraph nine of the Act of Congress of
March twenty- four, nineteen hundred and thirty-four, entitled, "An Act
to provide for the complete independence of the Philippine Islands, to
provide for the adoption of a constitution and a form of government for
the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," such fact shall be
made known by proclamation of the President of the Philippines, and
said section 187 of this Code shall take effect on the date of said
proclamation.
Except as otherwise specifically provided, this Code shall take effect
on July first; nineteen hundred and thirty-nine.
Approved: June 15, 1939.
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