Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1935 > March 1935 Decisions > G.R. No. 42744 March 27, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. BENJAMIN BARRUGA

061 Phil 318:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

EN BANC

[G.R. No. 42744. March 27, 1935.]

THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BENJAMIN BARRUGA, Defendant-Appellant.

Luis Atienza Bijis for Appellant.

Solicitor-General Hilado for Appellee.

SYLLABUS


1. CRIMINAL LAW; ROBBERY WITH HOMICIDE; INSUFFICIENCY OF EVIDENCE TO PROVE ROBBERY. — The finding of the trial judge that the robbery was not satisfactorily proved is in accordance with the evidence, because the prosecution failed to show that the money in question was in the drawer when Y. B. U. and the two boys were killed, that is, that Y. B. U. had not transferred it to the iron safe before retiring for the nigh. If there was no money left in the drawer that could be taken, the crime of robbery could not be committed, and the purpose for which Y. B. U. and the two children were slain was defeated.

2. ID.; ID.; ID.; TRIPLE MURDER. — We cannot assent to the conviction of the defendant for the complex crime of robbery with homicide, when the evidence is insufficient to sustain the charge of robbery, because such a conviction might appear to be more favorable to him than conviction for three crimes of murder. In the case of People v. Mones (58 Phil., 46), cited by the lower court, the robbery was proved by the confessions of the defendants.

3. ID.; ID.; ID.; ID.; CONVICTION FOR ALL THE OFFENSES ALLEGED AND PROVED. — It is now the settled doctrine of this court that if two or more separate offenses are charged in the same complaint and the accused goes to trial without objecting thereto by virtue of section 21 of General Orders, No. 58, he should be convicted of all the offenses alleged and proved. (U. S. v. Balaba, 37 Phil., 260; People v. Miana, 50 Phil., 771.)

4. ID.; ID.; ID.; ID.; ID. — It has likewise been decided by this court that if a person is charged with the complex crime of robbery with homicide, and the evidence is not sufficient to prove the robbery, the accused should be convicted of each homicide alleged and proved, although the number of persons that may have been killed is immaterial in the complex crime of robbery with homicide. (U. S. v. Lahoylahoy and Madanlog, 38 Phil., 330; People v. Manuel, 44 Phil., 333; People v. Cha and Milagrosa, 45 Phil., 137.)

5. ID.; ID.; ID.; ID.; DEATH PENALTY IMPOSED. — The facts alleged and proved constitute three separate crimes, that is, the killing of three persons by different acts, and it was alleged and proved beyond any reasonable doubt that the appellant slew the three persons treacherously while they lay asleep; and since it was proved that the deceased were murdered in their own dwelling, and the appellant gained access thereto by climbing through a window, and these two aggravating circumstances are not offset by any mitigating circumstance, the appellant must be, and he hereby is, sentenced to suffer the penalty of death for each of the three crimes, although the sentence cannot be executed more than once, and to indemnify the heirs of each of the deceased persons in the sum of P1,000.


D E C I S I O N


PER CURIAM:


The defendant was tried before Judge Diego Locsin in the Court of First Instance of Masbate on a plea of not guilty to an amended information for the crime of robbery with homicide, in which it was alleged:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"Que en o hacia el dia 16 de marzo de 1934, en el Municipio de San Jacinto, Provincia de Masbate, Islas Filipinas, el referido acusado armado de un bolo, con animo de lucro y mediante fuerza y violencia, voluntaria, ilegal y criminalmente entro pasando pro la ventana de la casa habitada de uno llamado Yap Bon Uan alias Uana apoderandose del dinero contenido en una caja de madera que ascendia a la cantidad de P400 de la propiedad de dicho Yap Bon Uan alias Uana y con ocasion de dicho robo, mediante alevosia, pemeditacion conocida, abuso de superioridad, nocturnidad y morada, agredio e hirio al mencionado Yap Bon Uan alias Uana y a los ninos llamados Pilgrim Antonio Yap y Fidencio Constantino hijo y sobrino respectivamente del mencionado Yap Bon Uan alias Uana con el bolo de que estaba provisto, causando a dichos Yap Bon Uan alias Uana, Pilgrim Antonio Yap y Fidencio Constantino varias heridas mortales de necesidad de las cuales, los referidos Yap Bon Uan alias Uana, Pilgrim Antonio Yap y Fidencio Constantino murieron instantaneamente en el acto."cralaw virtua1aw library

In an extended review of the evidence the trial judge made the following findings of fact:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"En o antes del mes de marzo de 1934, el hoy difunto Yap Bon Uan, su esposa Rita Constantino, sus dos hijos Pilgrim Antonio Yap, alias ’Bombero’, y Santiago Yap, y su sobrino Fidencio Constantino, vivian en su casa en el sitio de Rauis, San Jacinto, Masbate. El acusado Benjamin Barruga, hacia la misma epoca vivia, a su vez, con su esposa e hijos en la casa de su suegro, Pedro Malana, al lado y a una distancia de dos metros de la casa de Yap Bon Uan (veanse fotografias exhibits C y C-1). En aquel entonces, Yap Bon Uan era negociante en copra y abaca y tenia, ademas, una tienda en los bajos de su casa (veanse dos croquis exhibits A y L). El acusado Benjamin Barruga tenia familiaridad con los hijos y sobrino de Yap Bon Uan, especialmente con Pilgrim Antonio Yap con quien solia jugar al ’paitic’ (cara y cruz) e iba, ademas, con frecuencia a la casa del citado Yap Bon Uan, en cuya tienda tomaba efectos al fiado. Hacia el 3 de marzo de 1934, el acusado Benjamin Barruga pidio por prestado P15 del hoy occiso Yap Bon Uan, pero este no se los dio.

"En la manama del 15 de marzo, Yap Hok Ian, del motor Cesar Barrios, compro abaca y copra de Yap Bon Uan, pagandolos con 15 billetes de banco de a P10, y el acusado Benjamin Barruga, desde una de las ventanas de la tienda de Yap Bon Uan y a una distancia de un metro de esta, vio cuando dicho Yap Bon Uan recibio los P150 y cuando el mismo los guardo dentro del cajon, con llave, de una estanteria de su tienda. Un macao pago a Yap Bon Uan P9, y esta cantidad tambien se guardo en el mismo cajon donde se habian puesto los P150. Las ventas de la teinda de aquel dia llegaron a P8, y este dinero se guardo en un cajon, sin llave, de una mesa. La tienda de Yap Bon Uan se cerro a la 9 p.m., y hasta el momento de su cierre las cantidades arriba referidas se hallaban en los sitios donde fueron guardadas.

"A eso de las 7 de la noche del mismo dia 15 de marzo, el acusado supo de Ricardo Olidan, faginante de Yap Bon Uan, que en aquella noche solo, dormirian en la casa de autos el viejo Yap Bon Uan, su hijo Pilgrim Antonio y su sobrino Fidencio, porque Rita Constantino, esposa de Yap Bon Uan, que habia salido para Bulan el dia anterior, no regresario hasta el dia siguiento, 16, y el despachador Ricardo Constantino no dormiria en la tienda. Despues de recibir esta informacion, el acusado, en compania de su esposa e hijos, fue a la casa de Juan Espineda, situada frente de la misma casa de dicho acusado, con el objeto de hacer curar el dolor de vientre de su citada esposa, pero a eso de las 8 de aquella noche, el citado acusado bajo solo de aquella casa para ya no volver mas. Mas tarde, o sea, entre 8 y 9 de aquella noche, el acusado Benjamin Barruga fue visto por Lorenzo Grajo en las afueras de la tienda de Yap Bon Uan.

"Entre 3 y 4 de la madrugada del dia siguiente, 16 de marzo, mientras Lorenzo Grajo y Guillermo Magdaraog, pasando por la playa de San Jacinto, se dirigian, el primero, al mercado para comprar ’bibinca’ y llevarla a Tacdogan, y el segundo a su sementera en Juyan, al llegar ambos cerca de la parte trasera de la casa de Yap Bon Uan, vieron a una persona sobre el cobertizo o media agua que habia en aquella parte de la casa, la cual persona bajo despues pasando por un arbol de papaya. Mientras esta persona bajaba de la papaya, Lorenzo Grajo le enfoco con su flashlight, y entonces el y Guillermo Magdaraog reconocieron que aquel individio era el acusado, que vestia una americana de color oscuro y llevaba en su cinto un bolo, y en su sobaco un pequeno envoltorio. En la fotografia Exhibit C-2 se halla indicado con la letra A el sitio donde Grajo y Magdaraog vieron por primera vez al acusado, y con la letra B la papaya por donde este bajo y fue enfocado por Grajo con su flashlight. En aquella misma madrugada, Lorenzo Moneda, que iba en busca de su banca desaparecida, vio al acusado banandose en la playa y salir despues del agua, llevando ropa en su mano derecha. La americana Exhibit I, de color oscuro, fue hallada en la casa del acusado al dia siguiente, 17 de marzo, y entonces estaba aun humeda y pegajosa, a causa del agua salada.

"En la mañana del 16, el mismo occiso Yap Bon Uan no abrio su tienda, como era su costumbre, y, averiguado el motivo, resulto que tanto el como su hijo Antonio y su sobrino Fidencio habian sido muertos, en el mismo sitio donde se hallaban dormidos, con los cuellos casi cortados (Veanse exhibits A, B al B-3 y L). Sus petates, almohadas y ropas, tintos en sangre, son los exhibitos E, F, G y H. Se dio cuenta de este macabro descubrimiento a las autoridades locales, y se practico la investigacion correspondiente. Dentro de la tienda, al parecer, nada se habia movido, pero cuando Ricardo Constantino, cunado de Yap Bon Uan, intento abrir el cajon de la estanteria donde este quardaba su dinero, encontro que dicho cajon se hallaba cerrado de Yap Bon Uan y vio las llaves de este colgadas en su cinturon, ya aflojado, hacia el lado izquierdo de su cintura, cuando la costumbre de dicho Yap Bon Uan era pasar su cinturon en la argolla de sus llaves, teniendolas siempre hacia el lado derecho de su cintura. De este manojo de llaves se corto con una tijera el cordon de la llave del cajon de la estanteria donde se guardaron los P159, y se abrio dicho cajon que se hallaba, al parecer, manchado de sangre, pero resulto que no contenia cantidad alguna y si solo unos vales manchados de sangre y un cajon de cigarrillos vacio, tambien manchado de sangre. Tampoco se encontro dinero en el cajon sin llave donde se guardaba la venta diaria de la tienda. La caja de hierro (vease Exhibit L) de la tienda estaba, asimismo, manchada de sangre.

"De un examen de las ventanas que dan hacia la media agua de la parte trasera de la casa, resulto que el pasador de una de ellos, o sea, de la ventana marcada con la letra X en el croquis Exhibit L, se puede subir y bajar con los dedos de una persona que estuviese en dicha media agua, porque entre el pasamano y la parte inferior de la hija de la ventana habia un hueco por donde se pueden introducir los dedos para subir el pasador y abrir la ventana, y despues bajar el mismo pasador, desde fuera, para cerrar la misma ventana. Tambien se ha visto que la corteza del arbol de papaya al lado de la media agua tenia rasgunos."cralaw virtua1aw library

The conclusion of the medical certificate of the local health officer, Dr. Bernardino M. Baylon, which is quoted in full in the decision, is as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"Due to the sizes and situations of the wounds, specially those inflicted in the necks of the mentioned persons above, they have died immediately, and judging from the still fresh coagulated blood found spread on their beds and surrounding, my opinion is that the mentioned persons have died about 5 to 6 hours ago from the time of my examination at about 8 a.m. in the morning of March 16, 1934, at San Jacinto, Masbate."cralaw virtua1aw library

Continuing, the trial judge said:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"Lo que antecede son los hechos que el Juzgado encuentra plenamente probados por el testimonio de los testigos de la acusasion, y aun cuando nadie ha podido declarar haber visto al acusado en el acto de cometer el delito querellado, debido, indudablemente, a que todos los habitantes de la casa de autos hallaron muerte tragica en manos del criminal, sin embargo, relacionando dichos hechos con lo declarado por el Dr. Baylon, de que en su opinion las heridas de los tres occisos fueron inferidas 5 o 6 horas antes desu reconocimiento, o sea, hacia las 2 o las tres de aquella madrugada, hora proximamente en que el acusado fue visto en la media agua de la casa de autos; con el proceder del acusado, propio de una conciencia culpable, de salir de San Jacinto entre 6 y 7 de la manama del dia de la comision del crimen, sin desayunar, para emprender un largo viaje, y sin comer tampoco la siesta de aquel dia; y con la circunstancia de que a pesar de haber salido dicho acusado de San Jacinto, antes del descubrimiento del crimen, y no haber vuelto hasta el 24 de marzo, cuando se encontro con Agapito Guadayo en la cabecera de Masbate el 20 del mismo mes, describio a este la situacion de las heridas de Yap Bon Uan y del hijo y sobrino del mismo, tal como las hubiera descrito una persona que hubiese visto dischos cadaveres, nos llevan a la unica conclusion de que el aqui acusado, y no otra persona, fue el que, impulsado por el deseco de robar, se introdujo en la casa de Yap Bon Uan en la madrugada del 16 de marzo de 1934, pasando por una de las ventanas que dan hacia la media agua o cobertizo de la parte trasera de la casa, y, una vez dentro, mato a Yap Bon Uan, a Pilgrim Antonio Yap y a Fidencio Constantino, para apoderarse de las llaves que el primero tenia en el cinturon que llevaba puesto, y, con una de dichos llaves, abrio el cajon de la estanteria donde Yap Bon Uan habia guardado la cantidad de P159, la cual cantidad ya no fue hallada al dia siguiente en dicho cajon. La hora de la ejecucion del crimen, antes o hacia las 3 de la madrugada, no debe causar extraneza puesto que el acusado no podia haberlo ejecutado antes, sin exponer su exito, porque a 55 o 60 metros de la casa de autos se celebraba entonces un baile que continuo, lo menos, haste despues de la una de la madrugada de aquel dia. Tampoco debe causar extraneza el hecho de que se haya dado muerte, no solo al viejo Yap Bon Uan, sino tambien a Antonio Yap y Fidencio Constantino, puesto que el acusado era muy conocido por dichos chiquillos y estos le hubieran delatado si se les hubiese dejado con vida.

"El Juzgado ha tenido sumo cuidado de observar a los testigos de la acusacion mientras prestaban su declaracion, y nada ha encontrado en ellos que desdiga de su veracidad. La esposa del testigo Lorenzo Grajo y la del testigo Juan Espineda, son parientes de la esposa del acusado, y esta relacion de parentesco hace resaltar mas la veracidad del testimonio de los citados testigos. Por otro lado, tanto el acusado como sus testigos no insinuan, siquiera, que dichos testigos declararon en esta causa impulsados por sentimientos de venganza o deseos de perjudicar al aqui acusado. Al apreciar el testimonio de Lorenzo Grajo y Guillermo Magdaraog, el Juzgado ha tenido en cuenta el hecho de que ellos no comunicaron a las autoridades lo que habian visto en la madrugada del 16 de marzo de 1934, hasta el mes de abril o mayo del mismo ano, pero ha llegado a la conclusion de que esta dilacion no puede afectar a su veracidad, por haber ellos satisfactoriamente explicado el motivo de su silencio. Segun Lorenzo Grajo, su esposa es prima hermana de la esposa del acusado, y esta estrecha relacion fue la que le impidio revelar lo que habia visto en aquella madrugada hasta que, no pudiendo permitir su conciencia que quedase sin castigo el culpable, decidio comunicar a las autoridades lo que habia visto en la madrugada de autos. Tan sincera y desapasionada fue la declaracion de este testigo que, en preguntas directas, solo se limito a contestar lo que se le preguntaba, y unicamente dijo que el acusado llevaba en aquella madrugada un bolo en su cinto y un envoltorio en el sobaco — detalle cuya importancia para la acusacion el no ignoraba, por ser juez de paz auxiliar — cuando sobre este hecho fue preguntado por uno de los abogados del acusado. Por su parte, Guillermo Magdaraog, dice que no quiso decir a nadie lo que habia visto para evitar las molestias que le podrian irrogar, pero el 23 de mayo, mientras bebia tuba con el secreta de la constabularia llamado Ante, a quien no conocia como agente de la autoridad porque iba de paisano, este se lamento de la muerte de los dos chiquillos y el (Guillermo Magdaraog) entonces pudo decirle que conocia la persona que cometio el crimen, advirtiendole, sin embargo, que no dijera a nadie. Magdaraog es una de embargo, que no dijera a nadie. Magdaraog es una de esas personas sencillas del campo, y este explicacion de su silencio es muy verosimil."cralaw virtua1aw library

As to the nature of the crime committed, the lower court found that the commission of the robbery was not satisfactorily proved, because Yap Bon Uan, before retiring, might have taken the money from the drawer and put it in the iron safe which he had in the store; that it was not proved that this safe was opened and that the money in question was not found therein. Nevertheless considering a conviction of the complex crime of robbery with homicide more favorable to the accused than a conviction for three crimes of murder, the trial judge found the defendant guilty as charged, and taking into consideration the aggravating circumstances of alevosia, nocturnity, and morada sentenced him to suffer the death penalty, to indemnify the heirs of the three deceased in the sum of P1,000, and to pay the costs.

From that judgment the defendant appealed to this court, and his attorney now makes eight assignments of error.

It is first contended that the lower court erred in finding that Yap Bon Uan P150 in the afternoon of March 15, 1934, and that the appellant saw Yap Bon Uan put this money away in a locked drawer in the store.

The argument under this assignment of error is based partly upon an affidavit of Yap Hok Ian, which was not introduced into evidence. Yap Hok Ian was the super-cargo of a boat from Cebu, and was not present at the trial. The affidavit in question was of court inadmissible.

As to the contention that the defendant could not see from his house Yap Bon Uan receive and count the money, the evidence shows that the defendant was standing near a window of the store, looking through the wire screen. As to the alleged discrepancy respecting the amount of money received by Yap Bon Uan, this would be accounted for by deducting from the value of the hemp and copra sold the cost of the rice or other merchandise purchased.

The argument under the second and third assignments of error relates to the credibility of the witnesses Lorenzo Grajo, Guillermo Magdaraog, and Lorenzo Moneda. The trial judge carefully considered the testimony of these witnesses, their character and manner of testifying, and stated his reasons for regarding them, as trustworthy witnesses. The arguments advanced by appellant’s attorney were in effect considered and refuted in the decision appealed from.

The fourth assignment of error is as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"El Tribunal a quo incurrio en error al sentar la conclusion de que el aqui acusado apelante era el autor de la muerte de Yap Bon Uan, Peregrino Antonio Yap y Fidencio Constantino, solamente porque dicho acusado apelante salio de San Jacinto entre seis y siete de la manana del dia 16 de marzo de 1934, dia siguiente a la noche en que se cometio el crimen."cralaw virtua1aw library

It is obviously untrue that the lower court concluded that the defendant murdered the aforesaid persons solely because he left San Jacinto between six and seven o’clock on the morning of March 16th. The various reasons of the trial judge for finding that the defendant treacherously slew these persons in their sleep are fully set forth in the decision of the lower court.

While the case was pending trial, the defendant informed the fiscal that he wished to make a statement, and after being informed of his rights in the premises he made and swore to the statement marked Exhibit O, wherein he said that he and his wife spent the night of March 15th at home in the house of his father-in-law, Pedro Malana; that his wife lied when she told the fiscal that she and the defendant spent the night of March 15th in the house of Juan Espineda; but at the trial the defendant testified that he and his wife spent the night in question in the house of Juan Espineda, and that the statement made to the fiscal was made at the instance of a Constabulary soldier named Ante. This soldier could not be presented as a witness, because at the time of the trial he was stationed in another province. The trial judge rejected the contention of the defendant that he was forced or induced by Ante to make the statement to the fiscal, because the defendant in intelligent, aggressive, and was for three years a Constabulary soldier.

The attorney for the appellant states on page 17 of his brief that the appellant was notified by his niece, Concepcion Lique, on March 15th that his father was expecting him because he was very sick, and that this fact was not refuted. The truth is that Concepcion Lique did not testify that she told her that defendant’s father was sick and needed the defendant; and in his statement to the fiscal the defendant said he set out on March 16th, because long before that his older sister, Perpetua Barruga, had told him that his father was sick in Nabanig (sali en aquel dia porque mucho antes mi hermana mayor, Perpetua Barruga, me habia informado que nuestro padre estaba enfermo en Nabanig, Dimasalang).

The last four errors assigned are as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"V. El Tribunal a quo incurrio en error al sentar la conclusion de que el aqui acusado apelante es culpable del delito de robo, para cuya perpetracion causo muerte a tres personas, no obstante no haber sido probada satisfactoriamente la existencia o la comision de dicho robo, segun dicho Tribunal mismo ha declarado en la parte espositiva de la sentencia apelada.

"VI. El Tribunal a quo incurrio en error al sentar la conclusion de que no obstante no haber sido probada satisfactoriamente por la acusasion la existencia o la comision del delito de robo, debe declararsele al acusado culpable de tal delito, por ser esta conclusion mas favorable a dicho acusado.

"VII. El Tribunal a quo incurrio en error al imponer al aqui acusado apelante la pena capital, no obstante que aun en la hipotesis de que las pruebas presentadas por la acusacion en la presente causa son ciertas, cosa que negamos, dichas pruebas no justifican la condena impuesta al referido acusado apelante.

"VIII. El Tribunal a quo incurrio en error al declarar al aqui acusado apelante culpable del delito de que se le acusa, y al condenarle, no obstante no haber sido probado concluyentemente y fuera de toda duda racional su culpabilidad."cralaw virtua1aw library

The finding of the trial judge that the robbery was not satisfactorily proved is in accordance with the evidence, because the prosecution failed to show that the money in question was in the drawer when Yap Bon Uan and the two boys were killed, that is, that Yap Bon Uan had not transferred it to the iron safe before retiring for the night. If there was no money left in the drawer that could be taken, the crime of robbery could not be committed, and the purpose for which Yap Bon Uan and the two children were slain was defeated.

We cannot asset to the conviction of the defendant for the complex crime of robbery with homicide, when the evidence is insufficient to sustain the charge of robbery, because such a conviction might appear to be more favorable to him than conviction for three crimes of murder. In the case of People v. Mones (58 Phil., 46), cited by the lower court, the robbery was proved by the confessions of the defendants.

"Where, in a trial for the complex offense of robbery with double homicide, the proof fails to support the charge of robbery, the penalties appropriate to each of the homicides should be imposed, to be successively served in conformity with article 87 of the Penal Code, in relation with No. 2 of article 88 of the same Code." (People v. Cha and Milagrosa, 45 Phil., 137.)

It is now the settled doctrine of this court that if two or more separate offenses are charged in the same complaint and the accused goes to trial without objecting thereto by virtue of section 21 of General Orders, No. 58, he should be convicted of all the offenses alleged and proved. (U. S. v. Balaba, 37 Phil., 260; People v. Miana, 50 Phil., 771.) .

It has likewise been decided by this court that if a person is charged with the complex crime of robbery with homicide, and the evidence is not sufficient to prove the robbery, the accused should be convicted of each homicide alleged and proved, although the number of persons that may have been killed is immaterial in the complex crime of robbery with homicide. (U. S. v. Lahoylahoy and Madanlog, 38 Phil., 330; People v. Manuel, 44 Phil., 333; People v. Cha and Milagrosa, 45 Phil., 137.)

We, therefore, find the appellant guilty not of the complex crime of robbery with homicide, as found by the lower court, but of three crimes of murder, since the facts alleged and proved constitute three separate crimes, that is, the killing of three persons by different acts, and it was alleged and proved beyond any reasonable doubt that the appellant slew the three persons treacherously while they lay asleep; and since it was proved that the deceased were murdered in their own dwelling, and the appellant gained access thereto by climbing through a window, and these two aggravating circumstances are not offset by any mitigating circumstance, the appellant must be, and he hereby is, sentenced to suffer the penalty of death for each of the three crimes, although the sentence cannot be executed more than once, and to indemnify the heirs of each of the deceased persons in the sum of P1,000.

When this decision has become final and the record has been returned to the lower court, the judge thereof is ordered to designate a day for the execution, which shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Revised Penal Code.

As thus modified, the decision appealed from is affirmed, with the costs against the Appellant.

Avanceña, C.J., Street, Malcolm, Villa-Real, Abad Santos, Hull, Vickers, Imperial, Butte, Goddard and Diaz, JJ., concur.




Back to Home | Back to Main




















chanrobles.com





ChanRobles On-Line Bar Review

ChanRobles Internet Bar Review : www.chanroblesbar.com

ChanRobles MCLE On-line

ChanRobles Lawnet Inc. - ChanRobles MCLE On-line : www.chanroblesmcleonline.com






March-1935 Jurisprudence                 

  • G.R. No. 43107 March 2, 1935 - SIXTO F. ESQUIVIAS v. PEDRO MA. SISON

    061 Phil 211

  • G.R. No. 41486 March 7, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. LUDDAY BAGOBO

    061 Phil 216

  • G.R. No. 42924 March 12, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ANSELMO MORALES

    061 Phil 222

  • G.R. No. 41423 March 19, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CRISANTO TAMAYO

    061 Phil 225

  • G.R. Nos. 42590 & 42591 March 23, 1935 - PASAY TRANSPORTATION CO. v. PAMPANGA BUS COMPANY, ET AL.

    061 Phil 227

  • G.R. No. 41506 March 25, 1935 - PHILIPPINE REFINING CO. v. FRANCISCO JARQUE

    061 Phil 229

  • G.R. No. 42818 March 25, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CONRADO AGLAHI

    061 Phil 233

  • G.R. No. 41200 March 26, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MARIANO CU UNJIENG

    061 Phil 236

  • G.R. No. 42767 March 26, 1935 - BALTAZAR ALANO v. TOMAS V. FLORIDO, ET AL.

    061 Phil 303

  • G.R. No. 41746 March 27, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOAQUIN SIOJO

    061 Phil 307

  • G.R. No. 42744 March 27, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. BENJAMIN BARRUGA

    061 Phil 318

  • G.R. No. 41873 March 28, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. BUENAVENTURA ISLETA

    061 Phil 332

  • G.R. No. 41595 March 29, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DOMINADOR MARAÑON

    061 Phil 337

  • G.R. No. 42117 March 29, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. GREGORIO REYES

    061 Phil 341

  • G.R. No. 41674 March 30, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. REMEDIOS DE LA CRUZ

    061 Phil 344

  • G.R. No. 42115 March 30, 1935 - TEC BI & COMPANY v. COLLECTOR OF INTERNAL REVENUE

    061 Phil 351

  • G.R. No. 42395 March 30, 1935 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DELFIN L. LARDIZABAL

    061 Phil 360