March 1972 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
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G.R. No. L-29742 March 29, 1972 - VICENTE YU v. EMILIO MAPAYO:
FIRST DIVISION
[G.R. No. L-29742. March 29, 1972.]
VICENTE YU, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. EMILIO MAPAYO, Defendant-Appellee.
Leonor S. Lozano for plaintiff and appellant
Gregorio A. Palabrica for defendant and appellee.
SYLLABUS
1. REMEDIAL LAW; DISMISSAL FOR FAILURE TO PROSECUTE; NOT PROPER WHERE ALLEGATIONS IN COMPLAINT ADMITTED IN ANSWER. — Where the answer admits defendant’s obligation as stated in the complaint, albeit special defenses are pleaded, plaintiff has every right to insist that it is for defendant to come forward with evidence in support of his special defenses. Defendant not having supported his special defenses, the dismissal of the case for failure to prosecute on the part of counsel for the plaintiff was manifestly untenable and contrary to law.
2. ID.; ID.; ID.; SECTION 2 RULE 129, REVISED RULES OF COURT SUPPORTS PLAINTIFF’S REFUSAL TO PRESENT EVIDENCE. — Plaintiffs counsel refused to comply with the order of the trial court requiring plaintiff to present his evidence. Instead of calling his witnesses, he moved the court to present them after the defendant had presented their evidence. Such a stand is supported by Section 2 of the Revised Rule of Court 129.
3. ID.; ID.; ID.; RULES OF JUDICIAL ETHICS VIOLATED BY JUDGE IN CASE AT BAR. — While this appeal is not a complaint against the presiding judge, We cannot refrain from observing that the trial judge’s despotic and outrageous insistence that plaintiff should present proof in support of allegations that were not denied but admitted by the adverse party was totally unwarranted, and was made worse by the trial judge’s continual interrupting of the explanations of counsel, in violation of the rules of judicial ethics.
2. ID.; ID.; ID.; SECTION 2 RULE 129, REVISED RULES OF COURT SUPPORTS PLAINTIFF’S REFUSAL TO PRESENT EVIDENCE. — Plaintiffs counsel refused to comply with the order of the trial court requiring plaintiff to present his evidence. Instead of calling his witnesses, he moved the court to present them after the defendant had presented their evidence. Such a stand is supported by Section 2 of the Revised Rule of Court 129.
3. ID.; ID.; ID.; RULES OF JUDICIAL ETHICS VIOLATED BY JUDGE IN CASE AT BAR. — While this appeal is not a complaint against the presiding judge, We cannot refrain from observing that the trial judge’s despotic and outrageous insistence that plaintiff should present proof in support of allegations that were not denied but admitted by the adverse party was totally unwarranted, and was made worse by the trial judge’s continual interrupting of the explanations of counsel, in violation of the rules of judicial ethics.
D E C I S I O N
REYES, J.B.L., J.:
Appeal from an order of the Court of First Instance of Davao City, Branch II (Judge Alfredo I. Gonzalez presiding), rendered in its Civil Case No. 4018, dismissing plaintiff’s action for lack of prosecution.
The case originally started in the City Court of Davao, Branch II, where appellant therein had filed suit to recover from defendant Emilio Mapayo the sum of P2,800, representing the unpaid balance of the purchase price of a Gray Marine Engine sold by the plaintiff to the defendant, plus attorney’s fees. The answer admitted the transaction and the balance due but contended that by reason of hidden defects of the article sold, the defendant had been forced to spend P2,800 for repairs and labor, wherefore plaintiff had agreed to waive the balance due on the price of the engine, and counterclaimed for damages and attorneys’ fees. The City Court, after trial, disallowed the defenses and ordered the defendant to pay plaintiff P2,500.00 and costs (Record on Appeal, pages 9-16).
Defendant Mapayo appealed to the Court of First Instance, filing an answer therein that was a virtual reproduction of his original defenses in the City Court. When, after several continuances, the case was called for hearing on 13 March 1968, the defendant, as well as his counsel, failed to appear and the court scheduled the case for hearing ex parte on the same day. The Court ordered plaintiff to present his evidence, and from the unchallenged stenographic notes quoted in appellant’s brief, pages 11-14 (Transcript, pages 4-7), the following transpired:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
If your Honor please, before I present my witness I should like to present the issue because all the allegations of the complaint are admitted and I am going to specify by the answer, your Honor. (Italics supplied)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
The issue is void on the hidden defect.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
That is why, if your Honor please, the point if your Honor please, is I do not have to prove that there is a gasoline engine that was taken by the defendant from the plaintiff for an agreed amount of P6,800.00 because the allegation in paragraph 1, No. 2 and No. 3, is admitted in the answer.
In other words, if your Honor please, the promissory note in the amount of P2,800.00 . . . (interrupted by court).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Wait a minute, are you going to present evidence or not?
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Will you please give me a chance, if your Honor please, because my purpose is, it will turn out that it will be the defendant to present evidence to prove that there is hidden defect. He admitted the allegation, he admitted that there is a balance of P2,800.00; it is not paid by him but at the same time he said that there is a hidden defect.
In other words, if your Honor please, it should be the defendant to present the evidence . . . (interrupted by court).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Are you going to present evidence, substantial, oral, or not? Answer the question of the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
If your Honor please, on the complaint, on the allegation of the complaint, all are admitted by the defendant . . . (interrupted by court.
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
The attorney does not answer the question of the Court.
Answer the question, are you going to present evidence OR NOT AND SUBMIT THE CASE ON THE PLEADINGS. (Capitals supplied)
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Would you please allow me, your Honor, because in the answer of the defendant . . . (interrupted by court)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
I do not need discussion; I want you to answer the question of the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
I am not going to present my evidence yet because at this moment I am submitting my evidence on the pleading until after the defendant will present evidence and I reserve my right to present rebuttal evidence. (Italics supplied)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Make it of record that the attorney refuses to present evidence either oral or documentary when required by the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Motion for reconsideration, if your Honor please, that is not what I said, if your Honor please, I manifested that it should be the defendant to prove first, to present evidence and we reserve our right to present rebuttal evidence, if your Honor please (Italics supplied).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
All right, denied.
Submit the case for the consideration of the Court.’"
The court then issued an order on the same day in the following terms (Record on Appeal, page 24):jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"O R D E R
Make it of record that the attorney for the plaintiff refuses to present evidence, either oral or documentary, when required by the Court.
Submit the case for the consideration of the Court.
SO ORDERED."cralaw virtua1aw library
A motion for reconsideration having been filed by counsel for plaintiff, it was denied by the court by an order of 21 March, and the case was dismissed for lack of prosecution (Record on Appeal, pages 34-35), the trial judge reasoning that —
"When the case is called for trial on 19 March 1968, defendant’s counsel asked again for another postponement of the trial on the ground that defendant and his witnesses were not able to come for lack of transportation, notwithstanding a stern warning by the Court, per its order of 9 March 1968 that it would not entertain further motion for continuation of trial. Counsel for the plaintiff vehemently objected to such motion and insisted in presenting his evidence which the Court grants inspite of another civil case and one miscellaneous case which were ready for hearing at the same time.
"Court ordered the plaintiff to present his evidence. Plaintiff’s counsel refused to comply with said order Instead of calling his witnesses, he moved the Court to present them after the defendant had presented their evidence. The court asked said counsel twice whether he would present his evidence for the plaintiff, but said counsel refused to do so and stacked to his demand that he would introduce his witnesses only in rebuttal. This is dictation to the Court to disregard its lawful command and a violation of the order of trial provided in the Rules of Court.
"This is an appealed case from the Municipal Court elevated to this Court on 18 May 1963 and from that time several postponement were granted at the instance of the parties which cause delay and is detrimental to the interest of justice.
"IN VIEW WHEREOF, let this case be dismissed for failure to prosecute on the part of counsel for the plaintiff without pronouncement as to costs.
"Finding defendant’s counterclaim not meritorious, same is also dismissed.
"SO ORDERED."cralaw virtua1aw library
Further motions to reconsider having proved futile, the plaintiff appealed.
We find, for Plaintiff-Appellant. Since the answer admitted defendant’s obligation as stated in the complaint, albeit special defenses were pleaded, plaintiff had every right to insist that it was for defendant to come forward with evidence in support of his special defenses. Section 2 of Revised Rule of Court 129 plainly supports appellant:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"Sec. 2. Judicial admissions. — Admissions made by the parties in the pleadings, or in the course of the trial or other proceedings do not require proof and can not be contradicted unless previously shown to have been made through palpable mistake."cralaw virtua1aw library
While this appeal is not a complaint against the presiding judge, We can not refrain from observing that the trial judge’s despotic and outrageous insistence that plaintiff should present proof in support of allegations that were not denied but admitted by the adverse party was totally unwarranted, and was made worse by the trial judge’s continual interrupting of the explanations of counsel, in violation of the rules of Judicial Ethics.
Defendant not having supported his special defenses, the dismissal of the case was manifestly untenable and contrary to law.
WHEREFORE, the appealed order of dismissal is hereby revoked and set aside, and the court below is directed to enter judgment in favor of plaintiff and against the defendant for the sum of P2,800.00, plus attorney’s fees which this Court considers just and reasonable (Civil Code, Article 2208, paragraph 11) . Costs against Defendant-Appellee.
Let a copy of this decision be furnished the Honorable, the Secretary of Justice, for his information and action.
Concepcion, C.J., Makalintal, Castro, Fernando, Teehankee, Barredo, Villamor and Makasiar, JJ., concur.
Zaldivar, J., did not take part.
The case originally started in the City Court of Davao, Branch II, where appellant therein had filed suit to recover from defendant Emilio Mapayo the sum of P2,800, representing the unpaid balance of the purchase price of a Gray Marine Engine sold by the plaintiff to the defendant, plus attorney’s fees. The answer admitted the transaction and the balance due but contended that by reason of hidden defects of the article sold, the defendant had been forced to spend P2,800 for repairs and labor, wherefore plaintiff had agreed to waive the balance due on the price of the engine, and counterclaimed for damages and attorneys’ fees. The City Court, after trial, disallowed the defenses and ordered the defendant to pay plaintiff P2,500.00 and costs (Record on Appeal, pages 9-16).
Defendant Mapayo appealed to the Court of First Instance, filing an answer therein that was a virtual reproduction of his original defenses in the City Court. When, after several continuances, the case was called for hearing on 13 March 1968, the defendant, as well as his counsel, failed to appear and the court scheduled the case for hearing ex parte on the same day. The Court ordered plaintiff to present his evidence, and from the unchallenged stenographic notes quoted in appellant’s brief, pages 11-14 (Transcript, pages 4-7), the following transpired:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
If your Honor please, before I present my witness I should like to present the issue because all the allegations of the complaint are admitted and I am going to specify by the answer, your Honor. (Italics supplied)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
The issue is void on the hidden defect.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
That is why, if your Honor please, the point if your Honor please, is I do not have to prove that there is a gasoline engine that was taken by the defendant from the plaintiff for an agreed amount of P6,800.00 because the allegation in paragraph 1, No. 2 and No. 3, is admitted in the answer.
In other words, if your Honor please, the promissory note in the amount of P2,800.00 . . . (interrupted by court).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Wait a minute, are you going to present evidence or not?
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Will you please give me a chance, if your Honor please, because my purpose is, it will turn out that it will be the defendant to present evidence to prove that there is hidden defect. He admitted the allegation, he admitted that there is a balance of P2,800.00; it is not paid by him but at the same time he said that there is a hidden defect.
In other words, if your Honor please, it should be the defendant to present the evidence . . . (interrupted by court).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Are you going to present evidence, substantial, oral, or not? Answer the question of the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
If your Honor please, on the complaint, on the allegation of the complaint, all are admitted by the defendant . . . (interrupted by court.
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
The attorney does not answer the question of the Court.
Answer the question, are you going to present evidence OR NOT AND SUBMIT THE CASE ON THE PLEADINGS. (Capitals supplied)
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Would you please allow me, your Honor, because in the answer of the defendant . . . (interrupted by court)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
I do not need discussion; I want you to answer the question of the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
I am not going to present my evidence yet because at this moment I am submitting my evidence on the pleading until after the defendant will present evidence and I reserve my right to present rebuttal evidence. (Italics supplied)
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Make it of record that the attorney refuses to present evidence either oral or documentary when required by the Court.
ATTY. LOZANO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Motion for reconsideration, if your Honor please, that is not what I said, if your Honor please, I manifested that it should be the defendant to prove first, to present evidence and we reserve our right to present rebuttal evidence, if your Honor please (Italics supplied).
COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
All right, denied.
Submit the case for the consideration of the Court.’"
The court then issued an order on the same day in the following terms (Record on Appeal, page 24):jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"O R D E R
Make it of record that the attorney for the plaintiff refuses to present evidence, either oral or documentary, when required by the Court.
Submit the case for the consideration of the Court.
SO ORDERED."cralaw virtua1aw library
A motion for reconsideration having been filed by counsel for plaintiff, it was denied by the court by an order of 21 March, and the case was dismissed for lack of prosecution (Record on Appeal, pages 34-35), the trial judge reasoning that —
"When the case is called for trial on 19 March 1968, defendant’s counsel asked again for another postponement of the trial on the ground that defendant and his witnesses were not able to come for lack of transportation, notwithstanding a stern warning by the Court, per its order of 9 March 1968 that it would not entertain further motion for continuation of trial. Counsel for the plaintiff vehemently objected to such motion and insisted in presenting his evidence which the Court grants inspite of another civil case and one miscellaneous case which were ready for hearing at the same time.
"Court ordered the plaintiff to present his evidence. Plaintiff’s counsel refused to comply with said order Instead of calling his witnesses, he moved the Court to present them after the defendant had presented their evidence. The court asked said counsel twice whether he would present his evidence for the plaintiff, but said counsel refused to do so and stacked to his demand that he would introduce his witnesses only in rebuttal. This is dictation to the Court to disregard its lawful command and a violation of the order of trial provided in the Rules of Court.
"This is an appealed case from the Municipal Court elevated to this Court on 18 May 1963 and from that time several postponement were granted at the instance of the parties which cause delay and is detrimental to the interest of justice.
"IN VIEW WHEREOF, let this case be dismissed for failure to prosecute on the part of counsel for the plaintiff without pronouncement as to costs.
"Finding defendant’s counterclaim not meritorious, same is also dismissed.
"SO ORDERED."cralaw virtua1aw library
Further motions to reconsider having proved futile, the plaintiff appealed.
We find, for Plaintiff-Appellant. Since the answer admitted defendant’s obligation as stated in the complaint, albeit special defenses were pleaded, plaintiff had every right to insist that it was for defendant to come forward with evidence in support of his special defenses. Section 2 of Revised Rule of Court 129 plainly supports appellant:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"Sec. 2. Judicial admissions. — Admissions made by the parties in the pleadings, or in the course of the trial or other proceedings do not require proof and can not be contradicted unless previously shown to have been made through palpable mistake."cralaw virtua1aw library
While this appeal is not a complaint against the presiding judge, We can not refrain from observing that the trial judge’s despotic and outrageous insistence that plaintiff should present proof in support of allegations that were not denied but admitted by the adverse party was totally unwarranted, and was made worse by the trial judge’s continual interrupting of the explanations of counsel, in violation of the rules of Judicial Ethics.
Defendant not having supported his special defenses, the dismissal of the case was manifestly untenable and contrary to law.
WHEREFORE, the appealed order of dismissal is hereby revoked and set aside, and the court below is directed to enter judgment in favor of plaintiff and against the defendant for the sum of P2,800.00, plus attorney’s fees which this Court considers just and reasonable (Civil Code, Article 2208, paragraph 11) . Costs against Defendant-Appellee.
Let a copy of this decision be furnished the Honorable, the Secretary of Justice, for his information and action.
Concepcion, C.J., Makalintal, Castro, Fernando, Teehankee, Barredo, Villamor and Makasiar, JJ., concur.
Zaldivar, J., did not take part.
