Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1988 > June 1988 Decisions > G.R. No. L-33772 June 20, 1988 - FRANCISCO BONITE, ET AL. v. MARIANO A. ZOSA, ET AL.:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

[G.R. No. L-33772. June 20, 1988.]

FRANCISCO BONITE, CANDIDO BONITE, VENECIA BONITE, CONSTANCIO BONITE, ERNESTO BONITE, ANGELINA BONITE, MARIA BONITE and JUANITA BONITE, for herself and for her minor children namely: NADIJA BONITE, NERIO BONITE, FELIX BONITE and MARIA FEDILA BONITE, Petitioners, v. HON. MARIANO A. ZOSA, Presiding Judge, Court of First Instance of Misamis Occidental, 16th Judicial District, Branch III and ELIGIO ABAMONGA, Respondents.

A.C . Dulalas & F .G. Zapatos Law Office, for Petitioners.

Rufino Abadies for respondent Eligio Abamonga.


D E C I S I O N


PADILLA, J.:


Petition for review on certiorari of the order of the Court of First Instance of Misamis Occidental, Branch III, dated 25 February 1971, 1 in Civil Case No. 2806 filed by herein petitioners against private respondent, dismissing the complaint for damages, and the order dated 27 March 1971 2 denying petitioners’ motion for reconsideration of aforesaid order. The factual background of the case is as follows:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

At about 2:00 P.M. of 24 September 1968, while Florencio Bonite was working as "caminero" of the Bureau of Public Highways in Barrio Vicente Alto (Dagatan), Oroquieta City, he was hit by a truck driven by private respondent, as a result of which, Bonite died on that same day. Consequently, a criminal complaint for Homicide through Reckless Imprudence was filed by the surviving heirs of the deceased (now petitioners) against the respondent Abamonga, with the City Court of Oroquieta City, docketed as Criminal Case No. 9328. Petitioners through their counsel Atty. Alberto Dulalas, as private prosecutor, actively participated in the prosecution of the criminal case against the accused. 3

After trial on the merits, a decision was rendered by the court in the criminal case, acquitting the accused Abamonga for failure of the prosecution to prove his guilt beyond reasonable doubt. 4

On 28 December 1970, petitioners filed an action for recovery of damages against the same accused on account of the death of Florencio Bonite, with the Court of First Instance of Misamis Occidental, 16th Judicial District, Branch III, docketed as Civil Case No. 2806. In an order dated 25 February 1971, the court a quo dismissed the complaint for damages. The pertinent portion of the order 5 reads as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

". . ., the court believes and so holds that as the plaintiffs did not reserve the right to file an independent civil action, and the further fact that the plaintiffs have been represented by a private prosecutor in the prosecution of the criminal case, the action presently filed by the plaintiffs is already res adjudicata and therefore, dismisses the complaint without pronouncement as to costs.

SO ORDERED."cralaw virtua1aw library

Petitioners moved for reconsideration of the aforesaid order, but the same was denied: 6 hence, this petition for review.chanrobles.com:cralaw:red

The main issue to be resolved in this petition is whether or not an independent civil action for damages, under Article 29 of the Civil Code, is deemed barred by petitioners’ failure in the criminal action to make a reservation to file a separate civil action and by their active participation in the prosecution of such criminal action.

When the accused in a criminal case is acquitted on the ground that his guilt has not been proved beyond reasonable doubt, a civil action for damages for the same act or omission may still be instituted against him, and only a preponderance of evidence is required to hold the accused liable. The civil liability is not extinguished by acquittal of the accused, where the acquittal is based on reasonable doubt.

Article 29, Civil Code, provides thus —

"When the accused in a criminal prosecution is acquitted on the ground that his guilt has not been proved beyond reasonable doubt, a civil action for damages for the same act or omission may be instituted. Such action requires only a preponderance of evidence. Upon motion of the defendant, the court may require the plaintiff to file a bond to answer for damages in case the complaint should be found to be malicious.

"If in a criminal case the judgment of acquittal is based upon reasonable doubt, the court shall so declare. In the absence of any declaration to that effect, it may be inferred from the text of the decision whether or not the acquittal is due to that ground."cralaw virtua1aw library

In the instant case, the criminal complaint for homicide through reckless imprudence was dismissed on the ground that the guilt of the accused (herein private respondent) was not proved beyond reasonable doubt. Clearly, herein petitioners have the right to file an independent civil action for damages, the acquittal of the accused in the criminal case notwithstanding.

In addition to anchoring their right to bring a separate civil action for damages under the express provisions of Article 29 of the Civil Code, petitioners may base such separate civil action for damages on Article 2176 of the Civil Code. 7 Acquittal of the accused from a charge of criminal negligence, whether on reasonable doubt or not, is not a bar to a subsequent civil action for recovery of civil liability, arising not from criminal negligence, but from a quasi-delict or culpa aquiliana. It has been held that Article 2176 of the Civil Code, in referring to "fault or negligence" covers acts "not punishable by law" as well as acts that may be criminal in character, whether intentional and voluntary or negligent. Consequently, a separate civil action lies against the offender in a criminal act, whether or not he is criminally prosecuted and found guilty or acquitted, provided that the offended party is not allowed to recover damages on both scores (delict and quasi-delict). 8

In regard to private respondent’s claim that the specific provision applicable in the case at bar is Article 33 of the Civil Code 9 (and not Article 29), because the latter is not applicable to criminal offenses proceeding from a tortious act, we find the same to be devoid of merit. It is important to note that Article 29 of the Civil Code does not state that the right to file an independent civil action for damages (under said article) can be availed of only in offenses not arising from a tortious act. The only requisite set forth therein for the exercise of the right to file a civil action for damages is that the accused must have been acquitted in the criminal action based on reasonable doubt. It is a well known main in statutory construction that where the law does not distinguish, the courts should not distinguish. 10

Moreover, Article 33 of the Civil Code assumes a defamation, fraud, or physical injuries 11 intentionally committed. The death of the deceased in the case at bar was alleged to be the result of criminal negligence, i.e., not inflicted with malice. Criminal negligence under Article 365 of the Revised Penal Code consists in the execution of an imprudent or negligent act that, if intentionally done, would be punishable as a felony. Thus, the law penalizes the negligent or reckless act, not the result thereof. The gravity of the consequence is only taken into account to determine the penalty. 12 As reckless imprudence or criminal negligence is not mentioned in Article 33, no independent civil action for damages arising from reckless imprudence or criminal negligence may be instituted under said article. 13 It is, therefore, not applicable to the case at bar.chanrobles.com:cralaw:red

Coming now to private respondent’s contention that the enforcement of the right to file an action for damages under Article 29, should be subject to the procedure outlined in Rule 111 of the former Rules on Criminal Procedure, i.e., that a reservation be made in the criminal case of the right to institute an independent civil action, we find such contention to be without merit. Article 29 of the Civil Code does not include any such reservation requirement. It allows an action for damages against the accused upon the latter’s acquittal in the criminal case based upon reasonable doubt.

Besides, the requirement in Section 2 of Rule 111 of the former Rules on Criminal Procedure that there be a reservation in the criminal case of the right to institute an independent civil action, has been declared as not in accordance with law. It is regarded as an unauthorized amendment to the substantive law, i.e. the Civil Code, which does not require such a reservation. 14 In fact, the reservation of the right to file an independent civil action has been deleted from Section 2, Rule 111 of the 1985 Rules on Criminal Procedure, in consonance with the decisions of this Court declaring such requirement of a reservation as ineffective.

Lastly, that petitioners actively participated in the prosecution of the criminal case does not bar them from filing an independent and separate civil action for damages under Article 29 of the Civil Code. The civil action based on criminal liability and a civil action under Article 29 are two separate and independent actions.

WHEREFORE, the Orders dated 25 February 1971 and 27 March 1971 of the respondent court are hereby REVERSED and SET ASIDE, and a new one is entered reinstating the complaint in Civil Case No. 2806 and directing said court to proceed with the trial of the case. Costs against private Respondent.

SO ORDERED.

Yap C.J., Paras and Sarmiento, JJ., concur.

Separate Opinions


MELENCIO-HERRERA, J., concurring:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

I concur but, in my opinion, the following distinction should be made. If there has been active participation in the prosecution of a criminal case by the offended party, the civil action arising from the crime is deemed to have been also brought in the criminal case. Consequently, a judgment finding the accused guilty and granting him damages is binding upon the offended party and he may not thereafter file a separate civil action under Article 33 of the Civil Code (Roa v. de la Cruz, 107 Phil. 8). This is so because the civil action for damages which Article 33 allows to be instituted is ex delicto, this being manifest from the provision which uses the expressions "criminal action" and "criminal prosecution" (Madeja v. Hon. Caro, L-51183, December 21, 1983, 126 SCRA 293). However, where the accused is acquitted on the ground of reasonable doubt, as in this case, the civil action for damages for the same act may be instituted under Article 29 of the Civil Code, notwithstanding the fact that the offended party had actively participated in the criminal action.chanrobles law library : red

Incidentally, the rule in Corpus v. Paje (L-26737, July 21, 1969, 28 SCRA 1062), which states that reckless imprudence is not included in Article 33 of the Civil Code, was deemed not an authoritative doctrine because, of eleven Justices, only nine took part in the Decision and four of them merely concurred in the result (Madeja v. Caro, Et. Al. supra). In that case involving a criminal prosecution for Reckless Imprudence resulting in Homicide, it was held that the civil action may proceed independently of the criminal action, following Article 33 of the Civil Code.

Endnotes:



1. Penned by Judge Mariano Zosa, Rollo, p. 43 to 43-(5).

2. Rollo, p. 43 - Annex B.

3. Rollo, p. 43.

4. Id.

5. Id.

6. Rollo, p. 43 - Annex B.

7. Article 2176 of the Civil Code states:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

ART. 2176. Whoever by act or omission causes damage to another, there being fault or negligence, is obliged to pay for the damage done. Such fault or negligence, if there is no pre-existing contractual relation between the parties, is called a quasi-delict and is governed by the provisions of this Chapter.

8. Virata v. Ochoa, 81 SCRA 472; Elcano v. Hill, 77 SCRA 98.

9. Article 33 of the Civil Code states:

ART. 33. In cases of defamation, fraud, and physical injuries, a civil action for damages, entirely separate and distinct from the criminal action, may be brought by the injured party. Such civil action shall proceed independently of the criminal prosecution, and shall require only a preponderance of evidence.

10. Robles v. Zambales Chromite Mining Co., G.R. No. 12560, 30 September 1958, 104 Phil. 688.

11. The term "physical injuries" used in Article 33 of the Civil Code includes homicide (Carandang v. Santiago, 97 Phil. 94).

12. People v. Buan, 22 SCRA 1383.

13. Marcia v. CA, 120 SCRA 193; Corpus v. Paje, 23 SCRA 1062.

14. Garcia v. Florido, 52 SCRA 420; Mendoza v. Arrieta, 91 SCRA 113.




Back to Home | Back to Main




















chanrobles.com





ChanRobles On-Line Bar Review

ChanRobles Internet Bar Review : www.chanroblesbar.com

ChanRobles MCLE On-line

ChanRobles Lawnet Inc. - ChanRobles MCLE On-line : www.chanroblesmcleonline.com






June-1988 Jurisprudence                 

  • G.R. No. L-45839 June 1, 1988 - RUFINO MATIENZO, ET AL. v. LEOPOLDO M. ABELLERA, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-54768-54878 June 8, 1988 - FELIX CARDOZ, ET AL. v. TALISAY-SILAY MILLING CO., INC., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-60494 June 8, 1988 - MATEO BACALSO, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-77632 June 8, 1988 - ABE INDUSTRIES, INC., ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-37999 June 10, 1988 - EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41427 June 10, 1988 - CONSTANCIA C. TOLENTINO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-44001 June 10, 1988 - PAZ MERCADO, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-46930 June 10, 19880

    DALE SANDERS, ET AL. v. REGINO T. VERIDIANO II, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-64556 June 10, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CEFERINO LUNGAYAN

  • G.R. No. L-39086 June 15, 1988 - ABRA VALLEY COLLEGE, INC. v. JUAN P. AQUINO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-28527 June 16, 1988 - ALFONSO FLORES, ET AL. v. JOHNSON SO

  • G.R. No. L-56565 June 16, 1988 - RICARDO L. COOTAUCO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-66741 June 16, 1988 - ANTHONY SY, SR., ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-68951 June 16, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FRANCIS G. DE GUZMAN

  • G.R. No. 72721 June 16, 1988 - EMILIANO GAWARAN, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 74727 June 16, 1988 - MELENCIO J. GIGANTONI v. PEOPLE OF THE PHIL.

  • G.R. No. 79128 June 16, 1988 - ORTIGAS & COMPANY Limited Partnership v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-33568 June 20, 1988 - CHIU BOK v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL.

  • G.R. No. L-33772 June 20, 1988 - FRANCISCO BONITE, ET AL. v. MARIANO A. ZOSA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-36858 June 20, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MACARIO A. ULEP

  • G.R. No. L-38634 June 20, 1988 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL. v. DELFIN VIR. SUNGA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-39789 June 20, 1988 - LUCIO LUCENTA v. COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE OF BUKIDNON, BRANCH VI, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-39841 June 20, 1988 - MARSMAN & COMPANY, INC. v. FIRST COCONUT CENTRAL COMPANY, INC.

  • G.R. No. L-45833 June 20, 1988 - ROMAN MOSQUERRA v. WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-48084 June 20, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MANUEL C. CUI, JR.

  • G.R. No. L-48619 June 20, 1988 - FRANCISCO O. TAN v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-49872 June 20, 1988 - FELIPE DE VENECIA, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-50299 June 20, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JIMMY VILLANUEVA

  • G.R. No. L-58312 June 20, 1988 - V. C. PONCE CO., INCORPORATED v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-58585 June 20, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FLOREMAR RETUBADO

  • G.R. No. L-61689 June 20, 1988 - RURAL BANK OF BUHI, INC., ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-67588 June 20, 1988 - ALEJANDRO MIRASOL, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 74563 June 20, 1988 - ASPHALT AND CEMENT PAVERS, INC. v. VICENTE LEOGARDO, JR., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-75321 June 20, 1988 - ASSOCIATED TRADE UNIONS v. CRESENCIO B. TRAJANO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-77274-75 June 20, 1988 - DOMINADOR R. AYTONA v. CONRADO T. CALALANG, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 78590 June 20, 1988 - PEDRO DE GUZMAN v. ZOSIMO Z. ANGELES, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 79906 June 20, 1988 - RAFAEL BARICAN, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 82860 June 20, 1988 - HORNAN C. MACAMAY, ET AL. v. MELCHORA C. TEJANO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 82914 June 20, 1988 - KAPATIRAN SA MEAT AND CANNING DIVISION v. PURA FERRER CALLEJA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-36003 June 21, 1988 - NEGROS STEVEDORING CO., INC. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41114 June 21, 1988 - ROBERTO V. JUSTINIANI, ET AL. v. B. JOSE CASTILLO

  • G.R. No. L-57293 June 21, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JACKARIYA LUNGBOS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-65928 June 21, 1988 - ANDERSON CO, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41133 June 22, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ANATALIO BOMBESA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-44738 June 22, 1988 - ZOSIMA SAGUN, ET AL. v. PEOPLE’S HOMESITE AND HOUSING CORPORATION

  • G.R. No. 73603 June 22, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FELICISIMO HERNANDEZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 76673 June 22, 1988 - PHILIPPINE AIRLINES EMPLOYEES’ ASSOCIATION v. PURA FERRER-CALLEJA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-77202 June 22, 1988 - HEIRS OF BARTOLOME INFANTE, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 78993 June 22, 1988 - ANTONIO P. MIGUEL v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 79094 June 22, 1988 - MANOLO P. FULE v. COURT OF APPEALS

  • UDK No. 7671 June 23, 1988 - DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES v. ACTING REGISTER OF DEEDS OF NUEVA ECIJA

  • G.R. No. L-31630 June 23, 1988 - CATALINO BLAZA, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS

  • G.R. No. L-35149 June 23, 1988 - EDUARDO QUINTERO v. NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION

  • G.R. No. L-46029 June 23, 1988 - N.V. REEDERIJ "AMSTERDAM", ET AL. v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE

  • G.R. No. L-50733 June 23, 1988 - VICENTE T. OCAMPO, ET AL. v. EULOGIO R. LERUM, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 76836 June 23, 1988 - TRIUMFO GARCES v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 77437 June 23, 1988 - LEPANTO CONSOLIDATED MINING COMPANY v. NORMA C. OLEGARIO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 78888-90 June 23, 1988 - CITIZENS’ ALLIANCE FOR CONSUMER PROTECTION v. ENERGY REGULATORY BOARD, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 81124-26 June 23, 1988 - ABACAST SHIPPING AND MGT. AGENCY, INC. v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • A.M. No. MTJ-87-123 June 27, 1988 - MERCEDITA G. LORENZO v. PRIMO L. MARQUEZ

  • A.C. No. 2756 June 27, 1988 - PRUDENTIAL BANK v. JOSE P. CASTRO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-33186 June 27, 1988 - ANUNCIACION DEL CASTILLO v. MIGUEL DEL CASTILLO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-34940 June 27, 1988 - BERNARDO LACANILAO v. COURT OF APPEALS

  • G.R. No. L-38120 June 27, 1988 - FLAVIA SALATANDOL v. CATALINA RETES

  • G.R. No. L-41508 June 27, 1988 - CANDELARIO VILLAMOR, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41829 June 27, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CIRIACO BAZAR, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-44485 June 27, 1988 - HEIRS OF SANTIAGO PASTORAL, ET AL. v. SECRETARY OF PUBLIC WORKS and COMMUNICATIONS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-51353 June 27, 1988 - SHELL PHILIPPINES, INC. v. CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES

  • G.R. No. L-51377 June 27, 1988 - INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT, INC. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-56291 June 27, 1988 - CRISTOPHER GAMBOA v. ALFREDO CRUZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-57839 June 27, 1988 - ROBERT YOUNG, ET AL. v. JULIO A. SULIT, JR., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-66132 June 27, 1988 - FELIX ABAY, SR., ET AL. v. FELINO A. GARCIA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 71640 June 27, 1988 - FILIPINO MERCHANTS’ INSURANCE CO., INC. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 75271-73 June 27, 1988 - CATALINO N. SARMIENTO, ET AL. v. ORLANDO R. TUICO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 76627 June 27, 1988 - MARIETTA Y. FIGUEROA v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 77779 June 27, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DOMINADOR M. ROCA

  • G.R. No. L-35603 June 28, 1988 - CENTRAL COOPERATIVE EXCHANGE, INC. v. NICOLAS T. ENCISO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-38930 June 28, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ISABELO TRINIDAD

  • G.R. No. L-46443 June 28, 1988 - NONATO ROSALES v. EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-48144-47 June 28, 1988 - COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS v. COURT OF TAX APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-48958 June 28, 1988 - CITIZENS SURETY and INSURANCE COMPANY, INC. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-63671 June 28, 1988 - ROSALINA MAGNO-ADAMOS, ET AL. v. AGUSTIN O. BAGASAO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-67649 June 28, 1988 - ENGRACIO FRANCIA v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 71490-91 June 28, 1988 - ERNESTO BERNALES, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 74531 June 28, 1988 - PIZZA INN/CONSOLIDATED FOODS CORPORATION v. NLRC, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 74997 June 28, 1988 - FRANCISCO ANTE v. HERMINIA M. PASCUA

  • G.R. No. 76044 June 28, 1988 - PRAXEDIO P. DINGCONG v. TEOFISTO T. GUINGONA, JR., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 76271 June 28, 1988 - CEFERINO G. LLOBRERA v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 76744 June 28, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SAMUEL RAMOS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 77111 June 28, 1988 - LEOPOLDO SIRIBAN v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 78957 June 28, 1988 - MARIO D. ORTIZ v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 79317 June 28, 1988 - EMILIANO ALCOS, ET AL. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 82544 June 28, 1988 - IN RE: ANDREW HARVEY, ET AL. v. MIRIAM DEFENSOR SANTIAGO

  • A.C. No. 3180 June 29, 1988 - RICARDO L. PARAS v. REYNALDO ROURA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-34589 June 29, 1988 - ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION INC. v. NATIONAL POWER CORP., ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-38899-38901 June 29, 1988 - TEODORO V. JULIANO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41376-77 June 29, 1988 - NORTHERN LINES, INC. v. COURT OF TAX APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-48368 June 29, 1988 - ROSINA C. GRAZA, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-53724-29 June 29, 1988 - ROLANDO R. MANGUBAT v. SANDIGANBAYAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-70640 June 29, 1989

    INVESTORS’ FINANCE CORP., ET AL. v. ROMEO EBARLE, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-74156 June 29, 1988 - GLOBE MACKAY CABLE, ET AL. v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMM., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-77526 June 29, 1988 - VICENTE VER, ET AL. v. PRIMO QUETULIO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-77569 June 29, 1988 - RICARDO CELINO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-79174 June 29, 1988 - ERECTORS INCORPORATED v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMM., ET AL.

  • A.C. No. 2760 June 30, 1988 - ALFREDO A. MARTIN v. ALFONSO FELIX, JR.

  • G.R. No. L-30546 June 30, 1988 - VARSITY HILLS, INC. v. HERMINIO C. MARIANO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-32246-48 June 30, 1988 - ARCADIO CORTEZ, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-34192 June 30, 1988 - NATIONAL INVESTMENT AND DEV’T. CORP., ET AL. v. BENJAMIN AQUINO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-37944 June 30, 1988 - CAYETANO DE BORJA v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-38429 June 30, 1988 - CARLOS BALACUIT, ET AL. v. COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE OF AGUSAN DEL NORTE., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41337 June 30, 1988 - TAN BOON BEE & CO., INC. v. HILARION U. JARENCIO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-41805 June 30, 1988 - JOAQUIN CABRERA, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-42665 June 30, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SILVESTRE SUNPONGCO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-45825 June 30, 1988 - NGO BUN TIONG v. MARCELINO M. SAYO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-49120 June 30, 1988 - ESTATE OF GEORGE LITTON v. CIRIACO B. MENDOZA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-57675 June 30, 1988 - CARLOS DAYRIT v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-61377 June 30, 1988 - DANIEL R. AGUINALDO, ET AL. v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMM., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-67272 June 30, 1988 - BONIFACIO MURILLO, ET AL. v. SUN VALLEY REALTY, INC., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-68147 June 30, 1988 - AMADA RANCE, ET AL. v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMM., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-69002 June 30, 1988 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL. v. AMANDA LAT VDA. DE CASTILLO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-69560 June 30, 1988 - INTERNATIONAL CORPORATE BANK, INC. v. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-71767 June 30, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. HUGO JARZI

  • G.R. No. L-72025 June 30, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CARLOS COLINARES, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-73681 June 30, 1988 - COLGATE PALMOLIVE PHIL. v. BLAS F. OPLE, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-75034 June 30, 1988 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FRANCISCO ALBIOR, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. L-75063-64 June 30, 1988 - ELIZABETH ASIM, ET AL. v. RICARDO C. CASTRO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-75962 June 30, 1988 - GREENHILLS MINING CO. v. OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-76344-46 June 30, 1988 - ANG KEK CHEN v. ABUNDIO BELLO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-77816 June 30, 1988 - PRESIDENTIAL COMM. ON GOOD GOV’T. v. BENJAMIN M. AQUINO, JR., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. L-81311 June 30, 1988 - KAPATIRAN NG MGA NAGLILINGKOD, ET AL. v. BIENVENIDO TAN

  • G.R. No. L-81958 June 30, 1988 - PHIL. ASSO. OF SERVICE EXPORTERS, INC. v. FRANKLIN M. DRILON, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 82188 June 30, 1988 - PCGG, ET AL. v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ET AL.