Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1995 > March 1995 Decisions > G.R. No. 96288 March 20, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. RICARDO D. NEMERIA:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

THIRD DIVISION

[G.R. No. 96288. March 20, 1995.]

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RICARDO NEMERIA y Dagopan alias "Nick", Accused-Appellant.


SYLLABUS


1. REMEDIAL LAW; EVIDENCE; CREDIBILITY; FINDINGS OF FACT OF THE TRIAL COURT, GENERALLY BINDING ON APPEAL.— Appellant’s appeal boils down to a question of credibility and relative weight of the evidence, mainly testimonial, adduced by the prosecution and the defense on the surrounding circumstances of the killing. This determination, by and large, is a function of a trial court, which is best equipped to make that assessment, and its factual findings are generally not disturbed on appeal. It is only when the trial court is clearly perceived to have overlooked, misunderstood or misapplied certain facts or circumstances of weight which, if considered, might affect the result of the case that could warrant a reversal of such findings.

2. CRIMINAL LAW; JUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES; SELF-DEFENSE; ELEMENTS; NATURE AND NUMBER OF WOUNDS INFLICTED ON THE VICTIM NEGATES REASONABLENESS OF MEANS EMPLOYED TO REPEL UNLAWFUL AGGRESSION.— Appellant’s claim of self-defense is bereft of merit. Under the first paragraph of Article 11 of the Revised Penal Code, a plea of self-defense can prosper only when, besides an unlawful aggression by the victim and lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person defending himself, there is reasonable necessity of the means employed to repel the unlawful aggression. The accused has the burden of proof to show the existence of all the elements of this defense. Here, assuming that the victim has given provocation, the latter’s response by repeatedly hacking the victim to death can by no account be considered justified. The nature and number of wounds inflicted on the victim, without, in turn, any injury on appellant, betray the claim of self-defense; on the contrary, the facts and circumstances sufficiently indicate to us a determined effort by appellant at the time to kill the victim.

3. ID.; MOTIVE; ESSENTIAL ONLY WHERE IDENTITY OF ASSAILANT IS UNKNOWN; ASSAILANT IN CASE AT BAR WAS NOT ONLY IDENTIFIED BUT ALSO ADMITTED HAVING INFLICTED THE WOUNDS ON THE VICTIM.— Anent the claim that the prosecution has not shown any motive on the part of appellant to commit the crime, well-settled is the rule that motive can be essential to conviction only when there is doubt on the identity of the culprit, or when the evidence on the commission of the crime is purely circumstantial or inconclusive. Not only has appellant been positively identified but he himself has admitted to his having inflicted the fatal wounds on the victim.

4. ID.; QUALIFYING CIRCUMSTANCE; EVIDENT PREMEDITATION; NOT APPRECIATED WHERE THE INCIDENT HAPPENED ALL TOO SUDDENLY.— We agree with appellant, however, that the trial court has erred in finding that evident premeditation qualified the killing. There is no strong evidence adduced to prove evident premeditation. The incident evidently has happened all too suddenly, not unlikely because of the aggressive stance of both the aggressor and the victim whose son figured in a fistfight with the appellant earlier in the day.

5. ID.; ID.; TREACHERY; NOT APPRECIATED WHERE THE VICTIM WAS NOT TOTALLY UNAWARE OF THE ATTACK MADE IN THE PRESENCE OF OTHER PEOPLE WHO IF WILLING, COULD HAVE LENT SUPPORT.— Treachery, upon the other hand, exists only when the offender adopts means, methods or forms in the execution of the felony without risk to himself arising from the defense which the offended party might make. The incident has occurred at about six o’clock in the late afternoon when people could still be recognized at a distance. The victim, in fact, appears not to have been totally unaware of the attack. The appellant has perpetrated the crime in the presence of other people in the area who, if willing, could have lent support. Considering the rule that treachery, like any other qualifying circumstance, may not simply be inferred but must be proven as fully and convincingly as the crime itself, we must resolve the doubt in favor of the accused.

6. ID.; MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCE; VOLUNTARY SURRENDER; ELEMENT; PRESENT IN CASE AT BAR.— The Solicitor General has correctly observed that voluntary surrender should be considered in appellant’s favor in view of the presence of its following elements: (a) the offender has not been actually arrested; (b) the offender has surrendered himself to a person in authority, and (c) the surrender is voluntary.

7. ID.; HOMICIDE, PENALTY.— Article 249 of the Revised Penal Code prescribes reclusion temporal for the crime of homicide. Considering the mitigating circumstance of voluntary surrender, the penalty should be imposed in its minimum period. Applying, furthermore, the Indeterminate Sentence Law, the range of the penalty that can be imposed could be anywhere within the range of prision mayor of from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years, as minimum, to reclusion temporal in its minimum period of from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to fourteen (14) years and eight (8) months, as maximum.


D E C I S I O N


VITUG, J.:


Appellant Ricardo Nemeria y Dagopan, a.k.a. "Nick," was charged with the crime of murder in Criminal Case No. 8790 before the Regional Trial Court of Dumaguete, Branch XXXVI. 1 The information, dated 07 August 1989, averred:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"That on or about the 8th day of December, 1988, at Sitio Sacsac, Barangay Gomentoc, Municipality of Ayungon, Province of Negros Oriental, Philippines, and within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the above-named accused, with intent to kill, evident premeditation and treachery, did then and there willfully, unlawfully and feloniously attack, assault and hack several times Alberto Cadayuna, with the use of a long bolo (locally known as "pinuti") which said accused was then armed and provided, thereby inflicting upon the body of Alberto Cadayuna the following injuries to wit:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"1. Multiple hacked wounds:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

— From mandibular area (L) side extending to the neck (L) side 11 cm long x 4.5 cm deep

— From the neck (L) side extending to the shoulder (L) side 15 cm long x 5 cm deep

— Supra scapular region (L) 9 cm long x 3 cm deep

— Supra scapular area (L) 4 cm long x 2 cm deep

— Deltoid area (R) 9 cm long x 4 cm deep

— Infra scapular area (L) 11 cm long x 2 cm deep

— Infra scapular area (R) 7 cm long x 2 cm deep

— Inguinal area (R) 7 cm long x 4 cm deep

— Hand, radial aspect (R) 4 cm long x 2 cm deep

— Thumb proximal (L) with complete fracture of underlying bone

— Index finger proximal (L) with complete fracture of underlying bone

which directly caused the death of Alberto Cadayuna shortly thereafter.

Contrary to Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code. 2

Upon arraignment, the accused, assisted by counsel de oficio, pleaded "not guilty" to the charge.

At the trial, the prosecution adduced its evidence briefly narrated hereunder:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

At around six o’clock in the evening of 08 December 1988, eye-witness Henry Montelibano, his wife Perla and their two children, together with Jose Calijam, Jr., Enar Nemeria (appellant’s father), and appellant Ricardo Nemeria were on their way home from a "fiesta" celebration making their way along a small trail in sitio Sacsac, barangay Tampokon I, in Ayungon, Negros Oriental. Walking about three meters behind was appellant sporting an unsheathed "bolo." 3 At a distance of approximately 200 meters, Henry noticed Alberto Cadayuna, alone and unarmed, at the crossing of the feeder road and the foot trail. 4 Once the group set foot on the feeder road, Enar suddenly ran westward. Cadayuna was then heard to call out for Calijan, exclaiming that someone was about to "ambush" him. 5 Henry instantly looked back, and he saw appellant already in the act of striking Cadayuna with a "bolo," initially from behind and then on the latter’s chest, the waist and foot. 6 Henry was only about ten meters away. 7 Like the rest of the group, Henry immediately scampered away from the scene.chanrobles lawlibrary : rednad

Another prosecution witness, Lorimer Devero, testified that she was walking behind Cadayuna. Just as Cadayuna was about to catch up with Calijan, appellant Nemeria, coming from the side of the road, suddenly hit Cadayuna with a "bolo" from behind. 8 After seeing Cadayuna struck down twice, Lorimer hastily retreated. She later informed Cadayuna’s sons and relatives about the incident.

Cadayuna’s body was autopsied by Dr. Fe Herrera at the Bindoy District Hospital. She submitted an autopsy report showing the multiple hack wounds inflicted upon Cadayuna. 9 At the witness stand, Dr. Herrera testified that she did not smell any trace of alcohol from the body of Cadayuna which was by then in rigor mortis. 10

The defense interposed self-defense. Appellant, who was then 25 years old, 11 had known 66-year-old Cadayuna 12 since childhood. 13 He had no quarrel or grudge against Cadayuna but admitted having had a quarrel with Cadayuna’s son hours before the incident which resulted in a fist fight. 14

Appellant narrated that he caught up with the group of Henry Montelibano on their way home from the feast day celebration just before they were about to cross a creek. Soon, they saw Alberto Cadayuna. The latter shouted challengingly at the group and began to advance menacingly towards them. Cadayuna threw a stone at appellant prompting the group to disperse, leaving behind appellant who could not catch up because of an appendix ailment. 15 When Cadayuna, then holding two stones, was about to be only one and a half meters away from appellant, the latter pulled his bolo from its scabbard and warned Cadayuna not to come any closer. Since Cadayuna kept on drawing near, appellant hacked him with his bolo several times. Cadayuna sustained fatal wounds. Appellant sought refuge at the municipal building, fearing that Cadayuna’s sons would take revenge. He surrendered his bolo to Sgt. Erlanger Germudo. 16

Apolinario Nemeria corroborated the story of his son. According to him, when the party had reached the crossing, Cadayuna chased them. Cadayuna was seen holding a stone which he threw at appellant. Afraid, the witness ran away with the rest of the group. 17

Not impressed with the self-defense version, the trial court, on 02 August 1990, rendered a Decision finding appellant guilty beyond reasonable doubt of murder for killing Cadayuna and imposing on him the penalty of reclusion perpetua. He also ordered appellant to indemnify the heirs of Cadayuna in the amount of P30,000.00.

In the instant appeal, appellant assails the trial court’s findings, firstly, for discrediting his claim of self-defense and, secondly, for appreciating treachery to have attended the commission of the crime.chanrobles law library : red

Appellant’s appeal still boils down to a question of credibility and relative weight of the evidence, mainly testimonial, adduced by the prosecution and the defense on the surrounding circumstances of the killing. This determination, by and large, is a function of a trial court, which is best equipped to make that assessment, and its factual findings are generally not disturbed on appeal. It is only when the trial court is clearly perceived to have overlooked, misunderstood or misapplied certain facts or circumstances of weight which, if considered, might affect the result of the case that could warrant a reversal of such findings. 18 There is, in this case at bench, no cogent reason for the Court to depart from the rule.

Appellant’s claim of self-defense is bereft of merit. Under the first paragraph of Article 11 of the Revised Penal Code, a plea of self-defense can prosper only when, besides an unlawful aggression by the victim and lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person defending himself, there is reasonable necessity of the means employed to repel the unlawful aggression. 19 The accused has the burden of proof to show the existence of all the elements of this defense. 20 Here, assuming that the victim has given provocation, the latter’s response by repeatedly hacking the victim to death can by no account be considered justified. The nature and number of wounds inflicted on the victim, without, in turn, any injury on appellant, betray the claim of self-defense; on the contrary, the facts and circumstances sufficiently indicate to us a determined effort by appellant at the time to kill the victim. 21

Anent the claim that the prosecution has not shown any motive on the part of appellant to commit the crime, well-settled is the rule that motive can be essential to conviction only when there is doubt on the identity of the culprit, or when the evidence on the commission of the crime is purely circumstantial or inconclusive. 22 Not only has appellant been positively identified but he himself has admitted to his having inflicted the fatal wounds on the victim.chanrobles virtual lawlibrary

We agree with appellant, however, that the trial court has erred in finding that evident premeditation and treachery have qualified the killing. There is no strong evidence adduced to prove evident premeditation. The incident evidently has happened all too suddenly, not unlikely because of the aggressive stance of both the aggressor and the victim whose son figured in a fist fight with the appellant earlier in the day. 23 Treachery, upon the other hand, exists only when the offender adopts means, methods or forms in the execution of the felony without risk to himself arising from the defense which the offended party might make. 24 The incident has occurred at about six o’clock in the late afternoon when people could still be recognized at a distance. 25 The victim, in fact, appears not to have been totally unaware of the attack. 26 The appellant has perpetrated the crime in the presence of other people in the area who, if willing, could have lent support. 27 Considering the rule that treachery, like any other qualifying circumstance, may not simply be inferred but must be proven as fully and convincingly as the crime itself, 28 we must resolve the doubt in favor of the accused.chanrobles virtual lawlibrary

The crime committed, given the factual settings, is homicide and not murder. The Solicitor General has correctly observed that voluntary surrender should be considered in appellant’s favor in view of the presence of its following elements: (a) the offender has not been actually arrested; (b) the offender has surrendered himself to a person in authority, and (c) the surrender is voluntary. 29

Article 249 of the Revised Penal Code prescribes reclusion temporal for the crime of homicide. Considering the mitigating circumstance of voluntary surrender, the penalty should be imposed in its minimum period. 30 Applying, furthermore, the Indeterminate Sentence Law, the range of the penalty that can be imposed could be anywhere within the range of prision mayor of from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years, as minimum, to reclusion temporal in its minimum period of from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to fourteen (14) years and eight (8) months, as maximum.chanrobles virtual lawlibrary

WHEREFORE, the judgment of the trial court convicting appellant Ricardo Nemeria y Dagopan for the killing of Alberto Cadayuna is hereby MODIFIED, as follows: (a) appellant is found guilty of homicide, instead of murder, under Article 249 of the Revised Penal Code; (b) he is, accordingly, sentenced to an indeterminate imprisonment term of from eight (8) years and one (1) day of prision mayor, as minimum, to thirteen (13) years, nine (9) months and ten (10) days of reclusion temporal, as maximum, and (c) he shall, pursuant to current jurisprudence, indemnify the heirs of Alberto Cadayuna in the amount of fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00). Costs against Appellant.

SO ORDERED.

Feliciano, Romero, Melo and Francisco, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:



1. Presided by Judge Constancio E. Jaugan.

2. Rollo, p. 6.

3. TSN, February 6, 1990, pp. 12-16.

4. TSN, February 6, 1990 (p.m.), p. 10.

5. Ibid., pp. 12 & 13.

6. Ibid., pp. 16 & 21; TSN, February 6, 1990 (a.m.) pp. 4 & 5.

7. TSN, February 6, 1990 (p.m.), p. 24.

8. TSN, April 16, 1990, pp. 8-10.

9. Exh. A.

10. TSN, April 17, 1990, p. 10.

11. Exh. 2.

12. Exh. C; TSN, April 17, 1990, p. 19.

13. TSN, April 25, 1990, p. 25.

14. TSN, July 20, 1990, pp. 16-18.

15. Appellant had an appendectomy in 1989 or after the incident (TSN, July 20, 1990, p. 6).

16. TSN, June 19, 1990, pp. 4-14.

17. TSN, April 24, 1990, pp. 8-24.

18. People v. Tidong, 225 SCRA 324; People v. Simbulan, 214 SCRA 537; People v. Saulo, 211 SCRA 888; People v. Nunez, 208 SCRA 34; People v. Vocente, 188 SCRA 100; Tan Hang v. Paredes, 157 SCRA 694; People v. Ligon, 152 SCRA 419.

19. People v. Llabres, 225 SCRA 86; People v. Molina, 213 SCRA 52; People v. Pletado, 210 SCRA 634; People v. Bayocot, 174 SCRA 285.

20. People v. Gundran, 228 SCRA 583; People v. Curaraton, 224 SCRA 372; People v. Binondo, 214 SCRA 764.

21. People v. Manalo, 229 SCRA 479; People v. Sagadsad, 215 SCRA 641, 642; People v. Bigcas, 211 SCRA 63l.

22. People v. Villalobos, 209 SCRA 304; People v. Competente, 207 SCRA 591; People v. Aguiluz, 207 SCRA 187; People v. Devaras, 205 SCRA 676.

23. TSN, July 20, 1990, pp. 16-18.

24. People v. Hubilo, 220 SCRA 389; People v. Suitos, 220 SCRA 419; People v. Tinampay, 207 SCRA 425; People v. Balatucan, 206 SCRA 81; People v. Lubreo, 200 SCRA 11; People v. Cuyo, 196 SCRA 447; People v. Cempron, 187 SCRA 248.

25. TSN, February 6, 1990, p. 8.

26. People v. Pajarit, 214 SCRA 678.

27. People v. Amaguin, 229 SCRA 166.

28. People v. Sarense, 214 SCRA 780.

29. People v. Amaguin, supra, citing People v. Canamo, 138 SCRA 141; People v. Liston, 179 SCRA 415; Quial v. Court of Appeals, 126 SCRA 28.

30. Art. 64 (2), Revised Penal Code.




Back to Home | Back to Main




















chanrobles.com





ChanRobles On-Line Bar Review

ChanRobles Internet Bar Review : www.chanroblesbar.com

ChanRobles MCLE On-line

ChanRobles Lawnet Inc. - ChanRobles MCLE On-line : www.chanroblesmcleonline.com






March-1995 Jurisprudence                 

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-93-811 March 1, 1995 : ALICIA T. KAW vs. CASIANO P. ANUNCIACION, JR.

  • G.R. No. 76530 March 1, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. REDENTOR E. UMALI

  • G.R. Nos. 88298-99 March 1, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ROGELIO L. RIVERA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 90185 March 1, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ERNESTO B. ABARRI, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 95851 March 1, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. MANOLO VILLANUEVA

  • G.R. No. 108031 March 1, 1995 : DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES vs. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109808 March 1, 1995 : ESALYN CHAVEZ vs. EDNA BONTO-PEREZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 114829 March 1, 1995 : MAXIMINO B. GAMIDO vs. NEW BILIBID PRISONS (NBP) OFFICIALS

  • G.R. No. 116615 March 1, 1995 : FERDINAND CUNANAN vs. HERMIN E. ARCEO

  • G.R. No. 117211 March 1, 1995 : PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY, INC. vs. HONORABLE SECRETARY, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 100167 March 2, 1995 : ISALAMA MACHINE WORKS CORP. vs. LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 106234 March 2, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. JOSE DAYSON

  • G.R. No. 111568 March 2, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ALBERTO DE LA CRUZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113337 March 2, 1995 : RONALD MANLIMOS, ET AL. vs. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION , ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 117383 March 6, 1995 : RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORP. vs. LUCIA V. ISNANI, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 104709 March 7, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116418 March 7, 1995 : SALVADOR C. FERNANDEZ vs. HON. PATRICIA A. STO. TOMAS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 118577 & 118627 March 7, 1995 : JUANITO MARIANO, JR., ET AL. vs. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 106664 March 8, 1995 : PHILIPPINE AIR LINES vs. FLORANTE A. MIANO

  • G.R. No. 109140 March 8, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ROLAND TACIPIT

  • G.R. No. 105204 March 9, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. THELMA REYES, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 111624-25 March 9, 1995 : ALFONSO C. BINCE, JR. vs. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 104151 - 105563 March 10, 1995 : COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112660 March 14, 1995 : SPS. ANTONIO AND VIRGINIA CHUA, ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112721 March 15, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. EFREN RIVERO

  • G.R. No. 115640 March 15, 1995 : REYNALDO ESPIRITU, ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 105606 March 16, 1995 : EUGENIA CREDO MERCER vs. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112658 March 16, 1995 : WILMA CRUZ TAPALLA vs. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112916 March 16, 1995 : SCOTT CONSULTANTS & RESOURCE DEVT. CORP., INC. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113054 March 16, 1995 : LEOUEL SANTOS, SR. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 118702 March 16, 1995 : CIRILO ROY G. MONTEJO vs. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS

  • G.R. No. 96288 March 20, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. RICARDO D. NEMERIA

  • G.R. No. 101338 March 20, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. CRISALITO A. TABARNO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 104399 March 20, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ANTONIO G. ALVARADO

  • G.R. No. 106718 March 20, 1995 : GREGORIO MA. ARANETA III vs. SANDIGANBAYAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109373 March 20, 1995 : PACIFIC BANKING CORPORATION EMPLOYEES ORGANIZATION, ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112381 March 20, 1995 : ISABELO APA, ET AL. vs. RUMOLDO R. FERNANDEZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116049 March 20, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. EUSTAQUIO Z. GACOTT, JR., ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 105536-37 March 21, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. WILFREDO T. ABENDAÑO

  • G.R. No. 112983 March 22, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. HECTOR MAQUEDA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 95031 March 23, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. MARIO GUERRERO

  • G.R. No. 111581 March 23, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. SILVESTRE MIRANDAY, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 111956 & 111958-61 March 23, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ARMANDO V. PADILLA

  • G.R. No. 116623 March 23, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL., ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116820 March 23, 1995 : COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 93436 March 24, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. MELCHOR B. REAL

  • G.R. No. 82407 March 27, 1995 : LUIS C. CLEMENTE, ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 87235 March 27, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. DANILO PLAZA

  • G.R. Nos. 103803-04 March 27, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. SOCRATES ROUS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 106573 March 27, 1995 : ANTONIO CHUA vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116272 March 27, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. NOEL PAGUNTALAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113795 March 28, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. JESUS ESPINOSA, JR. , ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 87163 March 29, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ROLANDO CASINGAL, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 100514 March 29, 1995 : ZAMBOANGA CITY ELECTRIC COOP. vs. MUSIB M. BUAT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 110812 March 29, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. ARTEMIO GAPASAN

  • G.R. Nos. 115908-09 March 29, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. DANNY GODOY

  • G.R. No. 80225 March 31, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. JOSE SOLDAO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 106541-42 March 31, 1995 : PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs. MENANDRO TRIMOR

  • G.R. No. 107356 March 31, 1995 : SINGAPORE AIRLINES LIMITED vs. COURT OF APPEALS , ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 107916 March 31, 1995 : PERCIVAL MODAY, ET AL. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109444 March 31, 1995 : DELANO T. PADILLA vs. PATRICIA STO. TOMAS

  • G.R. Nos. 109638-39 March 31, 1995 : FLORENCIO D. FIANZA vs. PEOPLE'S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112130 March 31, 1995 : CHUA TIONG TAY vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113658 March 31, 1995 : PABLO A. COYOCA vs. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION

  • G.R. No. 115863 March 31, 1995 : AIDA D. EUGENIO vs. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116041 March 31, 1995 : NESCITO C. HILARIO vs. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-94-1200 March 1, 1995 : ELNORA S. PANGANIBAN vs. FRANCISCO MA. GUERRERO, JR.

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-95-1286 March 2, 1995 : TERESITA Q. TUCAY vs. ROGER A. DOMAGAS

  • Adm. Matter No. P-95-1120 March 7, 1995 : VIRGILIO HERNANDEZ vs. GAUDIOSO BORJA

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-6-189-RTC March 7, 1995 : IN RE: PARTIAL REPORT ON THE AUDIT AND INVENTORY OF CASES IN TANAUAN, BATANGAS

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-92-789 March 7, 1995 : REMEDIOS A. ANTONINO vs. FRANCISCO X. VELEZ

  • Adm. Matter No. 93-774 March 8, 1995 : GERARDO B. PADILLA vs. PAISAL M. ARABIA

  • Adm. Matter No. P-94-1061 March 13, 1995 : MARCOS V. PRIETO vs. GODOFREDO R. CARIAGA

  • Adm. Case No. 1955 March 14, 1995 : NAPOLEON R. GONZAGA, ET AL. vs. CRISANTO P. REALUBIN

  • Adm. Matter No.. MTJ-93-853 & P-94-1013 March 14, 1995 : DOMINGO BALANTES vs. JULIAN OCAMPO III

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-93-874 March 14, 1995 : AUGUSTUS L. MOMONGAN vs. RAFAEL B. OMIPON

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-7-225-RTC March 15, 1995 : IN RE: REPORT OF NESTOR C. FLAUTA

  • G.R. No. 104109 March 15, 1995 : CONRADO MARCELO vs. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-3-20-MCTC March 17, 1995 : IN RE: REPORT ON TERESITA S. SABIDO

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-1012 March 20, 1995 : JOHAN L.H. WINGARTS, ET AL. vs. SERVILLANO M. MEJIA

  • Adm. Matter No. P-94-1045 March 21, 1995 : BRAULIO D. YARANON vs. JONATHAN RULLODA

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-1000 March 22, 1995 : ARCHIMEDES P. CARDINES, ET AL. vs. GREGORIO L. ROSETE

  • Adm. Matter No.. RTJ-941140 & RTJ-94-1218 March 23, 1995 : NOE CANGCO ZARATE vs. ROBERTO B. ROMANILLOS

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-92-713 March 27, 1995 : GLENITA S. LEGASPI vs. FRANCISCO A. GARRETE

  • Adm. Case No. 3701 March 28, 1995 : PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK vs. TELESFORO S. CEDO

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-1-061-SC March 29, 1995 : JOAQUIN YUSECO, ET AL. vs. JUANITO A. BERNAD

  • Adm. Case No. 2936 March 31, 1995 : CESAR V. ROCES vs. JOSE G. APORTADERA

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-6-189-RTC March 7, 1995 : IN RE: PARTIAL REPORT ON THE AUDIT AND INVENTORY OF CASES IN TANAUAN, BATANGAS

  • Adm. Matter No. P-92-766 March 27, 1995 : LOURDES SUMALJAG EVANGELISTA vs. LUISA PENSERGA

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-902 March 27, 1995 : EMETERIO L. ASINAS, JR. vs. ERNESTO T. TRINIDAD

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-92-706 March 29, 1995 : LUPO ALMODIEL ATIENZA vs. FRANCISCO F. BRILLANTES, JR.,

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-92-789 March 7, 1995 : REMEDIOS A. ANTONINO vs. FRANCISCO X. VELEZ

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-93-811 March 1, 1995 - ALICIA T. KAW v. CASIANO P. ANUNCIACION, JR.

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-94-1200 March 1, 1995 - ELNORA S. PANGANIBAN v. FRANCISCO MA. GUERRERO, JR.

  • G.R. No. 76530 March 1, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. REDENTOR E. UMALI

  • G.R. Nos. 88298-99 March 1, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROGELIO L. RIVERA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 90185 March 1, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ERNESTO B. ABARRI, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 95851 March 1, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MANOLO VILLANUEVA

  • G.R. No. 108031 March 1, 1995 - DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109808 March 1, 1995 - ESALYN CHAVEZ v. EDNA BONTO-PEREZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 114829 March 1, 1995 - MAXIMINO B. GAMIDO v. NEW BILIBID PRISONS (NBP) OFFICIALS

  • G.R. No. 116615 March 1, 1995 - FERDINAND CUNANAN v. HERMIN E. ARCEO

  • G.R. No. 117211 March 1, 1995 - PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY, INC. v. HONORABLE SECRETARY, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-95-1286 March 2, 1995 - TERESITA Q. TUCAY v. ROGER A. DOMAGAS

  • G.R. No. 100167 March 2, 1995 - ISALAMA MACHINE WORKS CORP. v. LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 106234 March 2, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOSE DAYSON

  • G.R. No. 111568 March 2, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ALBERTO DE LA CRUZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113337 March 2, 1995 - RONALD MANLIMOS, ET AL. v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION , ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 117383 March 6, 1995 - RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORP. v. LUCIA V. ISNANI, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. P-95-1120 March 7, 1995 - VIRGILIO HERNANDEZ v. GAUDIOSO BORJA

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-6-189-RTC March 7, 1995 - IN RE: PARTIAL REPORT ON THE AUDIT AND INVENTORY OF CASES IN TANAUAN, BATANGAS

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-92-789 March 7, 1995 - REMEDIOS A. ANTONINO v. FRANCISCO X. VELEZ

  • G.R. No. 104709 March 7, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116418 March 7, 1995 - SALVADOR C. FERNANDEZ v. HON. PATRICIA A. STO. TOMAS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 118577 & 118627 March 7, 1995 - JUANITO MARIANO, JR., ET AL. v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. 93-774 March 8, 1995 - GERARDO B. PADILLA v. PAISAL M. ARABIA

  • G.R. No. 106664 March 8, 1995 - PHILIPPINE AIR LINES v. FLORANTE A. MIANO

  • G.R. No. 109140 March 8, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROLAND TACIPIT

  • G.R. No. 105204 March 9, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. THELMA REYES, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 111624-25 March 9, 1995 - ALFONSO C. BINCE, JR. v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 104151 & 105563 March 10, 1995 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. P-94-1061 March 13, 1995 - MARCOS V. PRIETO v. GODOFREDO R. CARIAGA

  • Adm. Case No. 1955 March 14, 1995 - NAPOLEON R. GONZAGA, ET AL. v. CRISANTO P. REALUBIN

  • Adm. Matter Nos. MTJ-93-853 & P-94-1013 March 14, 1995 - DOMINGO BALANTES v. JULIAN OCAMPO III

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-93-874 March 14, 1995 - AUGUSTUS L. MOMONGAN v. RAFAEL B. OMIPON

  • G.R. No. 112660 March 14, 1995 - SPS. ANTONIO AND VIRGINIA CHUA, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-7-225-RTC March 15, 1995 - IN RE: REPORT OF NESTOR C. FLAUTA

  • G.R. No. 104109 March 15, 1995 - CONRADO MARCELO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112721 March 15, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. EFREN RIVERO

  • G.R. No. 115640 March 15, 1995 - REYNALDO ESPIRITU, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 105606 March 16, 1995 - EUGENIA CREDO MERCER v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112658 March 16, 1995 - WILMA CRUZ TAPALLA v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112916 March 16, 1995 - SCOTT CONSULTANTS & RESOURCE DEVT. CORP., INC. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113054 March 16, 1995 - LEOUEL SANTOS, SR. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 118702 March 16, 1995 - CIRILO ROY G. MONTEJO v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-3-20-MCTC March 17, 1995 - IN RE: REPORT ON TERESITA S. SABIDO

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-1012 March 20, 1995 - JOHAN L.H. WINGARTS, ET AL. v. SERVILLANO M. MEJIA

  • G.R. No. 96288 March 20, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. RICARDO D. NEMERIA

  • G.R. No. 101338 March 20, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CRISALITO A. TABARNO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 104399 March 20, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ANTONIO G. ALVARADO

  • G.R. No. 106718 March 20, 1995 - GREGORIO MA. ARANETA III v. SANDIGANBAYAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109373 March 20, 1995 - PACIFIC BANKING CORPORATION EMPLOYEES ORGANIZATION, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112381 March 20, 1995 - ISABELO APA, ET AL. v. RUMOLDO R. FERNANDEZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116049 March 20, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. EUSTAQUIO Z. GACOTT, JR., ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. P-94-1045 March 21, 1995 - BRAULIO D. YARANON v. JONATHAN RULLODA

  • G.R. Nos. 105536-37 March 21, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. WILFREDO T. ABENDAÑO

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-1000 March 22, 1995 - ARCHIMEDES P. CARDINES, ET AL. v. GREGORIO L. ROSETE

  • G.R. No. 112983 March 22, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. HECTOR MAQUEDA, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter Nos. RTJ-941140 & RTJ-94-1218 March 23, 1995 - NOE CANGCO ZARATE v. ROBERTO B. ROMANILLOS

  • G.R. No. 95031 March 23, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MARIO GUERRERO

  • G.R. No. 111581 March 23, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SILVESTRE MIRANDAY, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 111956 & 111958-61 March 23, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ARMANDO V. PADILLA

  • G.R. No. 116623 March 23, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL., ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116820 March 23, 1995 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 93436 March 24, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MELCHOR B. REAL

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-92-713 March 27, 1995 - GLENITA S. LEGASPI v. FRANCISCO A. GARRETE

  • Adm. Matter No. P-92-766 March 27, 1995 - LOURDES SUMALJAG EVANGELISTA v. LUISA PENSERGA

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-94-902 March 27, 1995 - EMETERIO L. ASINAS, JR. v. ERNESTO T. TRINIDAD

  • G.R. No. 82407 March 27, 1995 - LUIS C. CLEMENTE, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 87235 March 27, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DANILO PLAZA

  • G.R. Nos. 103803-04 March 27, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SOCRATES ROUS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 106573 March 27, 1995 - ANTONIO CHUA v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116272 March 27, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. NOEL PAGUNTALAN, ET AL.

  • Adm. Case No. 3701 March 28, 1995 - PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK v. TELESFORO S. CEDO

  • G.R. No. 113795 March 28, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JESUS ESPINOSA, JR., ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. 94-1-061-SC March 29, 1995 - JOAQUIN YUSECO, ET AL. v. JUANITO A. BERNAD

  • Adm. Matter No. MTJ-92-706 March 29, 1995 - LUPO ALMODIEL ATIENZA v. FRANCISCO F. BRILLANTES, JR.,

  • G.R. No. 87163 March 29, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROLANDO CASINGAL, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 100514 March 29, 1995 - ZAMBOANGA CITY ELECTRIC COOP. v. MUSIB M. BUAT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 110812 March 29, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ARTEMIO GAPASAN

  • G.R. Nos. 115908-09 March 29, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DANNY GODOY

  • Adm. Case No. 2936 March 31, 1995 - CESAR V. ROCES v. JOSE G. APORTADERA

  • G.R. No. 80225 March 31, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOSE SOLDAO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 106541-42 March 31, 1995 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MENANDRO TRIMOR

  • G.R. No. 107356 March 31, 1995 - SINGAPORE AIRLINES LIMITED v. COURT OF APPEALS , ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 107916 March 31, 1995 - PERCIVAL MODAY, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109444 March 31, 1995 - DELANO T. PADILLA v. PATRICIA STO. TOMAS

  • G.R. Nos. 109638-39 March 31, 1995 - FLORENCIO D. FIANZA v. PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112130 March 31, 1995 - CHUA TIONG TAY v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113658 March 31, 1995 - PABLO A. COYOCA v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION

  • G.R. No. 115863 March 31, 1995 - AIDA D. EUGENIO v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116041 March 31, 1995 - NESCITO C. HILARIO v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, ET AL.