Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2000 > November 2000 Decisions > G.R. No. 133441 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF PHIL. v. ROMMEL PINE:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

[G.R. No. 133441. November 29, 2000.]

THE PEOPLE OF PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROMMEL PINE y GARCIA, Accused-Appellant.

D E C I S I O N


MENDOZA, J.:


This is an appeal from a decision 1 of the Regional Trial Court, branch 163, Pasig City, finding accused-appellant Rommel Pine guilty of statutory rape and sentencing him to suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua and to pay complainant Roxanne Pedro the amount of P200,000.00 as moral damages.

The information against accused-appellant alleged that:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

On or about April 30, 1997, in San Juan, Metro Manila and within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the accused, by means of force, violence and intimidation, did then and there willfully, unlawfully and feloniously have sexual intercourse with Roxanne Pedro y Montemayor @ "Budick," a minor, ten (10) years of age, against her will and consent.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

CONTRARY TO LAW. 2

When arraigned, the accused-appellant pleaded not guilty, 3 whereupon his trial ensued.

The prosecution presented evidence showing the following:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Complainant’s mother, Ernita Montemayor, worked as a cook in a restaurant owned by Ms. Carmen Mesina. It would appear that the two stayed in the house of Ernita’s employer at 101 A. Lake St., Barangay Balong Bato, San Juan, Metro Manila. The other household helps were a cook in the house, named Manang Piring, and accused-appellant Rommel Pine, alias Emil, who worked there as a houseboy.chanrob1es virtua1 law library

On April 30, 1997, between 8:30 and 8:45 in the evening, complainant watched television with Manang Piring and accused-appellant in the playroom of Carmen Mesina’s house. After a while, Manang Piring left the room and went to the kitchen, leaving accused-appellant Pine and Roxanne alone. Roxanne was sitting on a bed in the playroom when accused-appellant made her lie down. Roxanne tried to stand up, but accused-appellant held her down by the shoulder. Accused-appellant then pulled complainant’s shorts and, after doing the same to his shorts, he succeeded in having sexual intercourse with her. Complainant tried to scream and kick accused-appellant but the latter covered her mouth with his hand. After he was through, Accused-appellant warned her not to tell anyone about the incident.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Afraid that her mother would get angry, Roxanne kept quiet until her mother found her seated by the terrace with accused-appellant on May 17, 1997. 4 When complainant stood up, her mother saw that she was naked from the waist down, her shorts having been pulled down to her knees. Angry at what she had seen, Ernita confronted accused-appellant and asked him why he molested her daughter, but accused-appellant denied the allegation. Roxanne did not say anything on that occasion, but the following day, May 18, 1997, she finally admitted to her mother that she had been raped by Accused-Appellant. 5chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Dr. Dennis G. Bellin, a medico-legal officer of the Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory, conducted a physical examination of Roxanne on the same day and issued a report showing the following:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

FINDINGS:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

GENERAL AND EXTRAGENITAL:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Fairly developed, fairly nourished and coherent female child. Breasts are undeveloped. Abdomen is flabby and soft.

GENITAL:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

There is absence of pubic hair. Labora majora is full, convex and coaptated with the light brown labia minora presenting in between. On separating the same disclosed an elastic, fleshy-type hymen with deep healed laceration at 6 o’clock position. External vaginal orifice offers strong resistance to the introduction of the examining index finger.

x       x       x


CONCLUSION:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Subject is in non-virgin state physically.

There are no external signs of application of any form of violence.

REMARKS:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Vaginal and peri-urethral smears are negative for gram-negative diplococci and for spermatozoa. 6chanrobles virtual law library

Dr. Bellin opined that the deep healed laceration found on the victim’s vagina could have been caused by the introduction of a hard blunt object, such as an erect penis. He estimated that the laceration of the victim’s hymen occurred around three weeks prior to the examination. However, he could not determine whether the victim resisted the sexual act or voluntarily submitted herself to it. 7 On cross-examination, Dr. Bellin admitted that it was possible that the laceration was caused by the insertion of a finger. 8

After the prosecution had rested its case, Accused-appellant Rommel Pine testified in his defense. He stated that he was 26 years old, married, and that he worked as a houseboy of Ms. Carmen Mesina at A. Lake St., Balong Bato, San Juan, Metro Manila. On April 30, 1997, at around 8:30 or 8:45 in the evening, he watched television in the playroom of his employer’s house, together with a certain Manang Piring. At around 9:30 of that same evening, Roxanne joined them in the playroom. A few minutes later, Ernita Montemayor, the girl’s mother, also entered the room. He claimed that at around 9:45 that evening, Roxanne and her mother left the playroom to go to sleep in their room, while Manang Piring went to the kitchen. Soon after, Emil also went to sleep in his room. He woke up at around 7:00 in the morning of the following day, May 1, 1997. Emil denied that he raped Roxanne. He stated that he had known Roxanne for a year prior to the alleged incident and described her as "malambing." He does not recall quarreling with Roxanne or her mother prior to April 30, 1997. 9

On December 16, 1997, the trial court rendered its decision, the dispositive portion of which reads:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

WHEREFORE, premises considered, this Court finds accused, Rommel Pine y Garcia, guilty beyond reasonable doubt as principal of the crime of rape and imposes upon him the penalty of reclusion perpetua; to indemnify Roxanne Pedro the sum of P200,000.00 as moral damages; and to pay the costs.

Any detention service rendered by the accused should be credited in his favor computed pursuant to Batas Pambansa Blg. 85. 10

Hence, this appeal. Accused-appellant contends that:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN GIVING CREDENCE TO THE ALLEGED VICTIM’S CONFLICTING AND UNCERTAIN TESTIMONY.

II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN FINDING THE ACCUSED GUILTY BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT OF THE CRIME OF RAPE. 11

First. This Court has laid down the following guidelines in the decision of rape cases, to wit: (a) a rape charge can be made with facility; it is difficult to prove but more difficult for the person accused, though innocent, to disprove; (b) in view of the intrinsic nature of the crime of rape where generally only two persons are involved, the testimony of the complainant must be scrutinized with extreme caution; and (c) the evidence for the prosecution must stand or fall on its merits and cannot draw strength from the weakness of the evidence for the defense. 12

The findings of fact of trial courts are not to be disturbed on appeal, unless there are substantial facts and circumstances which have been overlooked and which, if properly considered, might affect the result of the case. This is because the trial judge had the opportunity, not equally available to the appellate court, to observe the expression and demeanor of the witnesses under questioning. 13

In this case, we agree with the trial court’s finding that Roxanne’s testimony is straightforward, credible, and convincing. Roxanne testified:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Q. On April 30, 1997 at about 8:30 to 8:45 in the evening, do you recall where were you?

A. I was in the playroom, Ma’am.

Q. Where is that play room located?

A. Inside the house, Ma’am.

x       x       x


Q. So, when Manang Piring went out of the play room, and went to the kitchen, who was left behind?

A. Emil and myself, Ma’am.

Q . . . [W]hen you were left [with] Emil inside the room, could you recall any unusual incident that transpired during that time when you were left, the two (2) of you?

A. Yes, Ma’am.

Q. What was that?

A. When I was seated on the bed, Emil approached me.

Q. When he approached, what happened?

A. He lay me down on the bed.

Q. What did you do when Emil [laid] you down on the bed?

A. I tried to stand up but he prevented me from standing up.

Q. At that time, how old [were] you?

A Ten (10) years old.

Q. How did he prevent you from standing up [from] the bed?

A. He was holding my left shoulder.

Q. After that, what happened?

A. He undressed me.

x       x       x


Q. Was he able to undress you?

A. Only my short.

Q. Was he able to remove your short?

A. No, Ma’am. Up to my knee only.

Q. After that, what happened?

A. He undressed himself.

Q. What clothes did he undress?

A. Short, Ma’am.

x       x       x


Q. After Emil undressed himself, what happened?

A. He raped me.

Q. What do you mean, he raped you?

A. He inserted his penis into my vagina.

Q. Did you try to scream during that time?

A. Yes, Ma’am.

Q. What happened when you scream?

A. He covered my mouth, Ma’am.

Q. So that prevented you from screaming?

A. Yes, Ma’am.

Q. Did you not try to resist when Emil inserted his penis into your vagina?

A. I kicked him, Ma’am.

Q. Where did you kick him?

A. I just kicked him, I do not know where I hit him.

x       x       x


Q. After Emil inserted his penis into your vagina, what happened after that?

A. When I tried to scream, he covered my mouth and told me not to tell anybody.

Q. After that, what happened?

A. I ran towards the kitchen.

x       x       x


Q. When he inserted his penis into your vagina, did he make a push and pull movement?

A. Yes, Ma’am.

Q. What did you feel when he inserted his penis into your vagina?

A. Painful, Ma’am. 14

Accused-appellant makes much of the fact that Roxanne admitted that she was unable to see whether what had been inserted in her vagina was a penis, a finger, or an instrument. Accused-appellant says that this concerns a material fact which renders Roxanne’s entire testimony suspect.

Roxanne’s testimony is as follows:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Q. What is the exact position of your buttocks in relation to the side of the bed?

A. At the corner of the bed.

Q. Assuming this is your vagina, in relation to the side of the bed, where was your vagina?

A. Here, sir. (Witness pointing to the edge of the bed).

Q. How tall is the bed?

A. Twenty-five inches.

Q. Was he in the kneeling position?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. Was it the time he inserted his penis?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. You really did not see what was inserted in your vagina?

A. No, because I was lying.

Q. You just feel there was somet[hing] insert[ed] in your vagina?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. You really not sure whether it is finger, penis or instrument, hard instrument?

A. I am not sure.

x       x       x


Q. After inserting his penis, what happened? What did Emil do?

A. I shouted and he covered my mouth.

Q. What did Emil do?

A. He told me not to tell to anybody.

Q. Did he already remove his penis?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. How long did he insert his penis?

A. I do not know, sir.

Q. He did not insert his penis?

A. He inserted it.

Q. You are really sure whether or not what he inserted into your vagina was penis, finger or hard instrument?

A. I am not sure, sir.

Q. You are only sure that something is inserted but you are not sure whether it is a penis, finger or any hard instrument?

A. I am sure, sir.

x       x       x


Q Isn’t it the truth of the matter is that, you are really not sure what was inserted into your vagina, considering that you were lying on the bed?

A. Yes, sir.

COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Q. And you did not see what was inserted into your vagina?

A. Yes, sir.

COURT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Redirect?

PROSEC. LEONARDO:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

Redirect, Your Honor.

Q. When that thing was inserted into your vagina, where was the hand or hands of Emil?

A. One hand on my mouth and one hand holding my hands. 15

Roxanne deserves credit for truthfulness. She said she could not tell with certainty whether it was accused-appellant’s penis which he inserted into her vagina or only his finger or a hard instrument because she was lying on her back. Perhaps a mature woman with sexual experience would be able to tell whether it was a penis, a finger, or an instrument which was inserted into her private part. But in this case the following circumstances make it improbable that the penetration was other than penile penetration: (1) According to Roxanne, Accused-appellant was able to penetrate her because, with one hand covering her mouth and the other holding her hands, she was rendered helpless. This makes it improbable, if not impossible, for accused-appellant either to insert his finger or to poke an instrument into her vagina; (2) Accused-appellant was not engaged in foreplay but in sexual intercourse. It was, therefore, improbable that he would use his finger or an instrument to obtain sexual gratification.

Indeed, it has been held that the testimony of a rape victim, who is young or of tender age, is credible and deserves full credit, especially where the facts point to her having been a victim of sexual assault. Certainly, the victim would not make public the offense, undergo the trouble and humiliation of a public trial, and endure the ordeal of testifying to all its gory details if she had not in fact been raped. 16

In this case, Roxanne was steadfast in her claim that she had been raped and that the one who had abused her was Accused-Appellant. She could not have been mistaken in her identification of accused-appellant as her assailant, because he was a houseboy living in the house where she and her mother lived. In the face of such positive identification by Roxanne, Accused-appellant’s self-serving denials cannot prevail. 17 Moreover, her testimony is corroborated by the findings of the medical examination which indicated that she was in a non-virgin state physically, confirming that Roxanne had indeed been raped by Accused-Appellant.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Second. Rape is committed by having carnal knowledge of a woman under the following circumstances: (1) by using force or intimidation; (2) when the woman is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious; and (3) when the woman is under twelve years of age or is demented. 18 Under the third circumstance, regardless of the presence or absence of consent, if the offended woman is not yet 12 years old, carnal knowledge with her constitutes statutory rape. Hence, the two elements of statutory rape are: (1) that the offender had carnal knowledge of a woman and (2) that the victim is under 12 years of age at the time of the rape. 19

In this case, the only evidence of Roxanne’s age is her own testimony. Although her mother, Ernita Montemayor, testified for the prosecution, no part of her testimony touched upon her daughter’s age. Hence, the trial court could only rely on the sole testimony of the victim as to her age in convicting accused-appellant of statutory rape. This is, however, insufficient.

To be sure, the testimony of a person as to her age, although hearsay, is admissible as evidence of family tradition. 20 It cannot, however, be considered proof of age beyond reasonable doubt. In those cases in which we held the victims’ testimonies as to their age to be admissible, their testimonies were corroborated by the testimonies of the mothers, 21 the fathers, 22 or the grandfathers 23 of the victim or by documentary evidence, such as baptismal certificates, school records, and the like. In this case, no such corroborative or supporting evidence was presented by the prosecution. It cannot be determined from her appearance alone that she was below 12 years old. As we have held in the similar case of People v. Vargas: 24

In the case at bar, however, no birth or baptismal certificate was presented to prove the age of the victim. Neither was there a showing that said documents were lost or destroyed to justify their nonpresentation. The trial court should not have relied on the testimony of Cornelia as to her age nor on the testimony of her aunt Margarila Quilang. Both testimonies are hearsay. Nor was it correct for the trial court to judge the victim’s age by considering her appearance. As correctly pointed out by appellant, Cornelia could easily be mistaken for a child below 12 years of age. The difference of two or three years in age may not always be readily apparent by mere physical manifestations or appearance. Indeed, there is generally no noticeable difference between the appearance of a ten (10) year old child from that of a twelve (12) year old. The age of the victim is an essential element in the crime of statutory rape and must be indubitably proved by the prosecution. As there was failure of proof by the prosecution, appellant cannot be convicted of statutory rape.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

This does not, however, mean that accused-appellant could no longer be convicted of rape. It must be noted that the information 25 against him likewise charged that accused-appellant had carnal knowledge of Roxanne Pedro "by means of force, violence and intimidation." The age of complainant is inconsequential. 26 The evidence shows that accused-appellant succeeded in having sex with Roxanne through the use of force. He pinned her hands and covered her mouth to prevent her from resisting and crying out for help. Roxanne tried to kick him but to no avail. Accused-appellant lay on top of her on the bed, forced her legs apart, and inserted his penis into her vagina. When he was through with her, he threatened her with harm if she told anyone about what happened to her. 27 Surely, Roxanne’s narration of events could by no means be interpreted as consensual sex. On the contrary, her testimony showed her lack of consent to the sexual congress and the use of force and intimidation to consummate accused-appellant’s unlawful design.

While it is true that Roxanne’s medical examination showed no external signs of the application of violence, 28 this does not negate the finding of rape. For as we observed in another case: 29

In this case, it is enough that the prosecution had proven that force or intimidation was exerted in the commission of the crime. The law does not impose upon a rape victim the burden of proving resistance. Moreover, physical resistance need not be established in rape when intimidation is exercised upon the victim and she submits herself against her will to the rapist’s lust because of the fear for her life or personal safety. Indeed, it has been said that, in rape cases, it is not necessary that the victim should have resisted unto death or sustained physical injuries in the hands of the rapist. It suffices that the intercourse takes place against her will, or that she yields because of a genuine apprehension of great harm.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Accused-appellant was a houseboy in the house where Roxanne and her mother lived. He was trusted by them. He was a 26-year old man while the victim was but a child. Under such circumstances, Roxanne, shocked and frightened, could not have been prepared to handle accused-appellant’s sexual assault. To silence and intimidate the young girl would not have required that degree of force that would otherwise have been necessary in order to force an older and stronger woman into submission.

Based on the foregoing considerations, we hold that accused-appellant is guilty of rape. Based on our current rulings, 30 however, the trial court’s award of P200,000.00 in moral damages should be reduced to P50,000.00. On the other hand, the additional amount of P50,000.00 should also be given to complainant as civil indemnity. The award of civil indemnity requires no further proof other than the fact of rape. 31

WHEREFORE, the decision of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 163, Pasig City, is AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATION that the award of moral damages is REDUCED to P50,000.00 but accused-appellant should also pay complainant Roxanne Pedro the additional amount of P50,000.00 as civil indemnity.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

SO ORDERED.

Bellosillo, Quisumbing, Buena and De Leon, Jr., JJ., concur.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Endnotes:



1. Per Judge Aurelio C. Trampe.

2. Records, p. 1.

3. Id., p. 14.

4. TSN (Roxanne Pedro) pp. 2-10, September 16, 1997.

5. Id. pp. 10-12; TSN (Ernita Montemayor), pp. 5-6, September 16, 1997.

6. Exh. C; Records, p. 49.

7. TSN (Dr. Dennis Bellin), pp. 6-7, 9, August 27, 1997.

8. Id., p. 10.

9. TSN (Rommel Pine), pp. 2-11, December 2, 1997.

10. RTC Decision, p. 5, Rollo, p. 16.

11. Brief for the Accused-appellant, p. 1; Rollo, p. 40.

12. People v. Barcelona, G.R. No. 125341, February 9, 2000.

13. People v. Accion, 312 SCRA 250 (1999).

14. TSN, pp. 5-9, September 3, 1997.

15. TSN, pp. 33-37, Sept. 3, 1997 (emphasis added).

16. People v. Victor, 292 SCRA 186 (1998).

17. See People v. Accion, supra.

18. REVISED PENAL CODE, ART. 335, as amended by Republic Act No. 7659.

19. People v. Romua, 272 SCRA 818 (1997).

20. People v. Silvano, 309 SCRA 362 (1999); People v. Alegado, 201 SCRA 37 (1991).

21. People v. Rebancos, 172 SCRA 425 (1989).

22. People v. Samillano, 207 SCRA 50 (1992).

23. People v. Alegado, supra.

24. 257 SCRA 603, 610-611 (1996).

25. Records, p. 1.

26. People v. Sagaysay, 308 455 (1999).

27. TSN, p. 8, 26-37, Sept. 3, 1997.

28. Exh. C.

29. People v. Napiot, 311 SCRA 772, 782 (1999).

30. People v Santos, G.R. Nos. 131103 & 143472, June 29, 2000; People v. Javier, 311 SCRA 122 (1999).

31. People v. Barcelona, supra.; People v. Napiot, supra.; People v. Ablog, 309 SCRA 222 (1999).




Back to Home | Back to Main




















chanrobles.com





ChanRobles On-Line Bar Review

ChanRobles Internet Bar Review : www.chanroblesbar.com

ChanRobles MCLE On-line

ChanRobles Lawnet Inc. - ChanRobles MCLE On-line : www.chanroblesmcleonline.com






November-2000 Jurisprudence                 

  • A.M. No. RTJ-99-1510 November 6, 2000 - RUFUS B. RODRIGUEZ v. RODOLFO R. BONIFACIO

  • G.R. No. 140665 November 13, 2000 - VICTOR TING "SENG DEE", ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • A.C. No. 2611 November 15, 2000 - FELY E. CORONADO v. ERNESTO FELONGCO

  • A.M. No. MTJ-00-1333 November 15, 2000 - LAMBERTO P. VILLAFLOR v. ROMANITO A. AMATONG

  • A.M. No. RTJ-00-1583 November 15, 2000 - PASTOR O. RICAFRANCA v. LILIA C. LOPEZ

  • A.M. No. RTJ-92-798 November 15, 2000 - JAVIER A. ARIOSA v. CAMILO TAMIN

  • G.R. No. 103149 November 15, 2000 - PHILIPPINE COMMERCIAL INTERNATIONAL BANK v. HON. COURT OF APPEALS

  • G.R. No. 125903 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROMULO SAULO

  • G.R. No. 126223 November 15, 2000 - PHI. AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 129299 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. RODOLFO OLING MADRAGA

  • G.R. No. 131127 November 15, 2000 - ALFONSO T. YUCHENGCO v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 131922 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FELY LADERA

  • G.R. No. 132671 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CRISANTO BAULA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 133240 November 15, 2000 - RUDOLF LIETZ HOLDINGS v. REGISTRY OF DEEDS OF PARAÑAQUE CITY

  • G.R. No. 134310 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. RONILO SUALOG

  • G.R. No. 134406 November 15, 2000 - PHIL. NATIONAL BANK v. FRANCISCO RABAT, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 134539 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. PRUDENCIO BALMORIA

  • G.R. Nos. 135413-15 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. AMER MOYONG, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 136745 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. RESTITUTO RENDAJE

  • G.R. No. 136861 November 15, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. BONIFACIO LOPEZ

  • G.R. No. 137122 November 15, 2000 - MANILA MEMORIAL PARK CEMETERY v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 137915 November 15, 2000 - NARRA INTEGRATED CORP. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 137980 November 15, 2000 - TALA REALTY SERVICES CORP. v. BANCO FILIPINO SAVINGS AND MORTGAGE BANK

  • G.R. No. 138141 November 15, 2000 - AMELIA MARINO v. SPS. SALCEDO

  • G.R. Nos. 139141-42 November 15, 2000 - MAMBURAO v. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 139283 November 15, 2000 - ALLEN LEROY HAMILTON v. DAVID LEVY, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 140274 November 15, 2000 - WILLIAM T. TOH v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 141423 November 15, 2000 - MELINA P. MACAHILIG v. GRACE M. MAGALIT

  • G.R. No. 134309 November 17, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROBERTO MARIANO

  • G.R. Nos. 135511-13 November 17, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ENRICO MARIANO

  • A.M. No. P-97-1243 November 20, 2000 - NORMANDIE B. PIZARRO v. WILFREDO VILLEGAS

  • A.M. No. RTJ-00-1553 November 20, 2000 - ALFREDO BENJAMIN v. CELSO D. LAVINA

  • G.R. No. 95533 November 20, 2000 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 97472-73 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. VICENTE PACAÑA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 109338 November 20, 2000 - CAMARINES NORTE ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 112172 November 20, 2000 - PUBLIC ESTATES AUTHORITY, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 115747 & 116658 November 20, 2000 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 119991 November 20, 2000 - OLIMPIA DIANCIN v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 122950 November 20, 2000 - ESTATE OF THE LATE MENA BOLANOS v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 123855 November 20, 2000 - NEREO J. PACULDO v. BONIFACIO C. REGALADO

  • G.R. No. 124293 November 20, 2000 - JG SUMMIT HOLDINGS v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL

  • G.R. No. 124572 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CIRILO OPOSCULO

  • G.R. No. 125497 November 20, 2000 - UNICANE FOOD PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 127750-52 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. CRISANTO DIGMA

  • G.R. No. 128819 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. EDDISON CASTURIA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 132717 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. EMMANUEL MANA-AY

  • G.R. No. 134992 November 20, 2000 - PEPITO S. PUA v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 135294 November 20, 2000 - ANDRES S. SAJUL v. SANDIGANBAYAN, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 135963 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. NORBERTO SABADO

  • G.R. Nos. 137108-09 November 20, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JONNIE TAGAYLO

  • G.R. No. 141975 November 20, 2000 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHIL. v. ATLAS FARMS, ET AL.

  • A.M. No. MTJ-00-1320 November 22, 2000 - ANTONIO M. BANGAYAN v. JIMMY R. BUTACAN

  • A.M. No. MTJ-98-1160 November 22, 2000 - MA. CRISTINA B. SEARES v. ROSITA B. SALAZAR

  • A.M. No. RTJ-00-1569 November 22, 2000 - MELCHOR E. BONILLA v. TITO G. GUSTILO

  • A.M. No. RTJ-99-1520 November 22, 2000 - REIMBERT C. VILLAREAL v. ALEJANDRO R. DIONGZON

  • G.R. Nos. 116124-25 November 22, 2000 - BIBIANO O. REYNOSO v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 119281 November 22, 2000 - VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE PHIL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 121769 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DANDY ALVAREZ, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 123101 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. TITING ARANAS @ TINGARDS/RONNIE

  • G.R. No. 128583 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOSEPHINE FAJARDO

  • G.R. No. 128872 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. PATERNO VITANCUR

  • G.R. No. 130331 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ADEL TUANGCO

  • G.R. No. 130651 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. DANTE DESAMPARADO

  • G.R. Nos. 136247 & 138330 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MANUEL LIBAN

  • G.R. No. 136857 November 22, 2000 - BARTIMEO VELASQUEZ, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 137908 November 22, 2000 - RAMON D. OCHO v. BERNARDINO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 137978-79 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. HECTOR C. SALE

  • G.R. No. 138296 November 22, 2000 - VIRON TRANSPORTATION CO. v. ALBERTO DELOS SANTOS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 138735 November 22, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOSEFINO LEODONES, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 139587 November 22, 2000 - IN THE MATTER OF THE INTESTATE ESTATE OF DECEASED ISMAEL REYES v. CESAR R. REYES

  • G.R. No. 139792 November 22, 2000 - ANTONIO P. SANTOS v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 139927 and 139936 November 22, 2000 - SALVADOR BIGLANG-AWA, ET AL. v. MARCIANO I. BACALLA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 140162 November 22, 2000 - AYALA LAND v. MORRIS CARPO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 113006 November 23, 2000 - ONG CHIU KWAN v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 124371 November 23, 2000 - PAULA T. LLORENTE v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 125331 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MERLINDO BELAJE

  • G.R. No. 126640 November 23, 2000 - MARCELO B. ARENAS, ET AL v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 129896 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JESUS MADRID, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 132123 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. NOMER DELOS SANTOS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 135331 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOEMAR PALEC, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 136233 November 23, 2000 - SY CHIN, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 136398 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. LOUIE RAMOS

  • G.R. No. 136421 November 23, 2000 - JOSE and ANITA LEE v. COURT OF APPEALS, Et AL.

  • G.R. No. 137035 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. GALING ESMANA, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 137383-84 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. REYNALDO VELASQUEZ

  • G.R. No. 137491 November 23, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. VICENTE FLORES

  • G.R. No. 139951 November 23, 2000 - RAMON M. VELUZ v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL

  • A.M. No. MTJ-00-1335 November 27, 2000 - YOLANDA FLORO v. ORLANDO C. PAGUIO

  • A.M. No. MTJ-96-1075 November 27, 2000 - PILAR VDA. DELA PEÑA v. TIBURCIO V. EMPAYNADO, JR.

  • A.M. No. P-00-1431 November 27, 2000 - SOFRONIO VENTURA, ET AL. v. RODOLFO CONCEPCION

  • A.M. No. P-98-1270 November 27, 2000 - ANTONIO ABANIL v. ABEL FRANCISCO B. RAMOS, JR.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-98-1427 November 27, 2000.

    PABLO C. REQUIERME, ET AL. v. EVANGELINE S. YUIPCO

  • G.R. No. 114942 November 27, 2000 - MAUNLAD SAVINGS & LOAN ASSOCIATION v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 115997 November 27, 2000 - SECURITY BANK & TRUST COMPANY v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 119747 November 27, 2000 - EXPECTACION DECLARO, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 121104 November 27, 2000 - GERARDO PAHIMUTANG, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 122113 November 27, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. WILSON HERNANI, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 127406 November 27, 2000 - OFELIA P. TY v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 130845 November 27, 2000 - BRYAN U. VILLANUEVA v. TIRSO D.C. VELASCO, ET AL.

  • G.R. Nos. 136757-58 November 27, 2000 - CONSUELO S. BLANCO v. SANDIGANBAYAN

  • G.R. No. 139006 November 27, 2000 - REMIGIO S. ONG v. PEOPLE OF THE PHIL., ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 139495 November 27, 2000 - MACTAN-CEBU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY (MCIAA) v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 140894 November 27, 2000 - ROSARIO YAMBAO, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 143789 November 27, 2000 - SYSTEMS FACTORS CORPORATION v. NLRC, ET AL.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-00-1531 November 28, 2000 - REYNALDO MAGAT v. GREGORIO G. PIMENTEL, ET AL.

  • Adm. Matter No. RTJ-00-1536 November 28, 2000 - REDENTOR S. VIAJE v. JOSE V. HERNANDEZ

  • G.R. No. 129252 November 28, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FRANCISCO CABER, SR.

  • G.R. Nos. 131532-34 November 28, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ROLLY SEGUI

  • G.R. No. 132330 November 28, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOSE BANGCADO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 139273 November 28, 2000 - CALIFORNIA AND HAWAIIAN SUGAR COMPANY, ET AL. v. PIONEER INSURANCE

  • A.M. No. MTJ-99-1205 November 29, 2000 - OFELIA DIRECTO v. FABIAN M. BAUTISTA

  • A.M. No. RTJ-99-1494 November 29, 2000 - ROMAN A. VILLANUEVA v. APOLINARIO F. ESTOQUE

  • A.M. No. SCC-00-5 November 29, 2000 - SALAMA S. ANSA v. SALIH MUSA

  • G.R. No. 109557 November 29, 2000 - JOSE UY, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 116239 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ELPIDIO MERCADO, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 118475 November 29, 2000 - ELVIRA ABASOLO, ET AL. v. NLRC, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 124475 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JOHN PANELA

  • G.R. No. 125935 November 29, 2000 - CARMELITA P. BASILIO, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 126746 November 29, 2000 - ARTHUR TE v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 129064 November 29, 2000 - JUAN A. RUEDA v. HONORABLE SANDIGANBAYAN and PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES

  • G.R. No. 132977 November 29, 2000 - LUIS MONDIA, JR., ET AL. v. EDGARDO G. CANTON, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 133007 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MARIO ADAME

  • G.R. No. 133441 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF PHIL. v. ROMMEL PINE

  • G.R. No. 133787 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. AURELIO BIRAYON, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 133925 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL v. AGUSTIN GOPIO

  • G.R. No. 134606 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. FREDDIE ABILLAR, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 135035 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SEGUNDO ALVERIO

  • G.R. No. 135405 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. JHONNETTEL MAYORGA

  • G.R. Nos. 135671-72 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. MONTANO LOPEZ

  • G.R. No. 137049 November 29, 2000 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. PFC. RENANTE NACARIO

  • G.R. Nos. 138298 & 138982 November 29, 2000 - RAOUL B. DEL MAR v. PAGCOR, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 141013 November 29, 2000 - PACIFIC MILLS, ET AL. v. MANUEL S. PADOLINA, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 142021 November 29, 2000 - TEODORA BUENAFLOR, ET AL. v. COURT OF APPEALS, ET AL.

  • G.R. No. 142907 November 29, 2000 - JOSE EMMANUEL L. CARLOS v. ADORACION G. ANGELES, ET. AL.