April 2001 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
THIRD DIVISION
[G.R. No. 139289. April 17, 2001.]
MONDRAGON INTERNATIONAL PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. JOSEPHINE BLANCO, Respondent.
D E C I S I O N
In June 1990, MONDRAGON INTERNATIONAL PHILIPPINES, INC. (Mondragon), launched a sales raffle promotion, entitled "NUMERONG PANGARAP, DALAWANG MILYONG TANGGAP," later re-christened "DALAWANG MILYONG PAKOTSE AT PAAPPLIANCE PANGARAP." The raffle was open to all direct-sellers, including fashion consultants, of Mondragon products. The purpose of the raffle was two-fold — (1) to generate more sales, and (2) to encourage prompt payment of accounts. Governing this raffle were the Rules and Regulations, dated 07 June 1990, and an Addendum to the Rules. Pertinent portions of these rules provided:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"RULES AND REGULATIONS:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"‘Claim your sales and recruiting coupon
‘1. To obtain entries for the Numerong Pangarap, you must first obtain a sales or recruiting coupon. Every week, during the promo period, sales coupons and recruiting coupons will be issued as follows:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
Every P750 net cumulative = 1 sales coupon
weekly delivered sales of
combined Mondragon
products
Every Personal Recruit who = 1 recruiting
qualifies for the AGP coupon for the
recruiter
‘2. Sales coupons are issued weekly by district distributors. Consultants present their processed order forms and/or cash sales receipts to obtain their sales coupons.
‘3. In cases of single cash purchases of P750 net, CRO cashier immediately issues the corresponding sales coupons.
‘4. Recruiting coupons are issued by promo clerks. These are set automatically to recruiters once AGP qualifying or recruits are verified.
‘5. AGP qualifying sales of new recruits are entitled to sales coupons while recruiters get the equivalent recruiting coupons.
‘IMPORTANT:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
‘6. Sales coupons must be issued for cumulative sales for the week. Sales of one assembly week may not be combined with the sales of another assembly week in applying for a coupon. In cases of out-of-stock items shortages in delivered sales may be completed through cash sales on the following week.
‘7. Distributors must properly mark order forms, CSOFs, CSIs when these have been served with sales coupons.
‘What to do with your coupons
‘8. Sales and recruiting coupons will buy you entries to any of the four prize pots. Submit these coupons to your distributors to obtain your entries.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
‘What is an entry?
‘9. An entry is your choice of number between 00 to 99.
‘How to place an entry
10. Depending on the prize pot that you wish to join, surrender the required coupons for the entry form.
‘SALES POTS REQUIRED COUPONS FOR
1 ENTRY
Silver Pot 1 sales coupon (P750 net)
Gold Pot 2 sales coupons (P1,500 net)
Platinum Pot 4 sales coupons (P3,000 net)
Recruiting Pot
Copper Pot 1 Recruiting Coupon
(1 AGP Awardee)
‘19. All entries corresponding to the winning numbers will be declared as the winning entries.
‘20. The cash pot will be divided equally among the winning entries.
‘21. Only entries corresponding to sales paid on due date and AGP qualifiers will be considered. Prizes are automatically forfeited if orders are not paid on due date or if recruit fails to qualify for the AGP.’
‘ADDENDUM TO THE RULES
‘Once an order is paid on due date, change the SALES coupons to ENTRY FORMS on a per week basis depending on sales generated for the week.’ (Exhibit D-1)" 1
In the case of submitted orders, once paid on due date, the sales coupons could then be exchanged for entry forms. The highest raffle category was the "platinum pot" with a prize of a brand new Toyota Corolla car 1.3 XL but one needed four sales coupons to secure one entry form for the platinum pot.
Private respondent Josephine Blanco (Josephine) was a fashion consultant of Mondragon. She participated in the raffle for the platinum pot category by submitting four sales coupons numbered 063865, 063866, 663867 and 063868 in exchange for one entry form bearing No. 02280. The four sales invoices in the total amount of P5,868.50 were fully paid.
The raffle was conducted on 25 November 1990. The names of the winners were released by Mondragon on 27 November 1990. Josephine was listed as being the winner in the platinum pot. The list of winners was sent to various Mondragon branches (including the Cebu Branch) with an accompanying instruction to verify whether the listed winners had unpaid accounts with Mondragon or orders which had not been paid on due date. Upon verification, it was discovered that Josephine had outstanding accounts or unpaid orders that should have been paid on 01 September 1990. Whereupon, Mondragon decided not to award the prize to Josephine. These unpaid accounts, however, were different from the four sales invoices which Josephine submitted to secure an entry form which later came out to be the winning entry in the platinum pot category. All the forfeited prizes, including the Toyota Corolla, were re-raffled on 15 December 1990 and awarded to winners who were confirmed to have had no unpaid accounts with Mondragon.
In an action, docketed Civil Case No. 91-26 in the Regional Trial Court ("RTC"), Branch 15-A, of Ozamis City, Josephine sued Mondragon for specific performance with damages. In her complaint, Josephine asked that Mondragon be compelled to deliver the prize which she had won in the raffle plus damages. Mondragon resisted the claim and asserted that Josephine was disqualified from participating in the raffle, first, because she, at the time, had unpaid accounts with Mondragon and, second, because she had used the sales invoices of her sister who was a district distributor and not qualified to join the raffle.
After due trial and hearing, the RTC rendered its decision, dated 20 August 1992, in this wise:chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
"A careful examination of the rules and regulations and the addendum yields the revelation that Exh. D-1, read together with Rule 21 draws into sharp focus the meaning and intent of the parties. Thus, this Court rearranges and reads Rule No. 21 with addendum as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"‘Only entries corresponding to sales paid on due date . . . will be considered, Once an order is paid on due date, change the sales coupons to entry forms on a per week basis depending on sales generated for the week. Prizes are automatically forfeited if orders are not paid on due date . . .’
"The first sentence informs participants that only sales paid on due date will merit entry to the raffle. The second sentence shows the procedure for obtaining entry forms. Finally, the third sentence lays down the forfeiture rule. Obviously the phrase ‘orders not paid on due date’ in the third sentence refers, not to those corresponding to entries (participants, after all, do not get entries unless their orders for which they got sales coupons are paid on due date) but to orders submitted by participants remaining unpaid on due date for which they got sales coupons but which could not yet be changed to entries.
"‘The various stipulations of an instrument shall be interpreted together . . .’ (Art. 1374, Civil Code).
"This Court, therefore, finds that plaintiff’s overdue accounts barred her from laying claim to the Toyota Corolla car she had won in the raffle draw.
"As to whether or not she had committed a further infringement on the rules and regulations against using the sales of her sister who was disqualified from joining the raffle, this Court finds no evidence thereof.
"This Court, while having ordered the conditional admission of a deposition offered by defendant as Exh.’9’, has serious doubts in its admissibility, it having been taken just before defendant closed its case and offered without defendant showing that it had not procured the absence of the deponent.
"WHEREFORE, this Court renders judgment DISMISSING the complaint. For lack of evidence, it likewise dismisses the counterclaim. Costs de oficio." 2
Private respondent Josephine Blanco appealed to the Court of Appeals (CA-G.R. CV No. 39501) which ruled differently; it held:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"This Court closely read the Rules and Regulations of the Raffle with concentration on Rule 21 and found nothing which expressly or impliedly supports Mondragon’s position and the lower court’s holding that under the rules, even if the submitted sales invoices of a participant for which an entry form was given to him or her were all fully paid, he or she was nonetheless disqualified if he or she had an overdue account for other sales or orders." 3
Declaring that Josephine Blanco is entitled to the prize, the appellate court concluded:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"WHEREFORE, the appealed Decision is REVERSED and the Court renders judgment ordering defendant-appellee MONDRAGON INTERNATIONAL PHILIPPINES, INC. to deliver to plaintiff-appellant Josephine Blanco one brand new unit of the latest model of Toyota Corolla car 1.3 XL or its current price in cash and to pay the latter an attorney’s fee of P30,000.00 and cost of this suit." 4
Mondragon’s motion for reconsideration was denied by the Court of Appeals in its resolution of 18 June 1999.
In its petition for review before this Court, Mondragon assails the decision of the appellate court and its resolution denying petitioner’s motion for reconsideration.
The Court does not find the position and the plea of petitioner to be impressed with merit.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
Rule 21 of the Raffle Draw provides:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"21. Only entries corresponding to sales paid on due date and AGP qualifiers will be considered. Prizes are automatically forfeited if orders are not paid on due date or if recruit fails to qualify for the AGP." 5
The phrase, "only entries corresponding to sales paid on due date and AGP qualifiers will be considered," indicates that sales coupons covering sales, although not as yet fully paid for, can still be exchanged for raffle tickets or entry forms but the entries will not be considered if at the time of the draw the sales covered by the coupons are yet unpaid or with overdue accounts. The rule on forfeiture, found in the following sentence of Rule 21, viz: "Prizes are automatically forfeited if orders are not paid on due date or . . ." will then apply. While the entries would not thus be automatically excluded from the mechanics of the raffle draw, the prize, however, will be forfeited if at the time of such draw, the entries, if drawn, would correspond to sales that are in default status. As the Court of Appeals so exemplifies it —
". . . It should be noted that under the Rules, the entry form was issued by the cashier if the sales invoice was single cash purchase of P750.00 or more by the district distributor if it was a multiple purchase of the same amount. It was perfectly possible that due to the mistake or negligence of the cashier or district distributor or through his connivance with the raffle participant, a sales invoice which was not fully paid was accepted and the corresponding entry form was issued. It is in this kind of a scenario that the second sentence of Rule 21 finds direct application." 6
The forfeiture clause, in fine, finds no application to coupons covering sales that are fully paid, such as in the case of Josephine, or paid on due date.
In determining the intention of parties, the language that is used is primordial. When unambiguous, the literal meaning 7 controls in ascertaining the intention of the parties. 8 The Court subscribes to the careful rationalization made by the appellate court; thus:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"Consider the following:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"One. If it had been the real intention of Mondragon to disqualify all direct-sellers and fashion consultants who had overdue accounts on the day of the raffle draw even if said accounts referred to invoices other than those used to secure an entry form, it would have been the easiest thing for the former to have expressly stated so in the Rules and Regulations. That it did nothing of that sort signified that it did not have such an intention.
"Two. If Josephine was disqualified to participate in the raffle, why was she issued an entry form? Even if there was a mistake in the issuance of the entry, why did not Mondragon recall or cancel said entry before the raffle draw? By allowing Josephine’s entry to play the raffle, Mondragon was in estoppel to claim that she was disqualified to participate in the raffle.
"Three. The lower court held that the sentence in Rule 21 that ‘Prizes are automatically forfeited if orders are not paid on due date’ would be a mere surplusage if it should be made to refer to the sales invoices which were submitted by a raffle participant in the light of the Addendum which says: ‘Once an order is paid on due date, change the sales coupon to entry forms on a per week basis depending on sales generated for the week’." 9
Petitioner claims that Josephine Blanco, a bona fide fashion consultant, is disqualified from joining the raffle because the rule says that a Fashion Consultant ceases to be one when he or she has an unpaid account of more than thirty (30) days.
The appellate court correctly ruled that Mondragon should be barred from denying the qualification of Josephine after having been issued an entry form which signified that she indeed was qualified and that to now disqualify her after winning the top prize would "be grossly unfair." 10 Besides, her alleged unpaid accounts were different from the four sales invoices which she submitted to secure an entry form that ultimately won the platinum pot category.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
Petitioner goes on to question the qualification of Josephine by asseverating that her sister, Virginia Blanco Villadelgado, is a direct distributor of Mondragon and, as such, is disqualified to join in the raffle draw. Suffice it to say that neither the trial court nor the appellate court found evidence to aptly support the claim. The Court would be hardput to pass upon, let alone reverse, such a factual statement of the two courts below.
WHEREFORE, the petition for review is DENIED. No costs.
SO ORDERED.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
Melo, Panganiban, Gonzaga-Reyes and Sandoval-Gutierrez, JJ., concur.
Endnotes:
1. Rollo, pp. 84-86.
2. Rollo, pp. 44-45.
3. Rollo, p. 89.
4. Rollo, pp. 91-92.
5. Rollo, p. 83.
6. Rollo, p. 90.
7. Cachola, Sr. v. Court of Appeals, 208 SCRA 496.
8. Mojica v. Court of Appeals, 201 SCRA 517; Plastic Town Center Corporation v. NLRC, 172 SCRA 580.
9. Rollo, pp. 89-90.
10. Rollo, p. 91.
