Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2010 > October 2010 Decisions > G.R. No. 188154 : October 13, 2010 LOURDES A. CERCADO, Petitioner, v. UNIPROM, INC., Respondent.cra:





 

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 188154 : October 13, 2010

LOURDES A. CERCADO, Petitioner, v. UNIPROM, INC., Respondent.cralaw

D E C I S I O N

NACHURA, J.:

Assailed in this Petition for Review on Certiorari1cra1aw are the July 31, 2007 Decision2cra1aw and the May 26, 2009 Resolution3cra1aw of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 87508, declaring as valid the unilateral retirement of petitioner by respondent.

The Facts

Petitioner Lourdes A. Cercado (Cercado) started working for respondent UNIPROM, Inc. (UNIPROM) on December 15, 1978 as a ticket seller assigned at Fiesta Carnival, Araneta Center, Quezon City. Later on, she was promoted as cashier and then as clerk typist.

On April 1, 1980, UNIPROM instituted an Employees Non-Contributory Retirement Plan4cra1aw which provides that any participant with twenty (20) years of service, regardless of age, may be retired at his option or at the option of the company.

On January 1, 2001, UNIPROM amended the retirement plan in compliance with Republic Act (R.A.) No. 7641.5cra1aw Under the revised retirement plan,6cra1aw UNIPROM reserved the option to retire employees who were qualified to retire under the program.

Sometime in December 2000, UNIPROM implemented a company-wide early retirement program for its 41 employees, including herein petitioner, who, at that time, was 47 years old, with 22 years of continuous service to the company. She was offered an early retirement package amounting to P171,982.90, but she rejected the same.

UNIPROM exercised its option under the retirement plan, and decided to retire Cercado effective at the end of business hours on February 15, 2001. A check of even date in the amount of P100,811.70, representing her retirement benefits under the regular retirement package, was issued to her. Cercado refused to accept the check.

UNIPROM nonetheless pursued its decision and Cercado was no longer given any work assignment after February 15, 2001. This prompted Cercado to file a complaint for illegal dismissal before the Labor Arbiter (LA), alleging, among others, that UNIPROM did not have a bona fide retirement plan, and that even if there was, she did not consent thereto.

For its part, respondent UNIPROM averred that Cercado was automatically covered by the retirement plan when she agreed to the companys rules and regulations, and that her retirement from service was a valid exercise of a management prerogative.

After submission of the parties position papers, the LA rendered a decision7cra1aw finding petitioner to be illegally dismissed. Respondent company was ordered to reinstate her with payment of full backwages.

The National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) affirmed the LAs decision, adding that there was no evidence that Cercado consented to the alleged retirement plan of UNIPROM or that she was notified thereof.8chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

On certiorari, the CA set aside the decisions of the LA and the NLRC. The decretal portion of the Decision reads:chanroblesvirtualawlibrary

WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The Decision of the Labor Arbiter and the assailed Resolutions of the NLRC are NULLIFIED and SET ASIDE. Judgment is hereby rendered declaring respondents retirement as valid and legal being in conformity with petitioners Retirement Plan.9chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

The CA ruled that UNIPROMs retirement plan was consistent with Article 287 of the Labor Code, which provides that "any employee may be retired upon reaching the retirement age established in the collective bargaining agreement or other applicable employment contract." The CA applied the doctrine laid down in Progressive Development Corporation v. NLRC10cra1aw wherein the phrase "may be retired" in Article 287 of the Labor Code was interpreted to mean that an option is given to an employer to retire an employee, and such option is within the discretion of the employer to exercise.

The CA further noted that Cercado cannot feign ignorance of the retirement plan considering that she was already working with the company when it took effect in 1980.

Cercado moved for reconsideration, but the same was denied.11cra1aw Hence, the instant recourse raising the following issues: 1) whether UNIPROM has a bona fide retirement plan; and 2) whether petitioner was validly retired pursuant thereto.

The petition is meritorious.

Retirement is the result of a bilateral act of the parties, a voluntary agreement between the employer and the employee whereby the latter, after reaching a certain age, agrees to sever his or her employment with the former.12chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

Article 287 of the Labor Code, as amended by R.A. No. 7641,13cra1aw pegs the age for compulsory retirement at 65 years, while the minimum age for optional retirement is set at 60 years. An employer is, however, free to impose a retirement age earlier than the foregoing mandates. This has been upheld in numerous cases14cra1aw as a valid exercise of management prerogative.

In this case, petitioner was retired by UNIPROM at the age of 47, after having served the company for 22 years, pursuant to UNIPROMs Employees Non-Contributory Retirement Plan,15cra1aw which provides that employees who have rendered at least 20 years of service may be retired at the option of the company. At first blush, respondents retirement plan can be expediently stamped with validity and justified under the all encompassing phrase "management prerogative," which is what the CA did. But the attendant circumstances in this case, vis-à-vis the factual milieu of the string of jurisprudence on this matter, impel us to take a deeper look.

In Pantranco North Express, Inc. v. NLRC,16cra1aw the Court upheld the retirement of private respondent pursuant to a Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) allowing Pantranco to compulsorily retire employees upon completing 25 years of service to the company. Interpreting Article 287, the Court ruled that the Labor Code permits employers and employees to fix the applicable retirement age lower than 60 years of age. The Court also held that there was no illegal dismissal involved, since it was the CBA itself that incorporated the agreement between the employer and the bargaining agent with respect to the terms and conditions of employment. Hence, when the private respondent ratified the CBA, he concurrently agreed to conform to and abide by its provisions. Thus, the Court stressed, "[p]roviding in a CBA for compulsory retirement of employees after twenty-five (25) years of service is legal and enforceable so long as the parties agree to be governed by such CBA."

Similarly, in Philippine Airlines, Inc. (PAL) v. Airline Pilots Association of the Philippines (APAP),17cra1aw the retirement plan contained in the CBA between PAL and APAP was declared valid. The Court explained that by their acceptance of the CBA, APAP and its members are obliged to abide by the commitments and limitations they had agreed to cede to management.

The foregoing pronouncements served as guiding principles in the recent Cainta Catholic School v. Cainta Catholic School Employees Union (CCSEU),18cra1aw wherein the compulsory retirement of two teachers was upheld as valid and consistent with the CBA provision allowing an employee to be retired by the school even before reaching the age of 60, provided that he/she had rendered 20 years of service.

In Progressive Development Corporation v. NLRC,19cra1aw although the retirement plan was not embodied in a CBA, its provisions were made known to the employees union. The validity of the retirement plan was sustained on the basis of the finding of the Director of the Bureau of Working Conditions of the Department of Labor and Employment that it was expressly made known to the employees and accepted by them.

It is axiomatic that a retirement plan giving the employer the option to retire its employees below the ages provided by law must be assented to and accepted by the latter, otherwise, its adhesive imposition will amount to a deprivation of property without due process of law.

In the above-discussed cases, the retirement plans in issue were the result of negotiations and eventual agreement between the employer and the employees. The plan was either embodied in a CBA, or established after consultations and negotiations with the employees bargaining representative. The consent of the employees to be retired even before the statutory retirement age of 65 years was thus clear and unequivocal.

Unfortunately, no similar situation obtains in the present case. In fact, not even an iota of voluntary acquiescence to UNIPROMs early retirement age option is attributable to petitioner.

The assailed retirement plan of UNIPROM is not embodied in a CBA or in any employment contract or agreement assented to by petitioner and her co-employees. On the contrary, UNIPROMs Employees Non-Contributory Retirement Plan was unilaterally and compulsorily imposed on them. This is evident in the following provisions of the 1980 retirement plan and its amended version in 2000:chanroblesvirtualawlibrary

ARTICLE III
ELIGIBILITY FOR PARTICIPATION

Section 1. Any regular employee, as of the Effective Date, shall automatically become a Participant in the Plan, provided the Employee was hired below age 60.

Verily, petitioner was forced to participate in the plan, and the only way she could have rejected the same was to resign or lose her job. The assailed CA Decision did not really make a finding that petitioner actually accepted and consented to the plan. The CA simply declared that petitioner was deemed aware of the retirement plan on account of the length of her employment with respondent. Implied knowledge, regardless of duration, cannot equate to the voluntary acceptance required by law in granting an early retirement age option to an employer. The law demands more than a passive acquiescence on the part of employees, considering that an employers early retirement age option involves a concession of the formers constitutional right to security of tenure.

We reiterate the well-established meaning of retirement in this jurisdiction: Retirement is the result of a bilateral act of the parties, a voluntary agreement between the employer and the employee whereby the latter, after reaching a certain age, agrees to sever his or her employment with the former.20chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

Acceptance by the employees of an early retirement age option must be explicit, voluntary, free, and uncompelled. While an employer may unilaterally retire an employee earlier than the legally permissible ages under the Labor Code, this prerogative must be exercised pursuant to a mutually instituted early retirement plan. In other words, only the implementation and execution of the option may be unilateral, but not the adoption and institution of the retirement plan containing such option. For the option to be valid, the retirement plan containing it must be voluntarily assented to by the employees or at least by a majority of them through a bargaining representative.

The following pronouncements in Jaculbe v. Silliman University21cra1aw are elucidating:chanroblesvirtualawlibrary

[A]n employer is free to impose a retirement age less than 65 for as long as it has the employees consent. Stated conversely, employees are free to accept the employers offer to lower the retirement age if they feel they can get a better deal with the retirement plan presented by the employer.

We disagree with the CAs conclusion that the retirement plan is part of petitioners employment contract with respondent. It must be underscored that petitioner was hired in 1978 or 2 years before the institution of UNIPROMs retirement plan in 1980. Logically, her employment contract did not include the retirement plan, much less the early retirement age option contained therein.

We also cannot subscribe to respondents submission that petitioners consent to the retirement plan may be inferred from her signature in the personnel action forms22cra1aw containing the phrase: "Employee hereby expressly acknowledges receipt of and undertakes to abide by the provisions of his/her Job Description, Company Code of Conduct and such other policies, guidelines, rules and regulations the company may prescribe."

It should be noted that the personnel action forms relate to the increase in petitioners salary at various periodic intervals. To conclude that her acceptance of the salary increases was also, simultaneously, a concurrence to the retirement plan would be tantamount to compelling her to agree to the latter. Moreover, voluntary and equivocal acceptance by an employee of an early retirement age option in a retirement plan necessarily connotes that her consent specifically refers to the plan or that she has at least read the same when she affixed her conformity thereto.

Hence, consistent with the Courts ruling in Jaculbe,23cra1aw having terminated petitioner merely on the basis of a provision in the retirement plan which was not freely assented to by her, UNIPROM is guilty of illegal dismissal. Petitioner is thus entitled to reinstatement without loss of seniority rights and to full backwages computed from the time of her illegal dismissal in February 16, 2001 until the actual date of her reinstatement. If reinstatement is no longer possible because the position that petitioner held no longer exists, UNIPROM shall pay backwages as computed above, plus, in lieu of reinstatement, separation pay equivalent to one-month pay for every year of service. This is consistent with the preponderance of jurisprudence24cra1aw relative to the award of separation pay in case reinstatement is no longer feasible.

WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The July 31, 2007 Decision and the May 26, 2009 Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA- G.R. SP No. 87508 are hereby REVERSED and SET ASIDE. The October 30, 2002 Decision of the Labor Arbiter is REINSTATED, with the MODIFICATION that the award of backwages shall be computed from the time of her illegal dismissal until the actual date of her reinstatement. If reinstatement is no longer possible because the position that petitioner held no longer exists, respondent UNIPROM shall pay backwages as computed above, plus, in lieu of reinstatement, separation pay equivalent to one-month pay for every year of service.

SO ORDERED.

ANTONIO EDUARDO B. NACHURA**
Associate Justice
Acting Chairperson

WE CONCUR:

PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, JR.*
Associate Justice

TERESITA J. LEONARDO-DE CASTRO***
Associate Justice
ARTURO D. BRION****
Associate Justice

JOSE CATRAL MENDOZA
Associate Justice

A T T E S T A T I O N

I attest that the conclusions in the above Decision had been reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Courts Division.

ANTONIO EDUARDO B. NACHURA
Associate Justice
Acting Chairperson, Second Division

C E R T I F I C A T I O N

Pursuant to Section 13, Article VIII of the Constitution and the Division Acting Chairperson's Attestation, I certify that the conclusions in the above Decision had been reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Courts Division.

RENATO C. CORONA
Chief Justice



cralaw Endnotes:

* Additional member in lieu of Associate Justice Antonio T. Carpio per Special Order No. 897 dated Setember 28, 2010.

** In lieu of Associate Justice Antonio T. Carpio per Special Order No. 898 date September 28, 2010.

*** Additional member in lieu of Associate Justice Roberto A. Abad per Special Order No. 905 dated October 5, 2010.

**** Additional member in lieu of Associate Justice Diosdado M. Peralta per Special Order No. 904 dated October 5, 2010.

1cra1aw RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, Rule 45.

2cra1aw Penned by Associate Justice Portia Aliño-Hormachuelos, with Associate Justices Lucas P. Bersamin (now a member of this Court) and Estela M. Perlas-Bernabe, concurring; rollo, pp. 59- 69.

3cra1aw Id. at 71-75.

4cra1aw Id. at 101-107.

5cra1aw An Act Amending Art. 287 of the Labor Code by Providing for Retirement Pay to Qualified Private Sector Employees in the Absence of any Retirement Plan in the Establishment.

6cra1aw Rollo, pp. 108-115.

7cra1aw Penned by Labor Arbiter Fedriel S. Panganiban on October 30, 2002; id. at 156-163.

8cra1aw Penned by Commissioner Tito F. Genilo, with Commissioners Lourdes C. Javier and Ernesto C. Verceles, concurring, dated July 2, 2004; id. at 195-208.

9cra1aw Supra note 2, at 68.

10cra1aw 398 Phil. 433 (2000).

11cra1aw Supra note 3.

12cra1aw Magdadaro v. Philippine National Bank, G.R. No. 166198, July 17, 2009, 593 SCRA 195, 199; Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corporation (URSUMCO) v. Caballeda, G.R. No. 156644, July 28, 2008, 560 SCRA 115, 132; Cainta Catholic School v. Cainta Catholic School Employees Union (CCSEU), G.R. No. 151021, May 4, 2006, 489 SCRA 468, 482; Ariola v. Philex Mining Corporation, 503 Phil. 765, 783 (2005); Pantranco North Express, Inc. v. NLRC, 328 Phil. 470, 482 (1996).

13cra1aw ART. 287. Retirement. Any employee may be retired upon reaching the retirement age established in the collective bargaining agreement or other applicable employment contract.

In case of retirement, the employee shall be entitled to receive such retirement benefits as he may have earned under existing laws and any collective bargaining agreement and other agreements: Provided, however, That an employee's retirement benefits under any collective bargaining and other agreements shall not be less than those provided therein.

In the absence of a retirement plan or agreement providing for retirement benefits of employees in the establishment, an employee upon reaching the age of sixty (60) years or more, but not beyond sixty-five (65) years which is hereby declared the compulsory retirement age, who has served at least five (5) years in the said establishment, may retire and shall be entitled to retirement pay equivalent to at least one-half (1/2) month salary for every year of service, a fraction of at least six (6) months being considered as one whole year. (Emphasis ours.)

14cra1aw Pantranco North Express, Inc. v. NLRC, supra note 12; Cainta Catholic School v. Cainta Catholic School Employees Union (CCSEU), supra note 12.

15cra1aw Supra note 6.

16cra1aw Supra note 12.

17cra1aw 424 Phil. 356 (2002).

18cra1aw Supra note 12.

19cra1aw Supra note 10.

20cra1aw Magdadaro v. Philippine National Bank, supra note 12; Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corporation (URSUMCO) v. Caballeda, supra note 12, at 132; Cainta Catholic School v. Cainta Catholic School Employees Union (CCSEU), supra note 12, at 482; Ariola v. Philex Mining Corporation, supra note 12, at 169; Pantranco North Express, Inc. v. NLRC, supra note 12.

21cra1aw G.R. No. 156934, March 16, 2007, 518 SCRA 445, 452.

22cra1aw Rollo, pp. 132-134.

23cra1aw Supra note 21.

24cra1aw Phil. Tobacco Flue-Curing & Redrying Corp. v. NLRC, 360 Phil. 218 (1998); Gaco v. NLRC, G.R. No. 104690, February 23, 1994, 230 SCRA 260; Grolier International, Inc. v. Executive Labor Arbiter Amansec, 257 Phil. 1050 (1989).




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  • A.M. No. 10-10-4-SC : October 19, 2010 Re: Letter of the UP Law Faculty entitled "Restoring Integrity: A Statement by the Faculty of the University of the Philippines College of Law on the Allegations of Plagiarism and Misrepresentation in the Supreme Court."

  • G.R. No. 190108 : October 19, 2010 DAVID E. SO, on behalf of his daughter MARIA ELENA SO GUISANDE, Petitioner, v. HON. ESTEBAN A. TACLA, JR., Regional Trial Court of Mandaluyong City, Branch 208; and DR. BERNARDO A. VICENTE, National Center for Mental Health, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 166910 : October 19, 2010 ERNESTO B. FRANCISCO, JR. and JOSE MA. O. HIZON, Petitioners, v. TOLL REGULATORY BOARD, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION, MANILA NORTH TOLLWAYS CORPORATION, BENPRES HOLDINGS CORPORATION, FIRST PHILIPPINE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, TOLLWAY MANAGEMENT CORPORATION, PNCC SKYWAY CORPORATION, CITRA METRO MANILA TOLLWAYS CORPORATION and HOPEWELL CROWN INFRASTRUCTURE, INC., Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 169917 HON. IMEE R. MARCOS, RONALDO B. ZAMORA, CONSUMERS UNION OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC., QUIRINO A. MARQUINEZ, HON. LUIS A. ASISTIO, HON. ERICO BASILIO A. FABIAN, HON. RENATO "KA RENE" B. MAGTUBO, HON. RODOLFO G. PLAZA, HON. ANTONIO M. SERAPIO, HON. EMMANUEL JOEL J. VILLANUEVA, HON. ANIBAN NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA AGRIKULTURA (AMA), INC., ANIBAN NG MGA MAGSASAKA, MANGINGISDA AT MANGGAGAWA SA AGRIKULTURA-KATIPUNAN, INC., KAISAHAN NG MGA MAGSASAKA SA AGRIKULTURA, INC., KILUSAN NG MANGAGAWANG MAKABAYAN, Petitioners, v. The REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, acting by and through the TOLL REGULATORY BOARD, MANILA NORTH TOLLWAYS CORPORATION, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION, and FIRST PHILIPPINE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORP., Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 173630 GISING KABATAAN MOVEMENT, INC., BARANGAY COUNCIL OF SAN ANTONIO, MUNICIPALITY OF SAN PEDRO, LAGUNA [as Represented by COUNCILOR CARLON G. AMBAYEC], and YOUNG PROFESSIONALS AND ENTREPRENEURS OF SAN PEDRO, LAGUNA Petitioners, v. THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, acting through the TOLL REGULATORY BOARD (TRB), PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION (PNCC), Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 183599 THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, represented by the TOLL REGULATORY BOARD, Petitioner, v. YOUNG PROFESSIONALS AND ENTREPRENEURS OF SAN PEDRO, LAGUNA, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 187032 : October 18, 2010 EDGARDO M. PANGANIBAN, Petitioner, v. TARA TRADING SHIPMANAGEMENT INC. AND SHINLINE SDN BHD, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 187116 : October 18, 2010 ASSET BUILDERS CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. STRONGHOLD INSURANCE COMPANY, INCORPORATED, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 191394 : October 18, 2010 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARIA POLITICO y TICALA and EWINIE POLITICO y PALMA, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 170073 : October 18, 2010 SPOUSES RAMY and ZENAIDA PUDADERA, Petitioners, v. IRENEO MAGALLANES and the late DAISY TERESA CORTEL MAGALLANES substituted by her children, NELLY M. MARQUEZ, ELISEO MAGALLANES and ANGEL MAGALLANES, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 164757 : October 18, 2010 CEBU METRO PHARMACY, INC., Petitioner, v. EURO-MED LABORATORIES, PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 159230 : October 18, 2010 B.E. SAN DIEGO, INC., Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS and JOVITA MATIAS, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 189859 : October 18, 2010 PIO MODESTO and CIRILA RIVERA-MODESTO, Petitioners, v. CARLOS URBINA, substituted by the heirs of OLYMPIA MIGUEL VDA. DE URBINA (Surviving Spouse) and children, namely: ESCOLASTICA M. URBINA, ET AL., Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 170375 : October 13, 2010 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. HON. MAMINDIARA P. MANGOTARA, in his capacity as Presiding Judge of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 1, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte, and MARIA CRISTINA FERTILIZER CORPORATION, and the PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Respondents, G.R. No. 170505 LAND TRADE REALTY CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION and NATIONAL TRANSMISSION CORPORATION (TRANSCO), Respondents, G.R. Nos. 173355-56 NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. HON. COURT OF APPEALS (Special Twenty-Third Division, Cagayan de Oro City), and LAND TRADE REALTY CORPORATION, Respondents, G.R. No. 173401 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. DEMETRIA CACHO, represented by alleged Heirs DEMETRIA CONFESOR VIDAL and/or TEOFILO CACHO, AZIMUTH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION and LAND TRADE REALTY CORPORATION, Respondents.cralaw G.R. Nos. 173563-64 NATIONAL TRANSMISSION CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. HON. COURT OF APPEALS (Special Twenty-Third Division, Cagayan de Oro City), and LAND TRADE REALTY CORPORATION as represented by Atty. Max C. Tabimina, Respondents, G.R. No. 178779 LAND TRADE REALTY CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. DEMETRIA CONFESOR VIDAL and AZIMUTH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents, G.R. No. 178894 TEOFILO CACHO and/or ATTY. GODOFREDO CABILDO, Petitioner, v. DEMETRIA CONFESOR VIDAL and AZIMUTH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.crala

  • G.R. No. 172394 : October 13, 2010 H. TAMBUNTING PAWNSHOP, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.cra

  • G.R. No. 191254 : October 13, 2010 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROEL "RUEL" SALLY, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 184041 : October 13, 2010 ANICETO G. SALUDO, JR., Petitioner, v. SECURITY BANK CORPORATION, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 184036 : October 13, 2010 PACIFIC REHOUSE CORPORATION, PACIFIC CONCORDE CORPORATION, MIZPAH HOLDINGS, INC., FORUM HOLDINGS CORPORATION, and EAST ASIA OIL COMPANY,INC., Petitioners, v. EIB SECURITIES, INC., Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 175862 : October 13, 2010 REAL BANK, INC., Petitioner, v. SAMSUNG MABUHAY CORPORATION, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 173342 : October 13, 2010 ZAMBOANGA FOREST MANAGERS CORP., Petitioner, v. NEW PACIFIC TIMBER AND SUPPLY CO., ET AL., Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 161431 : October 13, 2010 CALIBRE TRADERS, INC., MARIO SISON SEBASTIAN, and MINDA BLANCO SEBASTIAN, Petitioners, v. BAYER PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 185814 : October 13, 2010 SHS PERFORATED MATERIALS, INC., WINFRIED HARTMANNSHENN, and HINRICH JOHANN SCHUMACHER, Petitioners, v. MANUEL F. DIAZ, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 173822 : October 13, 2010 SALVADOR ATIZADO and SALVADOR MONREAL, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 157802 : October 13, 2010 MATLING INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL CORPORATION, RICHARD K. SPENCER, CATHERINE SPENCER, AND ALEX MANCILLA, Petitioners, v. RICARDO R. COROS, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.M. No. RTJ-05-1924 : October 13, 2010 (Formerly A.M. No. 04-10-568-RTC) RE: CASES SUBMITTED FOR DECISION BEFORE JUDGE DAMASO A. HERRERA, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 24, BIAN, LAGUNA.

  • G.R. No. 188154 : October 13, 2010 LOURDES A. CERCADO, Petitioner, v. UNIPROM, INC., Respondent.cra

  • G.R. No. 183404 : October 13, 2010 BERRIS AGRICULTURAL CO., INC., Petitioner, v. NORVY ABYADANG, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 180699 : October 13, 2010 BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. LABOR ARBITER RODERICK JOSEPH CALANZA, SHERIFF ENRICO Y. PAREDES, AMELIA ENRIQUEZ, and REMO L. SIA, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 177881 : October 13, 2010 EMMANUEL C. VILLANUEVA, Petitioner, v. CHERDAN LENDING INVESTORS CORPORATION, Respondent.cra

  • G.R. No. 173463 : October 13, 2010 GLOBAL BUSINESS HOLDINGS, INC. (formerly Global Business Bank, Inc.), Petitioner, v. SURECOMP SOFTWARE, B.V., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 177279 : October 13, 2010 COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. HON. RAUL M. GONZALEZ, Secretary of Justice, L. M. CAMUS ENGINEERING CORPORATION (represented by LUIS M. CAMUS and LINO D. MENDOZA), Respondents.crala

  • A.M. No. RTJ-07-2076 : October 12, 2010 OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALBERTO L. LERMA, Respondent.cralaw A.M. No. RTJ-07-2077 ATTY. LOURDES A. ONA, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALBERTO L. LERMA, Respondent.cralaw A.M. No. RTJ-07-2078 JOSE MARI L. DUARTE, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALBERTO L. LERMA, Respondent.cralaw A.M. No. RTJ-07-2079 RET. GENERAL MELITON D. GOYENA, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALBERTO L. LERMA, Respondent.cralaw A.M. No. RTJ-07-2080 OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALBERTO L. LERMA, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.M. No. 10-7-17-SC : October 15, 2010 IN THE MATTER OF THE CHARGES OF PLAGIARISM, ETC., AGAINST ASSOCIATE JUSTICE MARIANO C. DEL CASTILLO.

  • G.R. No. 174066 : October 12, 2010 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ERNESTO NARZABAL y CASTELO, JR., Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 164195 : October 12, 2010 APO FRUITS CORPORATION and HIJO PLANTATION, INC., Petitioners, v. LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.M. No. P-09-2735 : October 12, 2010 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 07-2614-P) LEVI M. ARGOSO, Complainant, v. ACHILLES ANDREW REGALADO II, Sheriff IV, Regional Trial Court, Office of the Clerk of Court, Naga City, Respondent.cr

  • A.M. No. P-06-2287 : October 12, 2010 [Formerly A.M. No. 06-11391-MTC] OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. MARCELA V. SANTOS, CLERK OF COURT II, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT, SAN LEONARDO, NUEVA ECIJA, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.C. No. 2655 : October 12, 2010 LEONARD W. RICHARDS, Complainant, v. PATRICIO A. ASOY, Respondent.cral

  • G.R. No. 184952 : October 11, 2010 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. MARIANITO GONZAGA y JOMAYA, Appellant.

  • G.R. NO. 177127 : October 11, 2010 J.R.A. PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 192473 : October 11, 2010 S.I.P. FOOD HOUSE and MR. and MRS. ALEJANDRO PABLO, Petitioners, v. RESTITUTO BATOLINA, ALMER CALUMPISAN, ARIES MALGAPO, ARMANDO MALGAPO, FLORDELIZA MATIAS, PERCIVAL MATIAS, ARWIN MIRANDA, LOPE MATIAS, RAMIL MATIAS, ALLAN STA. INES, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 156038 : October 11, 2010 SPOUSES VICTORIANO CHUNG and DEBBIE CHUNG, Petitioners, v. ULANDAY CONSTRUCTION, INC.,*cra1aw Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192916 : October 11, 2010 MANUEL A. ECHAVEZ, Petitioner, v. DOZEN CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION and THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF CEBU CITY, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 190804 : October 11, 2010 PHILIPPINE TRANSMARINE CARRIERS, INC., GLOBAL NAVIGATION, LTD., Petitioners, v. SILVINO A. NAZAM, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 182953 : October 11, 2010 CORAZON D. SARMIENTA, JOSE DERAMA, CATES RAMA, JOSIE MIWA, TOTO NOLASCO, JESUS OLIQUINO, NORBERTO LOPEZ, RUBEN ESPOSO, BERNARDO FLORESCA, MARINA DIMATALO, ROBLE DIMANDAKO, RICARDO PE�A, EDUARDO ESPINO, ANTONIO GALLEGOS, VICTOR SANDOVAL, FELICITAS ABRANTES, MERCY CRUZ, ROSENDO ORGANO, RICKY BARENO, ANITA TAKSAGON, JOSIE RAMA and PABLO DIMANDAKO, Petitioners, v. MANALITE HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION, INC. (MAHA), Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 178551 : October 11, 2010 ATCI OVERSEAS CORPORATION, AMALIA G. IKDAL and MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH-KUWAIT Petitioners, v. MA. JOSEFA ECHIN, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 171685 : October 11, 2010 LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. GLENN Y. ESCANDOR, GEROME Y. ESCANDOR, EMILIO D. ESCANDOR and VIOLETA YAP, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 171365 : October 6, 2010 ERMELINDA C. MANALOTO, AURORA J. CIFRA, FLORDELIZA J. ARCILLA, LOURDES J. CATALAN, ETHELINDA J. HOLT, BIENVENIDO R. JONGCO, ARTEMIO R. JONGCO, JR. and JOEL JONGCO, Petitioners, v. ISMAEL VELOSO III, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 163091 : October 6, 2010 COCA-COLA BOTTLERS PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. ANGEL U. DEL VILLAR, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 152866 : October 6, 2010 THE HEIRS OF ROMANA SAVES, namely: FIDELA ALMAIDA, EMILIANO ALMAIDA, JESUS ALMAIDA, CATALINA ALMAIDA, ALFREDO RAMOS, GINA RAMOS, LUZ ALMAIDA, ANITA ALMAIDA, PETRA GENERAL, EDNA GENERAL, ESTHER ALMAIDA, DIONISIA ALMAIDA, CORNELIA ALMAIDA, FELIMON ALMAIDA (represented by SINFROSA ALMAIDA); The Heirs of RAFAELA SAVES, namely: JULIANA DIZON, HILARIA DIZON, JOVENCIO DIZON, MAURA DIZON, BABY DIZON & ULDARICO AMISTOSO (represented by ULDARICO AMISTOSO); The Heirs of JANUARIA SAVES, namely: FELICIDAD MARTINEZ, MARLOU MARTINEZ, ROWENA MARTINEZ, BABY LOU MARTINEZ, BOBERT MARTINEZ, JERRY MARTINEZ (represented by FELICIDAD MARTINEZ); The Heirs of MAXIMO SAVES, namely: ELPIDIO AMIGO, CELESTINA DEMETRIA AMIGO, MEREN (daughter of SEVERA SAVES), FRUTO ROSARIO (represented by ELPIDIO AMIGO); The Heirs of BENEDICTA SAVES, namely: AUTEMIA JUCOM, CATALINA JUCOM, DOLORES JUCOM, SERGIA JUCOM, BENEDICTA JUCOM, JOSEFINA JUCOM, FLORDIVIDA REMETILLO, FELINA REMETILLO and ANNA MARIE REMETILLO, (represented by AUTEMIA JUCOM), Petitioners, v. THE HEIRS OF ESCOLASTICO SAVES, namely: REMEDIOS SAVES-ADAMOS, LUZ SAVES-HERNANDEZ and DODONG SAVES, and ENRIQUETA CHAVES-ABELLA, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 186652 : October 6, 2010 ATTY. ALICE ODCHIGUE-BONDOC, Petitioner, v. TAN TIONG BIO A.K.A. HENRY TAN, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 168313 : October 6, 2010 BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. HON. COURT OF APPEALS, HON. ROMEO BARZA, in his capacity as the Presiding Judge of the Regional Trial Court of Makati City, Br. 61, FIRST UNION GROUP ENTERPRISES and LINDA WU HU, Respondents.cralaw

  • A.M. No. P-06-2221 : October 5, 2010 (Formerly A.M. No. 06-7-215-MTCC) OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. RODELIO E. MARCELO and MA. CORAZON D. ESPA�OLA, MTCC, SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY, BULACAN, Respondents.cralaw

  • A.M. No. MTJ-05-1580 : October 6, 2010 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 04-1608-MTJ] LOURDES B. FERRER and PROSPERIDAD M. ARANDEZ, Complainants, v. JUDGE ROMEO A. RABACA, Metropolitan Trial Court, Branch 25, Manila, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.M. No. MTJ-10-1769 : October 6, 2010 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 09-2145-MTJ] EDUARDO B. OLAGUER, Complainant, v. JUDGE ALFREDO D. AMPUAN, Metropolitan Trial Court, Branch 33, Quezon City, Respondent.cralaw

  • A.M. No. MTJ-09-1738 : October 6, 2010 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 08-2033-MTJ) CIRILA S. RAYMUNDO, Complainant, v. JUDGE TERESITO A. ANDOY, Municipal Trial Court (MTC), Cainta, Rizal, Respondent.cra

  • G.R. No. 188650 : October 6, 2010 OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, Petitioner, v. PRISCILLA S. CORDOVA, Deputy Collector for Assessment, Bureau of Customs, Respondent.cralaw G.R. No. 187166 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE-REVENUE INTEGRITY PROTECTION SERVICE (DOF-RIPS) AND COMMISSIONER NAPOLEON MORALES, Petitioners, v. PRISCILLA S. CORDOVA, Deputy Collector for Assessment, Bureau of Customs, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 179543 : October 6, 2010 CAMPER REALTY CORP., Petitioner, v. MARIA NENA PAJO-REYES represented by her Attorney-in-Fact Eliseo B. Ballao, AUGUSTO P. BAJADO, RODOLFO PAJO and GODOFREDO PAJO, JR., Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 171980 : October 6, 2010 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. OLIVE RUBIO MAMARIL, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 185020 : October 6, 2010 FILOMENA R. BENEDICTO, Petitioner, v. ANTONIO VILLAFLORES, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 180687 : October 6, 2010 ESMERALDO C. ROMULLO, PEDRO MANGUNDAYAO, MAXIMO ANES, ELVIRA BONZA, ROBERTO BELARMINO, TELESPORO GARCIA, BETH ZAIDA GIMENEZ, CELSO LIBRANDO, MICHAEL DELA CRUZ, and ROBERTO ARAWAG, Petitioners, v. SAMAHANG MAGKAKAPITBAHAY NG BAYANIHAN COMPOUND HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION, INC., represented by its President, PAQUITO QUITALIG, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 153998 : October 6, 2010 JORGE L. TIANGCO, THE HEIRS OF ENRIQUE L. TIANGCO, GLORIA T. BATUNGBACAL, NARCISO L. TIANGCO and SILVINO L. TIANGCO, Petitioners, v. LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 176479 : October 6, 2010 RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. PEDRO P. BUENAVENTURA, Respondent.cra

  • G.R. No. 161934 : October 6, 2010 VARORIENT SHIPPING CO., INC., and.,d ARIA MARITIME CO., LTD., Petitioners, v. GIL A. FLORES, Respondent.cr

  • G.R. No. 190381 : October 6, 2010 COCA-COLA BOTTLERS PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. RODRIGO MERCADO, ANTONIO VILLERO, LUISITO MANTIBE, MARCELO FABIAN, EDMUNDO YALUNG, EDILBERTO GUEVARRA, MICHAEL GUICO, ANGEL FERNANDO, ERNESTO DELA CRUZ, EFREN FERNANDO, ROBERTO TORRES, JIMMY DUNGO, WILLY OCAMPO, SANDRO DIZON, ALLAN OCAMPO, CARLITO MANABAT, CARLITO SINGIAN, JAY MANABAT, ERIC AQUINO, RODRIGO DAVID, NICOLAS LUQUIAZ,* LUCIO MANTIBE, PRUDENCIO PALALON, RAFAEL CABRERA, ROMMER SINGIAN,** ROGELIO MALIT, ALVIN ANDAYA, EMERITO B. DUNGCA, ALMIRANTE GORAL,*** AND NICOLAS CURA, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 169067 : October 6, 2010 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. ANGELO B. MALABANAN, PABLO B. MALABANAN, GREENTHUMB REALTY AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION and THE REGISTRAR OF DEEDS OF BATANGAS, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 184823 : October 6, 2010 COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. AICHI FORGING COMPANY OF ASIA, INC., Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 175573 : October 5, 2010 OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, Petitioner, v. JOEL S. SAMANIEGO1cra1aw , Respondent.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 184769 : October 5, 2010 MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY, ALEXANDER S. DEYTO and RUBEN A. SAPITULA, Petitioners, v. ROSARIO GOPEZ LIM, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. CA-10-50-J : October 5, 2010 [formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 09-152-CA-J] 3-D INDUSTRIES, INC. and SMARTNET PHILIPPINES, INC. Complainants, v. JUSTICES VICENTE Q. ROXAS and JUAN Q. ENRIQUEZ, JR., Respondents.cralaw

  • A.M. No. P-06-2221 : October 5, 2010 (Formerly A.M. No. 06-7-215-MTCC) OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. RODELIO E. MARCELO and MA. CORAZON D. ESPA�OLA, MTCC, SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY, BULACAN, Respondents.cralaw

  • G.R. No. 178552 : October 5, 2010 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE ENGAGEMENT NETWORK, INC., on behalf of the South-South Network (SSN) for Non-State Armed Group Engagement, and ATTY. SOLIMAN M. SANTOS, JR., Petitioners, v. ANTI-TERRORISM COUNCIL, THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE SECRETARY OF JUSTICE, THE SECRETARY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, THE SECRETARY OF FINANCE, THE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER, THE CHIEF OF STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES, AND THE CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 178554 KILUSANG MAYO UNO (KMU), represented by its Chairperson Elmer Labog, NATIONAL FEDERATION OF LABOR UNIONS-KILUSANG MAYO UNO (NAFLU-KMU), represented by its National President Joselito V. Ustarez and Secretary General Antonio C. Pascual, and CENTER FOR TRADE UNION AND HUMAN RIGHTS, represented by its Executive Director Daisy Arago,Petitioners, v. HON. EDUARDO ERMITA, in his capacity as Executive Secretary, NORBERTO GONZALES, in his capacity as Acting Secretary of National Defense, HON. RAUL GONZALES, in his capacity as Secretary of Justice, HON. RONALDO PUNO, in his capacity as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government, GEN. HERMOGENES ESPERON, in his capacity as AFP Chief of Staff, and DIRECTOR GENERAL OSCAR CALDERON, in his capacity as PNP Chief of Staff, Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 178581 BAGONG ALYANSANG MAKABAYAN (BAYAN), GENERAL ALLIANCE BINDING WOMEN FOR REFORMS, INTEGRITY, EQUALITY, LEADERSHIP AND ACTION (GABRIELA), KILUSANG MAGBUBUKID NG PILIPINAS (KMP), MOVEMENT OF CONCERNED CITIZENS FOR CIVIL LIBERTIES (MCCCL), CONFEDERATION FOR UNITY, RECOGNITION AND ADVANCEMENT OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES (COURAGE), KALIPUNAN NG DAMAYANG MAHIHIRAP (KADAMAY), SOLIDARITY OF CAVITE WORKERS, LEAGUE OF FILIPINO STUDENTS (LFS), ANAKBAYAN, PAMBANSANG LAKAS NG KILUSANG MAMAMALAKAYA (PAMALAKAYA), ALLIANCE OF CONCERNED TEACHERS (ACT), MIGRANTE, HEALTH ALLIANCE FOR DEMOCRACY (HEAD), AGHAM, TEOFISTO GUINGONA, JR., DR. BIENVENIDO LUMBERA, RENATO CONSTANTINO, JR., SISTER MARY JOHN MANANSAN OSB, DEAN CONSUELO PAZ, ATTY. JOSEFINA LICHAUCO, COL. GERRY CUNANAN (ret.), CARLITOS SIGUION-REYNA, DR. CAROLINA PAGADUAN-ARAULLO, RENATO REYES, DANILO RAMOS, EMERENCIANA DE LESUS, RITA BAUA, REY CLARO CASAMBRE, Petitioners, v. GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in her capacity as President and Commander-in-Chief, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY EDUARDO ERMITA, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SECRETARY RAUL GONZALES, DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS SECRETARY ALBERTO ROMULO, DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTING SECRETARY NORBERTO GONZALES, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECRETARY RONALDO PUNO. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE SECRETARY MARGARITO TEVES, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER NORBERTO GONZALES, THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE COORDINATING AGENCY (NICA), THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI), THE BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION, THE OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE, THE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES (ISAFP), THE ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COUNCIL (AMLC), THE PHILIPPINE CENTER ON TRANSNATIONAL CRIME, THE CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE GEN. OSCAR CALDERON, THE PNP, including its intelligence and investigative elements, AFP CHIEF GEN. HERMOGENES ESPERON, Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 178890 KARAPATAN, ALLIANCE FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF PEOPLE'S RIGHTS, represented herein by Dr. Edelina de la Paz, and representing the following organizations: HUSTISYA, represented by Evangeline Hernandez and also on her own behalf; DESAPARECIDOS, represented by Mary Guy Portajada and also on her own behalf, SAMAHAN NG MGA EX-DETAINEES LABAN SA DETENSYON AT PARA SA AMNESTIYA (SELDA), represented by Donato Continente and also on his own behalf, ECUMENICAL MOVEMENT FOR JUSTICE AND PEACE (EMJP), represented by Bishop Elmer M. Bolocon, UCCP, and PROMOTION OF CHURCH PEOPLE'S RESPONSE, represented by Fr. Gilbert Sabado, OCARM, Petitioners, v. GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in her capacity as President and Commander-in-Chief, EXECUTIVE SECRETARTY EDUARDO ERMITA, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SECRETARY RAUL GONZALEZ, DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS SECRETARY ALBERTO ROMULO, DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTING SECRETARY NORBERTO GONZALES, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECRETARY RONALDO PUNO, DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE SECRETARY MARGARITO TEVES, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER NORBERTO GONZALES, THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE COORDINATING AGENCY (NICA), THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI), THE BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION, THE OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE, THE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES (ISAFP), THE ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COUNCIL (AMLC), THE PHILIPPINE CENTER ON TRANSNATIONAL CRIME, THE CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE GEN. OSCAR CALDERON, THE PNP, including its intelligence and investigative elements, AFP CHIEF GEN. HERMOGENES ESPERON, Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 179157 THE INTEGRATED BAR OF THE PHILIPPINES (IBP), represented by Atty. Feliciano M. Bautista, COUNSELS FOR THE DEFENSE OF LIBERTY (CODAL), SEN. MA. ANA CONSUELO A.S. MADRIGAL and FORMER SENATORS SERGIO OSME�A III and WIGBERTO E. TA�ADA, Petitioners, v. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY EDUARDO ERMITA AND THE MEMBERS OF THE ANTI-TERRORISM COUNCIL (ATC), Respondents.cralaw G.R. No. 179461 BAGONG ALYANSANG MAKABAYAN-SOUTHERN TAGALOG (BAYAN-ST), GABRIELA-ST, KATIPUNAN NG MGA SAMAHYANG MAGSASAKA-TIMOG KATAGALUGAN (KASAMA-TK), MOVEMENT OF CONCERNED CITIZENS FOR CIVIL LIBERTIES (MCCCL), PEOPLES MARTYRS, ANAKBAYAN-ST, PAMALAKAYA-ST, CONFEDERATION FOR UNITY, RECOGNITION AND ADVANCEMENT OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES (COURAGE-ST), PAGKAKAISA'T UGNAYAN NG MGA MAGBUBUKID SA LAGUNA (PUMALAG), SAMAHAN NG MGA MAMAMAYAN SA TABING RILES (SMTR-ST), LEAGUE OF FILIPINO STUDENTS (LFS), BAYAN MUNA-ST, KONGRESO NG MGA MAGBUBUKID PARA SA REPORMANG AGRARYO KOMPRA, BIGKIS AT LAKAS NG MGA KATUTUBO SA TIMOG KATAGALUGAN (BALATIK), SAMAHAN AT UGNAYAN NG MGA MAGSASAKANG KABABAIHAN SA TIMOG KATAGALUGAN (SUMAMAKA-TK), STARTER, LOS�OS RURAL POOR ORGANIZATION FOR PROGRESS & EQUALITY, CHRISTIAN NI�O LAJARA, TEODORO REYES, FRANCESCA B. TOLENTINO, JANNETTE E. BARRIENTOS, OSCAR T. LAPIDA, JR., DELFIN DE CLARO, SALLY P. ASTRERA, ARNEL SEGUNE BELTRAN, Petitioners, v. GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in her capacity as President and Commander-in-Chief, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY EDUARDO ERMITA, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SECRETARY RAUL GONZALEZ, DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS SECRETARY ALBERTO ROMULO, DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTING SECRETARY NORBERTO GONZALES, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMEN T SECRETARY RONALDO PUNO, DEPARTMENT OF FINCANCE SECRETARY MARGARITO TEVES, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER NORBERTO GONZALES, THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE COORDINATING AGENCY (NICA), THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI), THE BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION, THE OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE, THE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES (ISAFP), THE ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COUNCIL (AMLC), THE PHILIPPINE CENTER ON TRANSNATIONAL CRIME, THE CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE GEN. OSCAR CALDERON, THE PNP, including its intelligence and investigative elements, AFP CHIEF GEN. HERMOGENES ESPERON, Respondents.cralaw

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