Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2010 > September 2010 Decisions > [G.R. No. 164913 : September 08, 2010] ST. MARY'S ACADEMY OF DIPOLOG CITY, PETITIONER, VS. TERESITA PALACIO, MARIGEN CALIBOD, LEVIE LAQUIO, ELAINE MARIE SANTANDER, ELIZA SAILE, AND MA. DOLORES MONTEDERAMOS, RESPONDENTS.:




FIRST DIVISION

[G.R. No. 164913 : September 08, 2010]

ST. MARY'S ACADEMY OF DIPOLOG CITY, PETITIONER, VS. TERESITA PALACIO, MARIGEN CALIBOD, LEVIE LAQUIO, ELAINE MARIE SANTANDER, ELIZA SAILE, AND MA. DOLORES MONTEDERAMOS, RESPONDENTS.

D E C I S I O N


DEL CASTILLO, J.:

The Court will not hesitate to defend the workers' constitutional right to security of tenure.  After all, the interest of the workers is paramount as they are regarded with compassion under the policy of social justice.

By this Petition for Review on Certiorari,[1] petitioner St. Mary's Academy of Dipolog City (petitioner) assails the Decision[2] dated September 24, 2003 and Resolution[3] dated August 16, 2004 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 67691, which affirmed with modification the Resolution[4] of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC), dated April 30, 2001 holding the dismissal of respondents Teresita Palacio (Palacio), Marigen Calibod (Calibod), Levie Laquio (Laquio), Elaine Marie Santander (Santander), Eliza Saile (Saile), and Ma. Dolores Montederamos (Montederamos) as illegal, as well as the Resolution[5] dated August 31, 2001 denying the motion for reconsideration.

Factual Antecedents

On different dates in the late 1990's, petitioner hired respondents Calibod, Laquio, Santander, Saile and Montederamos, as classroom teachers, and respondent Palacio, as guidance counselor.  In separate letters dated March 31, 2000,[6] however, petitioner informed them that their re-application for school year 2000-2001 could not be accepted because they failed to pass the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET).  According to petitioner, as non-board passers, respondents could not continue practicing their teaching profession pursuant to the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) Memorandum No. 10, S. 1998[7] which requires incumbent teachers to register as professional teachers pursuant to Section 27[8] of Republic Act (RA) No. 7836, otherwise known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994.[9]

Together with four other classroom teachers namely Gail Josephine Padilla (Padilla), Virgilio Andalahao (Andalahao), Alma Decipulo (Decipulo),[10] and Marlynn Palacio,[11] who were similarly dismissed by petitioner on the same ground, respondents filed a complaint contesting their termination as highly irregular and premature.  They admitted that they are indeed non-board passers, however, they also argued that their security of tenure could not simply be trampled upon for their failure to register with the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) or to pass the LET prior to the deadline set by RA 7836.  Further, as the aforesaid law provides for exceptions to the taking of examination, they opined that their outright dismissal was illegal because some of them possessed civil service eligibilities and special permits to teach.  Furthermore, petitioner's retention and acceptance of other teachers who do not also possess the required eligibility showed evident bad faith in terminating respondents.

Petitioner, on the other hand, maintained that it had repeatedly informed respondents of their obligation to comply with the mandate of the Memorandum issued by DECS by passing the LET to be eligible as a registered professional teacher.  While the DECS Memorandum, pursuant to PRC Resolution No. 600, S. 1997,[12] fixed the deadline for teachers to register on September 19, 2000,[13] petitioner claimed that it decided to terminate their services as early as March 31, 2000 because it would be prejudicial to the school if their services will be terminated in the middle of the school year.

Ruling of the Labor Arbiter

On September 22, 2000, the Labor Arbiter adjudged petitioner guilty of illegal dismissal because it terminated the services of the respondents on March 31, 2000 which was clearly prior to the September 19, 2000 deadline fixed by PRC for the registration of teachers as professional teachers, in violation of the doctrine regarding the prospective application of laws.  Thus, petitioner was ordered to reinstate the respondents or to pay them separation pay at the rate of ½ month wage for every year of service, plus limited backwages covering the period from March 31, 2000 to September 30, 2000.  The dispositive portion of the Labor Arbiter's Decision reads as follows:

WHEREFORE, anchored on the foregoing premises, judgment is hereby rendered:

1.) that respondent's act of having terminated the complainants' employment is in fact and in law illegal, as it is not founded on any of the restricted just and authorized causes provided for by law[,] hence, entitling complainants to the right of reinstatement and backwages in accordance with the mandate of Article 279 of the Labor Code of the Philippines. In this case, however, separation pay is hereby directed against respondent together with the payment of limited backwages, as particularly reflected in paragraph "2" hereof;

2.) ordering respondent St. Mary's Academy to pay complainants their separation pay and limited backwages, particularly indicated as follows:

A.) Teresita Palacio:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  11,250.90;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
27,002.16;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  38,253.06;
B.)  Gail Josephine Padilla:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  15,456.45;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
26,512.20;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  41,977.65;
C.)  Marigen Calibod:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  8,837.40;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
26,512.20;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  35,349.60;
D.)  Levei Laquio:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  11,378.15;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
27,307.56;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  38,685.71;
E.) 
Elaine Marie Santander:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  8,837.40;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
26,512.20;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  35,349.60;
F.)  Virgilio Andalahao:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  6,435.00;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
25,740.00;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32,175.00;
G.)  Alma Decipulo:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  6,435.00;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
25,740.00;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  32,175.00;
H.)
�Eliza Saile:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P 19,313.72;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
28,970.58;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P 48,284.30;
I.)  Marlynn Palacio:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  4,290.00;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
25,740.00;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  30,030.00; 
and
J.) Ma. Dolores Montederamos:
a.)  Separation pay . . . . . . . . .
P  18,205.04;
b.)  Limited backwages . . . . .
27,307.56;
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P  45,512.60;
and


3.) dismissing all other money claims of complainants for lack of merit.

SO ORDERED.[14]

Ruling of the National Labor Relations Commission

Both parties appealed to the NLRC.  In its Memorandum of Appeal,[15] petitioner insisted on the validity of respondents' termination from service, such act being in compliance with RA 7836 and in accordance with DECS Memorandum No. 10, S. 1998.  Respondents, for their part, did not question the merits of the Labor Arbiter's Decision but prayed for the refund of their retirement contribution and payment of attorney's fees.

The NLRC, in its Resolution[16] dated April 30, 2001, denied both appeals.  In affirming the Labor Arbiter's Decision, it held that the grounds relied upon by petitioner to dismiss respondents are not among those enumerated by the Labor Code and that respondents are regular employees, thus cannot be removed unless for cause. The NLRC did not grant respondents' demand for the refund of their retirement contribution because this was not alleged in the original complaint as well as their prayer for attorney's fees since this case is not one for collection of unlawfully withheld wages.

In a subsequent Resolution dated August 31, 2001,[17] the NLRC likewise denied petitioner's Motion for Reconsideration,[18] reiterating that it cannot sustain petitioner's premature implementation of relevant laws and regulations.

Ruling of the Court of Appeals

Petitioner, then, elevated the case to the CA via a petition for certiorari.[19] The CA agreed with the findings of both the Labor Arbiter and the NLRC that the dismissal was effected prematurely in violation of existing laws, noting that respondents still had until September 19, 2000 within which to pass the LET.  A contingency plan, according to the CA, should have instead been adopted by petitioner in the event respondents' termination from the service in the middle of the school year becomes inevitable.  The CA also observed that petitioner's ulterior motive for the termination may have been the result of a confrontation between petitioner's principal and respondents.  The CA also found petitioner's acts of retaining and hiring other equally unqualified teachers who do not possess the required eligibility and allowing them to teach for the school year 2000-2001 as badges of bad faith.

As regards Padilla, Marlynn Palacio, Andalahao and Decipulo, the CA found them to be mere probationary, and not regular, employees.  Their employment contracts merely expired and since the petitioner did not wish to renew their contracts, then there is no illegal dismissal to speak of.

Accordingly, the dispositive portion of the CA Decision reads:

WHEREFORE, the assailed Resolutions of the NLRC, Fifth Division dated April 30, 2001, [is] hereby affirmed with modification.  The monetary awards adjudged in favor of private respondents Gail Josephine Padilla, Virgilio Andalahao, Alma Decipolo and Merlyn Palacio whose services were legally terminated, are hereby DELETED for lack of basis.

SO ORDERED.[20]

Petitioner moved to partially reconsider the Decision insofar as it found the dismissal of herein respondents to be premature and prayed that respondents be declared legally dismissed from the service.  The CA, however, denied the motion.

Hence, this petition.

Issues

I. THE COURT OF APPEALS COMMITTED GRIEVOUS ERROR IN HOLDING THAT THE DISMISSAL OF TERESITA PALACIO, MARIGEN CALIBOD, LEVIE LAQUIO, ELAINE MARIE SANTANDER, ELIZA SAILE, AND DOLORES MONTEDERAMOS, WAS PREMATURE BECAUSE IT WAS EFFECTED ON MARCH 31, 2000 PRIOR TO SEPTEMBER 20, 2000,[21] THE DEADLINE SET BY THE PROFESSIONAL [REGULATION] COMMISSION FOR TEACHERS TO ACQUIRE THEIR LICENSE.

II.  THE COURT OF APPEALS GRAVELY ERRED IN FAILING TO CONSIDER THAT ASSUMING THAT RESPONDENTS WERE "PREMATURELY" TERMINATED IN MARCH 2000, AT THE MOST, RESPONDENTS ARE ENTITLED TO BACKWAGES UP TO SEPTEMBER 19, 2000 ONLY BECAUSE ON SUCH DATE, THEY WERE ALREADY DISMISSIBLE FOR CAUSE FOR NOT HAVING OBTAINED THEIR TEACHERS' LICENSE.[22]

Petitioner insists that it has the right to terminate respondents' services as early as March 2000 without waiting for the September 19, 2000 deadline set by law for respondents to register as professional teachers due to the need to fix the school organization prior to the applicable school year.  Petitioner justifies respondents' termination by advancing that it would be difficult to hire licensed teachers in the middle of the school year as respondents' replacements. Also, the termination of respondents in the middle of the school year might result in compromising the education of the students as well as the school operation.  Petitioner further argues that it cannot hire respondents for the period covering only June to September as it would contravene the DECS's policy requiring written contracts of at least one year's duration for teachers.

Our Ruling

The petition is devoid of merit.

The dismissal of Teresita Palacio, Calibod, Laquio, Santander, and Montederamos was premature and defeated their right to security of tenure. Saile's dismissal has legal basis for lack of the required qualification needed for continued practice of teaching.

Pertinent provisions of RA 7836 provide:

SEC. 13.  Examination, Registration and License Required. - Except as otherwise specifically allowed under the provisions of this Act, all applicants for registration as professional teachers shall be required to undergo a written examination which shall be given at least once a year in such places and dates as the Board may determine upon approval by the Commission. A valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license from the Commission are required before any person is allowed to practice as a professional teacher in the Philippines, except as otherwise allowed under this Act.

x x x x

SEC. 26.  Registration and Exception. - Two (2) years after the effectivity of this Act, no person shall engage in teaching and/or act as a professional teacher as defined in this Act, whether in the preschool, elementary or secondary level, unless he is a duly registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license or a holder of a valid special/temporary permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of registration and professional license as a professional teacher shall be issued without examination as required in this Act to a qualified applicant, who at the time of the approval of this Act, is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service Commission and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; or

(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1006; or

(c) Not qualified under paragraphs one and two but with any of the following qualifications, to wit:

(1) An elementary or secondary teacher for five (5) years in good standing and a holder of a Bachelor of Science in Education or its equivalent; or

(2) An elementary or secondary teacher for three (3) years in good standing and a holder of a master's degree in education or its equivalent.

Provided, That they shall be given two (2) years from the organization of the Board for professional teachers within which to register and be included in the roster of professional teachers: Provided, further, That those incumbent teachers who are not qualified to register without examination under this Act or who, albeit qualified, were unable to register within the two-year period shall be issued a five-year temporary or special permit from the time the Board is organized within which to register after passing the examination and complying with the requirements provided in this Act and be included in the roster of professional teachers: Provided, furthermore, That those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers shall be eligible as para-teachers and as such, shall be issued by the Board a special or temporary permit, and shall be assigned by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) to schools as it may determine under the circumstances.

x x x x

SEC. 27.  Inhibition Against the Practice of the Teaching Profession. - Except as otherwise allowed under this Act, no person shall practice or offer to practice the teaching profession in the Philippines or be appointed as teacher to any position without having previously obtained a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license from the Commission.

x x x x

SEC. 31.  Transitory Provision. - All incumbent teachers in both the public and private sector not otherwise certified as professional teachers by virtue of this Act, shall be given five (5) years temporary certificates from the time the Board for Professional Teachers is organized within which to qualify as required by this Act and be included in the roster of professionals.

Pursuant to RA 7836, the PRC formulated certain rules and regulations relative to the registration of teachers and their continued practice of the teaching profession.  Specific periods and deadlines were fixed within which incumbent teachers must register as professional teachers in consonance with the essential purpose of the law in promoting good quality education by ensuring that those who practice the teaching profession are duly licensed and are registered as professional teachers.

Under DECS Memorandum No. 10, S. 1998, the Board for Professional Teachers (BPT), created under the general supervision and administrative control of the PRC, was organized on September 20, 1995 so that, in the implementation of Sections 26, 27 and 31 of RA 7836, incumbent teachers as of December 16, 1994 have until September 19, 1997 to register as professional teachers.  The Memorandum further stated that a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was subsequently entered into by the PRC, Civil Service Commission (CSC) and DECS to further allow those teachers who failed to register by September 19, 1997 to continue their service and register.  BPT Resolution No. 600, s. 1997 was thereafter passed to provide the guidelines[23] to govern teacher registration beyond September 19, 1997.  Consequently, the deadline was moved to September 19, 2000.

Pursuant to the aforestated law, resolution and memorandum, effective September 20, 2000, only holders of valid certificates of registration, valid professional licenses and valid special/temporary permits can engage in teaching in both public and private schools.[24]  Clearly, respondents, in the case at bar, had until September 19, 2000 to comply with the mandatory requirement to register as professional teachers.  As respondents are categorized as those not qualified to register without examination, the law requires them to register by taking and passing the licensure examination.

It is undisputed that respondents were all non-board passers when they were dismissed by petitioner on March 31, 2000.  Based on the certification issued by the PRC on October 23, 2000,[25] only respondent Santander passed the LET but only for the elementary level.  Thus, she is still unqualified to teach in the high school level.  All the others, except respondent Saile who is not qualified to take the LET, failed the examination.  Petitioner harps on the fact that even if respondents were to take the LET in August of 2000, the results could not be known in time to meet the September 19, 2000 deadline.  However, it is to be noted that the law still allows those who failed the licensure examination between 1996 and 2000 to continue teaching if they obtain temporary or special permits as para-teachers.[26] In other words, as the law has provided a specific timeframe within which respondents could comply, petitioner has no right to deny them of this privilege accorded to them by law.  As correctly pointed out by the Labor Arbiter and affirmed by the NLRC and the CA, the dismissal from service of respondents Palacio, Calibod, Laquio, Santander and Montederamos on March 31, 2000 was quite premature.

Petitioner claims that it terminated respondents' employment as early as March 2000 because it would be highly difficult to hire professional teachers in the middle of the school year as replacements for respondents without compromising the operation of the school and education of the students.  Also, petitioner reasons out that it could not enter into written contracts with respondents for the period June 2000 to September 19, 2000 without violating the DECS's policy requiring contracts of yearly duration for elementary and high school teachers.

Petitioner's contentions are not tenable.  First, even if respondents' contracts stipulate for a period of one year in compliance with DECS's directive, such stipulation could not be given effect for being violative of the law.  Provisions in a contract must be read in conjunction with statutory and administrative regulations.  This finds basis on the principle "that an existing law enters into and forms part of a valid contract without the need for the parties expressly making reference to it."[27] Settled is the rule that stipulations made upon the convenience of the parties are valid only if they are not contrary to law.[28] Hence, mere reliance on the policy of DECS requiring yearly contracts for teachers should not prevent petitioner from retaining the services of respondents until and unless the law provides for cause for respondents' dismissal.

Petitioner's intention and desire not to put the students' education and school operation in jeopardy is neither a decisive consideration for respondents' termination prior to the deadline set by law.  Again, by setting a deadline for registration as professional teachers, the law has allowed incumbent teachers to practice their teaching profession until September 19, 2000, despite being unregistered and unlicensed.  The prejudice that respondents' retention would cause to the school's operation is only trivial if not speculative as compared to the consequences of respondents' unemployment.  Because of petitioner's predicament, it should have adopted measures to protect the interest of its teachers as regular employees.  As correctly observed by the CA, petitioner should have earlier drawn a contingency plan in the event there is need to terminate respondents' services in the middle of the school year.  Incidentally, petitioner did not dispute that it hired and retained other teachers who do not likewise possess the qualification and eligibility and even allowed them to teach during the school year 2000-2001.  This indicates petitioner's ulterior motive in hastily dismissing respondents.

It is incumbent upon this Court to afford full protection to labor.  Thus, while we take cognizance of the employer's right to protect its interest, the same should be exercised in a manner which does not infringe on the workers' right to security of tenure.  "Under the policy of social justice, the law bends over backward to accommodate the interests of the working class on the humane justification that those with less privilege in life should have more in law."[29]

To reiterate, this Court will not hesitate to defend respondents' right to security of tenure.  The premature dismissal from the service of respondents Palacio, Calibod, Laquio, Santander and Montederamos is unwarranted. However, we take exception to the case of respondent Saile who, as alleged by petitioner, was not qualified to take the LET as she only had three out of the minimum 10 required educational units to be admitted to take the LET pursuant to Section 15 of RA 7836,[30] which fact respondent Saile did not refute.  Not being qualified to take the examination to become a duly licensed professional teacher, petitioner cannot be compelled to retain her services as she cannot possibly obtain the needed prerequisite to allow her to continue practicing the teaching profession. Thus, we find her termination just and legal.

Limited backwages computed from
March 31, 2000 to September 30, 2000
awarded in favor of Palacio, Calibod,
Laquio, Santander and Montederamos
are sustained. 


Petitioner questions the amount of separation pay awarded to respondents contending that assuming respondents were illegally dismissed, they are only entitled to an amount computed from the time of dismissal up to September 19, 2000 only. After September 19, 2000, respondents, according to petitioner, are already dismissible for cause for lack of the necessary license to teach.

This contention deserves no merit. Petitioner cannot possibly presume that respondents could not timely comply with the requirements of the law. At any rate, we note that petitioner only assailed the amount of backwages for the first time in its motion for reconsideration of the Decision of the CA.  Thus, the Court cannot entertain the issue for being belatedly raised.  Hence, the award of limited backwages covering the period from March 31, 2000 to September 30, 2000 as ruled by the Labor Arbiter and affirmed by both the NLRC and CA is in order.

WHEREFORE, the petition is partially GRANTED.  The Decision of the Court of Appeals dated September 24, 2003 in CA-G.R. SP No. 67691 finding respondents Teresita Palacio, Marigen Calibod, Levie Laquio, Elaine Marie Santander and Ma. Dolores Montederamos to have been illegally dismissed and awarding them separation pay and limited backwages is AFFIRMED.  As regards respondent Eliza Saile, we find her termination valid and legal. Consequently, the awards of separation pay and limited backwages in her favor are DELETED.

SO ORDERED.

Corona, C.J., (Chairperson), Velasco, Jr., Leonardo-De Castro, and Perez, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


[1] Rollo, pp. 10-35.

[2] Id. at 36-47; penned by Associate Justice Hakim S. Abdulwahid and concurred in by Associate Justices Delilah Vidallon-Magtolis and Jose L. Sabio, Jr.

[3] Id. at 55.

[4] Id. at 93-98; penned by Presiding Commissioner Salic B. Dumarpa and concurred in by Commissioners Oscar N. Abella and Leon G. Gonzaga, Jr.

[5] Id. at 122-124.

[6] Petitioner's letter dated March 31, 2000 to Santander and Montederamos, id. at 181 and 183,  respectively.

[7] Dated January 12, 1998.

[8] SEC. 27. Inhibition Against the Practice of the Teaching Profession.--  Except as otherwise allowed under this Act, no person shall practice or offer to practice the teaching profession in the Philippines or be appointed as teacher to any position without having previously obtained a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license from the [Professional Regulation] Commission.

[9] AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN THE REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF THE PRACTICE OF TEACHING IN THE PHILIPPINES AND PRESCRIBING A LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. (Approved on December 16, 1994).

[10] Referred also as Alma Decipolo in some parts of the records.

[11] Referred also as Merlyn Palacio in some parts of the records.

[12] Issued on November 13, 1997.

[13] DECS Memorandum No. 10, S. 1998 erroneously indicated the deadline as September 20, 2000.

[14] Rollo, pp.163-166.

[15] Id. at 126-134.

[16] Id. at 93-98.

[17] Id. at 122-124.

[18] Id. at 99-112.

[19] Id. at 57-91.

[20] Id. at 46-47.

[21] Should be September 19, 2000.

[22] Rollo, p. 22.

[23] I. Coverage

A.  Incumbent teachers [full-time] or part-time, as of December 16, 1994 in public and private schools at the pre-school, elementary and secondary levels who were unable to register with PRC as of September 19, 1997.

1. Those not qualified to register without exam


2. Those qualified to register without exam

2.1  CSC eligibles (Category A)
2.2  PBET eligibles (Category B)
2.3  With BSE/BSEE or equivalent with at least 10 units of professional education for secondary school teachers and at least 5 years of experience (Category C)
2.4  With [master's] degree in education or equivalent and at least 3 years of experience (Category D)


B. Non-passers in the LET between 1996 and 2000

C. Those performing supervisory and/or administrative functions at the pre-school, elementary and secondary levels, including Principals, Supervisors, Superintendents, Regional Directors, Bureau/Center Directors, Guidance Counselors, and Researchers.

II. General Rules

A.  For Incumbent teachers Unable to Register before September 19, 1997.

1. Those not qualified to register without examination must qualify by passing the LET between 1997 and 2000.

x x x x


BLET non-passers between 1996 and 2000 shall submit with their applications for permit as para teachers their respective reports of rating.

x x x x

II[I.] Specific Rules

x x x x


5. Those who fail to register by September 19, 2000 shall forfeit their privilege to practice the teaching profession for abandonment of responsibility.


[24] See PRC Press Release "PRC Clarifies Professional Teachers' Deadline", CA rollo, pp. 182-183.

[25] Annex "2" of petitioner's Memorandum of Appeal with the NLRC, rollo, p. 136.

[26] BPT Resolution No. 98-183, Series of 1998 was issued to implement Section 26 of RA 7836 regarding the issuance of special or temporary permits to those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers to become eligible as para teachers who may be assigned by the DECS to schools located in places where no professional teachers are available; see also BPT Resolution No. 600, series of 1997 which provides that LET non-passers between 1996 and 2000 may apply as para teachers.

[27] Escorpizo v. University of Baguio, 366 Phil 166, 178 (1999).

[28] New Civil Code, Article 1306.

[29] Central Bank Employees Association, Inc. v. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, 487 Phil 531, 599 (2004).

[30] SEC. 15. Qualification Requirements of Applicants. - No applicant shall be admitted to take the examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have complied with the following requirements:

x x x  x

(e) A graduate of a school, college or university recognized by the government and possesses the minimum educational qualifications, as follows:

x  x x  x

(3)  For teachers in the secondary grades, a bachelor's degree in education or its equivalent with a major and minor, or a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences with at least ten (10) units in professional education; and

x x  x x




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  • [G.R. No. 183182 : September 01, 2010] GENTLE SUPREME PHILIPPINES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. RICARDO F. CONSULTA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 182707 : September 01, 2010] SPOUSES ERNESTO LIM AND ZENAIDA LIM, PETITIONER, VS. RUBY SHELTER BUILDERS AND REALTY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 181829 : September 01, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. SATURNINO VILLANUEVA, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 176657 : September 01, 2010] DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS, PETITIONERS, VS. HON. FRANCO T. FALCON, IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE PRESIDING JUDGE OF BRANCH 71 OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT IN PASIG CITY AND BCA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 176748 : September 01, 2010] JUDY O. DACUITAL,[1] EUGENIO L. MONDANO, JR., JOSEPH GALER, [2] MARIANO MORALES, ROBERTO RUANCE, JOSEPH PORCADILLA, RAULITO PALAD, RICARDO DIGAMON, NONITO PRISCO , EULOGIO M. TUTOR, MELVIN PEPITO, HELYTO N. REYES,[3] RANDOLF C. BALUDO, ALBERTO EPONDOL, RODELO A. SUSPER,[4] EVARISTO VIGORI, [5] JONATHAN P. AYAAY, FELIPE ERILLA, ARIS A. GARCIA, ROY A. GARCIA, AND RESTITUTO TAPANAN, PETITIONERS, VS. L.M. CAMUS ENGINEERING CORPORATION AND/OR LUIS M. CAMUS, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 176410 : September 01, 2010] LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. CONRADO O. COLARINA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 171526 : September 01, 2010] RODEL CRISOSTOMO, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 173292 : September 01, 2010] MEMORACION Z. CRUZ, REPRESENTED BY EDGARDO Z. CRUZ, PETITIONER, VS. OSWALDO Z. CRUZ, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 170189 : September 01, 2010] SPOUSES ELEGIO* CAÑEZO AND DOLIA CAÑEZO, PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES APOLINARIO AND CONSORCIA L. BAUTISTA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 161746 : September 01, 2010] EUGENIO FELICIANO, SUBSTITUTED BY HIS WIFE CEFERINA DE PALMA- FELICIANO, ANGELINA DE LEON, REPRESENTING THE HEIRS OF ESTEBAN FELICIANO, TRINIDAD VALIENTE, AND BASILIA TRINIDAD, REPRESENTED BY HER SON DOMINADOR T. FELICIANO, PETITIONERS, VS. PEDRO CANOZA, DELIA FELICIANO, ROSAURO FELICIANO, ELSA FELICIANO AND PONCIANO FELICIANO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 165803 : September 01, 2010] SPOUSES REX AND CONCEPCION AGGABAO, PETITIONERS, VS. DIONISIO Z. PARULAN, JR. AND MA. ELENA PARULAN, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 152303 : September 01, 2010] UNIVERSITY PHYSICIANS' SERVICES, INCORPORATED, PETITIONER, VS. MARIAN CLINICS, INC. AND DR. LOURDES MABANTA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 186459 : September 01, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. NITA EUGENIO Y PEJER, APPELLANT.

  • [A.M. No. MTJ-09-1738 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 08-2033-MTJ) : September 06, 2010] CIRILA S. RAYMUNDO, COMPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE TERESITO A. ANDOY, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT (MTC), CAINTA, RIZAL, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. OCA IPI No. 05-2353-RTJ : September 06, 2010] SENIOR STATE PROSECUTOR EMMANUEL Y. VELASCO, PETITIONER, VS. JUDGE ADORACION G. ANGELES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 183829 : September 06, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. PATERNO LASANAS, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 179033 : September 06, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. FELICIANO ANABE Y CAPILLAN, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 189155 : September 07, 2010] IN THE MATTER OF THE PETITION FOR THE WRIT OF AMPARO AND THE WRIT OF HABEAS DATA IN FAVOR OF MELISSA C. ROXAS, MELISSA C. ROXAS, PETITIONER, VS. GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, GILBERT TEODORO, GEN. VICTOR S. IBRADO, P/DIR. GEN. JESUS AME VERZOSA, LT. GEN. DELFIN N. BANGIT, PC/SUPT. LEON NILO A. DELA CRUZ, MAJ. GEN. RALPH VILLANUEVA, PS/SUPT. RUDY GAMIDO LACADIN, AND CERTAIN PERSONS WHO GO BY THE NAME[S] DEX, RC AND ROSE, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 187689 : September 07, 2010] CLARITA J. CARBONEL, PETITIONER, VS. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 182555 : September 07, 2010] LENIDO LUMANOG AND AUGUSTO SANTOS, PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT. [G.R. No. 185123] CESAR FORTUNA, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT. [G.R. No. 187745] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. SPO2 CESAR FORTUNA Y ABUDO, RAMESES DE JESUS Y CALMA, LENIDO LUMANOG Y LUISTRO, JOEL DE JESUS Y VALDEZ AND AUGUSTO SANTOS Y GALANG, ACCUSED, RAMESES DE JESUS Y CALMA AND JOEL DE JESUS Y VALDEZ, ACCUSED-APPELLANTS.

  • [G.R. No. 182622 : September 08, 2010] PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY [PLDT], PETITIONER, VS. ROBERTO R. PINGOL, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 179918 : September 08, 2010] SHELL PHILIPPINES EXPLORATION B.V., REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR, JEREMY CLIFF, PETITIONER, VS. EFREN JALOS, JOVEN CAMPANG, ARNALDO MIJARES, CARLITO TRIVINO, LUCIANO ASERON, CHARLITO ALDOVINO, ROBERTO FADERA, RENATO MANTALA, GERTRUDES MENESES, NORBERTO HERNANDEZ, JOSE CABASE, DANILO VITTO, EDWIN MARIN, SAMUEL MARIN, ARMANDO MADERA, EDGARDO MARINO, HERMINO RELOX, ROLANDO TARROBACO, ERNESTO RELOX, ROSALITO RUGAS, ELDIE DIMALIBOT, PLARIDEL MUJE, REYMUNDO CARMONA, RONILO RIOFLORIDO, LEONIDES MANCIA, JONAR GERANCE, RODEL CASAPAO, CARMENCITA MENDOZA, SEVERINO MEDRANO, EDWIN MENDOZA, DOMINEZ SANTIAGO, ROGER MUJE, REYNALDO MORALES, WILLIAM MENDOZA, NELSON SOLIS, ALBERTO MATRE, MARGARITO GADO, BONIFACIO LEOTERIO, NEMESIO PEREZ, JR., ARIEL MENDOZA, PEPITO MENDOZA, SALVADOR FALCULAN, JR., CEASAR ROBLEDO, SUZIMO CERNA, VIRGILIO VATAL, JIMMY ALBAO, CRISANTO SABIDA, LAUDRINO MIRANDA, LEOPOLDO MISANA, JIMMY DELACION, FREJEDO MAGPILI, ROLANDO DIMALIBOT, PEDRO MAPALAD, FAUSTINO BALITOSTOS, LEONARDO DIMALIBOT, MARIANO MAGYAYA, RAUL MIRANO, ERNESTO MATRE, ROMEO ROBLEDO, GILBERT SADICON, ROMEO SIENA, NESTOR SADICON, NOEL SIENA, REDENTER CAMPANG, ARNEL HERNENDEZ, RESTITUTO BAUTISTA, JOSE MUJE, DANILO BILARMINO, ADRIAN MAGANGO, VALERIANO SIGUE, BERNIE MORALES, JOSEPH SALAZAR, PABLITO MENDOZA, JR., ERWIN BAUTISTA, RUBEN BAUTISTA, ALEXANDER ROVERO, EDUARDO QUARTO, RUBEN RIOFLORIDO, NESTOR DELACION, SEVERINO MEDRANO, JOEY FAJECULAY, NICOLAS MEDRANO, FELIX MEDRANO, RODELIO CASAPAO, FELIPE LOLONG, MARCELINO LOLONG, ELDY DIMALIBOT, ROBERTO CASAPAO, SIMEON CASAPAO, HENRY DIMALIBOT, RONALDO MORALES, PEPING CASAPAO, JOEL GERANCE, JAYREE DIMALIBOT, MARIO DIMALIBOT, SANTO DIMALIBOT, ZERAPIN DIMALIBOT, FLORENCIO ROVERO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 178062 : September 08, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ABDUL AMINOLA Y OMAR AND MIKE MAITIMBANG Y ABUBAKAR, ACCUSED-APPELLANTS.

  • [G.R. No. 173631 : September 08, 2010] PASIG CYLINDER MFG., CORP., A.G. & E ALLIED SERVICES, MANUEL ESTEVANEZ, SR., AND VIRGILIO GERONIMO, SR., PETITIONERS, VS. DANILO ROLLO, REYNALDO ORANDE, RONIE JOHN ESPINAS, ROGELIO JUAREZ, FELICIANO BERMUDEZ, DAVID OCLARINO, RODRIGO ANDICO, DANTE CALA-OD, JOSE RONNIE SERENIO, CHARLIE AGNO, EDWIN BEDES, JOSEPH RIVERA, FERNANDO SAN PEDRO, JESUS CABRERA, ANASTICO ALINGAS, EDUARDO GUBAN, ROLANDO DEMANO, ROBERTO PINUELA, AND EMELITO LOBO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 172138 : September 08, 2010] NELSON JENOSA AND HIS SON NIÑO CARLO JENOSA, SOCORRO CANTO AND HER SON PATRICK CANTO, CYNTHIA APALISOK AND HER DAUGHTER CYNDY APALISOK, EDUARDO VARGAS AND HIS SON CLINT EDUARD VARGAS, AND NELIA DURO AND HER SON NONELL GREGORY DURO, PETITIONERS, VS. REV. FR. JOSE RENE C. DELARIARTE, O.S.A., IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE INCUMBENT PRINCIPAL OF THE HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN, HEREIN REPRESENTED BY ITS INCUMBENT PRESIDENT REV. FR. MANUEL G. VERGARA, O.S.A., RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 161162 : September 08, 2010] FRUEHAUF ELECTRONICS, PHILS., INC., PETITIONER, VS. COURT OF APPEALS (SIXTH DIVISION) AND PHILIPS SEMICONDUCTORS, PHILIPPINES, INC., RESPONDENTS, [G.R. NO. 166436] FRUEHAUF ELECTRONICS, PHILS., INC., PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPS SEMICONDUCTORS, PHILIPPINES, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 164913 : September 08, 2010] ST. MARY'S ACADEMY OF DIPOLOG CITY, PETITIONER, VS. TERESITA PALACIO, MARIGEN CALIBOD, LEVIE LAQUIO, ELAINE MARIE SANTANDER, ELIZA SAILE, AND MA. DOLORES MONTEDERAMOS, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 166358 : September 08, 2010] CHANG IK JIN, REPRESENTED BY HIS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT KIMAN CHANG, AND KOREAN CHRISTIAN BUSINESSMEN ASSOCIATION, INC., PETITIONERS, VS. CHOI SUNG BONG, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 172727 : September 08, 2010] QUEENSLAND-TOKYO COMMODITIES, INC., ROMEO Y. LAU, AND CHARLIE COLLADO, PETITIONERS, VS. THOMAS GEORGE, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 176959 : September 08, 2010] METROPOLITAN BANK & TRUST COMPANY, INC. (AS SUCCESSOR-IN-INTEREST OF THE BANKING OPERATIONS OF GLOBAL BUSINESS BANK, INC. FORMERLY KNOWN AS PHILIPPINE BANKING CORPORATION), PETITIONER, VS. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF RIVERSIDE MILLS CORPORATION PROVIDENT AND RETIREMENT FUND, REPRESENTED BY ERNESTO TANCHI, JR., CESAR SALIGUMBA, AMELITA SIMON, EVELINA OCAMPO AND CARLITOS Y. LIM, RMC UNPAID EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION, INC., AND THE INDIVIDUAL BENEFICIARIES OF THE PROVIDENT AND RETIREMENT FUND OF RMC, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 177240 : September 08, 2010] PRUDENTIAL GUARANTEE AND ASSURANCE INC., PETITIONER, VS. ANSCOR LAND, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 184761 : September 08, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. JULIUS GADIANA Y REPOLLO, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 174149 : September 08, 2010] J. TIOSEJO INVESTMENT CORP., PETITIONER, VS. SPOUSES BENJAMIN AND ELEANOR ANG, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 172060 : September 13, 2010] JOSELITO R. PIMENTEL, PETITIONER, VS. MARIA CHRYSANTINE L. PIMENTEL AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 171268 : September 14, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. BRINGAS BUNAY Y DAM-AT, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 186494 : September 15, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ROY ALCAZAR Y MIRANDA, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 159588 : September 15, 2010] P/CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT ROBERTO L. CALINISAN, REGIONAL DIRECTOR, POLICE REGIONAL OFFICE III, CAMP OLIVAS, SAN FERNANDO, PAMPANGA, AND P/CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT REYNALDO M. ACOP, DIRECTORATE FOR PERSONNEL AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, CAMP CRAME, QUEZON CITY, PETITIONERS, VS. SPO2 REYNALDO ROAQUIN Y LADERAS, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 168715 : September 15, 2010] MEDLINE MANAGEMENT, INC. AND GRECOMAR SHIPPING AGENCY, VS. PETITIONERS, GLICERIA ROSLINDA AND ARIEL ROSLINDA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 173930 : September 15, 2010] SALVADOR O. ECHANO, JR., PETITIONER, VS. LIBERTY TOLEDO, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 182075 : September 15, 2010] THE PHILIPPINE AMERICAN LIFE & GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, PETITIONER, VS. JOSEPH ENARIO, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 181422 : September 15, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. ARNEL BABANGGOL Y MACAPIA, CESAR NARANJO Y RIVERA AND EDWIN SAN JOSE Y TABING, ACCUSED. ARNEL BABANGGOL Y MACAPIA AND CESAR NARANJO Y RIVERA, APPELLANTS.

  • [G.R. No. 173863 : September 15, 2010] CHEVRON PHILIPPINES, INC. (FORMERLY CALTEX PHILIPPINES, INC.), PETITIONER, VS. BASES CONVERSION DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY AND CLARK DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. Nos. 172476-99 : September 15, 2010] BRIG. GEN. (RET.) JOSE RAMISCAL, JR., PETITIONER, VS. SANDIGANBAYAN AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 169004 : September 15, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. SANDIGANBAYAN (THIRD DIVISION) AND ROLANDO PLAZA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 168707 : September 15, 2010] MARLA MACADAEG LAUREL, PETITIONER, VS. SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, A BODY CORPORATE ACTING THROUGH THE SOCIAL SECURITY COMMISSION AND THE PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF RETIRED PERSONS (PARP), REPRESENTED BY HONESTO C. GENERAL, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 176858 : September 15, 2010] HEIRS OF JUANITA PADILLA, REPRESENTED BY CLAUDIO PADILLA, PETITIONERS, VS. DOMINADOR MAGDUA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 191000 : September 15, 2010] JAREN TIBONG Y CULLA-AG, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 176675 : September 15, 2010] SPS. ALFREDO BONTILAO AND SHERLINA BONTILAO, PETITIONERS, VS. DR. CARLOS GERONA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. Nos. 173057-74 : September 20, 2010] BGEN. (RET.) JOSE S. RAMISCAL, JR., PETITIONER, VS. HON. JOSE R. HERNANDEZ, AS JUSTICE OF THE SANDIGANBAYAN; 4TH DIVISION, SANDIGANBAYAN AND THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 181672 : September 20, 2010] SPS. ANTONIO & LETICIA VEGA, PETITIONER, VS. SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM (SSS) & PILAR DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 183975 : September 20, 2010] GREGORIO DIMARUCOT Y GARCIA, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. Nos. 186184 & 186988[1] : September 20, 2010] CELESTINO SANTIAGO SUBSTITUTED BY LAURO SANTIAGO AND ISIDRO GUTIERREZ SUBSTITUTED BY ROGELIO GUTIERREZ, PETITIONERS, VS. AMADA R. ORTIZ-LUIS SUBSTITUTED BY JUAN ORTIZ-LUIS, JR. RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 187056 : September 20, 2010] JARABINI G. DEL ROSARIO, PETITIONER, VS. ASUNCION G. FERRER, SUBSTITUTED BY HER HEIRS, VICENTE, PILAR, ANGELITO, FELIXBERTO, JR., ALL SURNAMED G. FERRER, AND MIGUELA FERRER ALTEZA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 143855 : September 21, 2010] REPRESENTATIVES GERARDO S. ESPINA, ORLANDO FUA, JR., PROSPERO AMATONG, ROBERT ACE S. BARBERS, RAUL M. GONZALES, PROSPERO PICHAY, JUAN MIGUEL ZUBIRI AND FRANKLIN BAUTISTA, PETITIONERS, VS. HON. RONALDO ZAMORA, JR. (EXECUTIVE SECRETARY), HON. MAR ROXAS (SECRETARY OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY), HON. FELIPE MEDALLA (SECRETARY OF NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY), GOV. RAFAEL BUENAVENTURA (BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS) AND HON. LILIA BAUTISTA (CHAIRMAN, SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION), RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 184869 : September 21, 2010] CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY, REPRESENTED BY OFFICER-IN-CHARGE DR. RODRIGO L. MALUNHAO, PETITIONER, VS. THE HONORABLE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE HONORABLE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES, THE CHAIRPERSON AND COMMISSIONERS OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, AND THE LEAD CONVENOR OF THE NATIONAL ANTI-POVERTY COMMISSION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 189546 : September 21, 2010] CENTER FOR PEOPLE EMPOWERMENT IN GOVERNANCE, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. P-10-2785 : September 21, 2010] LOURDES S. ESCALONA, COMPLAINANT, VS. CONSOLACION S. PADILLO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 260, PARAÑAQUE CITY, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. RTJ-08-2136 : September 21, 2010] SUSAN O. REYES, COMPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE MANUEL N. DUQUE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 197, LAS PIÑAS CITY, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. Nos. 174040-41 : September 22, 2010] INSULAR HOTEL EMPLOYEES UNION-NFL, PETITIONER, VS. WATERFRONT INSULAR HOTEL DAVAO, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 173396 : September 22, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. HON. SANDIGANBAYAN (FIFTH DIVISION), ABELARDO P. PANLAQUI, RENATO B. VELASCO, ANGELITO PELAYO AND WILFREDO CUNANAN, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 173169 : September 22, 2010] IRENE MARTEL FRANCISCO, PETITIONER, VS. NUMERIANO MALLEN, JR., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 170685 : September 22, 2010] LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. ENRIQUE LIVIOCO, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 170599 : September 22, 2010] PUBLIC HEARING COMMITTEE OF THE LAGUNA LAKE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY AND HON. GENERAL MANAGER CALIXTO CATAQUIZ, PETITIONERS, VS. SM PRIME HOLDINGS, INC. (IN ITS CAPACITY AS OPERATOR OF SM CITY MANILA), RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 168656 : September 22, 2010] DIMSON (MANILA), INC. AND PHESCO, INC., PETITIONERS, VS. LOCAL WATER UTILITIES ADMINISTRATION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 167567 : September 22, 2010] SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. BARTOLOME PUZON, JR., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 182291 : September 22, 2010] PHILIP S. YU, PETITIONER, VS. HERNAN G. LIM, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 183094 : September 22, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. REYNALDO BARDE, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 185008 : September 22, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. MAXIMO OLIMBA ALIAS "JONNY," ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 186738 : September 27, 2010] PRUDENTIAL BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (NOW BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS,[1] PETITIONER, VS. LIWAYWAY ABASOLO, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 160302 : September 27, 2010] DANILO ESCARIO, PANFILO AGAO, ARSENIO AMADOR, ELMER COLICO, ROMANO DELUMEN, DOMINADOR AGUILO, OLYMPIO GOLOSINO, RICARDO LABAN, LORETO MORATA, ROBERTO TIGUE, GILBERT VIBAR, THOMAS MANCILLA, JR., NESTOR LASTIMOSO, JIMMY MIRABALLES, JAILE OLISA, ISIDRO SANCHEZ, ANTONIO SARCIA, OSCAR CONTRERAS, ROMEO ZAMORA, MARIANO GAGAL, ROBERTO MARTIZANO, DOMINGO SANTILLICES, ARIEL ESCARIO, HEIRS OF FELIX LUCIANO, AND MALAYANG SAMAHAN NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA BALANCED FOODS, PETITIONERS, VS. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION (THIRD DIVISION), PINAKAMASARAP CORPORATION, DR. SY LIAN TIN, AND DOMINGO TAN, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 155097 : September 27, 2010] PHILIPPINE AIRLINES EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION (PALEA), HEREIN REPRESENTED BY ALEXANDER O. BARRIENTOS, PETITIONER, VS. HON. HANS LEO J. CACDAC (DIRECTOR OF BUREAU OF LABOR RELATIONS), HON. ALEXANDER MARAAN (REGIONAL DIRECTOR, NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION), CYNTHIA J. TOLENTINO (REPRESENTATION OFFICER, LABOR RELATIONS DIVISION, NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT), NIDA J. VILLAGRACIA, DOLLY OCAMPO, GERARDO F. RIVERA (IN THEIR RESPECTIVE CAPACITIES AS CANDIDATES FOR PRESIDENT OF PETITIONER PALEA), RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 163610 : September 27, 2010] HEIRS OF ENRIQUE TORING, REPRESENTED HEREIN BY MORIE TORING, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF TEODOSIA BOQUILAGA, REPRESENTED HEREIN BY PAULINO CADLAWON, CRISPIN ALBURO, VIVENCIO GOMEZ, EDUARDO CONCUERA AND PONCIANO NAILON, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 172250 : September 27, 2010] HEIRS OF PEDRO BARZ, NAMELY: ANGELO BARZ AND MERLINDA BARZ, PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES JOSE GESALEM AND ROSA GESALEM, REPRESENTED [BY] THEIR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, JONATHAN U. GESALEM; HON. AUGUSTINE VESTIL-PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 56, MANDAUE CITY; COURT OF APPEALS, NINETEENTH DIVISION, CEBU CITY, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 185378 : September 27, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. JENNEFER CARIN Y DONOGA @ MAE-ANN, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 186232 : September 27, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ELPIDIO PAROHINOG ALEJANDRO, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 182574 : September 28, 2010] THE PROVINCE OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, REPRESENTED BY ITS GOVERNOR ISIDRO P. ZAYCO, PETITIONER, VS. THE COMMISSIONERS, COMMISSION ON AUDIT; THE DIRECTOR, CLUSTER IV-VISAYAS; THE REGIONAL CLUSTER DIRECTORS; AND THE PROVINCIAL AUDITOR, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, RESPONDENTS.

  • [A.M. No. 2005-21-SC : September 28, 2010] RE: FAILURE OF VARIOUS EMPLOYEES TO REGISTER THEIR TIME OF ARRIVAL AND/OR DEPARTURE FROM OFFICE IN THE CHRONOLOG MACHINE

  • [A.M. No. P-07-2292 [Formerly A.M. No. 06-6-206-MCTC] : September 28, 2010] RE: COMPLAINT OF THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION, BAGUIO CITY AGAINST RITA S. CHULYAO, CLERK OF COURT, MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT-BARLIG, MOUNTAIN PROVINCE.

  • [A.M. No. 10-4-22-SC : September 28, 2010] RE: SENIORITY AMONG THE FOUR (4) MOST RECENT APPOINTMENTS TO THE POSITION OF ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS.

  • [G.R. No. 155109 : September 29, 2010] C. ALCANTARA & SONS, INC., PETITIONER, VS. COURT OF APPEALS, LABOR ARBITER ANTONIO M. VILLANUEVA, LABOR ARBITER ARTURO L. GAMOLO, SHERIFF OF NLRC RAB-XI-DAVAO CITY, NAGKAHIUSANG MAMUMUO SA ALSONS-SPFL (NAMAAL-SPFL), FELIXBERTO IRAG, JOSHUA BARREDO, ERNESTO CUARIO, EDGAR MONDAY, EDILBERTO DEMETRIA, HERMINIO ROBILLO, ROMULO LUNGAY, MATROIL DELOS SANTOS, BONERME MATURAN, RAUL CANTIGA, EDUARDO CAMPUSO, RUDY ANADON, GILBERTO GABRONINO, BONIFACIO SALVADOR, CIRILO MINO, ROBERTO ABONADO, WARLITO MONTE, PEDRO ESQUIERDO, ALFREDO TROPICO, DANILO MEJOS, HECTOR ESTUITA, BARTOLOME CASTILLANES, EDUARDO CAPUYAN, SATURNINO CAGAS, ALEJANDRO HARDER, EDUARDO LARENA, JAIME MONTEDERAMOS, ERMELANDO BASADRE, REYNALDO LIMPAJAN, ELPIDIO LIBRANZA, TEDDY SUELO, JOSE AMOYLIN, TRANQUILINO ORALLO, CARLOS BALDOS, MANOLITO SABELLANO, CARMELITO TOBIAS, PRIMITIVO GARCIA, JUANITO ALDEPOLLA, LUDIVICO ABAD, WENCISLAO INGHUG, RICARDO ALTO, EPIFANIO JARABAY, FELICIANO AMPER, ALEXANDER JUDILLA, ROBERTO ANDRADE, ALFREDO LESULA, JULIO ANINO, BENITO MAGPUSAO, PEDRO AQUINO, EDDIE MANSANADES, ROMEO ARANETA, ARGUILLAO MANTICA, CONSTANCIO ARNAIZ, ERNESTO HOTOY, JUSTINO ASCANO, RICARDO MATURAN, EDILBERTO YAMBAO, ANTONIO MELARGO, JESUS BERITAN, ARSENIO MELICOR, DIOSDADO BONGABONG, LAURO MONTENEGRO, CARLITO BURILLO, LEO MORA, PABLO BUTIL, ARMANDO GUCILA, JEREMIAH CAGARA, MARIO NAMOC, CARLITO CAL, GERWINO NATIVIDAD, ROLANDO CAPUYAN, EDGARDO ORDIZ, LEONARDO CASURRA, PATROCINIO ORTEGA, FILEMON CESAR, MARIO PATAN, ROMEO COMPRADO, JESUS PATOC, RAMON CONSTANTINO, ALBERTO PIELAGO, SAMUEL DELA LLANA, NICASIO PLAZA, ROSALDO DAGONDON, TITO GUADES, BONIFACIO DINAGUDOS, PROCOPIO RAMOS, JOSE EBORAN, ROSENDO SAJOL, FRANCISCO EMPUERTO, PATRICIO SALOMON, NESTOR ENDAYA, MARIO SALVALEON, ERNESTO ESTILO, BONIFACIO SIGUE, VICENTE FABROA, JAIME SUCUAHI, CELSO HUISO, ALEX TAUTO-AN, SATURNINO YAGON, CLAUDIO TIROL, SULPECIO GAGNI, JOSE TOLERO, FERVIE GALVEZ, ALFREDO TORALBA AND EDUARDO GENELSA, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 155135] NAGKAHIUSANG MAMUMUO SA ALSONS-SPFL (NAMAAL-SPFL), FELIXBERTO IRAG, JOSHUA BARREDO, ERNESTO CUARIO, EDGAR MONDAY, EDILBERTO DEMETRIA, HERMINIO ROBILLO, ROMULO LUNGAY, MATROIL DELOS SANTOS, BONERME MATURAN, RAUL CANTIGA, EDUARDO CAMPUSO, RUDY ANADON, GILBERTO GABRONINO, BONIFACIO SALVADOR, CIRILO MINO, ROBERTO ABONADO, WARLITO MONTE, PEDRO ESQUIERDO, ALFREDO TROPICO, DANILO MEJOS, HECTOR ESTUITA, BARTOLOME CASTILLANES, EDUARDO CAPUYAN, SATURNINO CAGAS, ALEJANDRO HARDER, EDUARDO LARENA, JAIME MONTEDERAMOS, ERMELANDO BASADRE, REYNALDO LIMPAJAN, ELPIDIO LIBRANZA, TEDDY SUELO, JOSE AMOYLIN, TRANQUILINO ORALLO, CARLOS BALDOS, MANOLITO SABELLANO, CARMELITO TOBIAS, PRIMITIVO GARCIA, JUANITO ALDEPOLLA, LUDIVICO ABAD, WENCISLAO INGHUG, RICARDO ALTO, EPIFANIO JARABAY, FELICIANO AMPER, ALEXANDER JUDILLA, ROBERTO ANDRADE, ALFREDO LESULA, JULIO ANINO, BENITO MAGPUSAO, PEDRO AQUINO, EDDIE MANSANADES, ROMEO ARANETA, ARGUILLAO MANTICA, CONSTANCIO ARNAIZ, ERNESTO HOTOY, JUSTINO ASCANO, RICARDO MATURAN, EDILBERTO YAMBAO, ANTONIO MELARGO, JESUS BERITAN, ARSENIO MELICOR, DIOSDADO BONGABONG, LAURO MONTENEGRO, CARLITO BURILLO, LEO MORA, PABLO BUTIL, ARMANDO GUCILA, JEREMIAH CAGARA, MARIO NAMOC, CARLITO CAL, GERWINO NATIVIDAD, ROLANDO CAPUYAN, JUANITO NISNISAN, AURELIO CARIN, PRIMO OPLIMO, ANGELITO CASTANEDA, EDGARDO ORDIZ, LEONARDO CASURRA, PATROCINIO ORTEGA, FILEMON CESAR, MARIO PATAN, ROMEO COMPRADO, JESUS PATOC, RAMON CONSTANTINO, MANUEL PIAPE, ROY CONSTANTINO, ALBERTO PIELAGO, SAMUEL DELA LLANA, NICASIO PLAZA, ROSALDO DAGONDON, TITO GUADES, BONIFACIO DINAGUDOS, PROCOPIO RAMOS, JOSE EBORAN, ROSENDO SAJOL, FRANCISCO EMPUERTO, PATRICIO SALOMON, NESTOR ENDAYA, MARIO SALVALEON, ERNESTO ESTILO, BONIFACIO SIGUE, VICENTE FABROA, JAIME SUCUAHI, CELSO HUISO, ALEX TAUTO-AN, SATURNINO YAGON, CLAUDIO TIROL, SULPECIO GAGNI, JOSE TOLERO, FERVIE GALVEZ, ALFREDO TORALBA AND EDUARDO GENELSA, PETITIONERS, VS. C. ALCANTARA & SONS, INC., EDITHA I. ALCANTARA, ATTY. NELIA A. CLAUDIO, CORNELIO E. CAGUIAT, JESUS S. DELA CRUZ, ROLANDO Z. ANDRES AND JOSE MA. MANUEL YRASUEGUI, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 179220] NAGKAHIUSANG MAMUMUO SA ALSONS-SPFL (NAMAAL-SPFL), AND ITS MEMBERS WHOSE NAMES ARE LISTED BELOW, PETITIONERS, VS. PROMULGATED: C. ALCANTARA & SONS, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 175124 : September 29, 2010] COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. THE PHILIPPINE AMERICAN LIFE AND GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 181844 : September 29, 2010] SPS. FELIPE AND JOSEFA PARINGIT, PETITIONER, VS. MARCIANA PARINGIT BAJIT, ADOLIO PARINGIT AND ROSARIO PARINGIT ORDOÑO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [A.M. No. P-08-2487 : September 29, 2010] TANCHING L. WEE, SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 32, CABARROGUIS, QUIRINO, AND NELITA G. WEE, COMPLAINANTS, VS. VIRGILIO T. BUNAO, JR., COURT INTERPRETER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 31, CABARROGUIS, QUIRINO, RESPONDENT. [A.M. NO. P-08-2493] VIRGILIO T. BUNAO, JR., COURT INTERPRETER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 31, CABARROGUIS, QUIRINO, COMPLAINANT, VS. L. WEE, SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 32, CABARROGUIS, QUIRINO, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. RTJ-10-2248* : September 29, 2010] JUDGE ADORACION G. ANGELES, COMPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE MARIA ELISA SEMPIO DIY, PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, QUEZON CITY, BRANCH 225, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 165923 : September 29, 2010] SHIMIZU PHILS. CONTRACTORS, INC.,* PETITIONER, VS. VIRGILIO P. CALLANTA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. Nos. 178222-23 : September 29, 2010] MANILA MINING CORP. EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION-FEDERATION OF FREE WORKERS CHAPTER, SAMUEL G. ZUÑIGA, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PRESIDENT, PETITIONERS, VS. MANILA MINING CORP. AND/OR ARTEMIO F. DISINI, PRESIDENT, RENE F. CHANYUNGCO, (SVP-TREASURER), RODOLFO S. MIRANDA, (VP-CONTROLLER), VIRGILIO MEDINA (VP), ATTY. CRISANTO MARTINEZ (HRD), NIGEL TAMLYN (RESIDENT MANAGER), BRYAN YAP (VP), FELIPE YAP (CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD), AND THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION (FIRST DIVISION), RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 183054 : September 29, 2010] NFD INTERNATIONAL MANNING AGENTS, INC./BARBER SHIP MANAGEMENT LTD., PETITIONERS, VS. ESMERALDO C. ILLESCAS, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 185716 : September 29, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. MIGUELITO MALANA Y LARDISABAY, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 149624 : September 29, 2010] SPOUSES CONRADO ANTONIO AND AVELYN ANTONIO, PETITIONERS, VS. JULITA SAYMAN VDA. DE MONJE, SUBSTITUTED BY HER HEIRS, NAMELY: ANGELINA MONJE-VILLAMOR, LUZVISMINDA MONJE-CORTEL, MARRIETA MONJE-ORTICO, LEOPOLDO MONJE, CONCEPCION SAYMAN-MONJE, AND ROLINDA MONJE-CALO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 178788 : September 29, 2010] UNITED AIRLINES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 185708 : September 29, 2010] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. JUANITO CABIGQUEZ Y ALASTRA, APPELLANT.