Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2013 > July 2013 Decisions > G.R. No. 197789, July 08, 2013 - PNOC-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND/OR PAUL A. AQUINO, FRANCIS A. PALAFOX, Petitioners, v. JOSELITO L. ESTRELLA, Respondent. :




G.R. No. 197789, July 08, 2013 - PNOC-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND/OR PAUL A. AQUINO, FRANCIS A. PALAFOX, Petitioners, v. JOSELITO L. ESTRELLA, Respondent.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 197789, July 08, 2013

PNOC-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND/OR PAUL A. AQUINO, FRANCIS A. PALAFOX, Petitioners, v. JOSELITO L. ESTRELLA, Respondent.

R E S O L U T I O N

PERLAS-BERNABE, J.:

 

Assailed in this petition for review on certiorari1 are the March 21, 2011 Decision2 and July 20, 2011 Resolution3 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 98841, finding no grave abuse of discretion on the part of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) which, in its November 30, 20064 and March 30, 20075 Resolutions, held that respondent Joselito L. Estrella (Estrella) was illegally dismissed from his employment.

The Facts

At the time of his dismissal, Estrella was the Senior Logistics Assistant6 at the Materials Control Department of petitioner PNOC-Energy Development Corporation (PNOC-EDC), then a government-owned and controlled corporation7 engaged in the exploration and utilization of renewable energy resources. As Senior Logistics Assistant, Estrella�s duties included initiating and handling the terms and conditions for the bidding of heavy and support equipment rentals for PNOC-EDC�s project locations, and evaluating and recommending bid contracts for management approval.8

Records show that PNOC-EDC opened the technical and financial bids for its 2004 Annual Contract on Heavy/Support Equipment Rental for SNGPF (EDC 03-191) (2004 Contract) on December 4, 2003 and February 14, 2004, respectively. The evaluation and post-qualification of bids were conducted from February to May 2004.9

As part of the bidding process, Estrella carried out an inspection on May 13, 200410 wherein JR Car Services, owned by Dumaguete-based contractor Remigio11 S. P. Jacobe (Jacobe), qualified as the first priority contractor for the Asian Utility Vehicle (AUV) Category, having offered three (3) units for lease at the rental rate of P1,250.00 per day.12 Accordingly, the vehicles of JR Car Services were included in the bid summary for the 2004 Contract (Bid Summary).

On January 20, 2005, Jacobe, who also claimed to be a distributor of Dream Satellite Cable units (cable unit), executed an Affidavit13 charging Estrella with irregularities in dealing with JR Car Services� bid. He narrated how Estrella manipulated the bid tabulation by altering the field copy of the Bid Summary to reflect one (1) unit instead of the qualified bid for three (3) units, and, in a series of text messages,14 asked for a free cable unit, among other favors, in exchange for a positive treatment of JR Car Services� future bids.15 Realizing Estrella�s power and influence, Jacobe eventually acceded and gave him a free cable unit.

Prompted by Jacobe�s Affidavit, PNOC-EDC�s Senior Manager, petitioner Francis A. Palafox, formed an audit committee to investigate the charges. In its Detailed Audit Report16 dated April 11, 2005, the audit committee discovered that the bid of JR Car Services in the AUV Category was altered from three (3) units to one (1) unit in the field copy of the Bid Summary, to which Estrella affixed his initials. However, in the final copy of the Bid Summary, no alterations were reflected.17 Estrella was also found to have accepted bids from a certain EGS Enterprises despite non-compliance with the required bid specifications and non-submission of competent proofs of ownership.18

Thus, Estrella was charged to have committed willful acts of dishonesty, consisting of his alteration and/or tampering of lessors� bids, acceptance of disqualified bids, manipulation of bid summary, and extortion.19 On April 28, 2005, he was required20 to show cause why no disciplinary action should be taken against him.

In his written explanation dated April 29, 2005,21 Estrella admitted the alteration but explained that he did so in order to reflect the results of a second inspection he conducted on June 30, 2004, which he found necessary considering that JR Car Services had no actual service vehicles available during the first inspection. During the second inspection, Jacobe presented only one (1) vehicle and informed Estrella that the two (2) other vehicles included in the original bid had already been disposed. Thus, Estrella altered the number of JR Car Services� vehicles from three (3) units to one (1) unit in the Bid Summary,22 which he claimed to be only his �working paper.�23 He also denied having demanded a free cable unit from Jacobe, averring instead that he purchased one.24 With respect to the text messages which he purportedly sent to Jacobe, he contended that they were merely fabricated and intended to harass him. As for the disqualified bids of EGS Enterprises, he explained that EGS Enterprises� bid rate was lower than that of JR Car Services and that the engagement of its vehicles did not cause undue injury or damage to PNOC-EDC, but rather, was more advantageous to it.25

Subsequently, an Investigation/Disciplinary Action Committee (Committee) was formed to further probe into the matter, before whom Estrella personally testified.26 After the investigation, the Committee recommended27 Estrella�s dismissal for willful dishonesty, extortion, grave misconduct and misbehavior, and abuse of authority, on account of his alteration, tampering or manipulation of the Bid Summary as well as his attempt to extort from Jacobe.28 However, one of the Committee members, a certain D. D. Guevara (Guevara), opined that dismissal may be too harsh a penalty and instead recommended that Estrella be suspended, considering that PNOC-EDC eventually engaged two (2) more of JR Car Services� vehicles.29

On July 5, 2005, Estrella was dismissed,30 prompting him to file a complaint for illegal dismissal, with prayer for reinstatement and payment of full backwages and exemplary damages, against petitioners.

The LA Ruling

After due proceedings, the Labor Arbiter found31 Estrella to have been illegally dismissed, observing that he did not act with bad faith and malice in the performance of his duties. Citing the opinion of Guevara, the LA held that Jacobe could not validly claim that the engagement of his vehicles was hinged upon Estrella�s demand for a free cable unit since he was fully aware that he was not limited to only one (1) vehicle in the 2004 Contract.32 Jacobe even failed to state in his affidavit that Estrella was the source of the altered Bid Summary and that the latter used the same to extort a free cable unit.

Finally, the LA noted Jacobe�s inconsistent statements when inquired as to his motive for executing the affidavit against Estrella.  Initially, Jacobe claimed that he was infuriated (�Bumagsak talaga pisi ko�) when he learned that his vehicles would not be engaged, but later, he stated that he gave the cable unit to Estrella as a token of gratitude (�pasasalamat�).33 Thus, the LA ruled that there were doubts as to the truth of the charges of extortion, willful dishonesty and misbehavior against Estrella.

In sum, the LA held that Estrella�s infractions were not major violations but only minor ones which did not merit the penalty of dismissal. Hence, the LA ordered PNOC-EDC to reinstate Estrella to his former or equivalent position without loss of seniority rights and privileges and to pay him his full backwages and other benefits from the date of his dismissal up to his reinstatement.

The NLRC Ruling

On appeal, the NLRC affirmed34in toto the LA�s decision, upholding its finding that the inconsistencies in Jacobe�s statements rendered doubtful the charges against Estrella. It echoed the LA�s opinion that Estrella�s infractions were minor ones which did not merit the penalty of dismissal. Petitioners� motion for reconsideration was denied on March 30, 2007.35

The CA Ruling

In its assailed Decision,36 the CA found no grave abuse of discretion on the part of the NLRC in sustaining the LA�s decision. Nonetheless, the CA conceded that Estrella did indeed commit infractions but ruled that dismissal was an inappropriate penalty, considering his 21 long years of unblemished service with PNOC-EDC. Petitioners� motion for reconsideration therefrom was denied.37

The Issue Before The Court

The sole issue in this case is whether the CA erred in affirming the labor tribunals� pronouncement that Estrella had been illegally dismissed.

The Court�s Ruling

The petition lacks merit.

Fundamental is the rule that an employee can be dismissed from employment only for a valid cause. Serious misconduct is one of the just causes for termination under Article 282 of the Labor Code, which reads in part:cralavvonlinelawlibrary

ART. 282. Termination By Employer. � An employer may terminate an employment for any of the following causes:cralavvonlinelawlibrary

(a) Serious misconduct or willful disobedience by the employee of the lawful orders of his employer or representative in connection with his work;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary

x x x x

Thus, not every form of misconduct can be considered as a just cause for termination. The law explicitly qualifies that the misconduct must be both serious and made in connection with the employee�s work. As clarified in Cosmos Bottling Corp. v. Fermin:38

Misconduct involves �the transgression of some established and definite rule of action, forbidden act, a dereliction of duty, willful in character, and implies wrongful intent and not mere error in judgment.� For misconduct to be serious and therefore a valid ground for dismissal, it must be (1) of grave and aggravated character and not merely trivial or unimportant and (2) connected with the work of the employee.39 (Emphasis and underscoring supplied)

In this relation, it is well to stress that the employer bears the burden of proving, through substantial evidence, that the aforesaid just cause � or any other valid cause for that matter � forms the basis of the employee�s dismissal from work.40 Substantial evidence is the amount of relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion, even if other minds, equally reasonable, might conceivably opine otherwise.41  As long as this evidentiary threshold is met, the dismissal of the employee should, as a general rule, be upheld.

Applying these principles to the case at bar, the Court finds that the CA committed no reversible error when it found no grave abuse of discretion on the part of both the LA and NLRC in ruling that Estrella was illegally dismissed from his employment.

Records disclose that PNOC-EDC dismissed Estrella on the ground of serious misconduct42 which was mainly hinged on Estrella�s alteration and/or tampering of lessors� bids and extortion.

Petitioners impute that Estrella used his position and authority to exert undue pressure on Jacobe to give in to his personal demands, and in the process, tainted the integrity of PNOC-EDC�s bidding process. This conclusion was largely based on the Committee�s finding that Estrella altered JR Car Services� bid from three (3) units to one (1) unit for the AUV Category, coupled with the fact that Estrella sent several text messages to Jacobe asking for personal favors, such as a free cable unit. Ruling on the matter, the LA, the NLRC, and the CA all observed that such infraction was only minor in nature which did not warrant his dismissal.

The Court agrees.

While Estrella himself admitted that he did alter JR Car Services� bid from three (3) vehicles to one (1) in the Bid Summary which he himself initialed, he provided a reasonable excuse therefor � that is, he only did so to reflect the results of his second inspection where he found that only one vehicle was available for lease. It is well to stress that the alteration was only made in a field copy which, as Estrella explains, was acquired by his supervisor and sent to the accounting department without his knowledge. Although PNOC-EDC remarked that the fact that Estrella initialed the said field copy proved his intent to make the alteration official, this supposition, bereft of any substantial evidence to corroborate such a conclusion, remains highly-speculative and thus, cannot be given credence. Besides, as it turned out, the alleged alterations did not appear in the final copy of the Bid Summary, negating any complications on the company�s bidding process. In fact, PNOC-EDC eventually engaged two (2) more of JR Car Services� vehicles in August 2004. Thus, for these reasons, it cannot be gainsaid that Estrella�s mistake, if any, hardly qualifies as serious misconduct as contemplated by law, denying his employer�s right to dismiss him based on the same.

To note, neither do the text messages sent to Jacobe predicate any corrupt motive on Estrella�s part since the causal connection between these messages and the conduct of Estrella�s bid inspection and/or approval was not adequately shown. Moreover, the credibility of Estrella�s version of the incident grows even stronger when taken in light of Jacobe�s inconsistent statements before the Committee. Therefore, absent substantial evidence to prove that the subject text messages were actually tied up to any form of extortion, Estrella�s termination for such actuations cannot be sustained.

WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED. The March 21, 2011 Decision and July 20, 2011 Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 99841 are hereby AFFIRMED.

SO ORDERED.

Carpio, (Chairperson), Del Castillo, Perez, and Mendoza,* JJ., concur.


Endnotes:


* Designated Acting Member per Special Order No. 1484 dated July 9, 2013.cralawlibrary

1Rollo, pp. 3-30.cralawlibrary

2 Id. at 37-52. Penned by Associate Justice Japar B. Dimaampao, with Presiding Justice Andres B. Reyes, Jr., and Associate Justice Jane Aurora C. Lantion, concurring.cralawlibrary

3 Id. at 53-54.cralawlibrary

4 Id. at 100-110. Docketed as NLRC NCR 00-08-06762-05.  Penned by Presiding Commissioner Raul T. Aquino, with Commissioners Victoriano R. Calaycay and Angelita A. Gacutan (on leave), concurring.cralawlibrary

5 Id. at 97-99. Penned by Presiding Commissioner Raul T. Aquino, with Commissioner Angelita A. Gacutan, concurring.cralawlibrary

6 Id. at 261.cralawlibrary

7 Id. at 5. On November 29, 2007, PNOC-EDC became Energy Development Corporation (EDC), a private corporation.cralawlibrary

8 Id. at 203.cralawlibrary

9 Id. at 63-64.cralawlibrary

10 Id. at 64.cralawlibrary

11 Also �Remegio� in the records.cralawlibrary

12 Id. at 211.cralawlibrary

13 Id. at 211-215.cralawlibrary

14 Id. at 212-214. The text messages read as follows: (a) July 4, 2004, 20:02:13: �Di ko pa gagawin report ko na 3 units auv mo hanggat wala dream cable ko.� (b) July 30, 2004, 16:44:09: �Malabo na ba cable ko?� (c) August 10, 2004, 14:39:56: �Pre, palihug wala pamasahe Mimi pa Ormoc kasi pinapunta ko sya Saturday may trabaho ako doon, baka pwede hati tayo don?�

x x x x

15 Id. at 211. In the 2004 bid, JR Car Services� entries were considered �FIRST PRIORITY� for the �AUV� Category, having submitted three (3) units of AUV, 12-14 seater, at a rental rate of P1,250.00 per day. JR Car Services was also considered the third-priority contractor for the �PICK-UP DOUBLE CAB DIESEL 4WD� Category for his four (4) units of Pick-up Double Cab Diesel-powered, 4-wheel drive, at a rental rate of P2,400.00 per day.cralawlibrary

16 Id. at 56-61.cralawlibrary

17 Id. at 56.cralawlibrary

18 Id. at 57.cralawlibrary

19 Id. at 60.cralawlibrary

20 Id. at 134.cralawlibrary

21 Id. at 135-138.cralawlibrary

22 Id. at 66.cralawlibrary

23 Id.cralawlibrary

24 Id. at 71.cralawlibrary

25 Id. at 64.cralawlibrary

26 Id. at 62.cralawlibrary

27 Id. at 62-74.cralawlibrary

28 Id. at 74.cralawlibrary

29 Id. at 73.cralawlibrary

30 Id. at 156.cralawlibrary

31 Id. at 261-276. Decision dated January 18, 2006. Penned by Labor Arbiter Felipe P. Pati.cralawlibrary

32 Id. at 272.cralawlibrary

33 Id. at 273.cralawlibrary

34 Id. at 100-110.cralawlibrary

35 Id. at 97-99.cralawlibrary

36 Id. at 37-52.cralawlibrary

37 Id. at 53-54.cralawlibrary

38 G.R. Nos. 193676 & 194303, June 20, 2012, 674 SCRA 310.cralawlibrary

39 Id. at 318.cralawlibrary

40 See Caltex (Philippines), Inc. v. Agad, G.R. No. 162017, April 23, 2010, 619 SCRA 196, 207.cralawlibrary

41AMA Computer College-East Rizal v. Ignacio, G.R. No. 178520, June 23, 2009, 590 SCRA 633, 652.cralawlibrary

42Rollo, p. 156.



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  • G.R. No. 190340, July 24, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROGELIO RAMOS AND MARISSA INTERO RAMOS, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 179638, July 08, 2013 - HEIRS OF NUMERIANO MIRANDA, SR., namely: CIRILA (deceased), CORNELIO, NUMERIANO, JR., ERLINDA, LOLITA, RUFINA, DANILO, ALEJANDRO, FELIMON, TERESITA, ELIZABETH AND ANALIZA, ALL SURNAMED MIRANDA, Petitioners, v. PABLO R. MIRANDA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 173587, July 15, 2013 - ZUELLIG PHARMA CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. ALICE M. SIBAL, MA. TERESA J. BARISO, PRESCILLANO L. GONZALES, LAURA B. BERNARDO, MAMERTA R. ZITA, JOSEPHINE JUDY C. GARCIA, MENDOZA,* AND MA. ASUNCION B. HERCE, EDITHA D. CARPITANOS, MA. LUZ B. BUENO, DANTE C. VERASTIGUE,** AGNES R. ALCOBER, ARWIN Y. CRUZ, ADONIS F. OCAMPO, SOPHIA P. ANGELES, JOEL B. BUSTAMANTE, EDITHA B. COLE, LUDIVINA C. PACIA, ROSELLE M. DIZON, RODOLFO A. ABCEDE, WILFREDO RICAFRENTE, RODOLFO R. ROBERTO, ROSALIE R. LUNAR, BENJAMIN R. CALAYCAY, GUILLERO YAP CADORNA, THROVADORE TOBOSO, CAROLINA S. UY, MARIA LORETTO M. REGIS, ALMAR C. CALUAG,** VILMA R. SAPIWOSO, ANATALIA L. CALPITO, FELIPE S. CALINAWAN, VIVIELIZA DELMAR MANULAT, MA. LIZA L. RAFINAN,** AMMIE V. GATILAO, ALEX B. SADAYA AND REGINO EDDIE PANGA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 174912, July 24, 2013 - BPI EMPLOYEES UNION-DAVAO CITY-FUBU (BPIEU-DAVAO CITY-FUBU), Petitioner, v. BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS (BPI), AND BPI OFFICERS CLARO M. REYES, CECIL CONANAN AND GEMMA VELEZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197360, July 03, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RONALD CREDO AKA �ONTOG,� RANDY CREDO AND ROLANDO CREDO Y SAN BUENAVENTURA, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 199082, G.R. NO. 199085, G.R. NO. 199118, July 23, 2013 - JOSE MIGUEL T. ARROYO, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE; COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS; HON. LEILA DE LIMA, IN HER CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE; HON. SIXTO BRILLANTES, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHAIRPERSON OF THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS; AND THE JOINT DOJ-COMELEC PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE AND FACT-FINDING TEAM, Respondents.; G.R. NO. 199085 - BENJAMIN S. ABALOS, SR., Petitioner, v. HON. LEILA DE LIMA, IN HER CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF JUSTICE; HON. SIXTO S. BRILLANTES, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS COMELEC CHAIRPERSON; RENE V. SARMIENTO, LUCENITO N. TAGLE, ARMANDO V. VELASCO, ELIAS R. YUSOPH, CHRISTIAN ROBERT S. LIM AND AUGUSTO C. LAGMAN, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS COMELEC COMMISSIONERS; CLARO A. ARELLANO, GEORGE C. DEE, JACINTO G. ANG, ROMEO B. FORTES AND MICHAEL D. VILLARET, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS CHAIRPERSON AND MEMBERS, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE JOINT DOJ-COMELEC PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE ON THE 2004 AND 2007 ELECTION FRAUD RESPONDENTS.; G.R. NO. 199118 - GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, REPRESENTED BY CHAIRPERSON SIXTO S. BRILLANTES, JR., DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, REPRESENTED BY SECRETARY LEILA M. DE LIMA, JOINT DOJ-COMELEC PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE, SENATOR AQUILINO M. PIMENTEL III, AND DOJ-COMELEC FACT-FINDING TEAM, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 175844, July 29, 2013 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. SARABIA MANOR HOTEL CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192571, July 23, 2013 - ABBOTT LABORATORIES, PHILIPPINES, CECILLE A. TERRIBLE, EDWIN D. FEIST, MARIA OLIVIA T. YABUT-MISA, TERESITA C. BERNARDO, AND ALLAN G. ALMAZAR, Petitioners, v. PEARLIE ANN F. ALCARAZ, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. 11-10-03-0, July 30, 2013 - RE: LETTER DATED APRIL 18, 2011 OF CHIEF PUBLIC ATTORNEY PERSIDA RUEDA-ACOSTA REQUESTING EXEMPTION FROM THE PAYMENT OF SHERIFF�S EXPENSES

  • G.R. No. 179607, July 24, 2013 - CIRILA MANOTA, FOR HERSELF AND IN BEHALF OF HER CHILDREN, CLAIRE, CATHERINE, CHARLES, PHILIP CHRISTOPHER, CARMI JOY, CARLO JOHN AND CEDRIC JAMES, Petitioners, v. AVANTGARDE SHIPPING CORPORATION AND/OR SEMBAWANG JOHNSON MANAGEMENT PTE., LTD, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 185740, July 23, 2013 - THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT OF CAMARINES NORTE, REPRESENTED BY GOVERNOR JESUS O. TYPOCO, JR., Petitioner, v. BEATRIZ O. GONZALES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 179146, July 23, 2013 - HOLY CHILD CATHOLIC SCHOOL, Petitioner, v. HON. PATRICIA STO. TOMAS, IN HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT, AND PINAG-ISANG TINIG AT LAKAS NG ANAKPAWIS � HOLY CHILD CATHOLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS AND EMPLOYEES LABOR UNION (HCCS-TELU-PIGLAS), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 170677, July 31, 2013 - VSD REALTY & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. UNIWIDE SALES, INC. AND DOLORES BAELLO TEJAD, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 183608, July 13, 2013 - FAUSTINO T. CHINGKOE AND GLORIA CHINGKOE, Petitioners, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE BUREAU OF CUSTOMS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203585, July 29, 2013 - MILA CABOVERDE TANTANO AND ROSELLER CABOVERDE, Petitioners, v. DOMINALDA ESPINA�CABOVERDE, EVE CABOVERDE-YU, FE CABOVERDE-LABRADOR, AND JOSEPHINE E. CABOVERDE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 194709, July 31, 2013 - MINETTE BAPTISTA, BANNIE EDSEL SAN MIGUEL, AND MA. FE DAYON, Petitioners, v. ROSARIO VILLANUEVA, JANETTE ROLDAN, DANILO OLAYVAR, ONOFRE ESTRELLA, CATALINO LEDDA, MANOLO GUBANGCO, GILBERT ORIBIANA, CONSTANCIO SANTIAGO, RUTH BAYQUEN, RUBY CASTANEDA, ALFRED LANDAS, JR., ROSELYN GARCES, EUGENE CRUZ, MENANDRO SAMSON, FEDERICO MUNOZ AND SALVADOR DIWA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 172846, July 24, 2013 - MANILA POLO CLUB EMPLOYEES� UNION (MPCEU) FUR-TUCP, Petitioner, v. MANILA POLO CLUB, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189028, July 16, 2013 - NATIONAL ARTIST FOR LITERATURE VIRGILIO ALMARIO, NATIONAL ARTIST FOR LITERATURE BIENVENIDO LUMBERA, NATIONAL ARTIST FOR VISUAL ARTS (PAINTING) BENEDICTO CABRERA, NATIONAL ARTIST FOR VISUAL ARTS (SCULPTURE) NAPOLEON ABUEVA, NATIONAL ARTIST FOR VISUAL ARTS (PAINTING AND SCULPTURE) ARTURO LUZ, NATIONAL ARTIST FOR PRODUCTION DESIGN SALVADOR BERNAL, UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR EMERITUS GEMINO ABAD, DEAN MARVIC M.V.F. LEONEN (UP COLLEGE OF LAW), DEAN DANILO SILVESTRE (UP COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE), DEAN ROLAND TOLENTINO (UP COLLEGE OF MASS COMMUNICATION), PROF. JOSE DALISAY, DR. ANTON JUAN, DR. ALEXANDER CORTEZ, DR. JOSE NEIL GARCIA, DR. PEDRO JUN CRUZ REYES, PROF. JOSE CLAUDIO GUERRERO, PROF. MICHAEL M. COROZA, PROF. GERARD LICO, PROF. VERNE DE LA PENA, PROF. MARIAN ABUAN, PROF. THEODORE O. TE, DR. CRISTINA PANTOJA-HIDALGO, PROF. JOSE WENDELL CAPILI, PROF. SIR ANRIAL TIATCO, PROF. NICOLO DEL CASTILLO, PROF. HORACIO DUMANLIG, PROF. DANTON REMOTO, PROF. PRISCELINA PATAJO-LEGASTO, PROF. BELEN CALINGACION, PROF. AMIEL Y. LEONARDIA, PROF. VIM NADERA, PROF. MARILYN CANTA, PROF. CECILIA DELA PAZ, PROF. CHARLSON ONG, PROF. CLOD MARLON YAMBAO, PROF. KENNETH JAMANDRE, PROF. JETHRO JOAQUIN, ATTY. F.D. NICOLAS B. PICHAY, ATTY. ROSE BEATRIX ANGELES, MR. FERNANDO JOSEF, MS. SUSAN S. LARA, MR. ALFRED YUSON, MS. JING PANGANIBAN-MENDOZA, MR. ROMULO BAQUIRAN, JR., MR. CARLJOE JAVIER, MS. REBECCA T. ANONUEVO, MR. JP ANTHONY D. CUNADA, MS. LEAH NAVARRO, MR. MARK MEILLY, MR. VERGEL O. SANTOS, MR. GIL OLEA MENDOZA, MR. EDGAR C. SAMAR, MS. CHRISTINE BELLEN, MR. ANGELO R. LACUESTA, MS. ANNA MARIA KATIGBAK-LACUESTA, MR. LEX LEDESMA, MS. KELLY PERIQUET, MS. CARLA PACIS, MR. J. ALBERT GAMBOA, MR. CESAR EVANGELISTA BUENDIA, MR. PAOLO ALCAZAREN, MR. ALWYN C. JAVIER, MR. RAYMOND MAGNO GARLITOS, MS. GANG BADOY, MR. LESLIE BOCOBO, MS. FRANCES BRETANA, MS. JUDITH TORRES, MS. JANNETTE PINZON, MS. JUNE POTICAR-DALISAY, MS. CAMILLE DE LA ROSA, MR. JAMES LADIORAY, MR. RENATO CONSTANTINO, JR., AND CONCERNED ARTISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES (CAP), Petitioners, v. THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT, THE CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES, THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CULTURE AND THE ARTS, MS. CECILE GUIDOTE-ALVAREZ, MR. CARLO MAGNO JOSE CAPARAS,1 MR. JOSE MORENO, MR. FRANCISCO MA�OSA, AND ALL PERSONS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE, ACTING UNDER THEIR INSTRUCTIONS, DIRECTION, CONTROL AND SUPERVISION IN RELATION TO THE CONFERMENT OF THE ORDER OF THE NATIONAL ARTIST AND THE RELEASE OF FUNDS IN RELATION TO THE CONFERMENT OF THE HONORS AND PRIVILEGES OF THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS ON RESPONDENTS GUIDOTE-ALVAREZ, CAPARAS, MORENO AND MA�OSA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189316, July 01, 2013 - PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES BERNARD AND CRESENCIA MARA�ON, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 184908, July 03, 2013 - MAJOR JOEL G. CANTOS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192394, July 03, 2013 - ROY D. PASOS, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 177763, July 03, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GARY VERGARA Y ORIEL AND JOSEPH INOCENCIO1 y PAULINO, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 181277, July 03, 2013 - SWEDISH MATCH PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. THE TREASURER OF THE CITY OF MANILA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198240, July 03, 2013 - LUISA NAVARRO MARCOS*, Petitioner, v. THE HEIRS OF THE LATE DR. ANDRES NAVARRO, JR., NAMELY NONITA NAVARRO, FRANCISCA NAVARRO MALAPITAN, SOLEDAD NAVARRO BROCHLER, NONITA BARRUN NAVARRO, JR., IMELDA NAVARRO, ANDRES NAVARRO III, MILAGROS NAVARRO YAP, PILAR NAVARRO, TERESA NAVARRO-TABITA, AND LOURDES BARRUN-REJUSO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 188217, July 03, 2013 - FERNANDO M. ESPINO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199932, July 03, 2013 - CAMILO A. ESGUERRA, Petitioner, v. UNITED PHILIPPINES LINES, INC., BELSHIPS MANAGEMENT (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD., AND/OR FERNANDO T. LISING, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 159213, July 03, 2013 - VECTOR SHIPPING CORPORATION AND FRANCISCO SORIANO, Petitioners, v. AMERICAN HOME ASSURANCE COMPANY AND SULPICIO LINES, INC., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198534, July 03, 2013 - JENNY F. PECKSON, Petitioner, v. ROBINSONS SUPERMARKET CORPORATION, JODY GADIA, ROENA SARTE, AND RUBY ALEX, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192179, July 03, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. LITO HATSERO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 182349, July 24, 2013 - REMAN RECIO, Petitioner, v. HEIRS OF THE SPOUSES AGUEDO AND MARIA ALTAMIRANO, NAMELY: ALEJANDRO, ADELAIDA, CATALINA, ALFREDO, FRANCISCO, ALL SURNAMED ALTAMIRANO; VIOLETA ALTAMIRANO OLFATO, AND LORETA ALTAMIRANO VDA. DE MARALIT AND SPOUSES LAURO AND MARCELINA LAJARCA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 185160, July 24, 2013 - POLYMER RUBBER CORPORATION AND JOSEPH ANG, Petitioners, v. BAYOLO SALAMUDING, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192896, July 24, 2013 - DREAM VILLAGE NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATION, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS INCUMBENT PRESIDENT, GREG SERIEGO, Petitioner, v. BASES CONVERSION DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 7686, July 31, 2013 - JAIME JOVEN AND REYNALDO C. RASING, Ccomplainants, v. ATTYS. PABLO R. CRUZ AND FRANKIE O. MAGSALIN III, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 181539, July 24, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EDWIN ALEMAN Y LONGHAS, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 188046, July 24, 2013 - LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. AMERICAN RUBBER CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 181163, July 24, 2013 - ASIAN TERMINALS, INC., Petitioner, v. PHILAM INSURANCE CO., INC. (NOW CHARTIS PHILIPPINES INSURANCE, INC.), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 181444, July 17, 2013 - BOBBY �ABEL� AVELINO Y BULAWAN, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197250, July 17, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. REYNALDO �ANDY� SOMOZA Y HANDAYA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 201728, July 17, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARVIN CRUZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 160739, July 17, 2013 - ANITA MANGILA, Petitioner, v. JUDGE HERIBERTO M. PANGILINAN, ASST.CITY PROSECUTOR II LUCIA JUDY SOLINAP, AND NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (DIRECTOR REYNALDO WYCOCO), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 173307, July 17, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VICTORINO REYES, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 157900, July 22, 2013 - ZUELLIG FREIGHT AND CARGO SYSTEMS, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION AND RONALDO V. SAN MIGUEL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189343, July 10, 2013 - BENILDA N. BACASMAS, Petitioner, v. SANDIGANBAYAN AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.; G.R. NO. 189369 - ALAN C. GAVIOLA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.; G.R. NO. 189553 - EUSTAQUIO B. CESA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 168951& 169000, July 17, 2013 - DR. ROGER R. POSADAS AND DR. ROLANDO P. DAYCO, Petitioners, v. SANDIGANBAYAN AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 201979, July 10, 2013 - GILDA C. FERNANDEZ AND BERNADETTE A. BELTRAN, Petitioners, v. NEWFIELD STAFF SOLUTIONS, INC./ARNOLD �JAY� LOPEZ, JR., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198020, July 10, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOSEPH BARRA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 195528, July 04, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOSE CLARA Y BUHAIN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 162385, July 15, 2013 - SAMAR-MED DISTRIBUTION, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, AND JOSAFAT GUTANG, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 172504, July 31, 2013 - DONNA C. NAGTALON, Petitioner, v. UNITED COCONUT PLANTERS BANK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197725, July 31, 2013 - MARK ANTHONY ESTEBAN (IN SUBSTITUTION OF THE DECEASED GABRIEL O. ESTEBAN), Petitioner, v. SPOUSES RODRIGO C. MARCELO AND CARMEN T. MARCELO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 188708, July 31, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. ALAMADA MACABANDO, Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 179326, July 31, 2013 - LUCIANO P. CA�EDO,* Petitioner, v. KAMPILAN SECURITY AND DETECTIVE AGENCY, INC. AND RAMONCITO L. ARQUIZA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013 - SALLY YOSHIZAKI, Petitioner, v. JOY TRAINING CENTER OF AURORA, INC., Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-10-2789 (formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 09-3181-P), July 31, 2013 - DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY ATTY. BENILDA A. TEJADA, Complainant, v. DAMVIN V. FAMERO, SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 43, ROXAS, ORIENTAL MINDORO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 165014, July 31, 2013 - HEIRS OF ALEJANDRA DELFIN, NAMELY: LEOPOLDO DELFIN (DECEASED), REPRESENTED BY HIS SPOUSE, LUZ C. DELFIN, AND CHILDREN, LELANE C. DELFIN AND ANASTACIA C. DELFIN, MARCELITO DELFIN, FRANCISCO DELFIN, APOLLO DELFIN, ABRILES DELFIN, LYDIA D. DACULAN, OLIVIA D. CABALLERO, ALEJANDRO DELFIN, JULITO DELFIN, AND CANDIDO DELFIN, JR., Petitioners, v. AVELINA RABADON, PACIANO PANOGALING, HILARIA RABADON, PABLO BOQUILLA, CATALINA RABADON, PACIANO RABAYA, FE RABADON, GONZALO DABON, AND ROBERTO RABADON, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 186509, July 29, 2013 - PHILMAN MARINE AGENCY, INC. (NOW DOHLE-PHILMAN MANNING AGENCY, INC.) AND/OR DOHLE (IOM) LIMITED, Petitioners, v. ARMANDO S. CABANBAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 159371, July 29, 2013 - D. M. CONSUNJI CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. ROGELIO P. BELLO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206236, July 15, 2013 - GILFREDO BACOLOD, A.K.A. GILARDO BACOLOD, Accused-Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 186610, July 29, 2013 - POLICE SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT DIMAPINTO MACAWADIB, Petitioner, v. THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE DIRECTORATE FOR PERSONNEL AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 161075, July 15, 2013 - RAFAEL JOSE CONSING, JR., Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 181119, July 31, 2013 - ARNEL ALICANDO Y BRIONES, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189570, July 31, 2013 - HEIRS OF SANTIAGO NISPEROS, TEODORICO NISPEROS, RESTITUTA LARON, CARMELITA H. NISPEROS, VIRGILIO H. NISPEROS, CONCHITA H. NISPEROS, PURITA H. NISPEROS, PEPITO H. NISPEROS, REBECCA H. NISPEROS, ABRAHAM H. NISPEROS, IGNACIO F. NISPEROS, RODOLFO F. NISPEROS, RAYMUNDO F. NISPEROS, RENATO F. NISPEROS, FE N. MUNAR, BENITO F. NISPEROS, REYNALDO N. NISPEROS, MELBA N. JOSE, ELY N. GADIANO, REPRESENTED BY TEODORICO NISPEROS, Petitioners, v. MARISSA NISPEROS-DUCUSIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 196973, July 31, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RUPER POSING Y ALAYON, Accused-Appellant.

  • OCA I.P.I. NO. 11-3589-RTJ, July 29, 2013 - KONRAD A. RUBIN AND CONRADO C. RUBIN, Complainants, v. JUDGE EVELYN CORPUS-CABOCHAN, PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 98, QUEZON CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 191219, July 31, 2013 - SPO1 RAMON LIHAYLIHAY1 AND C/INSP. VIRGILIO V. VINLUAN, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 161211, July 17, 2013 - SPOUSES CELSO DICO, SR. AND ANGELES DICO, Petitioners, v. VIZCAYA MANAGEMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 173226, July 29, 2013 - LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. MANUEL O. GALLEGO, JR., JOSEPH L. GALLEGO AND CHRISTOPHER L. GALLEGO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 188767, July 24, 2013 - SPOUSES ARGOVAN AND FLORIDA GADITANO, Petitioners, v. SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189121, July 31, 2013 - AMELIA GARCIA-QUIAZON, JENNETH QUIAZON AND MARIA JENNIFER QUIAZON, Petitioners, v. MA. LOURDES BELEN, FOR AND IN BEHALF OF MARIA LOURDES ELISE QUIAZON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192685, July 31, 2013 - OSCAR R. AMPIL, Petitioner, v. THE HON. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, POLICARPIO L. ESPENESIN, REGISTRAR, REGISTER OF DEEDS, PASIG CITY, FRANCIS SERRANO, YVONNE S. YUCHENGCO, AND GEMA O. CHENG, Respondents.; G.R. No. 199115 - OSCAR R. AMPIL, Petitioner, v. POLICARPIO L. ESPENESIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 175666, July 29, 2013 - MANILA BANKERS LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. CRESENCIA P. ABAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 165386, July 29, 2013 - NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES SALVADOR AND NENITA CRUZ, SPOUSES EDMUNDO AND MERLA BARZAGA, SPOUSES CRISANTO AND JULIETA DELA CRUZ, SPOUSES LORENZO AND ROSALINA PALAGANAS, SPOUSES RICARDO AND LOLITA SAGUID, SPOUSES CARMELITA A-ND RESTITUTO ALCID, HIPOLITA NASALGA, CRISELDA AND 'REDENTOR REYES, ILUMINADA ALIPIO, REYNALDO ALIPIO, CORAZON PELAYO, SPOUSES ROLANDO AND FELICIDAD BOANGUTS, SPOUSES JOSELLTO AND CAROLINE MENDOZA, SPOUSES ERLINDA AND CELSO DE GUZMAN, SPOUSES MIGUEL AND VIRGINIA CASAS, SPOUSES ERLINDA AND CELSO DICCION, MA. RENITA MARIANO, VICTORIA ESPIRITU, SPOUSES VICTOR AND ROSARION SOTELO, RENATO GUIEB, DANIEL STA. MARIA, SPOUSES MELANIO AND SOTERIA TORRES, SPOUSES CIRIACO AND PERLITA BENDIJO, SPOUSES L.ILIA AND DOMINGO TORRES, PACITA TORRES AND GREGORIA.CASTILLO, SPOUSES HILARIO AND AMANDA DONIZA, SPOUSES JEREMIAS AND ISABEL GARCIA, SPOUSES EDUARDO AND MA. MARIN CALDERON, SPOUSES ERNESTO AND PELAGIA LUCAS, CORAZON ACOSTA, TERESITA LACSON AND JULIANA DE GUZMAN, PERLA REYES, SPOUSES ESMELITON AND REMEDIOS ESPIRITU, SPOUSES ROGELIO AND AURORA ABALON, DITAS GARCIA, TERESITA CAPATI, SPOUSES EFREN AND MERCEDES MARTIN, SPOUSES HIPOLITO AND ANTONIA STA. MARIA, DIONISIO AND ATANACIA DOMONDON, JAOQUIN AND MA. THERESA DELA ROSA, SPOUSES ROMULO AND NORMA DUCUSIN, GENOVEVA CRUZ AND A. BAUTISTA, PURITA SUNICO, SPOUSES MINERVA AND ROQUE NUALLA, AND SPOUSES GABINO, JR. AND CRISPINA ALIPIO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198110, July 31, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. WILSON ROMAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 147257, July 31, 2013 - SPOUSES JESUS DYCOCO and JOELA E. DYCOCO, Petitioners, v. THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS, NELLY SIAPNO�SANCHEZ and INOCENCIO BERMA, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 9906, July 29, 2013 - ATTY. LESTER R. NUIQUE, Complainant, v. ATTY. EDUARDO SEDILLO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 191025, July 31, 2013 - RHODORA PRIETO, Petitioner, v. ALPADI DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184622, July 03, 2013 - PHILIPPINE OVERSEAS TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION (POTC) AND PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION (PHILCOMSAT), Petitioners, v. VICTOR AFRICA, ERLINDA I. BILDNER, SYLVIA K. ILUSORIO, HONORIO POBLADOR III, VICTORIA C. DELOS REYES, JOHN BENEDICT SIOSON, AND JOHN/JANE DOES. Respondents.; G.R. Nos. 184712-14 - PHILIPPINE OVERSEAS TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION (POTC) AND PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION (PHILCOMSAT), Petitioners, v. HON. JENNY LIN ALDECOA-DELORINO, PAIRING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF MAKATI CITY-BRANCH 138, VICTOR AFRICA, PURPORTEDLY REPRESENTING PHILCOMSAT, AND JOHN/JANE DOES, Respondents.; G.R. No. 186066 - PHILCOMSAT HOLDINGS CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY CONCEPCION POBLADOR, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION (PHILCOMSAT), REPRESENTED BY VICTOR AFRICA, Respondents.; G.R. No. 186590 - PHILCOMSAT HOLDINGS CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY ERLINDA I. BILDNER, Petitioner, v. PHILCOMSAT HOLDINGS CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY ENRIQUE L. LOCSIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182280, July 29, 2013 - TERESA C. AGUILAR, CESAR D. RAAGAS, VILLAMOR VILLEGAS, AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS FOR THE CITY OF MAKATI, Petitioners. v. MICHAEL J. O�PALLICK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189293, July 10, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VICENTE CANDELLADA, Accused-Appellant.