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Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2013 > September 2013 Decisions > G.R. No. 192253, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLITO ESPENILLA, Accused-Appellant.:




G.R. No. 192253, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLITO ESPENILLA, Accused-Appellant.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

G.R. No. 192253, September 18, 2013

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLITO ESPENILLA, Accused-Appellant.

D E C I S I O N

LEONARDO-DE CASTRO, J.:

The present case is an appeal from the Decision1 dated February 25, 2010 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR.-H.C. No. 01830, entitled People of the Philippines v. Carlito Espenilla, which affirmed the Decision2 dated March 3, 2005 of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Masbate City, Branch 44 in Criminal Case No. 9115. The trial court found appellant Carlito Espenilla guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of simple rape as defined and penalized under Article 335 of the Revised Penal Code.

As stated in the Information3 dated March 30, 1999, the aforementioned crime was committed in the following manner:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
That on or about October 20, 1995, at x x x, Province of Masbate, Philippines, within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the above�named accused with lewd design and by means of violence and intimidation, did then and there willfully, unlawfully and feloniously have carnal knowledge with one AAA,4 a girl of 13 years old, against her will.
It should be noted that appellant was charged under Article 335 of the Revised Penal Code prior to its amendment by Republic Act No. 8353 or the �Anti-Rape Law of 1997� that reclassified and expanded the definition of rape, the provisions of which are now found in Articles 266-A to 266-D under Crimes Against Persons in the Revised Penal Code. This was in light of the fact that the alleged offense was committed prior to the effectivity of said amendment on October 22, 1997.

The case sprang from one of two complaints instituted by AAA with the aid of her father BBB who represented her since she was then a minor. The other complaint for rape was filed against AAA�s grandfather, CCC. The two criminal cases were tried jointly. However, the case against CCC was later dismissed by the trial court owing to the death of the accused.5cralaw virtualaw library

Upon his arraignment on November 18, 1999, appellant entered a plea of �not guilty.�6 Pre-trial of the case was held which was then followed by a trial on the merits. Only AAA testified for the prosecution while the defense offered BBB and the appellant as witnesses.

The facts of this case, as culled in the assailed February 25, 2010 Decision of the Court of Appeals, are as follows:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
[A]t around 7:00 o�clock in the morning of October 20, 1995, while AAA, a Grade 2 pupil in Brgy. Balatucan Elementary School was left in their house in x x x, Masbate with her two younger siblings (as her father and stepmother were in the farm), accused-appellant Carlito Espenilla, who is the brother of her stepmother, arrived and asked her for a tobacco leaf and a newspaper. When AAA went inside the room to get what was asked of her, accused-appellant followed and closed the door behind him. While inside the room, accused-appellant who was then with a bolo, immediately undressed her by taking off her shorts and panty and at the same time warning her not to tell anyone about what is happening, otherwise, she will be killed. After she was undressed, accused-appellant unzipped his pants, put out his private organ, held her, and ordered her to lie down on the floor. With the unsheathed bolo beside them, accused-appellant inserted his penis into AAA�s vagina. AAA cried because of the pain but did not offer any resistance because accused-appellant was very strong and had a bolo that was placed beside her. Neither did she shout because there was no other person in the house (except her younger siblings). And besides, she knows that nobody would come to her rescue. With accused- appellant�s penis inside AAA�s private organ, he then made thrusting motions which lasted for about five (5) minutes and AAA felt something come out from accused-appellant�s penis. When accused-appellant was done, he again warned AAA not to reveal the incident to anybody, otherwise, he would kill her and her family.

In the late afternoon or early evening of the same date, while AAA�s parents were not yet around, accused-appellant came back and raped her again for the second time. Again, she was threatened not to reveal to anyone said incident. Because of fear, she kept the incident to herself. She could not, however, keep it forever as she could no longer suffer in silence. Thus, she ran away from home and took refuge at the house of Brgy. Captain Floro Medina of the nearby barangay of Marintoc. It was there that she was able to unburden herself of her secret. Brgy. Captain Medina then summoned the victim�s father, BBB, and explained to him his daughter�s predicament. Thereafter, BBB accompanied his daughter to the Police Authorities of Mobo where she was investigated. She was also subjected to medical examination by Dr. Enrique O. Legaspi III who issued a Medico-Legal Certificate (Records, p. 81) dated January 7, 1999, with the following findings:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
Name : AAA
Address : x x x, Mobo
Age : 13
Sex : Female
Date and Time of Infliction : 1995 (?) � 1996 (?)
Date and Time of Examination : January 7, 1999, 2:30 p.m.
Findings : Old healed hymenal
: laceration at 3, 6, 9, o�clock position. Admits two fingers with resistance.
A complaint was then lodged before the MCTC of Mobo-Milagros in connection with the aforesaid rape incident. Meanwhile, after AAA�s plight was brought to the attention of the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), AAA was taken from the house of Brgy. Captain Medina and was brought to the Bahay Ampunan of DSWD in Sorsogon where she stayed after the case was filed in Court.

On its turn to present evidence, the defense offered the testimony of the victim�s father BBB and the accused-appellant himself. BBB testified that he was the complainant in the cases filed against herein accused-appellant and CCC, the victim�s grandfather or BBB�s father. He narrated that he was made to believe by her daughter AAA that she was raped by the said two accused on different occasions. However, he allegedly came to realize that the story of rape was not true, that is why he wanted that if it is possible, the cases against the two accused be dismissed by the Court. He then proceeded to affirm and confirm the contents of the Affidavit of Recantation which he claimed he had previously executed. When cross-examined, BBB maintained that he filed the cases against the accused-appellant and CCC (AAA�s grandfather or BBB�s father) because his daughter AAA informed him that she was allegedly raped and not because of the misunderstanding regarding the administration of his father�s property. But when asked by the Court during a clarificatory hearing, BBB easily changed his answer and claimed that what he stated in his Affidavit of Recantation was the truth. That he merely forced his daughter AAA to say that she was raped by CCC and accused-appellant, so that the two will be put to jail. He went further and said that he came to know that the person who actually raped his daughter was someone who was killed by the NPA.

When called to the witness stand, accused-appellant Carlito Espenilla, merely denied the accusation against him and claimed that the charge of rape was fabricated only because of a misunderstanding between him and BBB regarding his non-payment of the Php1,000.00 indebtedness he owed to BBB (the victim�s father). Accused-appellant did not offer an alibi.7
Upon evaluation of the evidence, the trial court found credence in AAA�s version of events and, thus, convicted appellant of the felony of simple rape. The dispositive portion of the assailed March 3, 2005 ruling read:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
WHEREFORE, foregoing premises considered, the Court finds the accused CARLITO ESPENILLA, guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of Rape, defined and penalized under Article 335 of the Revised Penal Code and is hereby sentenced to suffer the penalty of Reclusion Perpetua to pay the amount of P50,000.00 as civil indemnity, P50,000.00 for moral damages, or a total amount of P100,000.00, and to pay the costs.

The accused being a detention prisoner, his detention shall be credited in full in the service of his sentence.8
Appellant then elevated his case to the Court of Appeals in the hope that his conviction would be reversed. However, the Court of Appeals merely affirmed the trial court�s ruling in the assailed February 25, 2010 Decision, the dispositive portion of which provided:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, the appealed Decision dated March 3, 2005 of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Masbate City, Branch 44 in Criminal Case No. 9115 finding herein accused-appellant Carlito Espenilla guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of rape, sentencing him to Reclusion Perpetua and ordering him to pay the amount of Php50,000.00 as civil indemnity; Php50,000.00 as moral damages and costs is hereby AFFIRMED.9
Hence, appellant questions before us the foregoing affirmance of his guilt by propounding the following assignments of error:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
I

THE COURT A QUO GRAVELY ERRED IN GIVING FULL CREDENCE TO THE TESTIMONY OF THE PRIVATE COMPLAINANT.

II

THE COURT A QUO GRAVELY ERRED IN FINDING THE ACCUSED-APPELLANT GUILTY OF THE CRIME OF RAPE DESPITE THE PROSECUTION�S FAILURE TO PROVE HIS GUILT BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT.10
After an assiduous review, we find the present appeal to be without merit.

To reiterate, the incident of rape involved in this case occurred before the enactment of Republic Act No. 8353 and the applicable provision of law is Article 335 of the Revised Penal Code:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
Art. 335. When and how rape is committed. � Rape is committed by having carnal knowledge of a woman under any of the following circumstances:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
  1. By using force or intimidation;

  2. When the woman is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious; and

  3. When the woman is under twelve years of age or is demented.
Based on the foregoing provision, the elements of rape under Article 335 of the Revised Penal Code are: (1) the offender had carnal knowledge of the victim; and (2) such act was accomplished through force or intimidation; or when the victim is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious; or when the victim is under 12 years of age.11cralaw virtualaw library

The records of this case reveal that the prosecution has sufficiently demonstrated that there is ample evidence to prove that appellant had carnal knowledge of the then minor victim through the use of force and intimidation. The testimony of AAA pertaining to the rape incident at issue articulates in blunt detail her horrific experience at the hands of appellant. The pertinent portion of her testimony is quoted here:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
[PROSECUTOR] ALFORTE
Q While you and the accused were inside the house, what happened?
A He undressed me.
Q In what part of the house the accused undressed you? Do you have a room?
A There was a room.
Q Were you undressed inside the room of that house?
A Yes, sir.
Q How about your younger brother, where was he at that time?
A My younger brother cried.
Q Where was he, inside or outside the bedroom?
A Outside the bedroom.
Q Was the accused armed at that time he undressed you?
A Yes, sir.
Q What kind of instrument?
A A bolo.
COURT
Q What did he do with that bolo?
A When I was already nude, he placed the bolo beside me.
Q You told the court that you were told by the accused to undress yourself. Were you able to undress yourself?
A He was the one [who] undressed me.
Q Did he succeed in undressing you?
A Yes, sir.
Q Completely?
A My shorts and my panty.
Q After you were undressed by him, what did the accused do?
A He unzipped his pants and put out his male organ.
Q Did he tell you anything when he undressed you?
A Yes, your Honor.
Q What did he tell you?
A He told me not to reveal this matter, because if I will reveal this to anybody, he is going to kill me.
[PROSECUTOR] ALFORTE
Q When the accused was already undressed and allow his penis to go out, what did he do next?
A He held my breast and inserted his penis. COURT
Q Can you tell us what was your position whether sitting, standing or what?
A I was made to lie down. [PROSECUTOR] ALFORTE
Q You want to impress the court� the Honorable Court when the accused inserted his male organ or penis, you were lying down?
A Yes, sir.
COURT
Q On bed or on the floor?
A On the floor.
Q Did you cry when the accused inserted his penis in your vagina?
A Yes, sir.
Q Did you tell anything to the accused before he inserted his penis in your vagina?
A Yes, sir.
Q What did you tell him?
A I told him it is painful.
COURT
Q You did not resist?
A I did not resist because he is very strong.
Q Where was the bolo at the time?
A Beside me.
x x x x
[PROSECUTOR] ALFORTE
Q Was it unsheathed from the scabbard?
A [It] was unsheathed from the scabbard.12
It is a settled doctrine in our jurisprudence that in a prosecution for rape, the accused may be convicted solely on the basis of the testimony of the victim that is credible, convincing, and consistent with human nature and the normal course of things.13 It is likewise elementary that the issue of credibility of witnesses is resolved primarily by the trial court since it is in a better position to decide the same after having heard the witnesses and observed their conduct, deportment and manner of testifying; accordingly, the findings of the trial court are entitled to the highest degree of respect and will not be disturbed on appeal in the absence of any showing that it overlooked, misunderstood, or misapplied some facts or circumstances of weight or substance which would otherwise affect the result of the case.14 In other words, as we have repeatedly declared in the past, the trial judge�s evaluation, which the Court of Appeals affirmed, binds the Court, leaving to the accused the burden to bring to the Court�s attention facts or circumstances of weight that were overlooked, misapprehended, or misinterpreted by the lower courts but would materially affect the disposition of the case differently if duly considered.15 Unfortunately, appellant failed to discharge this burden.

We find that the testimony of AAA was indeed delivered in a clear and straightforward manner; thus, the same is worthy of the belief that was bestowed upon it by the trial court and later by the Court of Appeals. As borne out of the records of this case, AAA never wavered in her allegations of rape against appellant. Furthermore, conventional wisdom cemented in jurisprudence dictates that no young Filipina would publicly admit that she had been criminally abused and ravished unless it is the truth, for it is her natural instinct to protect her honor; and that no young girl would concoct a tale of defloration, allow the examination of her private parts and undergo the expense, trouble and inconvenience, not to mention the trauma and scandal of a public trial, unless she was, in fact, raped.16cralaw virtualaw library

With regard to appellant�s assertion that the considerable amount of time which elapsed between the rape and AAA�s act of reporting said incident gives rise to doubt as to the veracity of the charge, this argument deserves scant consideration since it is already doctrinally settled that delay in reporting rape incidents, in the face of threats of physical violence, cannot be taken against the victim.17cralaw virtualaw library

Lastly, we declare that the Affidavit of Recantation18 executed by BBB, AAA�s father, fails to convince considering that the said document, which seeks to exculpate appellant from the charge of rape, was unsubstantiated by clear and convincing evidence. In both his affidavit and testimony, BBB intimated that the rape incident at issue was merely a fabrication concocted by him and AAA so that he could get back at CCC and appellant with both of whom he had a misunderstanding over the management of certain real properties.

Courts have long been skeptical of recantations of testimonies for as we explained in People v. Nardo19:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
A recantation of a testimony is exceedingly unreliable, for there is always the probability that such recantation may later on be itself repudiated. Courts look with disfavor upon retractions, because they can easily be obtained from witnesses through intimidation or for monetary consideration. A retraction does not necessarily negate an earlier declaration. x x x. (Citation omitted.)
Indeed, jurisprudence is replete with instances where the recantation of testimony by the rape victim herself was not accepted by the Court when her previous testimony appeared more trustworthy and believable.20cralaw virtualaw library

In People v. Bulagao,21 we reiterated the rationale for upholding a rape victim�s original testimony over that of her subsequent recantation in this wise:chanrobles virtua1aw 1ibrary
In rape cases particularly, the conviction or acquittal of the accused most often depends almost entirely on the credibility of the complainant�s testimony. By the very nature of this crime, it is generally unwitnessed and usually the victim is left to testify for herself. When a rape victim�s testimony is straightforward and marked with consistency despite grueling examination, it deserves full faith and confidence and cannot be discarded. If such testimony is clear, consistent and credible to establish the crime beyond reasonable doubt, a conviction may be based on it, notwithstanding its subsequent retraction. Mere retraction by a prosecution witness does not necessarily vitiate her original testimony.

A retraction is looked upon with considerable disfavor by the courts. It is exceedingly unreliable for there is always the probability that such recantation may later on be repudiated. It can easily be obtained from witnesses through intimidation or monetary consideration. Like any other testimony, it is subject to the test of credibility based on the relevant circumstances and, especially, on the demeanor of the witness on the stand. (Citation omitted.)
Thus, with more reason, we cannot ascribe any weight to the recantation of the charges by the victim�s father when the victim�s own categorical testimony remains on record. Alternatively put, unless supported by clear and convincing evidence, BBB�s recantation cannot prevail over the positive declaration of rape made by AAA.

In view of the foregoing, we therefore affirm the conviction of appellant with the modification that exemplary damages in the amount of P30,000.00, in addition to the amount of civil indemnity and moral damages previously granted, should also be awarded to AAA in line with prevailing jurisprudence.22cralaw virtualaw library

WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Decision dated February 25, 2010 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR.-H.C. No. 01830, finding appellant Carlito Espenilla guilty in Criminal Case No. 9115, is hereby AFFIRMED with MODIFICATIONS, to wit:

(1) Appellant Carlito Espenilla is ordered to pay Thirty Thousand Pesos (P30,000.00) as exemplary damages; and

(2) Appellant Carlito Espenilla is further ordered to pay the private offended party interest on all damages awarded at the legal rate of six percent (6%) per annum from the date of finality of this judgment.

No pronouncement as to costs.chanroblesvirtualawlibrary

SO ORDERED.

Carpio,*(Acting Chief Justice), Mendoza,***Reyes, and Perlas-Bernabe,****JJ., concur.
Leonardo-De Castro, J., Per Special Order No. 1549 dated September 16, 2013.

Endnotes:


* Per Special Order No. 1550 dated September 16, 2013.cralawnad

*** Per Special Order No. 1545 dated September 16, 2013.cralawnad

**** Per Special Order No. 1537 (Revised) dated September 6, 2013.cralawnad

1Rollo, pp. 2-17; penned by Court of Appeals (CA) Associate Justice Jose C. Reyes, Jr. with Associate Justices Ricardo R. Rosario and Amy C. Lazaro-Javier, concurring.cralawnad

2 CA rollo, pp. 47-54.cralawnad

3 Id. at 6.cralawnad

4 In court decisions involving rape, the real name of the victim-survivor is withheld and fictitious initials are instead used to represent her. Personal circumstances of the victims-survivors or any other information tending to establish or compromise their identities, as well as those of their immediate families or household members, shall likewise not be disclosed. (See People v. Cabalquinto, 533 Phil. 703 [2006].)

5 Records, p. 1.cralawnad

6 Id. at 19.cralawnad

7Rollo, pp. 3-6.cralawnad

8 CA rollo, p. 54.cralawnad

9Rollo, p. 16.cralawnad

10 CA rollo, p. 34.cralawnad

11People v. Manjares, G.R. No. 185844, November 23, 2011, 661 SCRA 227, 242.cralawnad

12 TSN, October 12, 2001, pp. 5-7.cralawnad

13People v. Viojela, G.R. No. 177140, October 17, 2012, 684 SCRA 241, 251.cralawnad

14People v. Batula, G.R. No. 181699, November 28, 2012, 686 SCRA 575, 583.cralawnad

15People v. Abrencillo, G.R. No. 183100, November 28, 2012, 686 SCRA 592, 597-598.cralawnad

16People v. Estoya, G.R. No. 200531, December 5, 2012, 687 SCRA 376, 386-387.cralawnad

17People v. De los Reyes, G.R. No. 177357, October 17, 2012, 684 SCRA 260, 279.cralawnad

18 Records, p. 94.cralawnad

19 405 Phil. 826, 842 (2001).cralawnad

20People v. Teodoro, G.R. No. 175876, February 20, 2013; People v. Bulagao, G.R. No. 184757, October 5, 2011, 658 SCRA 746; People v. Sumingwa, G.R. No. 183619, October 13, 2009, 603 SCRA 638; People v. Deauna, 435 Phil. 141 (2002).cralawnad

21 Id. at 755-756 citing People v. Sumingwa, id. at 649-650.cralawnad

22People v. Viojela, supra note 13 at 258.



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  • A.M. No. RTJ-12-2320, September 02, 2013 - COL. DANILO E. LUBATON (RETIRED, PNP), Complainant, v. JUDGE MARY JOSEPHINE P. LAZARO, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 74, ANTIPOLO CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182571, September 02, 2013 - LIGAYA ESGUERRA, LOWELL ESGUERRA AND LIESELL ESGUERRA, Petitioners, v. HOLCIM PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204169, September 11, 2013 - YASUO IWASAWA, Petitioner, v. FELISA CUSTODIO GANGAN1 (A.K.A FELISA GANGAN ARAMBULO, AND FELISA GANGAN IWASAWA) AND THE LOCAL CIVIL REGISTRAR OF PASAY CITY, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 162226, September 02, 2013 - SANGGUNIANG BARANGAY OF PANGASUGAN, BAYBAY, LEYTE, Petitioner, v. EXPLORATION PERMIT APPLICATION (EXPA-000005-VIII) OF PHILIPPINE NATIONAL OIL COMPANY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189822, September 02, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BRION, JOJIE SUANSING, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 170388, September 04, 2013 - COLEGIO DEL SANTISIMO ROSARIO AND SR. ZENAIDA S. MOFADA, OP, Petitioners, v. EMMANUEL ROJO,* Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 169461, September 02, 2013 - FIRST GAS POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR GENERAL, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. MTJ-07-1683, September 11, 2013 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. HON. SANTIAGO E. SORIANO, FORMER ACTING PRESIDING JUDGE, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES, SAN FERNANDO CITY, LA UNION, AND PRESIDING JUDGE, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT, NAGUILIAN, LA UNION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 167484, September 09, 2013 - HERNANDO BORRA, JOHN PACHEO, DANILO PEREZ, FELIZARDO SIMON, RAMON BUENACOSA, JR., FELIX BELADOR, WILFREDO LUPO, RONALD VILLARIAS, ARSENIO MINDANAO, MAX NONALA, SIMPLICIO DE ERIT, NOEL DONGUINES, JULIO BORRA, MELCHOR JAVIER, JOHNNY ENRICO VARGAS, PAQUITO SONDIA, JOSE SALAJOG, ELMER LUPO, RAZUL ARANEZ, NELSON PEREZ, BALBINO ABLAY, FERNANDO SIMON, JIMMY VILLARTA, ROMEO CAINDOC, SALVADOR SANTILLAN, ROMONEL JANEO, ERNESTO GONZALUDO, JOSE PAJES, ROY TAN, FERNANDO SANTILLAN JR., DEMETRIO SEMILLA, RENE CORDERO, EDUARDO MOLENO, ROMY DINAGA, HERNANDO GUMBAN, FEDERICO ALVARICO, ELMER CATO, ROGELIO CORDERO, RODNEY PAJES, ERNIE BAYER, ARMANDO TABARES, NOLI AMADOR, MARIO SANTILLAN, ALANIL TRASMONTE, VICTOR ORTEGA, JOEVING ROQUERO, CYRUS PINAS, DANILO PERALES, AND ALFONSO COSAS, JR., Petitioners, v. COURT OF APPEALS SECOND AND NINETEENTH DIVISIONS AND HAWAIIAN PHILIPPINE COMPANY, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 184732, September 09, 2013 - CORAZON S. CRUZ UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE,VILLA CORAZON CONDO DORMITORY, Petitioner, v. MANILA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-04-1903 (Formerly A.M. No. 04-10-597-RTC), September 10, 2013 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. DONABEL M. SAVADERA, MA. EVELYN M. LANDICHO AND CONCEPCION G. SAYAS, ALL OF THE RTC, OCC, LIPA CITY, BATANGAS, ATTY. CELSO M. APUSEN AND ATTY. SHEILA ANGELA P. SARMIENTO, Respondents.

  • G.R. Nos. 167274-75, September 11, 2013 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. FORTUNE TOBACCO CORPORATION, Respondent.; G.R. No. 192576, September 11, 2013 - FORTUNE TOBACCO CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 174461, September 11, 2013 - LETICIA I. KUMMER, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 175277 & 175285, September 11, 2013 - UNICAPITAL, INC., UNICAPITAL REALTY, INC., AND JAIME J. MARTIREZ, Petitioners, v. RAFAEL JOSE CONSING, JR. AND THE PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF PASIG CITY, BRANCH 168, Respondents.; G.R. No. 192073, September 11, 2013 - RAFAEL JOSE CONSING, JR., Petitioner, v. HON. MARISSA MACARAIG-GUILLEN, IN HER CAPACITY AS THE PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF MAKATI CITY, BRANCH 60 AND UNICAPITAL, INC., Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 9860, September 11, 2013 - JOSEPHINE L. OROLA, MYRNA L. OROLA, MANUEL L. OROLA, MARY ANGELYN OROLA-BELARGA, MARJORIE MELBA OROLA-CALIP, AND KAREN OROLA, Complainants, v. ATTY. JOSEPH ADOR RAMOS, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 187308 & 187517, September 18, 2013 - HILARIA BAGAYAS, Petitioner, v. ROGELIO BAGAYAS, FELICIDAD BAGAYAS, ROSALINA BAGAYAS, MICHAEL BAGAYAS, AND MARIEL BAGAYAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 179594, September 11, 2013 - MANUEL UY & SONS, INC., Petitioner, v. VALBUECO, INCORPORATED, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 171594-96, September 18, 2013 - ASIA BREWERY, INC., Petitioner, v. TUNAY NA PAGKAKAISA NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA ASIA (TPMA), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203039, September 11, 2013 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH), Petitioner, v. BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS (BPI), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 174665, September 18, 2013 - PHILIPPINE RECLAMATION AUTHORITY (FORMERLY KNOWN AS THE PUBLIC ESTATES AUTHORITY), Petitioner, v. ROMAGO, INCORPORATED, Respondent.; G.R. No. 175221, September 18, 2013 - ROMAGO, INCORPORATED, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE RECLAMATION AUTHORITY (FORMERLY PUBLIC ESTATES AUTHORITY), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187731, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SPO1 ALFREDO ALAWIG, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 184011, September 18, 2013 - REYNALDO HAYAN MOYA, Petitioner, v. FIRST SOLID RUBBER INDUSTRIES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 179987, September 03, 2013 - HEIRS OF MARIO MALABANAN, (REPRESENTED BY SALLY A. MALABANAN), Petitioners, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 196200, September 11, 2013 - ERNESTO DY, Petitioner, v. HON. GINA M. BIBAT-PALAMOS, IN HER CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 64, MAKATI CITY, AND ORIX METRO LEASING AND FINANCE CORPORATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 170018, September 23, 2013 - DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM, REPRESENTED BY OIC-SECRETARY NASSER C. PANGANDAMAN, Petitioner, v. THE COURT OF APPEALS AND BASILAN AGRICULTURAL TRADING CORPORATION (BATCO), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 203315, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOEY BACATAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 182371, September 04, 2013 - HEIRS OF MELENCIO YU AND TALINANAP MATUALAGA (NAMELY: LEONORA, EDUARDO, VIRGILIO, VILMA, IMELDA, CYNTHIA, AND NANCY, ALL SURNAMED YU), REPRESENTED BY LEONORA, VIRGILIO AND VILMA, Petitioners, v. HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS, SPECIAL TWENTY-FIRST DIVISION (TWENTY-SECOND DIVISION); ROSEMARIE D. ANACAN-DIZON (IN HER CAPACITY AS DIVISION CLERK OF COURT); MARION C. MIRABUENO (IN HER CAPACITY AS OIC-CLERK OF COURT OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, GENERAL SANTOS CITY), AND HEIRS OF CONCEPCION NON ANDRES (NAMELY: SERGIO, JR., SOFRONIO AND GRACELDA, ALL SURNAMED ANDRES), REPRESENTED BY GRACELDA N. ANDRES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198075, September 04, 2013 - KOPPEL, INC. (FORMERLY KNOWN AS KPL AIRCON, INC.), Petitioner, v. MAKATI ROTARY CLUB FOUNDATION, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 167174, September 23, 2013 - SPOUSES CARMELITO AND ANTONIA ALDOVER, Petitioners, v. THE COURT OF APPEALS, SUSANA AHORRO, ARLINE SINGSON, BIBIANA CAHIBAYBAYAN, LUMINADA ERQUIZA,1 ANGELITA ALBERT, JOSELITO ACULA, SORAYDA ACULA, JOMAR ACULA, CECILIA FAMORCA, CELESTE VASQUEZ, ALFONSO CABUWAGAN, CARMELITA RIVERA, JESSIE CAHIBAYBAYAN, MA. ANA V. TAKEGUCHI, ROSEMARIE BONIFACIO, ANGELINA FLORES, ALMACERES D. MISHIMA, AURELIA CAHIBAYBAYAN, SONIA S. MALAQUE, NORA ANTONIO, REYNALDO ANTONIO, REGINALD ANTONIO, RONALDO ANTONIO, JR., JUANITA CHING,2 MARIETA PACIS, TITO PACIS, JOSE IBAYAN, ELSIE SISON, LEONARDO SISON, MERCEDES ANTONIO, RICARDO SARMIENTO,3 SERGIO TEGIO, CRISENCIA FAVILLAR, NELLY FERNANDEZ, MARILYN DE VEGA, CELIA TUAZON, CELINE RAMOS, EUTEMIO RAMOS, LUZVIMINDA VERUEN, NICANOR ORTEZA, ADELAIDA CALUGAN,4 GLORIA AGBUSAC,5 VIRGINIA GAON, REMIGIO MAYBITUIN, LAURA GARCIA, CHARLES GARCIA, MA. CRISTINA GARCIA,6 RICARDO SARMIENTO, SR., ROBERTO TUAZON, GEMMA TUAZON, ANALYN TUAZON, JOHN ROBERT TUAZON, ELJEROME TUAZON, JEMMALYN TUAZON, MILAGROS TUBIGO,7 MARICAR TUBIGO,8 MARISSA BITUIN,9 ROGER GOBRIN, MARCELINA RAMOS, ESTRELLA RAMOS, ALFREDO RAMOS, ADORACION RAMOS, ERICSON RAMOS, CAMILLE RAMOS, RAMIL MARQUISA,10 ROMEO PORCARE, NIDA PORCARE, JEROME PORCARE, JONATHAN PORCARE, PILARCITA ABSIN, JHON-JHON ABSIN, JASON ABSIN,11 JAYSON ABSIN, EDWARDO ABSIN, MAMRIA EDEN,12 ARNEL REUCAZA, ZENAIDA REUCAZA, MICHELE REUCAZA, NALYN REUCAZA,13 MARICRIS REUCAZA, ABELLE REUCAZA,14 JHON VILLAVECENCIO, CILLE VILLAVECENCIO, ARIEL CAHIBAYBAYAN, JOHN EDWARD VILLAVECENCIO, ARCELITO VILLAVECENCIO, FERMINA RIVERA, ANITA RIVERA,15 EDWIN HOSMILLO, ESTER HOSMILLO, REGINE HOSMILLO, MARFIKIS VENZON, CURT SMITH VENZON, ALBERTO VILLAVECENCIO, MARILYN DE VEGA, JEFFREY DE VEGA, LIANA DE VEGA, RAMIL DE VEGA,16 SHANE VENZON, RUFO SINGSON, ROSALIE BALINGIT, RAUL SINGSON, HAZEL GARCIA, CRISTINE GARCIA, JASON GARCIA, ECY B. TAN,17 GREGORIO AURE, ICTORIA SARMIENTO,18 OSCAR TUBIGO,19 JOVY SARMIENTO, BABYLYN SARMIENTO, JEAN CAHIBAYBAYAN,20 RONALD CAHIBAYBAYAN,21 ALLAN CAHIBAYBAYAN, AMELIA DEQUINA, DENNIS DEQUINA, IRMA DEQUINA, FREDERICK DEQUINA, CRISTINE JOY DEQUINA, ENRIQUE LOPEZ,22 NERY LOPEZ, NERISSA LOPEZ, ERICA LOPEZ, VANESSA LOPEZ, LEO JIMENEZ, MICHELLE JIMENEZ, MAYLEEN JIMENEZ, LEONARDO JIMENEZ,23 FELICIANO MIRALLES, VIRGINIA ECIJA, LEONARDO AHORRO, MA. GINA SORIO, ARNEL SORIO, JOENNY PAVILLAR, SALVACION PAVILLAR, JOHNNY BALDERAMA, MARY JANE BALDERAMA, FERDINAND MALAQUE, MARK ADELCHI MALAQUE, CLIO JOY MALAQUE, IRISH MADLANGBAYAN, EFFERSON MADLANGBAYAN, ROBERTO MALAQUE, HELARIA MALAQUE,24 ARBIE MAY MALAQUEROY,25 GILBERT MALAQUE,26 SARRY LEGASPI, TERESITA LEGASPI, ROSEANN CRUZ, SHE ANN CRUZ, EXELEN LEGASPI, GREGORIO RAMOS, NENITA RAMOS, FELINO TEGIO, JOYZAIRRA ACULA, JUANITO CALUGAY,27 GEMMA CALUGAY, CARLITO ANTONIO, CELIA ANTONIO,28 PRINCES MARGARET,29 JOSE CECILIO,30 JEROME CZAR,31 RAMON SISON, DANILO SISON, MARILOU SISON, ALEX RIVERA, NARCISO DEL ROSARIO, BRIAN DEL ROSARIO,32 CHARLINE DEL ROSARIO, CARMELA DEL ROSARIO, KEVIN DEL ROSARIO, BEHNSIN JOHN DEL PACIS,33 MELRON ANTONIO, ANGEO ANTONIO,34 DAISY ANN ANTONIO, IVAN ANTONIO, RAYMART ANTONIO, PRESCILLA PAGKALIWANGAN, MARK KENNETH PAGKALIWANGAN, MARK JULIUS PAGKALIWANGAN, VINCENT PAGKALIWANGAN, DOLORES ORTEZA, JONECA ORTEZA,35 YUMI ORTEZA, NICANOR ORTEZA, RAUL BALINGIT, KATRINA CASSANDRA BAES, CHRISTOPHER BAES, MARK GIL BAES, BIENVENIDO BAES, ARTEMIO SANTOS, CATHERINE UMINGA, ROLANDO UMINGA, SR., ERLINDA TUAZON, CHRISTIAN TUAZON, ARGEL ANGELO SANTOS, MONTANO PAGKALIWANGAN, IN THEIR OWN BEHALF AND AS MEMBERS OF SAMAHANG MAGKAKAPITBAHAY NG VILLA REYES COMPOUND ASSOCIATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 183804, September 11, 2013 - S.C. MEGAWORLD CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. ENGR. LUIS U. PARADA, REPRESENTED BY ENGR. LEONARDO A. PARADA OF GENLITE INDUSTRIES, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 169823-24, September 11, 2013 - HERMINIO T. DISINI, Petitioner, v. THE HON. SANDIGANBAYAN, FIRST DIVISION, AND THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.; G.R. Nos. 174764-65, September 11, 2013 - HERMINIO T. DISINI, Petitioner, v. SANDIGANBAYAN, FIRST DIVISION, AND THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 183952, September 09, 2013 - CZARINA T. MALVAR, Petitioner, v. KRAFT FOOD PHILS., INC. AND/OR BIENVENIDO BAUTISTA, KRAFT FOODS INTERNATIONAL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 201787, September 25, 2013 - ANALITA P. INOCENCIO, SUBSTITUTING FOR RAMON INOCENCIO (DECEASED), Petitioner, v. HOSPICIO DE SAN JOSE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200080, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARVIN CAYANAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 203068, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RYAN FRIAS Y GALANG A.K.A. �TAGADOG�, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 206987, September 10, 2013 - ALLIANCE FOR NATIONALISM AND DEMOCRACY (ANAD), Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202370, September 23, 2013 - JUAN SEVILLA SALAS, JR., Petitioner, v. EDEN VILLENA AGUILA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 201103, September 25, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JIMMY CEDENIO Y PERALTA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 197550, September 25, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ARTURO ENRIQUEZ Y DE LOS REYES, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 198444, September 04, 2013 - CITIBANK N.A. AND THE CITIGROUP PRIVATE BANK, Petitioners, v. ESTER H. TANCO-GABALDON, ARSENIO TANCO & THE HEIRS OF KU TIONG LAM, Respondents.; G.R. No. 198469-70, September 04, 2013 - CAROL LIM, Petitioner, v. ESTER H. TANCO-GABALDON, ARSENIO TANCO & THE HEIRS OF KU TIONG LAM, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197522, September 11, 2013 - ELISEO V. AGUILAR, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, PO1 LEO T. DANGUPON, 1ST LT. PHILIP FORTUNO, CPL. EDILBERTO ABORDO, SPO3 GREGARDRO A. VILLAR, SPO1 RAMON M. LARA, SPO1 ALEX L. ACAYLAR, AND PO1 JOVANNIE C. BALICOL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 158866, September 09, 2013 - BANCO FILIPINO SAVINGS AND MORTGAGE BANK, Petitioner, v. TALA REALTY SERVICES CORPORATION, PEDRO B. AGUIRRE, REMEDIOS A. DUPASQUIER, PILAR D. ONGKING, ELIZABETH H. PALMA, DOLLY W. LIM, RUBENCITO M. DEL MUNDO, ADD INTERNATIONAL SERVICES, INCORPORATED, AND NANCY L. TY, Respondents.; G.R. No. 181933, September 09, 2013 - NANCY L. TY, Petitioner, v. BANCO FILIPINO SAVINGS AND MORTGAGE BANK, Respondent.; G.R. No. 187551, September 09, 2013 - BANCO FILIPINO SAVINGS AND MORTGAGE BANK, Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS, TALA REALTY SERVICES CORPORATION, NANCY L. TY, PEDRO B. AGUIRRE, REMEDIOS A. DUPASQUIER, PILAR D. ONGKING, ELIZABETH H. PALMA, DOLLY W. LIM, RUBENCITO M. DEL MUNDO, AND ADD INTERNATIONAL SERVICES, INCORPORATED, Respondents.

  • B.M. No. 2540, September 24, 2013 - IN RE: PETITION TO SIGN IN THE ROLL OF ATTORNEYS MICHAEL A. MEDADO, Petitioner.

  • G.R. No. 171633, September 18, 2013 - JUANITO VICTOR C. REMULLA, Petitioner, v. ERINEO S. MALIKSI, IN HIS CAPACITY AS GOVERNOR OF THE PROVINCE OF CAVITE, RENATO A. IGNACIO, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PROVINCIAL LEGAL OFFICER OF THE PROVINCE OF CAVITE, MARIETTA O'HARA DE VILLA, HEIRS OF HIGINO DE VILLA, GOLDENROD, INC., SONYA G. MATHAY, AND ELEUTERIO M. PASCUAL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 171206, September 23, 2013 - HEIRS OF THE LATE SPOUSES FLAVIANO MAGLASANG AND SALUD ADAZA-MAGLASANG, NAMELY, OSCAR A. MAGLASANG, EDGAR A. MAGLASANG, CONCEPCION CHONA A. MAGLASANG, GLENDA A. MAGLASANG-ARNAIZ, LERMA A. MAGLASANG, FELMA A. MAGLASANG, FE DORIS A. MAGLASANG, LEOLINO A. MAGLASANG, MARGIE LEILA A. MAGLASANG, MA. MILALIE A. MAGLASANG, SALUD MAGLASANG, AND MA. FLASALIE A. MAGLASANG, REPRESENTING THE ESTATES OF THEIR AFORE-NAMED DECEASED PARENTS, Petitioners, v. MANILA BANKING CORPORAT ON, NOW SUBSTITUTED BY FIRST SOVEREIGN ASSET MANAGEMENT [SPV-AMC], INC. [FSAMI], Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 195011-19, September 30, 2013 - GREGORIO SINGIAN, JR., Petitioner, v. SANDIGANBAYAN (3RD DIVISION), THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, AND THE PRESIDENTIAL COMMISSION ON GOOD GOVERNMENT, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 180427, September 30, 2013 - CRISANTA GUIDO-ENRIQUEZ, Petitioner, v. ALICIA I. VICTORINO, HEIRS OF ANTONIA VDA. DE VICTORINO, AND HON. RANDY A. RUTAQUIO, IN HIS CAPACITY AS ACTING REGISTER OF DEEDS OF RIZAL FOR MORONG BRANCH, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 179259, September 25, 2013 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE AIRLINES, INC. (PAL), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204603, September 24, 2013 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE SECRETARY OF JUSTICE, THE SECRETARY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT THE SECRETARY OF FINANCE, THE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER, THE SECRETARY OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT THE TREASURER. OF THE PHILIPPINES, THE CHIEF OF STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES, AND THE CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, Petitioners, v. HERMINIO HARRY ROQUE, MORO CHRISTIAN PEOPLE'S ALLIANCE, FR. JOE DIZON, RODINIE SORIANO, STEPHANIE ABIERA, MARIA LOURDES ALCAIN, VOLTAIRE ALFEREZ, CZARINA MAY ALTEZ, SHERYL BALOT, RENIZZA BATACAN, EDAN MARRI CANETE, LEANA CARAMOAN, ALDWIN CAMANCE, RENE DELORINO, PAULYN MAY DUMAN, RODRIGO FAJARDO III, ANNA MARIE GO, ANNA ARMINDA JIMENEZ, MARY ANN LEE, LUISA MANALAYSAY, MIGUEL MUSNGI, MICHAEL OCAMPO, NORMAN ROLAND OCANA III, WILLIAM RAGAMAT, MARICAR RAMOS, CHERRY LOU REYES, MELISSA ANN SICAT, CRISTINE MAE TABING, VANESSA TORNO, AND HON. JUDGE ELEUTERIO L. BATHAN, AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, QUEZON CITY, BRANCH 92, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192253, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLITO ESPENILLA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 187378, September 30, 2013 - RAMONITO O. ACAAC, PETAL FOUNDATION, INC., APOLINARIO M. ELORDE, HECTOR ACAAC, AND ROMEO BULAWIN, Petitioners, v. MELQUIADES D. AZCUNA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS MAYOR, AND MARIETES B. BONALOS, IN HER CAPACITY AS MUNICIPAL ENGINEER AND BUILDING OFFICIAL-DESIGNATE, BOTH OF LOPEZ JAENA MUNICIPALITY, MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197813, September 25, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EDWIN IBA�EZ Y ALBANTE AND ALFREDO (FREDDIE) NULLA Y IBA�EZ, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 202158, September 25, 2013 - ERIC ALVAREZ, SUBSTITUTED BY ELIZABETH ALVAREZ-CASAREJOS, Petitioner, v. GOLDEN TRI BLOC, INC. AND ENRIQUE LEE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 185383, September 25, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GIOVANNI OCFEMIA Y CHAVEZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 191256, September 18, 2013 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GARY ALINAO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 180064, September 16, 2013 - JOSE U. PUA AND BENJAMIN HANBEN U. PUA, Petitioners, v. CITIBANK, N.A., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187268, September 04, 2013 - JOVITO C. PLAMERAS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 166330, September 11, 2013 - SMART COMMUNICATIONS, INC., Petitioner, v. ARSENIO ALDECOA, JOSE B. TORRE, CONRADO U. PUA, GREGORIO V. MANSANO, JERRY CORPUZ AND ESTELITA ACOSTA, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3105 (Formerly A.M. No. 10-7-83-MTCC), September 11, 2013 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. DESIDERIO W. MACUSI, JR., SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 25, TABUK CITY, KALINGA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 9684, September 18, 2013 - MARY ROSE A. BOTO, Complainant, v. SENIOR ASSISTANT CITY PROSECUTOR VINCENT L. VILLENA, CITY PROSECUTOR ARCHIMEDES V. MANABAT AND ASSISTANT CITY PROSECUTOR PATRICK NOEL P. DE DIOS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 201760, September 16, 2013 - LBL INDUSTRIES, INC., Petitioner, v. CITY OF LAPU-LAPU, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 195395, September 10, 2013 - ENGINEER MANOLITO P. MENDOZA, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 180284, September 11, 2013 - NARCISO SALAS, Petitioners, v. ANNABELLE MATUSALEM, Respondent.