Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2014 > November 2014 Decisions > G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014 - AMADA COTONER-ZACARIAS, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES ALFREDO REVILLA AND THE HEIRS OF PAZ REVILLA, Respondents.:




G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014 - AMADA COTONER-ZACARIAS, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES ALFREDO REVILLA AND THE HEIRS OF PAZ REVILLA, Respondents.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014

AMADA COTONER-ZACARIAS, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES ALFREDO REVILLA AND THE HEIRS OF PAZ REVILLA, Respondents.

D E C I S I O N

LEONEN, J.:

Well-settled is the rule that �conveyances by virtue of a forged signature. . . are void ab initio [as] [t]he absence of the essential [requisites] of consent and cause or consideration in these cases rendered the contract inexistent[.]�1

Before us is a petition for review2 filed by Amada Cotoner-Zacarias against respondent spouses Alfredo Revilla and Paz Castillo-Revilla, praying that this court render a decision �reversing the Decision of the Regional Trial Court and Court of Appeals and declaring the transfer of title to the Petitioner and then to her successors-in-interest as valid and binding as against the respondents.�3

The Court of Appeals summarized the facts as follows.

Alfredo Revilla and Paz Castillo-Revilla (Revilla spouses) are the owners in fee simple of a 15,000-square-meter unregistered parcel of land in Silang, Cavite, covered by Tax Declaration No. 7971.4

In 1983, the Revilla spouses faced financial difficulties in raising funds for Alfredo Revilla�s travel to Saudi Arabia, so Paz Castillo-Revilla borrowed money from Amada Cotoner-Zacarias (Amada).� By way of security, the parties verbally agreed that Amada would take physical possession of the property, cultivate it, then use the earnings from the cultivation to pay the loan and realty taxes.5� Upon full payment of the loan, Amada would return the property to the Revilla spouses.6

Unknown to the Revilla spouses, Amada presented a fictitious document entitled �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� before the Provincial Assessor of Cavite.� This document was executed on March 19, 1979 with the Revilla spouses as sellers and Amada as buyer of the property.7

Consequently, Tax Declaration No. 7971 in the name of the Revilla spouses was cancelled, and Tax Declaration No. 19773 in the name of Amada was issued.

On August 25, 1984, Amada sold the property to the spouses Adolfo and Elvira Casorla (Casorla spouses) by �Deed of Absolute Sale-Unregistered Land.�� Tax Declaration No. 30411-A was later issued in the name of the Casorla spouses.8

In turn, the Casorla spouses executed a deed of absolute sale dated December 16, 1991 in favor of the spouses Rodolfo and Yolanda Sun (Sun spouses).� Tax Declaration Nos. 30852-A and 18584 were issued in favor of the Sun spouses.9

In December 1994, Alfredo Revilla returned from Saudi Arabia.� He asked Amada why she had not returned their tax declaration considering their full payment of the loan.� He then discovered that the property�s tax declaration was already in the name of the Sun spouses.10

On February 15, 1995, the Revilla spouses were served a copy of the answer11 in the land registration case filed by the Sun spouses for the property.12� The Revilla spouses then saw a copy of the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� and noticed that their signatures as sellers were forged.13

They then demanded the cancellation of the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� from Amada and all subsequent transfers of the property, its reconveyance, and the restoration of its tax declaration in their name.14� Amada failed to take action.

On November 17, 1995, the Revilla spouses filed a complaint before the Tagaytay Regional Trial Court for the annulment of sales and transfers of title and reconveyance of the property with damages against Amada, the Casorla spouses, the Sun spouses, and the Provincial Assessor of Cavite.15

In her answer, Amada denied that the property was used as a security for the Revilla spouses� loan.16� Instead, she claimed that the Revilla spouses voluntarily executed the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� in her favor on March 19, 1979.� She added that the Revilla spouses� cause of action already prescribed.17

For their part, the Sun spouses argued good faith belief that Amada was the real owner of the property as Amada showed them a tax declaration in her name and the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� allegedly executed by the Revilla spouses.18� When the Sun spouses discovered there was another sale with the Casorla spouses, they were assured by Amada that she had already bought back the property from the Casorla spouses.19� Subsequently, the Casorla spouses executed a deed of absolute sale dated December 16, 1991 in favor of the Sun spouses.20� They also argued prescription against the Revilla spouses, and prayed for damages against Amada by way of cross-claim.21

On August 3, 2006, the Regional Trial Court22 found the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� to be a fictitious document, and ruled in favor of the Revilla spouses:

WHEREFORE, premises considered, judgment is hereby rendered as follows:

  1. Declaring the sales/transfers from Tax Declaration No. 7971, s. 1980 to Tax Declaration No. 18584, s. 1994 as NULL and VOID, without valid transmission of title and interest from the original owners, plaintiffs herein and consequently, entitling plaintiffs to reinstatement and reconveyance of their title/tax declaration as well as possession of the subject property;

  2. Ordering defendant Zacarias to pay the following:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
    2.1 To the Plaintiffs:
    1. P50,000.00 for moral damages;
    2. P20,000.00 for exemplary damages; and
    3. P80,000.00 for attorney�s fees.

    2.2 To Defendant-Spouses Sun:
    1. P467,350.00 for actual damages;
    2. P50,000.00 for moral damages;
    3. P20,000.00 for exemplary damages; and
    4. P100,000.00 for attorney�s fees.
SO ORDERED.23

Amada appealed the trial court�s decision, while the Sun spouses partially appealed the decision as to interest and damages.

On August 13, 2009, the Court of Appeals24 dismissed the appeal of Amada, and partially granted the appeal of the Sun spouses.� The dispositive portion reads:

WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing premises, judgment is hereby rendered by us DISMISSING the appeal filed by defendant-appellant Amada C. Zacarias in this case, and PARTIALLY GRANTING the appeal filed by the Spouses Rodolfo and Yolanda Sun. The Decision dated August 3, 2006 rendered by Branch 18 of the Regional Trial Court of the Fourth Judicial Region stationed in Tagaytay City, Cavite in Civil Case No. TG-1543 is MODIFIED in that defendant-appellant Amada C. Zacarias is ordered to pay interest at 6% per annum on the principal obligation in the amount of P467,350.00 from February 3, 1995, the date of the first judicial demand by the Spouses Sun, until said decision on the principal obligation became final and executory, and interest at 12% per annum on the principal obligation, moral and exemplary damages, as well as attorney�s fees, from the time said decision became final and executory until full payment of said amounts.

SO ORDERED.25

The Court of Appeals denied Amada�s motion for reconsideration; hence, she filed this petition.

Petitioner argues that the antichresis claim of the Revilla spouses was not reduced into writing, thus, it is void under Article 2134 of the Civil Code.26� She submits that the allegation of antichresis was only an excuse by the Revilla spouses for their failure to impugn possession of the property by Amada and her successors-in-interest for over 16 years.27

Petitioner contends that the sale in her favor was established by the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa,� the delivery of the tax declaration, and the testimony of one Mrs. Rosita Castillo (Rosita).28� Rosita was the second wife of Felimon Castillo, the previous owner of the property.� She testified that respondent Paz Castillo-Revilla admitted to her father, Felimon, that she and Alfredo Revilla sold the property to Amada. 29

On the alleged forgery, petitioner submits that the court misapplied the principle that �he who alleges not he who denies must prove� when it stated that she had the burden of proving the due execution of the deed of absolute sale.� Since the Revilla spouses alleged that the deed was a forged document, they had the burden of proving the forgery.30� She then cites the trial court in that �[a]ccordingly, the National Bureau of Investigation was not able to ascertain the genuineness of the signature of plaintiff Paz Revilla because of lack of sufficient sample signatures. . . .�31

On the prescription argument, the parties live in a very small barangay.� While Alfredo Revilla worked in Saudi Arabia, he admitted returning to the Philippines twice a year, while his wife never left Silang, Cavite,32 and yet the Revilla spouses never questioned the activities on the property for more than 16 years.33

On the proper docket fees, petitioner contends that the Revilla spouses paid docket fees based on their prayer for actual damages of P50,000.00, moral damages of P50,000.00, and attorney�s fee of P80,000.00, when they should have based it on P12,000,000.00, the value of the property they alleged in their supplemental pre-trial brief.34

Lastly, petitioner argues that the property is conjugal in nature, but the court never declared that respondent Paz Castillo-Revilla�s signature was falsified.� Thus, the sale over her half of the property cannot be declared void.35� She adds that the Sun spouses are buyers in good faith for value, making reinstatement of the property impossible.36

Respondents Revilla spouses counter that the factual issue of whether the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� is a falsified document was already conclusively resolved by the lower courts and, generally, factual findings are beyond this court�s power of review.37

On the prescription issue, respondents Revilla spouses argue that an action or defense to declare a document null is imprescriptible.38� Laches also does not apply since they immediately questioned the fraudulent transfers by filing a complaint in November 1995 upon learning of the questionable documents in February 1995, after Alfredo had returned from Saudi Arabia in December 1994.39

Respondents Revilla spouses contend that they paid the proper docket fees.� The P12,000,000.00 mentioned during pre-trial that petitioner insists should have been the basis of the fees was neither stated in the complaint nor awarded by the court.40

Respondents Revilla spouses argue that the court did not err in ordering reinstatement of the property to them.� First, the defense that the Sun spouses were buyers in good faith is a personal defense that cannot be raised by petitioner who was not privy to the sale between the Casorla spouses and the Sun spouses.41� Second, an alternative prayer for damages cannot be interpreted as an admission that the relief for reinstatement is not viable.42� Third, the transaction happened prior to the effectivity of the Family Code; thus, Article 172 of the Civil Code applies such that �[t]he wife cannot bind the conjugal partnership without the husband�s consent, except in cases provided by law.�43� Consequently, the result is the same even if respondent Paz Castillo-Revilla did not testify that the signature is not hers, as she cannot bind the entire property without her husband�s consent.44� Lastly, no unjust enrichment exists since they were deprived of their property for so long.45

The issues for this court�s resolution are as follows:

First, whether respondents Revilla spouses� cause of action is barred by prescription or laches;

Second, whether the trial court acquired jurisdiction when respondents Revilla spouses paid filing fees based on the P50,000.00 claim for damages in the complaint but stated in their supplemental pre-trial brief that the property is valued at P12,000,000.00; and

Third, whether the Court of Appeals erred in upholding the reinstatement and reconveyance of the property in favor of respondents Revilla spouses.

I.

On the first issue, petitioner argues that respondents Revilla spouses� claim is barred by laches since they allowed 16 years to lapse, with petitioner having possession of the property, before filing suit.46

Laches has been defined as �the failure or neglect, for an unreasonable and unexplained length of time, to do that which � by the exercise of due diligence � could or should have been done earlier.�47

The elements that need to be present and proven before an action is considered barred by laches are the following:

The four basic elements of laches are: (1) conduct on the part of the defendant, or of one under whom he claims, giving rise to the situation of which complaint is made and for which the complaint seeks a remedy; (2) delay in asserting the complainant's rights, the complainant having had knowledge or notice of the defendant�s conduct and having been afforded an opportunity to institute suit; (3) lack of knowledge or notice on the part of the defendant that the complainant would assert the right on which he bases his suit; and, (4) injury or prejudice to the defendant in the event relief is accorded to the complainant or the suit is not held to be barred.48

There was no delay by respondents Revilla spouses in asserting their rights over the property.� The lower courts found that respondents Revilla spouses first learned of the existence of the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� in February 1995 when they were served a copy of the pleading in the land registration case instituted by the Sun spouses.49� They filed their complaint within the same year, specifically, on November 17, 1995.� The lapse of only nine (9) months from the time they learned of the questionable transfers on the property cannot be considered as sleeping on their rights.

In any case, doctrines of equity such as laches apply only in the absence of statutory law.� The Civil Code clearly provides that �[t]he action or defense for the declaration of the inexistence of a contract does not prescribe.�50� This court has discussed:

Laches is a doctrine in equity and our courts are basically courts of law and not courts of equity.� Equity, which has been aptly described as "justice outside legality," should be applied only in the absence of, and never against, statutory law.� Aequetas nunguam contravenit legis.� The positive mandate of Art. 1410 of the New Civil Code conferring imprescriptibility to actions for declaration of the inexistence of a contract should pre-empt and prevail over all abstract arguments based only on equity.� Certainly, laches cannot be set up to resist the enforcement of an imprescriptible legal right, and petitioners can validly vindicate their inheritance despite the lapse of time.51

II.

On the second issue, petitioner argues that respondents Revilla spouses did not pay the correct docket fees.� She submits that docket fees paid were based on the prayer for actual damages of P50,000.00, moral damages of P50,000.00, and attorney�s fee of P80,000.00, when the spouses Revilla should have based it on P12,000,000.00, the value of the property they alleged in their supplemental pre-trial brief.52� Petitioner cites Supreme Court Circular No. 7 and jurisprudence holding that the payment of proper docket fees is crucial in vesting courts with jurisdiction over the subject matter.53

This court finds that respondents Revilla spouses paid the proper docket fees, thus, the trial court acquired jurisdiction.

It is true that �[i]t is not simply the filing of the complaint or appropriate initiatory pleading, but the payment of the prescribed docket fee, that vests a trial court with jurisdiction over the subject matter or nature of the action.�54

In Manchester Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals,55 this court �condemned the practice of counsel who in filing the original complaint omitted from the prayer any specification of the amount of damages although the amount of over ?78 million is alleged in the body of the complaint.�56� The court gave the following warning against this unethical practice that serves no other purpose than to avoid paying the correct filing fees:

The Court serves warning that it will take drastic action upon a repetition of this unethical practice.

To put a stop to this irregularity, henceforth all complaints, petitions, answers and other similar pleadings should specify the amount of damages being prayed for not only in the body of the pleading but also in the prayer, and said damages shall be considered in the assessment of the filing fees in any case.� Any pleading that fails to comply with this requirement shall not be accepted nor admitted, or shall otherwise be expunged from the record.

The Court acquires jurisdiction over any case only upon the payment of the prescribed docket fee.� An amendment of the complaint or similar pleading will not thereby vest jurisdiction in the Court, much less the payment of the docket fee based on the amounts sought in the amended pleading.� The ruling in the Magaspi case in so far as it is inconsistent with this pronouncement is overturned and reversed.57 (Emphasis supplied)

This ruling was circularized through Supreme Court Circular No. 758 addressed to all lower court judges and the Integrated Bar of the Philippines for dissemination to and guidance for all its members.

The facts of this case differ from Manchester and similar situations envisioned under the circular.� The complaint filed by respondents Revilla spouses included in its prayer the amount of P50,000.00 as actual damages, without mention of any other amount in the body of the complaint.� No amended complaint was filed to increase this amount in the prayer. Thus, the Court of Appeals found as follows:

In the case at bench, the complaint filed by the Spouses Revilla only asked for actual damages in the amount of P50,000.00. While the Spouses Revilla mentioned the amount of P12,000,000.00 as actual damages in the pre-trial, said amount was not stated in the complaint and neither was it awarded by the lower court in its judgment. Hence, said amount was not even considered by the court a quo when it awarded damages in favor of the Spouses Revilla. Considering that the complaint was not formally amended by the spouses to increase the amount of actual damages being sought, the trial court was not stripped of its jurisdiction to try the case since the Spouses Revilla correctly paid the docket fees based merely on what was prayed for in the complaint. Indeed, the mere mentioning by the Spouses Revilla of the amount of P12,000,000.00 during the pre-trial is inconsequential, as the trial court properly acquired jurisdiction over the action when the Spouses Revilla filed the complaint and paid the requisite filing fees based on the amount as prayed for in the complaint.59 (Emphasis supplied)

In Padlan v. Dinglasan,60 this court reiterated that �[w]hat determines the jurisdiction of the court is the nature of the action pleaded as appearing from the allegations in the complaint [and] [t]he averments therein and the character of the relief sought are the ones to be consulted.�61

Petitioner attached copies of the tax declarations and deeds of sale over the property to the petition.� Tax Declaration No. 7971 in the name of respondents Revilla spouses provides that the land had a market value of P13,500.00, while the mango trees had a market value of P3,500.00.62� Petitioner alleged in her petition that respondents Revilla spouses offered to sell the property to her for P50,000.00,63 while the trial court found that the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� reflected the amount of P20,000.00.64� Subsequent tax declarations in the name of petitioner, the Casorla spouses, and the Sun spouses all provided for land market values lower than P50,000.00.65� The deed of sale in favor of the Casorla spouses states that the assessed value of the property was P1,400.00, and the consideration for the sale was P50,000.00.66� The subsequent deed of sale in favor of the Sun spouses provides for the same amount as consideration.67

None of these documents submitted by petitioner indicate an amount in excess of the P50,000.00 prayed for by respondents Revilla spouses as actual damages in their complaint.� Thus, the basis for the P12,000,000.00 value raised during pre-trial is unclear.� Based on the complaint, respondents Revilla spouses paid the correct docket fees computed from the amounts in their prayer.

III.

The third issue involves the reinstatement of respondents Revilla spouses in the property and reconveyance of its tax declaration in their favor.

Petitioner argues that antichresis is a formal contract that must be in writing in order to be valid.68� Respondents Revilla spouses were not able to prove the existence of the alleged antichresis contract.� On the other hand, the sale of the property to petitioner was established by the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� and the testimony of Rosita Castillo, the second wife of the previous owner, Felimon Castillo.69

We affirm the lower courts� order of reinstatement and reconveyance of the property in favor of respondents Revilla spouses.

Respondents Revilla spouses� complaint sought �to annul the sales and transfers of title emanating from Tax Declaration No. 7971 registered in their name involving a 15,000-square[-]meter unregistered land . . . with prayer for reconveyance and claims for damages.�70� There was no prayer to declare the purported contract of sale as antichresis.71� Thus, respondents Revilla spouses neither discussed nor used the term �antichresis� in their comment and memorandum before this court.� They focused on the nature of their complaint as one for annulment of titles on the ground of forgery.72� At most, the trial court�s summary of respondents Revilla spouses� evidence described the parties� agreements as follows:

Plaintiffs� evidence and the testimony of plaintiff Alfredo Revilla tend to indicate that plaintiffs are the owners in fee simple of a 15,000-square[-]meter unregistered land, located at Brgy. Adlas, Silang, Cavite.� Their ownership being evidenced by Tax Declaration No. 7971, s. 1980 (Exh. �A�). Sometime in 1981, plaintiffs needed money for the travel and deployment of plaintiff Alfredo to Saudi Arabia.� Plaintiff Paz Revilla sought financial help from defendant Cotoner-Zacarias from whom she was able to obtain a loan but secured with and by way of mortgage of the subject property.� The parties further agreed that defendant Cotoner-Zacarias would take possession of the subject property and cultivate it with the earnings therefrom to be used to pay-off the loan and the annual realty taxes on the land. It was their agreement with defendant Cotoner-Zacarias that the latter will rent the subject property and with that agreement, the lease started sometime in 1981 and plantiffs got from defendant Cotoner-Zacarias the amount of Php3,000.00 as rental for the first year, 1981, with no specific agreement as to the period covered by such rental[.]73 (Emphasis supplied)

Article 2132 of the Civil Code provides that �[b]y the contract of antichresis the creditor acquires the right to receive the fruits of an immovable of his debtor, with the obligation to apply them to the payment of the interest, if owing, and thereafter to the principal of his credit.�

Thus, antichresis involves an express agreement between parties such that the creditor will have possession of the debtor�s real property given as security, and such creditor will apply the fruits of the property to the interest owed by the debtor, if any, then to the principal amount.74

The term, antichresis, has a Greek origin with ��anti� (against) and �chresis� (use) denoting the action of giving a credit �against� the �use� of a property.�75

Historically, 15th century B.C. tablets revealed that �antichresis contracts were commonly employed in the Sumerian and Akkadian Mesopotamian cultures.�76� Antichresis contracts were incorporated in Babylonian law, modifying and combining it with that of mortgage pledge.77� Nearing the end of the classical period, antichresis contracts entered Roman law that �adopted the convention that the tenant usufruct had to be exactly compensated by the interest on the lump sum payment.�78� During the middle ages, canon law banned antichresis contracts for being a form of usury.79� These contracts only reappeared in the 1804 Napoleonic Code that influenced the laws of most countries today.80� It had been observed that �antichresis contracts coexist with periodic rent contracts in many property markets.�81

In the Civil Code, antichresis provisions may be found under Title XVI, together with other security contracts such as pledge and mortgage.

Antichresis requires delivery of the property to the antichretic creditor, but the latter cannot ordinarily acquire this immovable property in his or her possession by prescription.82

Similar to the prohibition against pactum commissorium83 since creditors cannot �appropriate the things given by way of pledge or mortgage, or dispose of them,�84 an antichretic creditor also cannot appropriate the real property in his or her favor upon the non-payment of the debt.85

Antichresis also requires that the amount of the principal and the interest be in writing for the contract to be valid.86

However, the issue before us does not concern the nature of the relationship between the parties, but the validity of the documents that caused the subsequent transfers of the property involved.

The reinstatement of the property in favor of respondents Revilla spouses was anchored on the lower courts� finding that their signatures as sellers in the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� were forged.

This court has held that the �question of forgery is one of fact.�87� Well-settled is the rule that �[f]actual findings of the lower courts are entitled great weight and respect on appeal, and in fact accorded finality when supported by substantial evidence on the record.�88

The Court of Appeals agreed with the finding of the trial court that the signature of Alfredo Revilla in the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� was forged:

It was convincingly found by the court a quo that the Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa or Deed of Sale covering the subject property allegedly executed by the Spouses Revilla in favor of Zacarias was spurious, as the trial court, after relying on the report of the handwriting experts of the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) saying that �there exist significant differences in handwriting characteristics/habits between the questioned and the standard/sample signatures �ALFREDO REVILLA� such as in the manner of execution of strokes, structural pattern of letters/elements, and minute identifying details�, as well as the trial court�s own visual analysis of the document and the sample signatures of plaintiff-appellee Alfredo, clearly showed that his signature on the said Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa was indeed forged.89

Petitioner contends that the lower courts never declared as falsified the signature of Alfredo�s wife, Paz Castillo-Revilla.� Since the property is conjugal in nature, the sale as to the one-half share of Paz Castillo-Revilla should not be declared as void.90

The transaction took place before the effectivity of the Family Code in 2004. Generally, civil laws have no retroactive effect.91� Article 256 of the Family Code provides that �[it] shall have retroactive effect insofar as it does not prejudice or impair vested or acquired rights in accordance with the Civil Code or other laws.�

Article 165 of the Civil Code states that �[t]he husband is the administrator of the conjugal partnership.�� Article 172 of the Civil Code provides that �[t]he wife cannot bind the conjugal partnership without the husband�s consent, except in cases provided by law.�92� In any case, the Family Code also provides as follows:

Art. 96.� The administration and enjoyment of the community property shall belong to both spouses jointly.� In case of disagreement, the husband�s decision shall prevail, subject to recourse to the court by the wife for proper remedy, which must be availed of within five years from the date of the contract implementing such decision.

In the event that one spouse is incapacitated or otherwise unable to participate in the administration of the common properties, the other spouse may assume sole powers of administration.� These powers do not include disposition or encumbrance without authority of the court or the written consent of the other spouse. In the absence of such authority or consent, the disposition or encumbrance shall be void. � However, the transaction shall be construed as a continuing offer on the part of the consenting spouse and the third person, and may be perfected as a binding contract upon the acceptance by the other spouse or authorization by the court before the offer is withdrawn by either or both offerors. (Emphasis supplied)

Thus, as correctly found by the Court of Appeals, �assuming arguendo that the signature of plaintiff-appellee Paz on the Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa was not forged, her signature alone would still not bind the subject property, it being already established that the said transaction was made without the consent of her husband plaintiff-appellee Alfredo.�93

Lastly, petitioner argues that she has no obligation to prove the genuineness and due execution of the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� considering it is a public document.94

The trial court found otherwise. Atty. Diosdado de Mesa, who allegedly notarized the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa,� was not a commissioned notary public.� The trial court discussed as follows:

Furthermore, it was discovered that the notary public who purportedly notarized the �Kasulatan ng Bilihan ng Lupa� has not been registered notary public in the province of Cavite in 1979 nor at present. The record bears out various Certifications to prove there is no available record on file with the Office of the Clerk of Court, Regional Trial Court, Cavite City of a Commission/Order appointing Atty. Diosdado de Mesa, the lawyer who notarized the subject document, as Notary Public for the Province and City of Cavite (Exh. �Y� to �Y-2�); Certification from the Records Management and Archives Office, Manila that no copy is on file with the said office of the Deed of Sale allegedly executed by plaintiffs before Notary Public Diosdado de Mesa, for and within Imus, Cavite, acknowledged as Doc. No. 432, Page No. 45, Book No. VIII, Series of 1979 (Exh. �Z� to �Z-1�); Certification issued by Clerk of Court, Atty. Ana Liza M. Luna, Regional Trial Court, Tagaytay City that there is no available record on file of a Commission/Order appointing Atty. Diosdado de Mesa as Notary Public for the Province and Cities of Tagaytay, Cavite and Trece Martires in 1979 (Exh. �AA� to �AA-2�); Certification issued by Clerk of Court, Atty. Jose O, Lagao, Jr., Regional Trial Court, Multiple Sala, Bacoor, Cavite that there is no available record on file of a Commission/Order appointing Atty. Diosdado de Mesa as Notary Public for the Province and City of Cavite (Exh. �BB� to �BB-2�); and Certification issued by Clerk of Court, Atty. Regalado E. Eusebio, Regional Trial Court, Multiple Sala, Imus, Cavite that there is no available record on file of a Commission/Order appointing Atty. Diosdado de Mesa as Notary Public for the Province of Cavite (Exh. �CC� to �CC-2�).95 (Emphasis supplied).

Petitioner contends that the Sun spouses were buyers in good faith for value, thus, the court erred in ordering reinstatement of the property in favor of respondents Revilla spouses.96

This court has held that �the rule in land registration law that the issue of whether the buyer of realty is in good or bad faith is relevant only where the subject of the sale is registered land and the purchase was made from the registered owner whose title to the land is clean[.]�97� Our laws have adopted the Torrens system to strengthen public confidence in land transactions:

[T]he Torrens system was adopted in this country because it was believed to be the most effective measure to guarantee the integrity of land titles and to insure their indefeasibility once the claim of ownership is established and recognized.� If a person purchases a piece of land on the assurance that the seller�s title thereto is valid, he should not run the risk of losing his acquisition.� If this were permitted, public confidence in the system would be eroded and land transactions would have to be attended by complicated and not necessarily conclusive investigations and proof of ownership.98

Necessarily, those who rely in good faith on a clean title issued under the Torrens system for registered lands must be protected.� On the other hand, those who purchase unregistered lands do so at their own peril.99

This good faith argument cannot be considered as this case involves unregistered land.� In any case, as explained by respondents Revilla spouses in their memorandum, this is a defense personal to the Sun spouses and cannot be borrowed by petitioner.100� The Sun spouses no longer raised this argument on appeal, but only made a partial appeal regarding legal interest on the award.101

WHEREFORE, this petition is DENIED for lack of merit.� The decision of the Court of Appeals dated August 13, 2009 is AFFIRMED.

SO ORDERED.

Carpio, (Chairperson), Brion, Del Castillo, and Mendoza, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


1 Manzano, Jr. v. Garcia, G.R. No. 179323, November 28, 2011, 661 SCRA 350, 362 [Per J. Leonardo-De Castro, First Division]. See also Gochan and Sons Realty Corporation v. Heirs of Raymundo Baba, 456 Phil. 569, 578�579 (2003) [Per J. Ynares-Santiago, First Division], citing Salomon v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 263 Phil. 1068, 1081�1082 (1990) [Per J. Medialdea, First Division]; Vda. de Portugal v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 242 Phil. 709, 716 (1988) [Per J. Sarmiento, Second Division]; Garanciang v. Garanciang, 138 Phil. 237, 239 (1969) [Per J. Makalintal, En Banc]; Lacsamana v. Court of Appeals, 351 Phil. 526, 533�534 (1998) [Per J. Bellosillo, First Division].

2Rollo, pp. 10�38. The petition is filed pursuant to Rule 45 of the Rules of Court.

3 Id. at 37�38.

4 Id. at 44, citing record, p. 7.

5 Id. at 45.

6 Id.

7 Id.

8 Id.

9 Id.

10 Id. at 46.

11 Id. at 46 and 83.

12 Id. at 46, 162, and 169.

13 Id. at 46.

14 Id.

15 Id. at 46 and 177.

16 Id. at 46�47.

17 Id.

18 Id. at 47.

19 Id.

20 Id.

21 Id.

22 Id. at 161�173, RTC decision. This case, docketed as Civil Case No. TG-1543, was tried at Branch 18, Regional Trial Court, Tagaytay City, with the decision being penned by Presiding Judge Edwin G. Larida, Jr.

23 Id. at 173.

24 Id. at 174�190, CA decision. The decision, docketed as CA-G.R. CV No. 88600, was penned by Associate Justice Isaias Dicdican and concurred in by Associate Justices Bienvenido L. Reyes and Marlene Gonzales-Sison of the Seventh (7th) Division.

25 Id. at 189.

26 Id. at 131. Article 2134 of the Civil Code provides that �[t]he amount of the principal and of the interest shall be specified in writing; otherwise, the contract of antichresis shall be void.�

27 Id.

28 Id. at 131 and 133.

29 Id. at 132.

30 Id. at 134.

31 Id. at 134, citing RTC decision, p. 6.

32 Id. at 136.

33 Id. at 137, citing Far East Bank and Trust Company v. Spouses Cayetano, G.R. No. 179909, January 25, 2010, 611 SCRA 96 [Per J. Villarama, Jr., First Division].

34 Id. at 139.

35 Id. at 140.

36 Id. at 141, citing Tiro v. Philippine Estates Corporation, 585 Phil. 306 (2008) [Per J. Chico-Nazario, Third Division].

37 Id. at 150, citing Tongoy v. Court of Appeals, 208 Phil. 95 (1983) [Per J. Makasiar, Second Division].

38 Id. at 152.

39 Id. at 153.

40 Id. at 154, citing Union Bank of the Philippines v. Court of Appeals, 352 Phil. 808 (1998) [Per J. Romero, Third Division] and Siapno v. Manalo, 505 Phil. 430 (2005) [Per J. Garcia, Third Division].

41 Id. at 156.

42 Id.

43 Id. at 157.

44 Id., citing Bucoy v. Paulino, 131 Phil. 790 (1968) [Per J. Sanchez, En Banc].

45 Id.

46 Id. at 135.

47Department of Education, Division of Albay v. O�ate, 551 Phil. 633, 648�649 (2007) [Per J. Velasco, Jr., Second Division], citing Soliva v. The Intestate Estate of Marcelo M. Villalba, 462 Phil. 761, 773 (2003) [Per J. Panganiban, First Division], which in turn cited Ramos v. Heirs of Ramos, Sr., 431 Phil. 337, 350 (2002) [Per J. Panganiban, Third Division]; Westmont Bank v. Ong, 425 Phil. 834, 846 (2002) [Per J. Quisumbing, Second Division].

48Heirs of Dumaliang v. Serban, 545 Phil. 243, 251 (2007) [Per J. Austria-Martinez, Third Division], citing Felix Gochan and Sons Realty Corporation v. Heirs of Raymundo Baba, 456 Phil. 569, 579 (2003) [Per J. Ynares-Santiago, First Division] and Biala v. Court of Appeals and Maria P. Lee, G.R. No. 43503, October 31, 1990, 191 SCRA 50, 56 [Per J. Medialdea, First Division].

49Rollo, pp. 169 and 184.

50 Civil Code, art. 1410.

51Heirs of Ingjug-Tiro v. Spouses Casals, 415 Phil. 665, 673�674 (2001) [Per J. Bellosillo, Second Division].

52Rollo, p. 139.

53 Id. at 140.

54Ungria v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 165777, July 25, 2011, 654 SCRA 314, 325 [Per J. Peralta, Third Division], citing Pantranco North Express, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 105180, July 5, 1993, 224 SCRA 477, 478 [Per J. Davide, Jr., Third Division].

55 233 Phil. 579 (1987) [Per J. Gancayco, En Banc].

56 Supreme Court Circular No. 7 (1988).

57Manchester Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 233 Phil. 579, 585 (1987) [Per J. Gancayco, En Banc].

58 This was issued on March 24, 1988.

59Rollo, p. 51.

60 G.R. No. 180321, March 20, 2013, 694 SCRA 91 [Per J. Peralta, Third Division].

61 Id. at 99. See also Unilongo v. Court of Appeals, 365 Phil. 105, 114�115 (1999) [Per J. Kapunan, En Banc]; Ermita v. Aldecoa-Delorino, G.R. No. 177130, June 7, 2011, 651 SCRA 128, 137 [Per J. Carpio Morales, En Banc], citing Fernando v. Spouses Lim, 585 Phil. 141 (2008) [Per J. Austria-Martinez, Third Division].

62Rollo, p. 60.

63 Id. at 20.

64 Id. at 167.

65 Tax Declaration No. 19773 in the name of Amada provides that the land had a market value of P13,500.00, while the mango trees had a market value of P1,050.00. (rollo, p. 62). Tax Declaration No. 38 in the name of Amada provides that the land had a market value of P26,550.00, while the mango trees had a market value of P1,500.00. (rollo, p. 63). Tax Declaration No. 30411-A in the name of the Casorla spouses provides that the land had a market value of P20,692.50. (rollo, p. 66). Tax declarations in the name of the Sun spouses provide that the land had a market value of P41,652.00, then P20,692.50, then P20,692.50. (rollo, pp. 69�71).

66Rollo, p. 64.

67 Id. at 67.

68 Id. at 131.

69 Id.

70 Id. at 161.

71See Bangis v. Heirs of Adolfo, G.R. No. 190875, June 13, 2012, 672 SCRA 468, 472 [Per J. Perlas-Bernabe, Third Division].

72Rollo, p. 146.

73 Id. at 161�162.

74 Diego v. Fernando, 109 Phil. 143, 145 (1960) [Per J. J. B. L. Reyes].

75 See I. Navarro and G. Turnbull, Antichresis Leases: Theory and Empirical Evidence from the Bolivian Experience 5 (2009) for its discussion on the history of antichresis.

76 Id.

77 Id.

78 Id.

79 Id.

80 Id. at 6.

81 Id.

82Trillana v. Manansala, et al., 96 Phil. 865, 866 (1955) [Per J. Bengzon, En Banc], citing Barretto v. Barretto, 37 Phil. 234 (1917) [Per J. Torres, En Banc] and Valencia v. Acala, 42 Phil. 177 (1921) [Per J. Villamor, En Banc].

83Pactum commissorium is a stipulation empowering the creditor to appropriate the thing given as guaranty for the fulfilment of the obligation in the event the obligor fails to live up to his undertakings without further formality, such as foreclosure proceedings, and a public sale.� Martires v. Chua, G.R. No. 174240, March 20, 2013, 694 SCRA 38, 52 [Per J. Peralta, Third Division], citing Edralin v. Philippine Veterans Bank, G.R. No. 168523, March 9, 2011, 645 SCRA 75, 89 [Per J. Del Castillo, First Division].

84 CIVIL CODE, art. 2088. �The creditor cannot appropriate the things given by way of pledge or mortgage, or dispose of them.� Any stipulation to the contrary is null and void.�

85 CIVIL CODE, art. 2137 �The creditor does not acquire the ownership of the real estate for non-payment of the debt within the period agreed upon.�

86 CIVIL CODE, art. 2134; Bangis v. Heirs of Adolfo, G.R. No. 190875, June 13, 2012, 672 SCRA 468, 477 [Per J. Perlas-Bernabe, Third Division].

87Deheza-Inamarga v. Alano, et al., 595 Phil. 294, 300 (2008) [Per J. Quisumbing, Second Division], citing Cogtong v. Kyoritsu International, Inc., 555 Phil. 302, 306 (2007) [Per J. Quisumbing, Second Division].

88 Spouses Bernales� v. Heirs of Sambaan, G.R. No. 163271, January 15, 2010, 610 SCRA 90, 99 [Per J. Del Castillo, Second Division].

89Rollo, pp. 52 and 165�166.

90 Id. at 140.

91 CIVIL CODE, art. 4.

92See Fabrigas v. Del Monte, 512 Phil. 627, 640�642 (2005) [Per J. Tinga, Second Division] for its discussion on Article 172 and the Civil Code and the status of contracts entered by a wife without her husband�s consent.

93Rollo, p. 54.

94 Id. at 134.

95 Id. at 166.

96 Id. at 141, citing Heirs of Tiro v. Philippine Estates Corporation, 585 Phil. 306 (2008) [Per J. Chico-Nazario, Third Division].

97See Estate of Cabacungan v. Laigo, G.R. No. 175073, August 15, 2011, 655 SCRA 366, 388 [Per J. Peralta, Third Division], citing Spouses Rayos v. Reyes, 446 Phil. 32, 50 (2003) [Per J. Bellosillo, Second Division], in turn citing Sales v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 40145, July 29, 1992, 211 SCRA 858 [Per J. Romero, Third Division] and David v. Bandin, 233 Phil. 139, 150 (1987) [Per C.J. Yap, First Division].

98Vda. de Melencion v. Court of Appeals, 560 Phil. 334, 356 (2007) [Per J. Nachura, Third Division].

99 See Estate of Cabacungan v. Laigo, G.R. No. 175073, August 15, 2011, 655 SCRA 366, 388 [Per J. Peralta, Third Division].

100Rollo, p. 156.

101 See CA decision, rollo, p. 55.



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November-2014 Jurisprudence                 

  • A.C. No. 9395, November 12, 2014 - DARIA O. DAGING, Complainant, v. ATTY. RIZ TINGALON L. DAVIS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190175, November 12, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EDWIN CABRERA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 203080, November 12, 2014 - DR. IDOL L. BONDOC, Petitioner, v. MARILOU R. MANTALA, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-14-3272 [Formerly: OCA IPI NO. 14-4264-P], November 11, 2014 - FELICIANO O. FRANCIA, Complainant, v. ROBERTO C. ESGUERRA, SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 14, DAVAO CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 185449, November 12, 2014 - GOODYEAR PHILIPPINES, INC. AND REMEGIO M. RAMOS, Petitioners, v. MARINA L. ANGUS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198620, November 12, 2014 - P.J. LHUILLIER, INC. AND MARIO RAMON LUDE�A, Petitioners, v. FLORDELIZ VELAYO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 211228, November 12, 2014 - UNIVERSITY OF PANGASINAN, INC., CESAR DUQUE/JUAN LLAMAS AMOR/DOMINADOR REYES, Petitioners, v. FLORENTINO FERNANDEZ AND HEIRS OF NILDA FERNANDEZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190818, November 10, 2014 - METRO MANILA SHOPPING MECCA CORP., SHOEMART, INC., SM PRIME HOLDINGS, INC., STAR APPLIANCES CENTER, SUPER VALUE, INC., ACE HARDWARE PHILIPPINES, INC., HEALTH AND BEAUTY, INC., JOLLIMART PHILS. CORP., AND SURPLUS MARKETING CORPORATION, Petitioners, v. MS. LIBERTY M. TOLEDO, IN HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS THE CITY TREASURER OF MANILA, AND THE CITY OF MANILA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190120, November 11, 2014 - CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF THE PHILIPPINES EMPLOYEES� UNION (CAAP-EU) FORMERLY AIR TRANSPORTATION EMPLOYEES� UNION (ATEU), Petitioner, v. CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (CAAP); HON. LEANDRO R. MENDOZA, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS, IN HIS CAPACITY AS EX-OFFICIO CAAP CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD; RUBEN F. CIRON, PHD, ACTING DIRECTOR GENERAL, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CAAP EX-OFFICIO VICE CHAIRMAN; HON. AGNES VST. DEVANADERA, ACTING SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, HON. MARGARITO B. TEVES, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, HON. ALBERTO G. ROMULO, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, HON. RONALDO V. PUNO, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, HON. MARIANITO D. ROQUE, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT, AND HON. JOSEPH ACE H. DURANO, SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS CAAP BOARD OF DIRECTORS; DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT (DBM); HON. ROLANDO C. ANDAYA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT; CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION (CSC); HON. CESAR D. BUENAFLOR AND HON. MARY Z. FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS COMMISSIONERS OF THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION; EDUARDO E. KAPUNAN, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL FOR ADMINISTRATION OF CAAP AND AS CHAIRMAN, CAAP SELECTION COMMITTEE; AND ROLANDO P. MANLAPIG, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHAIRMAN, CAAP SPECIAL SELECTION COMMITTEE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 201001, November 10, 2014 - MCMP CONSTRUCTION CORP., Petitioner, v. MONARK EQUIPMENT CORP., Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-12-2336 (Formerly A.M. OCA-IPI No. 11-3695-RTJ), November 12, 2014 - ESTHER P. MAGLEO, Complainant, v. PRESIDING JUDGE ROWENA DE JUAN-QUINAGORAN AND BRANCH CLERK OE COURT ATTY. ADONIS LAURE, BOTH OF BRANCH 166, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, PASIG CITY, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 203560, November 10, 2014 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. APOSTOLITA SAN MATEO, BRIGIDA TAPANG, ROSITA ACCION, AND CELSO MERCADO, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3160 [Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 11-3639-P], November 10, 2014 - LOLITA RAYALA VELASCO, Complainant, v. GERALDO C. OBISPO, UTILITY WORKER I, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 113, PASAY CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014 - BERNARDINA P. BARTOLOME, Petitioner, v. SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM AND SCANMAR MARITIME SERVICES, INC., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 202692, November 12, 2014 - EDMUND SYDECO Y SIONZON, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206357, November 25, 2014 - PRESIDENTIAL COMMISISON ON GOOD GOVERNMENT (PCGG), Petitioner, v. THE HONORABLE OMBUDSMAN CONCHITA CARPIO-MORALES, GREGORIO S. LICAROS, GAUDENCIO BEDUYA, JOSE R. TENGCO, JR., JOSE S. ESTEVES, PLACIDO T. MAPA, JR., JULIO V. MACUJA, VICENTE PATERNO, RAFAEL A. SISON, ROBERTO V. ONGPIN, ALICIA LL. REYES, FORMER MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES (DBP), RODOLFO M. CUENCA, EDILBERTO M. CUENCA, JOSE Y. VILLONGCO, RODOLFO B. SANTIAGO, AURELIO Y. BAUTISTA, GENOVEVA L. BUENO, BIENVENIDO D. CRUZ, ROMEO R. ECHAUZ, JORGE W. JOSE, LEONILO M. OCAMPO, ANTONIO P. SAN JUAN, JR., CLARENCIO S. YUJIOCO, ALL OFFICERS OF RESORTS HOTELS CORPORATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 199448, November 12, 2014 - ROLANDO S. ABADILLA, JR., Petitioner, v. SPOUSES BONIFACIO P. OBRERO AND BERNABELA N. OBRERO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 199852, November 12, 2014 - SPS. FELIPE SOLITARIOS AND JULIA TORDA, Petitioners, v. SPS. GASTON JAQUE AND LILIA JAQUE, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3156 (Formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 08-3012-P), November 11, 2014 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. ISABEL A. SIWA, STENOGRAPHER, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 16, MANILA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 156205, November 12, 2014 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, REGION IV, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES, Petitioner, v. MARJENS INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND PATROCINIO P. VILLANUEVA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192446, November 19, 2014 - SNOW MOUNTAIN DAIRY CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. GMA VETERANS FORCE, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193914, November 26, 2014 - SEVEN BROTHERS SHIPPING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. DMC-CONSTRUCTION RESOURCES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 195792, November 24, 2014 - ABOSTA SHIP MANAGEMENT AND/OR ARTEMIO CORBILLA, Petitioners, v. WILHILM M. HILARIO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 188494, November 26, 2014 - REMMAN ENTERPRISES, INC., Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182472, November 24, 2014 - LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. JAIME K. IBARRA, ANTONIO K. IBARRA, JR., LUZ IBARRA VDA. DE JIMENEZ, LEANDRO K IBARRA, AND CYNTHIA IBARRA-GUERRERO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198677, November 26, 2014 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. BASF COATING + INKS PHILS., INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187000, November 24, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. AQUILINO ANDRADE, ROMAN LACAP, YONG FUNG YUEN, RICKY YU, VICENTE SY, ALVIN SO, ROMUALDO MIRANDA, SINDAO MELIBAS, SATURNINO LIWANAG, ROBERTO MEDINA AND RAMON NAVARRO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190970, November 24, 2014 - VILMA M. SULIMAN, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206728, November 12, 2014 - APO CEMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. MINGSON MINING INDUSTRIES CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204699, November 12, 2014 - BAHIA SHIPPING SERVICES, INC., FRED OLSEN CRUISE LINE, AND MS. CYNTHIA C. MENDOZA, Petitioners, v. JOEL P. HIPE, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199028, November 19, 2014 - COSMOS BOTTLING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION EN BANC OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) AND JUSTINA F. CALLANGAN, IN HER CAPACITY AS DIRECTOR OF THE CORPORATION FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF THE SEC, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 200408, November 12, 2014 - S.V. MORE PHARMA CORPORATION AND ALBERTO A. SANTILLANA, Petitioners, v. DRUGMAKERS LABORATORIES, INC. AND ELIEZER DEL MUNDO, Respondents.; G.R. NO. 200416 - S.V. MORE PHARMA CORPORATION AND ALBERTO A. SANTILLANA, Petitioners, v. DRUGMAKERS LABORATORIES, INC. AND ELIEZER DEL MUNDO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 184618, November 19, 2014 - PEAK VENTURES CORPORATION AND/OR EL TIGRE SECURITY AND INVESTIGATION AGENCY, Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF NESTOR B. VILLAREAL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190863, November 19, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RAUL SATO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 198408, November 12, 2014 - CONCHITA J. RACELIS, Petitioner, v. UNITED PHILIPPINE LINES, INC. AND/OR HOLLAND AMERICA LINES, INC.,* AND FERNANDO T. LISING, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190623, November 17, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROMMEL ARAZA Y SAGUN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 185969, November 19, 2014 - AT&T COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199042, November 17, 2014 - DANILO VILLANUEVA Y ALCARAZ, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10134, November 26, 2014 - PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF COURT EMPLOYEES (PACE), REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, ATTY. VIRGINIA C. RAFAEL, Complainant, v. ATTY. EDNA M. ALIBUTDAN-DIAZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190322, November 26, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VIRGILIO AMORA Y VISCARRA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 183551, November 12, 2014 - THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. ENGR. RODOLFO YECYEC, ROGELIO BINAS, ISIDRO VICTA, IRENEO VI�A, RUDY GO, JUANITO TUQUIB, ROMEO BUSTILLO, FELIX OBALLAS, CASTEO ESCLAMADO, RICARDO LUMACTUD, LEOPOLDO PELIGRO, PATERNO NANOLAN, CARLITO SOLATORIO, MEDARDO ABATON, FEDIL RABANES, FELIX HINGKING, BENJAMIN TOTO, EUFROCINO YBA�EZ, FELOMINO OBSIOMA, LORETO PEROCHO, MARANIE UNGON, NOYNOY ANGCORAN, ROLANDO YUZON, NESTOR CHAVEZ, LEONARDO PREJAN, PRIMO LIBOT, NEMESIO ABELLA, IRENEO LICUT, PROCESO GOLDE, EPIFANIO LABRADOR, AND BRANCH 11, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT (MANOLO FORTICH, BUKIDNON), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190834, November 26, 2014 - ARIEL T. LIM, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 201284, November 19, 2014 - LUVIMIN CEBU MINING CORP. AND LUVIMIN PORT SERVICES COMPANY, INC., Petitioners, v. CEBU PORT AUTHORITY AND PORT MANAGER ANGELO C. VERDAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189861, November 19, 2014 - MICHELIN ASIA APPLICATION CENTER, INC., Petitioner, v. MARIO J. ORTIZ, PACIFIC SUPPORT PETITIONER, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209590, November 19, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GABRIEL DUCAY Y BALAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 196102, November 26, 2014 - GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM, Petitioner, v. AURELIA Y. CALUMPIANO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206379, November 19, 2014 - CECILIA PAGADUAN, Petitioner, v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION* AND REMA MARTIN SALVADOR, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 183795, November 12, 2014 - PRUDENTIAL BANK (NOW BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS) AS THE DULY APPOINTED ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ESTATE OF JULIANA DIEZ VDA. DE GABRIEL, Petitioner, v. AMADOR A. MAGDAMIT, JR., ON HIS BEHALF AND AS SUBSTITUTED HEIR (SON) OF AMADOR MAGDAMIT, SR., AND AMELIA F. MAGDAMIT, AS SUBSTITUTED HEIR (WIDOW) OF AMADOR MAGDAMIT, SR., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 154291, November 12, 2014 - LOPEZ REALTY, INC. AND ASUNCION LOPEZ-GONZALES, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES REYNALDO TANJANGCO AND MARIA LUISA ARGUELLES-TANJANGCO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189405, November 19, 2014 - SHERWIN DELA CRUZ, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND CARLOS ALBERTO L. GONZALES, IN BEHALF OF HIS DECEASED BROTHER, JEFFREY WERNHER L. GONZALES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 194068, November 26, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BENJIE CONSORTE Y FRANCO, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. SB-12-19-P [Formerly OCA IPI No. 10-26-SB-P], November 18, 2014 - CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, Complainant, v. HERMINIGILDO L. ANDAL, SECURITY GUARD II, SANDIGANBAYAN, QUEZON CITY, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-12-3076 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 11-3612-P), November 18, 2014 - NOVO A. LUCAS, Complainant, v. ROLANDO A. DIZON, SHERIFF IV, OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, STO. DOMINGO, NUEVA ECIJA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 7054, November 11, 2014 - CONRADO N. QUE, Complainant, v. ATTY. ANASTACIO E. REVILLA, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 191260, November 24, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MELCHOR D. BRITA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 176102, November 26, 2014 - ROSAL HUBILLA Y CARILLO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199032, November 19, 2014 - RETIRED SPO4 BIENVENIDO LAUD, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200877, November 12, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CHARVE JOHN LAGAHIT, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 208567, November 26, 2014 - JEANETTE V. MANALO, VILMA P. BARRIOS, LOURDES LYNN MICHELLE FERNANDEZ AND LEILA B. TAI�O, Petitioners, v. TNS PHILIPPINES INC., AND GARY OCAMPO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198076, November 19, 2014 - TAGANITO MINING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-14-2399 [Formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 13-4013-RTJ], November 19, 2014 - GASPAR BANDOY, Complainant, v. JUDGE JOSE S. JACINTO, JR., PRESIDING JUDGE, BRANCH 45, AND ACTING PRESIDING JUDGE, BRANCH 46, BOTH AT REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, SAN JOSE, OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197567, November 19, 2014 - GOVERNOR ENRIQUE T. GARCIA, JR., Petitioner, v. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, LEONARDO B. ROMAN, ROMEO L. MENDIOLA, PASTOR P. VICHUACO, AURORA J. TIAMBENG, AND NUMERIANO G. MEDINA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 207175, November 26, 2014 - EDUARDO MAGSUMBOL, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 201195, November 26, 2014 - TAGANITO MINING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 183872, November 17, 2014 - OWEN PROSPER A. MACKAY, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES DANA CASWELL AND CERELINA CASWELL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 205144, November 26, 2014 - MARGIE BALERTA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 166923, November 26, 2014 - PHILIPPINE MIGRANTS RIGHTS WATCH, INC., ON ITS OWN BEHALF AND ON BEHALF OF ITS MEMBER-OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS, JESUS REYES AND RODOLFO MACOROL, Petitioners, v. OVERSEAS WORKERS WELFARE ADMINISTRATION AND ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES COMPOSED OF HON. PATRICIA A. STO. TOMAS, VIRGILIO R. ANGELO, MANUEL G. IMSON, THE SECRETARY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, REPRESENTED BY UNDERSECRETARY JOSE S. BRILLANTES, ROSALINDA BALDOZ, THE SECRETARY OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT, REPRESENTED BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY EDUARDO P. OPIDA, MINA C. FIGUEROA, VICTORINO F. BALAIS, CAROLINE R. ROGGE, GREGORIO S. OCA, CORAZON P. CARSOLA AND VIRGINIA J. PASALO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192300, November 24, 2014 - NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF NAVOTAS, SANGGUNIANG BAYAN OF NAVOTAS AND MANUEL T. ENRIQUEZ, IN HIS CAPACITY AS MUNICIPAL TREASURER OF NAVOTAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 179080, November 26, 2014 - EDIGARDO GEROCHE, ROBERTO GARDE AND GENEROSO MARFIL ALIAS �TAPOL�, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 185565, November 26, 2014 - LOADSTAR SHIPPING COMPANY, INCORPORATED AND LOADSTAR INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING COMPANY, INCORPORATED, Petitioners, v. MALAYAN INSURANCE COMPANY, INCORPORATED, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193117, November 26, 2014 - HEIRS OF SPOUSES ANGEL LIWAGON AND FRANCISCA DUMALAGAN, NAMELY: NARCISA LIWAGON-LAGANG, REPRESENTED BY HER HEIR VICTOR LIWAGON LAGANG, LEONCIO LIWAGON, REPRESENTED BY HIS HEIR GERONIMA VDA. LIWAGON, AND JOSEFINA LIWAGON-ESCAUSO REPRESENTED BY THEIR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT AND FOR HERSELF, JOSEFINA LIWAGON-ESCAUSO, Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF SPOUSES DEMETRIO LIWAGON AND REGINA LIWAGON, NAMELY: RODRIGO LIWAGON, MINENCIA LIWAGON-OMITTER, JOSEFINA LIWAGON-NUEVO, TERESITO LIWAGON AND DANILO LIWAGON, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-10-2800 [Formerly A.M. No. 10-5-66-MTC], November 18, 2014 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. MRS. AURORA T. ZU�IGA, CLERK OF COURT II, MRS. MINDA H. CERVANTES, STENOGRAPHER 1, BOTH OF MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT (MTC) VIRAC, CATANDUANES, AND MR. PEPITO F. LUCERO, INTERPRETER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BR. 43, VIRAC, CATANDUANES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 212398, November 25, 2014 - EMILIO RAMON �E.R.� P. EJERCITO, Petitioner, v. HON. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS AND EDGAR �EGAY� S. SAN LUIS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 212584, November 25, 2014 - ALROBEN J. GOH, Petitioner, v. HON. LUCILO R. BAYRON AND COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 210831, November 26, 2014 - SPOUSES TAGUMPAY N. ALBOS AND AIDA C. ALBOS, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES NESTOR M. EMBISAN AND ILUMINADA A. EMBISAN, DEPUTY SHERIFF MARINO V. CACHERO, AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF QUEZON CITY, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 125346, November 11, 2014 - LA SUERTE CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY, Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS AND COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.; G.R. Nos. 136328-29 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. FORTUNE TOBACCO CORPORATION, Respondent.; G.R. No. 144942 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. LA SUERTE CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY, Respondent.; G.R. No. 148605 - STERLING TOBACCO CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.; G.R. No. 158197 - LA SUERTE CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.; G.R. No. 165499 -LA SUERTE CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209651, November 26, 2014 - MARCELO INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT CORPORATION, AND THE HEIRS OF EDWARD T. MARCELO, NAMELY, KATHERINE J. MARCELO, ANNA MELINDA J. MARCELO REVILLA, AND JOHN STEVEN J. MARCELO, Petitioners, v. JOSE T. MARCELO, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187836, November 25, 2014 - SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (SJS) OFFICERS, NAMELY, SAMSON S. ALCANTARA, AND VLADIMIR ALARIQUE T. CABIGAO, Petitioners, v. ALFREDO S. LIM, IN HIS CAPACITY AS MAYOR OF THE CITY OF MANILA, Respondent.; G.R. NO. 187916 - JOSE L. ATIENZA, JR., BIENVINIDO M. ABANTE, MA. LOURDES M. ISIP-GARCIA, RAFAEL P. BORROMEO JOCELYN DAWIS-ASUNCION, MINORS MARIAN REGINA B. TARAN, MACAILA RICCI B. TARAN, RICHARD KENNETH B. TARAN, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR PARENTS RICHARD AND MARITES TARAN, MINORS CZARINA ALYSANDRA C. RAMOS, CEZARAH ADRIANNA C. RAMOS, AND CRISTEN AIDAN C. RAMOS REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER DONNA C. RAMOS, MINORS JAZMIN SYLLITA T. VILA AND ANTONIO T. CRUZ IV, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER MAUREEN C. TOLENTINO, Petitioners, v. MAYOR ALFREDO S. LIM, VICE MAYOR FRANCISCO DOMAGOSO, COUNCILORS ARLENE W. KOA, MOISES T. LIM, JESUS FAJARDO LOUISITO N. CHUA, VICTORIANO A. MELENDEZ, JOHN MARVIN C. NIETO, ROLANDO M. VALERIANO, RAYMUNDO R. YUPANGCO, EDWARD VP MACEDA, RODERICK D. VALBUENA, JOSEFINA M. SISCAR, SALVADOR PHILLIP H. LACUNA, LUCIANO M. VELOSO, CARLO V. LOPEZ, ERNESTO F. RIVERA,[1] DANILO VICTOR H. LACUNA, JR., ERNESTO G. ISIP, HONEY H. LACUNA-PANGAN, ERNESTO M. DIONISO, JR. AND ERICK IAN O. NIEVA, Respondents.; CHEVRON PHILIPPINES INC., PETRON CORPORATION AND PILIPINAS SHELL PETROLEUM CORPORATION, Intervenors.

  • LEONEN, J. - CONCURRING AND DISSENTING OPINION - G.R. No. 187836, November 25, 2014 - SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (SJS) OFFICERS, NAMELY, SAMSON S. ALCANTARA, AND VLADIMIR ALARIQUE T. CABIGAO, Petitioners, v. ALFREDO S. LIM, IN HIS CAPACITY AS MAYOR OF THE CITY OF MANILA, Respondent.; G.R. NO. 187916 - JOSE L. ATIENZA, JR., BIENVINIDO M. ABANTE, MA. LOURDES M. ISIP-GARCIA, RAFAEL P. BORROMEO JOCELYN DAWIS-ASUNCION, MINORS MARIAN REGINA B. TARAN, MACAILA RICCI B. TARAN, RICHARD KENNETH B. TARAN, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR PARENTS RICHARD AND MARITES TARAN, MINORS CZARINA ALYSANDRA C. RAMOS, CEZARAH ADRIANNA C. RAMOS, AND CRISTEN AIDAN C. RAMOS REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER DONNA C. RAMOS, MINORS JAZMIN SYLLITA T. VILA AND ANTONIO T. CRUZ IV, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER MAUREEN C. TOLENTINO, Petitioners, v. MAYOR ALFREDO S. LIM, VICE MAYOR FRANCISCO DOMAGOSO, COUNCILORS ARLENE W. KOA, MOISES T. LIM, JESUS FAJARDO LOUISITO N. CHUA, VICTORIANO A. MELENDEZ, JOHN MARVIN C. NIETO, ROLANDO M. VALERIANO, RAYMUNDO R. YUPANGCO, EDWARD VP MACEDA, RODERICK D. VALBUENA, JOSEFINA M. SISCAR, SALVADOR PHILLIP H. LACUNA, LUCIANO M. VELOSO, CARLO V. LOPEZ, ERNESTO F. RIVERA,[1] DANILO VICTOR H. LACUNA, JR., ERNESTO G. ISIP, HONEY H. LACUNA-PANGAN, ERNESTO M. DIONISO, JR. AND ERICK IAN O. NIEVA, Respondents.; CHEVRON PHILIPPINES INC., PETRON CORPORATION AND PILIPINAS SHELL PETROLEUM CORPORATION, Intervenors.

  • G.R. No. 204025, November 26, 2014 - MARIA LINA S. VELAYO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208749, November 26, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ANECITO ESTIBAL Y CALUNGSAG, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 187987, November 26, 2014 - VICENTE TORRES, JR., CARLOS VELEZ, AND THE HEIRS OF MARIANO VELEZ, NAMELY: ANITA CHIONG VELEZ, ROBERT OSCAR CHIONG VELEZ, SARAH JEAN CHIONG VELEZ AND TED CHIONG VELEZ, Petitioners, v. LORENZO LAPINID AND JESUS VELEZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 191672, November 25, 2014 - DENNIS A. B. FUNA, Petitioner, v. THE CHAIRMAN, CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, FRANCISCO T. DUQUE III, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY LEANDRO R. MENDOZA, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 178512, November 26, 2014 - ALFREDO DE GUZMAN, JR., Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10240 [Formerly CBD No. 11-3241], November 25, 2014 - ESTRELLA R. SANCHEZ, Complainant, v. ATTY. NICOLAS C. TORRES, M.D., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197590, November 24, 2014 - BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, AS REPRESENTED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS, SPOUSES ANTONIO VILLAN MANLY, AND RUBY ONG MANLY, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 167290, November 26, 2014 - HERMANO OIL MANUFACTURING & SUGAR CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. TOLL REGULATORY BOARD, ENGR. JAIME S. DUMLAO, JR., PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION (PNCC) AND DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 161589, November 24, 2014 - PENTA PACIFIC REALTY CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. LEY CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 209202, November 19, 2014 - CATALINO B. BELMONTE, JR., Petitioner, v. C.F. SHARP CREW MANAGEMENT, INC.,/JUAN JOSE P. ROCHA AND JAMES FISHER (GUERNSEY) LTD., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 209201, November 19, 2014 - NEW FILIPINO MARITIME AGENCIES INC., ST. PAUL MARITIME CORP., AND ANGELINA T. RIVERA, Petitioners, v. MICHAEL D. DESPABELADERAS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208740, November 19, 2014 - CORPORATE STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT CORP., AND RAFAEL R. PRIETO, Petitioners, v. NORMAN A. AGOJO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205015, November 19, 2014 - MA. MIMIE CRESCENCIO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204589, November 19, 2014 - RIZALDY SANCHEZ Y CAJILI, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 186455, November 19, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. ROSALINDA CASABUENA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192924, November 26, 2014 - PHILIPPINE AIRLINES, INC., Petitioner, v. REYNALDO V. PAZ, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-14-3270 [formerly OCA IPI No. 11-3579-P], November 18, 2014 - ANGELITO P. MIRANDA, Complainant, v. MA. THERESA M. FERNANDEZ, CLERK III, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, QUEZON CITY, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-11-2979 [formerly OCA IPI No. 10-3352-P], November 18, 2014 - ELLA M. BARTOLOME, Complainant, v. ROSALIE B. MARANAN, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 20, IMUS, CAVITE, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 4697, November 25, 2014 - FLORENCIO A. SALADAGA, Complainant, v. ATTY. ARTURO B. ASTORGA, Respondent.; A.C. NO. 4728 - FLORENCIO A. SALADAGA, Complainant, v. ATTY. ARTURO B. ASTORGA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 211424, November 26, 2014 - DAVAO HOLIDAY TRANSPORT SERVICES CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES EULOGIO AND CARMELITA EMPHASIS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200894, November 10, 2014 - LUZVIMINDA APRAN CANLAS, Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 175410, November 12, 2014 - SMI-ED PHILIPPINES TECHNOLOGY, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014 - AMADA COTONER-ZACARIAS, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES ALFREDO REVILLA AND THE HEIRS OF PAZ REVILLA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 199402, November 12, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. ENRIQUE QUINTOS Y BADILLA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 156330, November 19, 2014 - NEDLLOYD LIJNEN B.V. ROTTERDAM AND THE EAST ASIATIC CO., LTD., Petitioners, v. GLOW LAKS ENTERPRISES, LTD., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 142983, November 26, 2014 - SOLIDBANK CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. GOYU & SONS, INC., GO SONG HIAP, BETTY CHIU SUK YING, NG CHING KWOK, YEUNG SHUK HING, AND THEIR RESPECTIVE SPOUSES, AND MALAYAN INSURANCE COMPANY, INC., Respondents; RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORPORATION, Respondent (Intervenor).

  • A.M. No. RTJ-13-2360 (Formerly A.M. OCA IPI No. 08-3010-RTJ), November 19, 2014 - DOROTHY FE MAH-AREVALO, Complainant, v. JUDGE CELSO L. MANTUA, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF PALOMPON, LEYTE, BRANCH 17, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190486, November 26, 2014 - STANLEY FINE FURNITURE, ELENA AND CARLOS WANG, Petitioners, v. VICTOR T. GALLANO AND ENRIQUITO SIAREZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 179518, November 11, 2014 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. VICENTE VICTOR C. SANCHEZ, HEIRS OF KENNETH NEREO SANCHEZ, REPRESENTED BY FELISA GARCIA YAP, AND HEIRS OF IMELDA C. VDA. DE SANCHEZ, REPRESENTED BY VICENTE VICTOR C. SANCHEZ, Respondents.; G.R. NO. 179835 - GENEROSO TULAGAN, HEIRS OF ARTURO MARQUEZ, REPRESENTED BY ROMMEL MARQUEZ, AND VARIED TRADERS CONCEPT, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT AND GENERAL MANAGER, ANTHONY QUINA, Petitioners, v. VICENTE VICTOR C. SANCHEZ, HEIRS OF KENNETH NEREO SANCHEZ, REPRESENTED BY FELISA GARCIA YAP, AND HEIRS OF IMELDA C. VDA. DE SANCHEZ, REPRESENTED BY VICENTE VICTOR C. SANCHEZ, JESUS V. GARCIA, AND TRANSAMERICAN SALES & EXPOSITION, INC., Respondents.; G.R. NO. 179954 - REYNALDO V. MANIWANG, Petitioner, v. VICENTE VICTOR C. SANCHEZ AND FELISA GARCIA YAP, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 172652, November 26, 2014 - METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, Petitioner, v. WILFRED N. CHIOK, Respondent.; G.R. No. 175302 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. WILFRED N. CHIOK, Respondent.; G.R. No. 175394 - GLOBAL BUSINESS BANK, INC., Petitioner, v. WILFRED N. CHIOK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 175707, November 19, 2014 - FORT BONIFACIO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE AND REVENUE DISTRICT OFFICER, REVENUE DISTRICT NO. 44, TAGUIG AND PATEROS, BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.; G.R. NO. 18003 - FORT BONIFACIO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE AND REVENUE DISTRICT OFFICER, REVENUE DISTRICT NO. 44, TAGUIG AND PATEROS, BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.; G.R. No. 181092 - 5 FORT BONIFACIO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE AND REVENUE DISTRICT OFFICER, REVENUE DISTRICT NO. 44, TAGUIG AND PATEROS, BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196122, November 12, 2014 - JOEL B. MONANA, Petitioner, v. MEC GLOBAL SHIPMANAGEMENT AND MANNING CORPORATION AND HD HERM DAVELSBERG GMBH, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 210987, November 24, 2014 - THE PHILIPPINE AMERICAN LIFE AND GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Petitioner, v. THE SECRETARY OF FINANCE AND THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 5440, November 26, 2014 - SPOUSES NICASIO AND DONELITA SAN PEDRO, Complainants, v. ATTY. ISAGANI A. MENDOZA, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-11-2290 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 08-2954-RTJ], November 18, 2014 - MARILOU T. RIVERA, Complainant, v. JUDGE JAIME C. BLANCAFLOR, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 26, STA. CRUZ, LAGUNA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 194751, November 26, 2014 - AURORA N. DE PEDRO, Petitioner, v. ROMASAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205487, November 12, 2014 - ORION SAVINGS BANK, Petitioner, v. SHIGEKANE SUZUKI, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184203, November 26, 2014 - CITY OF LAPU-LAPU, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC ZONE AUTHORITY, Respondent.; G.R. NO. 187583 - PROVINCE OF BATAAN, REPRESENTED BY GOVERNOR ENRIQUE T. GARCIA, JR., AND EMERLINDA S. TALENTO, IN HER CAPACITY AS PROVINCIAL TREASURER OF BATAAN, Petitioners, v. PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC ZONE AUTHORITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182601, November 10, 2014 - JOEY M. PESTILOS, DWIGHT MACAPANAS, MIGUEL GACES, JERRY FERNANDEZ AND RONALD MUNOZ, Petitioners, v. MORENO GENEROSO AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 187836, November 25, 2014 - SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (SJS) OFFICERS, NAMELY, SAMSON S. ALCANTARA, AND VLADIMIR ALARIQUE T. CABIGAO, Petitioners, v. ALFREDO S. LIM, IN HIS CAPACITY AS MAYOR OF THE CITY OF MANILA, Respondent.; G.R. No. 187916 - JOSE L. ATIENZA, JR., BIENVINIDO M. ABANTE, MA. LOURDES M. ISIP-GARCIA, RAFAEL P. BORROMEO JOCELYN DAWIS-ASUNCION, MINORS MARIAN REGINA B. TARAN, MACAILA RICCI B. TARAN, RICHARD KENNETH B. TARAN, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR PARENTS RICHARD AND MARITES TARAN, MINORS CZARINA ALYSANDRA C. RAMOS, CEZARAH ADRIANNA C. RAMOS, AND CRISTEN AIDAN C. RAMOS REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER DONNA C. RAMOS, MINORS JAZMIN SYLLITA T. VILA AND ANTONIO T. CRUZ IV, REPRESENTED AND JOINED BY THEIR MOTHER MAUREEN C. TOLENTINO, Petitioners, v. MAYOR ALFREDO S. LIM, VICE MAYOR FRANCISCO DOMAGOSO, COUNCILORS ARLENE W. KOA, MOISES T. LIM, JESUS FAJARDO LOUISITO N. CHUA, VICTORIANO A. MELENDEZ, JOHN MARVIN C. NIETO, ROLANDO M. VALERIANO, RAYMUNDO R. YUPANGCO, EDWARD VP MACEDA, RODERICK D. VALBUENA, JOSEFINA M. SISCAR, SALVADOR PHILLIP H. LACUNA, LUCIANO M. VELOSO, CARLO V. LOPEZ, ERNESTO F. RIVERA,1 DANILO VICTOR H. LACUNA, JR., ERNESTO G. ISIP, HONEY H. LACUNA-PANGAN, ERNESTO M. DIONISO, JR. AND ERICK IAN O. NIEVA, Respondents.; CHEVRON PHILIPPINES INC., PETRON CORPORATION AND PILIPINAS SHELL PETROLEUM CORPORATION, Intervenors.

  • G.R. No. 204142, November 19, 2014 - HONDA CARS PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. HONDA CARS TECHNICAL SPECIALIST AND SUPERVISORS UNION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 172218, November 26, 2014 - FELICIANO B. DUYON, SUBSTITUTED BY HIS CHILDREN: MAXIMA R. DUYON-ORSAME, EFREN R. DUYON, NOVILYN R. DUYON, ELIZABETH R. DUYON-SIBUMA, MODESTO R. DUYON, ERROL R. DUYON, AND DIVINA R. DUYON-VINLUAN, Petitioners, v. THE FORMER SPECIAL FOURTH DIVISION OF THE COURT OF APPEALS AND ELEONOR P. BUNAG-CABACUNGAN, RESPONDENTS.FELICIANO B. DUYON, SUBSTITUTED BY HIS CHILDREN: MAXIMA R. DUYON-ORSAME, EFREN R. DUYON, NOVILYN R. DUYON, ELIZABETH R. DUYON-SIBUMA, MODESTO R. DUYON, ERROL R. DUYON, AND DIVINA R. DUYON-VINLUAN, Petitioners, v. THE FORMER SPECIAL FOURTH DIVISION OF THE COURT OF APPEALS AND ELEONOR P. BUNAG-CABACUNGAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No.199008, November 19, 2014 - DANILO ALMERO, TERESITA ALAGON, CELIA BULASO, LUDY RAMADA, REGINA GEGREMOSA, ISIDRO LAZARTE, THELMA EMBARQUE, FELIPE LAZARTE, GUILERMA LAZARTE, DULCESIMA BENIMELE, Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF MIGUEL PACQUING, AS REPRESENTED BY LINDA PACQUING�FADRILAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 204700, November 24, 2014 - EAGLERIDGE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, MARCELO N. NAVAL AND CRISPIN I. OBEN, Petitioners, v. CAMERON GRANVILLE 3 ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 166790, November 19, 2014 - JUAN P. CABRERA, Petitioner, v. HENRY YSAAC, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193551, November 19, 2014 - HEIRS OF GREGORIO LOPEZ, REPRESENTED BY ROGELIA LOPEZ, ET AL., Petitioners, v. DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES [NOW SUBSTITUTED BY PHILIPPINE INVESTMENT TWO (SPV-AMC), INC.], Respondents.