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PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 2001
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 2001 -
ESTABLISHING A PROGRAM TO GRADUALLY WITHDRAW THE USE OF TETRAETHYL LEAD
IN GASOLINE AND, AS SUBSTITUTE THEREFOR, TO USE ETHANOL
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WHEREAS,
Tetraethyl (TEL) is an additive to gasoline used to reduce or prevent
engine knock on gasoline-fed vehicles by increasing octane number and,
as an imported item, requires annual expenditures of approximately two
hundred million pesos.
WHEREAS, it has been established that TEL is a poisonous compound of
lead that, when expelled from the exhaust pipes of motor vehicles as
particulates and inhaled, is readily absorbed into the body leading to
lead poisoning and various illnesses and, setting quickly out of ther,
it contaminates the soil resulting in increased danger to health;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, scientific investigations have conclusively shown that lead
pollution in the Philippines is serious and that the adverse
consequences of lead intoxication attributable to TEL in gasoline is
grievous, thus increasing concerned in the Philippines about the
detrimental effects of free lead in the atmosphere; chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, medical investigations in the Philippines have shown that in
the urban areas Filipino children have been exposed to lead poisoning
beyond tolerable medical limits;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, it is imperative for the Philippines to adopt a national
program designed to arrest the dangers posed by TEL nationwide;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, various chemical compounds can be used for blending with
gasoline to reduce and/or eliminate TEL in gasoline without posing
danger to health and at the same time improve octane ratings, among
which substitutes is ethanol which is the only one that can be produced
locally in sufficient quantity and quality, indicating that ethanol is
the best choice in the Philippines to replace TEL as a gasoline
additive;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, technical duties have shown that ethanol may be produced
efficiently from sugar cane and in existing sugar districts so that,
considering the plight of the sugar industry which resulted from the
depressed world prices of sugar, the early implementation of an ethanol
program will produce an additional benefit of providing a new market
for the local sugar industry. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Republic of
the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the
Constitution, do hereby order and decree:cralaw:red
Section 1. It is hereby declared to be the policy of
the State, in view of the growing world-wide concern over the harmful
effects brought by the use of tetraethyl lead (TEL) in gasoline and as
a measure to protect and safeguard the health of the people against
lead poisoning, to eliminate the use of tetraethyl lead (TEL) in
gasoline, and in its stead, to use ethanol.
Section 2. In pursuance of the above policy, the
Philippine National Alcohol Commission (PNAC), under the Ministry of
Trade and Industry is hereby directed to immediately drawn up a
National Ethanol Program which will cause the gradual withdrawal of the
use of TEL in gasoline in blending ethanol with gasoline beginning with
a 5% blend up to 20% blend which maximum blend is to be attained as
soon as practicable but not later than 5 years from date hereof. Such
program shall include the establishment of alcohol distilleries in
appropriate locations throughout the country, with preferential
emphasis on sugar central districts in order to ensure adequate supply
of ethanol to support this program. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
Section 3. The Ministry of Energy is hereby directed
to implement a program, consistent with the rules and regulations drawn
up by PNAC, which will cause the oil companies operating in the
Philippines to blend ethanol with gasoline, leading to the phase-out of
lead in gasoline.
Section 4. The National Pollution Control Commission
(NPCC) is hereby directed to coordinate with PNAC in establishing
standards for permissible lead content in the emission of all types of
motor vehicles, NPCC is also hereby directed to enable such standards.
Section 5. The Ministry of Health is hereby directed
to motion on a regular basis the incidence of lead poisoning in the
country and to recommend or take such remedial measures as may be
warranted to counteract its adverse effects.
Section 6. The Philippine National Alcohol
Commission shall be responsible for the implementation of the National
Ethanol Program and shall prepare the implementing rules and
regulations therefor. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
Section 7. All laws, decrees, executive orders,
administrative orders, rules and regulations or parts thereof which are
inconsistent with the provisions of this Decree are hereby repealed,
amended or modified accordingly.
Section 8. This Decree shall take effect immediately.
DONE in the City of Manila,
this 16th day of November, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred
and eighty-five.
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