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PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 583
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PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 583 -
PRESCRIBING PENALTIES FOR THE UNLAWFUL EJECTMENT, EXCLUSION, REMOVAL OR
OUSTER OF TENANT-FARMERS FROM THEIR FARMHOLDINGS
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WHEREAS, I
have declared in various decrees, letters of instructions and other
orders, as well as in my speeches and other oral pronouncements that
the land reform under the New Society; chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, the determination of the Government to implement the program
has been demonstrated by various acts, including the revitalization of
agencies implementing the program such as the Department of Agrarian
Reform and the Land Bank, and the channeling of a major portion of
government resources to the program, as well as the promulgation of
decrees, letters of instructions and other orders designed to hasten
the implementation of the program and the protection of the tenants;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, notwithstanding all the foregoing, there remains a strong
resistance to the program on the part of some of our citizens,
including government officials, and this has been made evident by
direct acts such as the ejection of tenant-farmers notwithstanding the
prohibition against ejectment of subtle schemes intended to obstruct
the progress of the program or to keep the tenants in perpetual bondage
under a feudalistic system of landownership;chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
WHEREAS, these acts or schemes against a vital program of the New
Society cannot be allowed, and will not be allowed, to remain
unpunished or without sanction from the Government. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines,
by virtue of the powers in me vested by the Constitution, do hereby
decree and order:
Section 1. In view of the determination of the
Government to emancipate the tenant-farmers from a feudalistic system
of landownership, it is hereby declared a policy of the State, in
furtherance of its desire to protect the tenant-farmers, that no acts
or schemes designed to obstruct the implementation of land reform
program or obviously in derogation of the rights of tenant-farmers
shall remain unpunished.
Section 2. Any judge of the Court of Agrarian
Relations, Court of First Instance, City or Municipal Court or any
fiscal or any investigating officer, including members of the Armed
Forces of the Philippines, who shall order the ejectment, ouster,
exclusion or removal of any tenant-farmer from the land tilled by him
or who shall take cognizance of any ejectment case or any other similar
case designed to exclude, oust, eject or remove a tenant-farmer from
the land tilled by him without first complying with the provisions of
Presidential Decree No. 316 shall, upon conviction, be punished by
prision mayor and perpetual absolute disqualification.
Section 3. Any official or employee of the
Government, including members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines,
who executes and order for the ouster, removal, exclusion or ejectment
of a tenant-farmer, knowing that the order is unlawful as provided
under Section 2 of this Decree shall, upon conviction, suffer the
penalty of prision correccional and perpetual absolute disqualification.
Section 4. Unless previously authorized by the
Secretary of Agrarian Reform, any land-owner who converts his tenanted
land primarily devoted to rice and corn into any non-agricultural use
or to the production of any other crop as a means to avoid the
application of the land reform laws or decrees to his landholdings and
to dispossess his tenant-farmers of the land tilled by them shall, upon
conviction, suffer the penalty of prision mayor or a fine ranging from
P5,000.00 to P10,000.00, or both, at the discretion of the court. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
The same penalty shall be imposed on a landowner who by any other act,
scheme or strategy shall eject, exclude, remove or oust and/or causes
the ouster, exclusion, removal or ejectment of a tenant-farmer from his
farm-holding in contravention of decrees, laws, and other orders on
land reform.
Section 5. Repealing Clause. — All provisions of
existing laws, orders, decrees, rules and regulations inconsistent
herewith are hereby repealed or modified accordingly. chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
Section 6. Effectivity of this Decree. — This Decree
shall take effect immediately.
DONE in the City of Manila,
this 16th day of November, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred
and seventy-four.
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Since 19.07.98
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