41 C.F.R. PART 101–8—NONDISCRIMINATION IN PROGRAMS RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Title 41 - Public Contracts and Property Management
Authority: Sec. 205(c), 63 Stat. 390; 40 U.S.C. 486(c).
Source: 47 FR 25337, June 11, 1982, unless otherwise noted.
Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 101–8 appear at 68 FR 51374, Aug. 26, 2003.
(a) The purpose of this subpart is to implement section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of handicap in any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. (b) This subpart applies to each recipient or subrecipient of Federal assistance from GSA and to each program or activity that receives assistance. (a) Section 504 means section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Public Law 93–112, as amended by the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1974, Public Law 93–516, 29 U.S.C. 794. (b) Handicapped person means any person who has a physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of such impairments, or is regarded as having such an impairment. (c) As used in paragraph (b) of this section, the phrase: (1) Physical or mental impairment means: (i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: Neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive, digestive, genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and endocrine; or (ii) Any mental or psychological disorder, such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities. The term “physical or mental impairment” includes, but is not limited to, such diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech and hearing impairments, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation, emotional illness and drug addiction and alcoholism, when current use of drugs and/or alcohol is not detrimental to or interferes with the employee's performance, nor constitutes a direct threat to property or safety of others. (2) Major life activities means functions such as caring for one's self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working. (3) Has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. (4) Is regarded as having an impairment means: (i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but that is treated by a recipient as constituting such a limitation; (ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such impairment; or (iii) Has none of the impairments defined in paragraphs (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, but is treated by a recipient as having such an impairment. (d) Qualified handicapped person means: (1) With respect to employment, a handicapped person who, with reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of the job in question; (2) With respect to public preschool, elementary, secondary, or adult education services, a handicapped person: (i) Of an age during which nonhandicapped persons are provided such services; (ii) Of any age during which it is mandatory under state law to provide such services to handicapped persons; or (iii) To whom a state is required to provide a free appropriate public education under section 612 of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, Public Law 94–142. (3) With respect to postsecondary and vocational education services, a handicapped person who meets the academic and technical standards requisite to admission or participation in the recipient's education program or activity; and (4) With respect to other services, a handicapped person who meets the essential eligibility requirements for the receipt of such services. (e) Handicap means condition or characteristic that renders a person a handicapped person as defined in paragraph (b) of this section. (f) The term program or activity means all of the operations of any entity described in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section, any part of which is extended Federal financial assistance: (1)(i) A department, agency, special purpose district, or other instrumentality of a State or of a local government; or (ii) The entity of such State or local government that distributes such assistance and each such department or agency (and each other State or local government entity) to which the assistance is extended, in the case of assistance to a State or local government; (2)(i) A college, university, or other postsecondary institution, or a public system of higher education; or (ii) A local educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3)(i) An entire corporation, partnership, or other private organization, or an entire sole proprietorship— (A) If assistance is extended to such corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship as a whole; or (B) Which is principally engaged in the business of providing education, health care, housing, social services, or parks and recreation; or (ii) The entire plant or other comparable, geographically separate facility to which Federal financial assistance is extended, in the case of any other corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship; or (4) Any other entity which is established by two or more of the entities described in paragraph (f)(1), (2), or (3) of this section. The definitions set forth in §101–6.216, to the extent not inconsistent with this subpart, are made applicable to and incorporated into this subpart. [47 FR 25337, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51374, Aug. 26, 2003] No qualified handicapped persons shall, on the basis of handicap, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or otherwise be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity that receives Federal assistance from GSA. (a) A recipient, in providing any aid, benefit, or service, may not directly or through contractual, licensing, or other arrangements, on the basis of handicap: (1) Deny a qualified person the opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service; (2) Afford a qualified handicapped person an opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service that is not equal to that afforded others; (3) Provide a qualified handicapped person with an aid, benefit, or service that is not as effective in affording equal opportunity to obtain the same result, to gain the same benefit, or to reach the same level of achievement as that provided others; (4) Provide different or separate aid, benefits, or services to handicapped persons or to any class of handicapped persons than is provided to others unless the action is necessary to provide qualified handicapped persons with aid, benefits, or services that are as effective as those provided to others; (5) Aid or perpetuate discrimination against a qualified handicapped person by providing significant assistance to an agency, organization, or person that discriminates on the basis of handicap in providing any aid, benefit, or services to beneficiaries of the recipient's program or activity; (6) Deny a qualified handicapped person the opportunity to participate as a member of planning committees, advisory boards, or other groups; or (7) Otherwise limit a qualified handicapped person in the enjoyment of any right, privilege, advantage, or opportunity enjoyed by others receiving the aid, benefit, or service. (b) For purposes of this subpart, aids, benefits, and services, to be equally effective, are not required to produce the identical result or level of achievement for handicapped and nonhandicapped persons, but must afford handicapped persons equal opportunity to obtain the same result, to gain the same benefit, or to reach the same level of achievement in the most integrated setting appropriate to the person's needs. (c) Despite the existence of permissible separate or different aid, benefits, or services, a recipient may not deny a qualified handicapped person the opportunity to participate in aid, benefits, or services that are not separate or different. (d) A recipient may not, directly or through contractual or other arrangements, use criteria or methods of administration that: (1) Have the effect of subjecting qualified handicapped persons to discrimination on the basis of handicap; (2) Have the purpose or effect of defeating or substantially impairing accomplishment of the objectives of the recipient's program or activity with respect to handicapped persons; or (3) Perpetuate the discrimination of another recipient if both recipients are subject to common administrative control or are agencies of the same State. (e) In determining the site of a facility, an applicant for assistance or a recipient may not make selections that: (1) Have the effect of excluding handicapped persons from, denying them the benefits of, or otherwise subjecting them to discrimination under any program or activity that receives Federal assistance from GSA; or (2) Have the purpose or effect of defeating or substantially impairing the accomplishment of the objectives of the program or activity with respect to handicapped persons. (f) As used in this section, the aid, benefit, or service provided under a program or activity receiving Federal assistance includes any aid, benefit, or service provided in or through a facility that has been constructed, expanded, altered, leased, or rented, or otherwise acquired, in whole or in part, with Federal assistance. (g) The exclusion of nonhandicapped persons from aid, benefits, or services limited by Federal statute or Executive order to handicapped persons or the exclusion of a specific class of handicapped persons from aid, benefits, or services limited by Federal statute or Executive order to a different class of handicapped persons is not prohibited by this subpart. (h) Recipients shall take appropriate steps to ensure that communications with the donees, applicants, employees, and handicapped persons participating in federally assisted programs or activities or receiving aid, benefits, or services are available to persons with impaired vision and hearing. Examples of communications methods include: Telecommunication devices for the deaf (TDD's), other telephonic devices, provision of braille materials, readers, and qualified sign language interpreters. (i) The enumeration of specific forms of prohibited discrimination in this section does not limit the generality of the prohibition in §101–8.302 of this subpart. (a) The obligation to comply with this subpart is not obviated or alleviated by the existence of any State or local law or other requirement that, on the basis of handicap, imposes prohibitions or limits upon the eligibility of qualified handicapped persons to receive services or to practice any occupation or profession. (b) The obligation to comply with this subpart is not obviated or alleviated because employment opportunities in any occupation or profession are or may be more limited for handicapped persons than for nonhandicapped persons. (a) No qualified handicapped person shall, on the basis of handicap, be subjected to employment discrimination under any program or activity to which this subpart applies. (b) A recipient shall make all decisions concerning employment under any program or activity to which this subpart applies in a manner which ensures that discrimination on the basis of handicap does not occur and may not limit, segregate, or classify applicants or employees in any way that adversely affects their opportunities or status because of handicap. (c) A recipient may not participate in a contractual or other relationship that has the effect of subjecting qualified handicapped applicants or employees to discrimination prohibited by this subpart. The relationships referred to in this paragraph include relationships with employment and referral agencies, labor unions, organizations providing or administering fringe benefits to employees of the recipient, and organizations providing training and apprenticeships. (d) The provisions of this subpart apply to: (1) Recruitment, advertising, and processing of applications for employment; (2) Hiring, upgrading, promotion, award of tenure, demotion, transfer, layoff, termination, right of return from layoff, and rehiring; (3) Rates of pay or any other form of compensation and changes in compensation; (4) Job assignments, job classifications, organizational structures, position descriptions, lines of progression, and seniority lists; (5) Leaves of absence, sick or otherwise; (6) Fringe benefits available by virtue of employment, whether administered by the recipient or not; (7) Selection and provision of financial support for training, including apprenticeship, professional meetings, conferences, and other related activities, and selection for leaves of absence to pursue training; (8) Employer-sponsored activities, including those that are social or recreational; and (9) Any other term, condition, or privilege of employment. (e) A recipient's obligation to comply with this subpart is not affected by any inconsistent term of any collective bargaining agreement to which it is a party. (a) A recipient shall make reasonable accommodation to the known physical or metal limitations of an otherwise qualified handicapped applicant or employee unless the recipient can demonstrate that the accommodation would impose an undue hardship on the operation of its program or activity. (b) Reasonable accommodation may include: (1) Making facilities used by employees readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons; and (2) Job restructuring; part-time or modified work schedules; acquisition or modification of equipment or devices, such as telecommunications devices or other telephonic devices for hearing impaired persons; provision of reader or qualified sign language interpreters; and other similar actions. These actions are to be taken either upon request of the handicapped employee or, if not so requested, upon the recipient's own initiative, after consultation with and approval by the handicapped person. (c) In determining, under paragraph (a) of this section, whether an accommodation would impose an undue hardship on the operation of a recipient's program or activity, factors to be considered include: (1) The overall size of the recipient's program or activity with respect to number of employees, number and type of facilities, and size of budget; (2) The type of the recipient's operation, including the composition and structure of the recipient's work force; and (3) The nature and cost of the accommodation needed. (d) A recipient may not deny an employment opportunity to a qualified handicapped employee or applicant if the basis for the denial is the need to make reasonable accommodation to the physical or mental limitations of the employee or applicant. (a) A recipient may not use an employment test or other selection criterion that screens out or tends to screen out handicapped persons unless the test score or other selection criterion, as used by the recipient, is shown to be job-related for the position in question. (b) A recipient shall ensure that employment tests are adapted for use by persons who have handicaps that impair sensory, manual, or speaking skills except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, a recipient may not conduct a preemployment medical examination or may not make preemployment inquiries of an applicant as to whether the applicant is a handicapped person or as to the nature or severity of a handicap. A recipient may, however, make preemployment inquiries into an applicant's ability to perform job-related functions. (b) When a recipient is taking remedial action to correct the effects of past discrimination, or is taking voluntary action to overcome the effects of conditions that resulted in limited participation in its federally assisted program or activity, or when a recipient is taking affirmative action under section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, the recipient may invite applicants for employment to indicate whether, and to what extent, they are handicapped provided that: (1) The recipient states clearly on any written questionnaire used for this purpose or makes clear orally, if no written questionnaire is used, that the information requested is intended for use solely in connection with its remedial action obligations or its voluntary or affirmative action efforts; and (2) The recipient states clearly that the information is requested on a voluntary basis, that it will be kept confidential as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, that refusal to provide it will not subject the applicant or employee to any adverse treatment, and that it will be used only in accordance with this subpart. (c) This section does not prohibit a recipient from conditioning an offer of employment on the results of a medical examination conducted prior to the employee's entrance on duty provided that all entering employees are subjected to the examination regardless of handicap or absence of handicap and results of the examination are used only in accordance with the requirements of this subpart. (d) Information obtained in accordance with this section concerning the medical condition or history of the applicant shall be collected and maintained on separate forms that are to be accorded confidentiality as medical records, except that: (1) Supervisors and managers may be informed of restrictions on the work or duties of handicapped persons and of necessary accommodations; (2) First aid and safety personnel may be informed, where appropriate, if the condition might require emergency treatment; and (3) Government officials investigating compliance with section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, shall be provided relevant information upon request. (a) General. No handicapped person shall, because a recipient's facilities are inaccessible to or unusable by handicapped persons, be denied the benefits of, be excluded from participation in, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity that receives Federal assistance from GSA. (b) Accessibility. A recipient shall operate any program or activity to which this subpart applies so that when each part is viewed in its entirety it is readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. This paragraph does not require a recipient to make each of its existing facilities or every part of a facility accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. (c) Methods. A recipient may comply with the requirement of paragraph (a) of this section through such means as acquisition or redesign of equipment, such as telecommunications devices or other telephonic devices for the hearing impaired; reassignment of classes or other services to alternate sites which have accessible buildings; assignment of aides to beneficiaries, such as readers for the blind or qualified sign language interpreters for the hearing impaired when appropriate; home visits; delivery of health, welfare, or other social services at alternate accessible sites; alterations of existing facilities and construction of new facilities in conformance with the requirements of §101–8.310; or any other methods that result in making its program or activity accessible to handicapped persons. A recipient is not required to make structural changes in existing facilities where other methods are effective in achieving compliance with paragraph (a) of this section. In choosing among available methods for meeting the requirement of paragraph (a) of this section, a recipient shall give priority to those methods that serve handicapped persons in the most integrated setting appropriate. (d) Small service providers. If a recipient with fewer than 15 employees finds, after consultation with a handicapped person seeking its services, that there is no available method of complying with paragraph (a) of this section other than making a significant alteration in its existing facilities, the recipient may, as an alternative, refer the handicapped person to other providers of those services that are accessible at no additional cost to the handicapped person. (e) Time period. A recipient shall comply with the requirement of paragraph (a) of this section within 60 days of the effective date of this subpart, except that where structural changes in facilities are necessary, the changes are to be made as expeditiously as possible, but in no event later than 3 years after the effective date of this subpart. (f) Transition plan. In the event that structural changes to facilities are necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, a recipient shall develop, within 6 months of the effective date of this subpart, a transition plan setting forth the steps necessary to complete the changes. The plan shall be developed with the assistance of interested persons, including handicapped persons or organizations representing handicapped persons, and the plan must meet with the approval of the Director of Civil Rights, GSA. A copy of the transition plan shall be made available for public inspection. At a minimum, the plan shall: (1) Identify physical obstacles in the recipient's facilities that limit the accessibility to and usability by handicapped persons of its program or activity; (2) Describe in detail the methods that will be used to make the facilities accessible; (3) Specify the schedule for taking the steps necessary to achieve full accessibility under paragraph (a) of this section and, if the time period or the transition plan is longer than 1 year, identify steps that will be taken during each year of the transition period; and (4) Indicate the person responsible for implementation of the plan. (g) Notice. The recipient shall adopt and implement procedures to ensure that interested persons, including persons with impaired vision or hearing, can obtain information concerning the existence and location of services, activities, and facilities that are accessible to, and usable by, handicapped persons. (a) Design and construction. Each facility or part of a facility constructed by, on behalf of, or for the use of a recipient shall be designed and constructed in a manner that the facility or part of the facility is readily accessible to, and usable by, handicapped persons, if the construction began after the effective date of this subpart. (b) Alteration. Each facility or part of a facility which is altered by, on behalf of, or for the use of a recipient after the effective date of this subpart in a manner that affects or could affect the usability of the facility or part of the facility shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be altered in a manner that the altered portion of the facility is readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. (c) GSA Accessibility Standard. Design, construction, or alteration of facilities shall be in conformance with the “GSA Accessibility Standard,” PBS (PCD): DG6, October 14, 1980. A copy of the standard can be obtained through the Business Service Centers, General Services Administration, National Capital Region, 7th and D Streets, SW., Washington, DC 20407 or Regional Business Service Centers, Region 1, John W. McCormack, Post Office and Courthouse, Boston, Massachusetts 02109; Region 2, 26 Federal Plaza, New York, New York 10007; Region 3, Ninth and Market Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107; Region 4, 75 Spring Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303; Region 5, 230 South Dearborn, Chicago, Illinois 60604; Region 6, 1500 East Bannister Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64131; Region 7, 819 Taylor Street, Fort Worth, Texas 76102; Region 8, Building 41, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225; Region 9, 525 Market Street, San Francisco, California 94105; Region 10, GSA Center, Auburn, Washington 98002. In cases of practical difficulty, unnecessary hardship, or extreme differences, exceptions may be granted from the literal requirements of the above-mentioned standard, as defined in §§101–19.604 and 101–19.605 (“Exceptions” and “Waiver or modification of standards”), but only when it is clearly evident that equal facilitation and protection are thereby secured. (a) Definitions. For purposes of this section: (1) Historic Preservation Programs are those that receive Federal financial assistance that has preservation of historic properties as a primary purpose. (2) Historic properties means those properties that are listed or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. (3) Substantial impairment means a permanent alteration that results in a significant loss of the integrity of finished materials, design quality or special character. (b) Obligation—(1) Accessibility. A recipient shall operate any program or activity involving Historic Preservation Programs so that when each part is viewed in its entirety it is readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. This paragraph does not necessarily require a recipient to make each of its existing historic properties or every part of an historic property accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. Methods of achieving accessibility include: (i) Making physical alterations which enable handicapped persons to have access to otherwise inaccessible areas or features of historic properties; (ii) Using audio-visual materials and devices to depict otherwise inaccessible areas or features of historic properties; (iii) Assigning persons to guide handicapped persons into or through otherwise inaccessible portions of historic properties; (iv) Adopting other innovative methods to achieve accessibility. Because the primary benefit of an Historic Preservation Program is the experience of the historic property itself, in taking steps to achieve accessibility, recipients shall give priority to those means which make the historic property, or portions thereof, physically accessible to handicapped individuals. (2) Waiver of accessibility standards. Where accessibility cannot be achieved without causing a substantial impairment of significant historic features, the Administrator may grant a waiver of the accessibility requirement. In determining whether accessibility can be achieved without causing a substantial impairment, the Administrator shall consider the following factors: (i) Scale of property, reflecting its ability to absorb alterations; (ii) Use of the property, whether primarily for public or private purpose; (iii) Importance of the historic features of the property to the conduct of the program or activity; and (iv) Cost of alterations in comparison to the increase in accessibility. The Administrator shall periodically review any waiver granted under this section and may withdraw it if technological advances or other changes so warrant. (c) Advisory Council comments. Where the property is federally owned or where Federal funds may be used for alterations, the comments of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation shall be obtained when required by section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470), and 36 CFR part 800, prior to effectuation of structural alterations. [47 FR 25337, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51374, Aug. 26, 2003] The procedural provisions of title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 are adopted and stated in §§101–6.205–101–6.215 and apply to this subpart. (Sec. 205(c), 63 Stat. 390; 40 U.S.C. 486(c).) (a) Procedures. Each recipient shall, within one year of the effective date of this part: (1) Whenever possible, evaluate, with the assistance of interested persons, including handicapped persons or organizations representing handicapped persons, its current policies and practices and the effects thereof that do not or may not meet the requirements of this part; (2) Modify any policies and practices which do not or may not meet the requirements of this part; and (3) Take appropriate remedial steps to eliminate the effects of discrimination which resulted or may have resulted from adherence to these questionable policies and practices. (b) Availability of self-evaluation and related materials. Recipients shall maintain on file, for at least three years following its completion, the evaluation required under paragraph (a) of this section, and shall provide to the Director, upon request, a description of any modifications made under paragraph (a)(2) of this section and of any remedial steps taken under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6101 et seq.
Source: 50 FR 23412, June 4, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
The Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, prohibits discrimination on the basis of age in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance. This regulation sets out General Services Administration's (GSA) policies and procedures under the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, in accordance with 45 CFR part 90. The Act and the Federal regulation permits Federally assisted programs or activities to continue to use certain age distinctions and factors other than age which meet the requirements of the Act and its implementing regulations. (a) The regulation applies to each GSA recipient and to each program or activity operated by the recipient. (b) The regulations does not apply to: (1) An age distinction contained in that part of Federal, State, local statute or ordinance adopted by an elected, general purpose legislative body that: (i) Provides any benefits or assistance to persons based on age; (ii) Establishes criteria for participation in age-related terms; or (iii) Describes intended beneficiaries or target groups in age-related terms. (2) Any employment practice of any employer, employment agency, labor organization or any labor-management apprenticeship training program, except for any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance for public service employment under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) (29 U.S.C. 801 et seq.). (a) As used in these regulations, the term: Act means the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended (title III of Pub. L. 94–135). (b) Action means any act, activity, policy, rule, standard, or method of administration. (c) Age means how old a person is, or the number of years from the date of a person's birth. (d) Age distinction means any action using age or an age-related term. (e) Age-related term means a word or words that imply a particular age or range or ages (for example, children, adult, older person, but not student). (f) Agency means a Federal department or agency empowered to extend Federal financial assistance. (g) Agency Responsible Officials: (1) Administrator means the Administrator of General Services. (2) Director, Office of Civil Rights means the individual responsible for managing the agency's nondiscrimination Federal financial assistance policy, or his or her designee. (h) Federal financial assistance means (1) grants and loans of Federal funds, (2) the grant or donation of Federal property and interests in property, (3) the services of Federal personnel, (4) the sale and lease of, and the permission to use (on other than a casual or transient basis), Federal property or any interest in such property without consideration or at a nominal consideration, or at a consideration which is reduced for the purposes of assisting the recipient, or in recognition of the public interest to be served by such sale or lease to the recipient, and (5) any Federal agreement, arrangement, or other contract which has as one of its purposes the provision of assistance. (i) GSA means the United States General Services Administration. (j) Primary recipient means any recipient which is authorized or required to extend Federal financial assistance to another recipient. (k) Program or activity means all of the operations of any entity described in paragraphs (k)(1) through (4) of this section, any part of which is extended Federal financial assistance: (1)(i) A department, agency, special purpose district, or other instrumentality of a state or of a local government; (ii) The entity of such state and local government that distributes such assistance and each such department or agency (and each other state or local government entity) to which the assistance is extended, in the case of assistance to a state or local government; (2)(i) A college, university, or other postsecondary institution, or a public system of higher education; or (ii) A local educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3)(i) An entire corporation, partnership, or other private organization, or an entire sole proprietorship— (A) If assistance is extended to such corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship as a whole; or (B) Which is principally engaged in the business of providing education, health care, housing, social services, or parks and recreation; or (ii) The entire plant or other comparable, geographically separate facility to which Federal financial assistance is extended, in the case of any other corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship; or (4) Any other entity which is established by two or more of the entities described in paragraph (k)(1), (2), or (3) of this section. (l) Recipient means any State, political subdivision of any State, or instrumentality of any State or political subdivision, any public or private agency, institution, or organization, or any other entity, or any individual, in any State, to whom Federal financial assistance is extended, directly or through another recipient, including any successor, assign, or transferee thereof, but such term does not include any ultimate beneficiary. [50 FR 23412, June 4, 1985, as amended at 68 FR 51375, Aug. 26, 2003] The rules stated in this section are limited by the exceptions contained in §101–8.706 of this regulation (a) General rule. No person in the United States may on the basis of age, be excluded from participation, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance from GSA. (b) Specific rules. A recipient may not, in any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance, directly or through contractual licensing, or other arrangement, use age distinctions or take any other actions that have the effect on the basis of age, of: (1) Excluding individuals from participating in, denying them the benefits of, or subjecting them to discrimination under a program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance; or (2) Denying or limiting individual opportunity to participate in any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. (c) The forms of age discrimination listed in paragraph (b) of this section are not necessarily a complete list. The terms normal operation and statutory objective are defined as follows: (a) Normal operation means the operation of a program or activity without significant changes that would inhibit meeting objectives. (b) Statutory objective means any purpose of a program or activity expressly stated in any Federal, State, or local statute or ordinance adopted by an elected, general purpose legislative body. A recipient is permitted to take an action, otherwise prohibited, if the action reasonably takes into account age as a factor necessary to the normal operation or achievement of any statutory objective of a program or activity. An action reasonably takes into account age as a factor if: (a) Age is used as a measure or approximation of one or more other characteristics; and (b) The other characteristic must be measured or approximated for the normal operation of the program or activity to continue, or to achieve any statutory objective of the program or activity; and (c) The other characteristic can be reasonably measured or approximated by the use of age; and (d) The other characteristic is impractical to measure directly on an individual basis. (a) A recipient is permitted to take an action, otherwise prohibited by §101–8.706–1, which is based on something other than age, even though the action may have a disproportionate effect on persons of different ages. (b) An action may be based on a factor other than age only if the factor bears a direct and substantial correlation to the normal operation of the program or activity or to the achievement of a statutory objective. The burden of proving that an age distinction or other action falls within the exceptions outlined in §101–8.706 is the recipient's. Even in the absence of a finding of age discrimination, a recipient may take affirmative action to overcome the effects resulting in limited participation in the recipient's program or activity. If a recipient's program or activity provides special benefits to the elderly or to children, such use of age distinctions is presumed to be necessary to the normal operation of the program or activity, notwithstanding the provisions of §101–8.705. Any age distinctions contained in a rule or regulation issued by GSA are presumed to be necessary to the achievement of a statutory objective of the program or activity to which the rule or regulation applies. The GSA regulation 41 CFR 101–44.207(a) (3) through (27), describes specific Federal financial assistance which provides assistance to all age groups. However, the Child Care Center Program servicing children through age 14, and “Programs for Older Individuals”, are the only two types of Federal financial assistance where age distinctions are provided. Each recipient of Federal financial assistance from GSA is responsible for ensuring that its programs or activities comply with the Act and this regulation and must take steps to eliminate violations of the Act. A recipient is also responsible for maintaining records, providing information, and affording GSA access to its records to the extent GSA finds necessary to determine whether the recipient is complying with the Act and this regulation. (a) If a primary recipient passes on Federal financial assistance from GSA to subrecipients, the primary recipient provides to subrecipients, written notice of their obligations under the Act and this regulation. (b) Each recipient makes necessary information about the Act and this regulation available to its beneficiaries to inform them about the protections against discrimination provided by the Act and this regulation. (a) Each recipient of Federal financial assistance from GSA signs a written assurance as specified by GSA that it intends to comply with the Act and this regulation. (b) Recipient assessment of age distinctions. (1) As part of a compliance review under §101–8.715 or complaint investigation under §101.8.718, GSA may require a recipient employing the equivalent of 15 or more employees to complete a written self-evaluation of any age distinction imposed in its program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance from GSA to assess the recipient's compliance with the Act. (2) If an assessment indicates a violation of the Act and the GSA regulation, the recipient takes corrective action. Each recipient must: (a) Keep records in a form and containing information that GSA determines necessary to ensure that the recipient is complying with the Act and this regulation. (b) Provide to GSA upon request, information and reports that GSA determines necessary to find out whether the recipient is complying with the Act and this regulation. (c) Permit reasonable access by GSA to books, records, accounts, facilities, and other sources of information to the extent GSA finds it necessary to find out whether the recipient is complying with the Act and this regulation. GSA adopts HHS policy regarding the kinds of data and information recipients are expected to keep (45 CFR 90.34). This policy is parallel to compliance information sections in the title VI, title IX, and section 504 implementation regulations. While recognizing the need for enough data to assess recipient compliance, GSA is committed to lessening the data gathering burden on recipients. GSA further recognizes that there is no established body of knowledge or experience to guide the assessment of age discrimination. This regulation, therefore, does not impose specific data requirements upon recipients, rather, it allows GSA to be flexible in deciding what kinds of data should be kept by recipients, based on what kinds of data prove useful as GSA gains experience with the Age Discrimination Act, and age discrimination issues become clearer. (d) In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 59–511), the reporting and record keeping provisions included in this regulation will be submitted, for approval, to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). No data collection or record keeping requirement will be imposed on recipients or donees without the required OMB approval number. (a) GSA may conduct compliance reviews and use similar procedures to investigate and correct violations of the Act and this regulation. GSA may conduct the reviews even in the absence of a complaint against a recipient. The reviews may be as comprehensive as necessary to determine whether a violation of the Act and this regulation has occurred. (b) If a compliance review indicates a violation of the Act or this regulation, GSA attempts to achieve voluntary compliance with the Act. If compliance cannot be achieved, GSA arranges for enforcement as described in §101–8.720. (a) Any person, individually or as a member of a class (defined at §101–8.703(e)) or on behalf of others, may file a complaint with GSA alleging discrimination prohibited by the Act or this regulation based on an action occurring after July 1, 1979. A complainant must file a complaint within 80 days from the date the complainant first has knowledge of the alleged act of discrimination. However, for good cause shown, GSA may extend this time limit. (b) GSA considers the date a complaint is filed to be the date upon which the complaint is sufficient to be processed. (c) GSA attempts to facilitate the filing of complaints if possible, including taking the following measures: (1) Accepting as a sufficient complaint, any written statement that identifies the parties involved and the date the complainant first had knowledge of the alleged violation, describes the action or practice complained of, and is signed by the complainant; (2) Freely permitting a complainant to add information to the complaint to meet the requirements of a sufficient complaint; (3) Notifying the complainant and the recipient (or their representative) of their right to contact GSA for information and assistance regarding the complaint resolution process. (d) GSA returns to the complainant any complaint outside the jurisdiction of this regulation, and states the reason(s) why it is outside the jurisdiction of the regulation. (a) GSA promptly refers to the mediation agency designated by the Secretary, HHS, all sufficient complaints that: (1) Fall within the jurisdiction of the Act and this regulation, unless the age distinction complained of is clearly within an exception; and (2) Contain the information needed for further processing. (b) Both the complainant and the recipient must participate in the mediation process to the extent necessary to reach an agreement or make an informed judgement that an agreement is not possible. Both parties need not meet with the mediator at the same time. (c) If the complainant and the recipient agree, the mediator will prepare a written statement of the agreement and have the complainant and the recipient sign it. The mediator must send a copy of the agreement to GSA. GSA takes no further action on the complaint unless the complainant or the recipient fails to comply with the agreement. (d) The mediator must protect the confidentiality of all information obtained in the course of the mediation. No mediator may testify in any adjudicative proceeding, produce any document, or otherwise disclose any information obtained in the course of the mediation process without prior approval of the head of the mediation agency. (e) The mediation proceeds for a maximum of 60 calendar days after a complaint is filed with GSA. Mediation ends if: (1) 60 calendar days elapse from the time the complaint is filed; or (2) Before the end of the 60 calendar-day period an agreement is reached; or (3) Before the end of that 60 calendar-day period, the mediator finds that an agreement cannot be reached. Note: The 60 calendar day period may be extended by the mediator, with the concurrence of GSA, for not more than 30 calendar days if the mediator determines that agreement is likely to be reached during the extension period. (f) The mediator must return unresolved complaints to GSA. (a) Informal investigation. GSA investigates complaints that are unresolved after mediation or are reopened because of a violation of a mediation agreement. As part of the initial investigation, GSA uses informal factfinding methods, including joint or separate discussions with the complainant and the recipient, to establish the fact and, if possible, settle the complaint on terms that are mutually agreeable to the parties. GSA may seek the assistance of any involved State agency. GSA puts any agreement in writing and has it signed by the parties and an authorized official designated by the Administrator or the Director, Office of Organization and Personnel. The settlement may not affect the operation of any other enforcement efforts of GSA, including compliance reviews and investigation of other complaints that may involve the recipient. The settlement is not a finding of discrimination against a recipient. (b) Formal investigation. If GSA cannot resolve the complaint through informal investigation, it begins to develop formal findings through further investigation of the complaint. If the investigation indicates a violation of these regulations, GSA attempts to obtain voluntary compliance. If GSA cannot obtain voluntary compliance, it begins enforcement as described in §101–8.720. A recipient may not engage in acts of intimidation or retaliation against any person who: (a) Attempts to assert a right protected by the Act of this regulation; or (b) Cooperates in any mediation, investigation, hearing, conciliation, and enforcement process. (a) GSA may enforce the Act and these regulations through: (1) Termination of a recipient's Federal financial assistance from GSA under the program or activity involved where the recipient has violated the Act or this regulation. The determination of the recipient's violation may be made only after a recipient has had an opportunity for a hearing on the record before an administrative law judge. (2) Any other means authorized by law including, but not limited to: (i) Referral to the Department of Justice for proceeding to enforce any rights of the United States or obligations of the recipients created by the Act or this regulation, or (ii) Use of any requirement of or referral to any Federal, State, or local government agency that has the effect of correcting a violation of the Act or this regulation. (b) GSA limits any termination to the particular recipient and program or activity or part of such program or activity GSA finds in violation of this regulation. GSA does not base any part of a termination on a finding with respect to any program or activity of the recipient that does not receive Federal financial assistance from GSA. (c) GSA takes no action under paragraph (a) until: (1) The administrator advises the recipient of its failure to comply with the Act and this regulation and determines that voluntary compliance cannot be obtained, and (2) 30 calendar days elapse after the Administrator sends a written report of the grounds of the action to the committees of Congress having legislative jurisdiction over the program or activity involved. The Administrator files a report if any action is taken under paragraph (a) of this section . (d) GSA may also defer granting new Federal financial assistance from GSA to a recipient when a hearing under §101–8.721 is initiated. (1) New Federal financial assistance from GSA includes all assistance for which GSA requires an application or approval, including renewal or continuation of existing activities, or authorization of new activities, during the deferral period. New Federal financial assistance from GSA does not include assistance approved before the beginning of a hearing. (2) GSA does not begin a deferral until the recipient receives notice of an opportunity for a hearing under §101–8.721. GSA does not continue a deferral for more than 60 calendar days unless a hearing begins within that time or the time for beginning the hearing is extended by mutual consent of the recipient and the Administrator. GSA does not continue a deferral for more than 30 calendar days after the close of the hearing, unless the hearing results in a finding against the recipient. (3) GSA limits any deferral to the particular recipient and program or activity or part of such program or activity GSA finds in violation of these regulations. GSA does not base any part of a deferral on a finding with respect to any program or activity of the recipient which does not, and would not, receive Federal financial assistance from GSA. (a) Opportunity for hearing. Whenever an opportunity for a hearing is required, reasonable notice shall be given by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the affected applicant or recipient. This notice shall advise the applicant or recipient of the action proposed to be taken, the specific provision under which the proposed action against it is to be taken, and the matters of fact or law asserted as the basis for this action; and either fix a date not less than 20 days after the date of such notice within which the applicant or recipient may request of the responsible GSA official that the matter be scheduled for hearing or advise the applicant or recipient that the matter in question has been set down for hearing at a stated place and time. The time and place so fixed shall be reasonable and shall be subject to change for cause. The complainant, if any, shall be advised of the time and place of the hearing. An applicant or recipient may waive a hearing and submit written information and argument for the record. The failure of an applicant or recipient to request a hearing for which a data has been set shall be deemed to be a waiver of the right to a hearing under section 602 of the Act, and consent to the making of a decision on the basis of such information as may be filed as the record. (b) Time and place of hearing. Hearings shall be held at GSA in Washington, D.C., at a time fixed by the Director, Office of Civil Rights (OCR), unless he or she determines that the convenience of the applicant or recipient or of GSA requires that another place be selected. Hearings shall be held before a hearing examiner designated in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 3105 and 3344 (section 11 of the Administrative Procedure Act). (c) Right to counsel. In all proceedings under this section, the applicant or recipient and GSA shall have the right to be represented by counsel. (d) Procedures, evidence, and record. (1) The hearing, decision, and any administrative review thereof shall be conducted in conformity with sections 5–8 of the Administrative Procedure Act, and in accordance with such rules of procedure as are proper (and not inconsistent with this section) relating to the conduct of the hearing, giving of notices subsequent to those provided for in paragraph (a) of this section, taking of testimony, exhibits, arguments and briefs, requests for findings, and other related matters. Both GSA and the applicant or recipient shall be entitled to introduce all relevent evidence on the issues as stated in the notice for hearing or as determined by the Officer conducting the hearing at the outset of or during the hearings. Any person (other than a Government employee considered to be on official business) who, having been invited or requested to appear and testify as a witness on the Government's behalf, attends at a time and place scheduled for a hearing provided for by this part, may be reimbursed for his travel and actual expenses of attendance in an amount not to exceed the amount payable under the standardized travel regulations to a Government employee traveling on official business. (2) Technical rules of evidence shall not apply to hearings conducted pursuant to this part, but rules or principles designed to assure production of the most credible evidence available and to subject testimony to test by cross-examination shall be applied where reasonably necessary by the officer conducting the hearing. The hearing officer may exclude irrelevant, immaterial, or unduly repetitious evidence. All documents and other evidence offered or taken for the record shall be open to examination by the parties and opportunity shall be given to refute facts and arguments advances on either side of the issues. A transcript shall be made of the oral evidence except to the extent the substance thereof is stipulated for the record. All decisions shall be based upon the hearing record and written findings shall be made. (e) Consolidated of Joint Hearings. In cases in which the same or related facts are asserted to constitute non-compliance with this regulation with respect to two or more Federal statutes, authorities, or other means by which Federal financial assistance is extended and to which this part applies, or noncompliance with this part, and the regulations of one or more other Federal departments or agencies issued under title VI of the Act, the responsible GSA official may, by agreement with such other departments or agencies where applicable, provide for the conduct of consolidated or joint hearings, and for the application to such hearings of rules of procedures not inconsistent with this part. Final decisions in such cases, insofar as this regulation is concerned, shall be made in accordance with §101–8.722. (a) Decisions by hearing examiners. After a hearing is held by a hearing examiner such hearing examiner shall either make an initial decision, if so authorized, or certify the entire record including his recommended findings and proposed decision to the Agency designated reviewing authority for final decision. A copy of such initial decision or certification shall be mailed to the applicant or recipient and to the complainant, if any. Where the initial decision referred to in this paragraph or in paragraph (c) of this section is made by the hearing examiner, the applicant or recipient or the counsel for GSA may, within the period provided for in the rules of procedure issued by GSA official, file with the reviewing authority exceptions to the initial decision, with his or her reasons therefore. Upon the filing of such exceptions the reviewing authority shall review the initial decision and issue a decision including the reasons therefor. In the absence of exceptions the initial decision shall constitute the final decision, subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of this section. (b) Decisions on record or review by the reviewing authority. Whenever a record is certified to the reviewing authority for decision or it reviews the decision of a hearing examiner pursuant to paragraph (a) or (c) of this section, the applicant or recipient shall be given reasonable opportunity to file with it briefs or other written statements of its contentions, and a copy of the final decision of the reviewing authority shall be given in writing to the applicant or recipient and to the complainant, if any. (c) Decisions on record where a hearing is waived. Whenever a hearing is waived pursuant to §101–8.721(a) the reviewing authority shall make its final decision on the record or refer the matter to a hearing examiner for an initial decision to be made on the record. A copy of such decision shall be given in writing to the applicant or recipient, and to the complainant, if any. (d) Rulings required. Each decision of a hearing examiner or reviewing authority shall set forth a ruling on each findings, conclusion, or exception presented, and shall identify the requirement or requirements imposed by or pursuant to this part with which it is found that the applicant or recipient has failed to comply. (e) Review in certain cases by the Administrator. If the Administrator has not personally made the final decision referred to in paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this section, a recipient or applicant or the counsel for GSA may request the Administrator to review a decision of the Reviewing Authority in accordance with rules of procedure issued by the responsible GSA official. Such review is not a matter of right and shall be granted only where the Administrator determines there are special and important reasons therefor. The Administrator may grant or deny such request, in whole or in part. He or she may also review such a decision in accordance with rules of procedure issued by the responsible GSA official. In the absence of a review under this paragraph, a final decision referred to in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) of this section shall become the final decision of GSA when the Administrator transmits it as such to Congressional committees with the report required under section 602 of the Act. Failure of an applicant or recipient to file an exception with the Reviewing Authority or to request review under this paragraph shall not be deemed a failure to exhaust administrative remedies for the purpose of obtaining judicial review. (f) Content of orders. The final decision may provide for suspension or termination of, or refusal to grant or continue Federal financial assistance, in whole or in part, to which this regulation applies, and may contain such terms, conditions and other provisions as are consistent with and will effectuate the purposes of the Act and this regulation, including provisions designed to assure that no Federal financial assistance to which this regulation applies will thereafter be extended under such law or laws to the applicant or recipient determined by such decision to be in default in its performance of an assurance given by it pursuant to this regulation, or to have otherwise failed to comply with this regulation unless and until it corrects its noncompliance and satisfies the responsible GSA official that it will fully comply with this regulation. (g) Post-termination proceedings. (1) An applicant or recipient adversely affected by an order issued under paragraph (f) of this section shall be restored to full eligibility to receive Federal financial assistance if it satisfies the terms and conditions of that order for such eligibility or if it brings itself into compliance with this part and provides reasonable assurance that is will fully comply with this part. (2) Any applicant or recipient adversely affected by an order entered pursuant to paragraph (f) of this section may at any time request the responsible GSA official to restore fully its eligibility to receive Federal financial assistance. Any such request shall be supported by information showing that the applicant or recipient has met the requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this section. If the responsible GSA official determines that those requirements have been satisfied, he or she shall restore such eligibility. (3) If the responsible GSA official denies any such request, the applicant or recipient may submit a request for a hearing in writing, specifying why it believes such official to have been in error. It shall thereupon be given an expeditious hearing, with a decision on the record, in accordance with rules of procedure issued by the responsible GSA official. The applicant or recipient will be restored to such eligibility if it proves at such hearing that it satisfied the requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this section. While proceedings under this paragraph are pending, the sanctions imposed by the order issued under paragraph (f) of this section shall remain in effect. If GSA finds a recipient discriminated on the basis of age, the recipient must take any remedial action that GSA may require to overcome the effects of the discrimination. If another recipient exercises control over the recipient that discriminated, GSA may require both recipients to take remedial action. (a) A complainant may file a civil action following the exhaustion of administrative remedies under the Act. Administrative remedies are exhausted if: (1) 180 calendar days elapse after the complainant files the complaint and GSA makes no finding with regard to the complaint; or (2) GSA Issues a finding in favor of the recipient. (b) If GSA fails to make a finding within 180 days or issues a finding in favor of the recipient, GSA must: (1) Promptly advise the complainant of this fact; (2) Advise the complainant of his or her right to bring civil action for injunctive relief; and (3) Inform the complainant: (i) That the complainant may bring civil action only in a United States district court for the district in which the recipient is located or transacts business; (ii) That a complainant prevailing in a civil action has the right to be awarded the costs of the action, including reasonable attorney's fees, but that the complainant must demand these costs in the complaint; (iii) That before commencing the action the complainant must give 30 calendar days notice by registered mail to the Secretary, HHS, The Administrator, the Attorney General of the United States, and the recipient; (iv) That the notice must state the alleged violation of the Act, the relief requested, the court in which the complainant is bringing the action, and whether or not attorney's fees are demanded in the event the complainant prevails; and (v) That the complainant may not bring an action if the same alleged violation of the Act by the same recipient is the subject of a pending action in any court of the United States. If GSA withholds Federal financial assistance from a recipient under this regulation, the Administrator may disburse the assistance to an alternate recipient; any public or nonprofit private organization; or agency or State or political subdivision of the State. The Administrator requires any alternate recipient to demonstrate: (a) The ability to comply with this regulation; and (b) The ability to achieve the goals of the Federal Statutes authorizing the Federal financial assistance.
Title 41: Public Contracts and Property Management
PART 101–8—NONDISCRIMINATION IN PROGRAMS RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Section Contents
§ 101-8.300 Purpose and applicability.
§ 101-8.301 Definitions.
§ 101-8.302 General prohibitions.
§ 101-8.303 Specific prohibitions.
§ 101-8.304 Effect of State or local law or other requirements and effect of employment opportunities.
§ 101-8.305 Employment practices prohibited.
§ 101-8.306 Reasonable accommodation.
§ 101-8.307 Employment criteria.
§ 101-8.308 Preemployment inquiries.
§ 101-8.309 Accessibility.
§ 101-8.310 New construction.
§ 101-8.311 Historic Preservation Programs.
§ 101-8.312 Procedures.
§ 101-8.313 Self-evaluation.
§ 101-8.700 Purpose of the Age Discrimination Act of 1975.
§ 101-8.701 Scope of General Services Administration's age discrimination regulation.
§ 101-8.702 Applicability.
§ 101-8.703 Definitions of terms.
§ 101-8.704 Rules against age discrimination.
§ 101-8.705 Definition of normal operation and statutory objective.
§ 101-8.706 Exceptions to the rules against age discrimination.
§ 101-8.706-1 Normal operation or statutory objective of any program or activity.
§ 101-8.706-2 Reasonable factors other than age.
§ 101-8.707 Burden of proof.
§ 101-8.708 Affirmative action by recipient.
§ 101-8.709 Special benefits for children and the elderly.
§ 101-8.710 Age distinctions contained in General Services Administration regulation.
§ 101-8.711 General responsibilities.
§ 101-8.712 Notice to subrecipients and beneficiaries.
§ 101-8.713 Assurance of compliance and recipient assessment of age distinctions.
§ 101-8.714 Information requirements.
§ 101-8.715 Compliance reviews.
§ 101-8.716 Complaints.
§ 101-8.717 Mediation.
§ 101-8.718 Investigation.
§ 101-8.719 Prohibition against intimidation or retaliation.
§ 101-8.720 Compliance procedure.
§ 101-8.721 Hearings.
§ 101-8.722 Decisions and notices.
§ 101-8.723 Remedial action by recipient.
§ 101-8.724 Exhaustion of administrative remedies.
§ 101-8.725 Alternate funds disbursal.
Subparts 101–8.1—101–8.2 [Reserved]
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Subpart 101–8.3—Discrimination Prohibited on the Basis of Handicap
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§ 101-8.300 Purpose and applicability.
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§ 101-8.301 Definitions.
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§ 101-8.302 General prohibitions.
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§ 101-8.303 Specific prohibitions.
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§ 101-8.304 Effect of State or local law or other requirements and effect of employment opportunities.
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§ 101-8.305 Employment practices prohibited.
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§ 101-8.306 Reasonable accommodation.
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§ 101-8.307 Employment criteria.
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§ 101-8.308 Preemployment inquiries.
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§ 101-8.309 Accessibility.
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§ 101-8.310 New construction.
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§ 101-8.311 Historic Preservation Programs.
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§ 101-8.312 Procedures.
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§ 101-8.313 Self-evaluation.
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Subparts 101–8.4—101–8.6 [Reserved]
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Subpart 101–8.7—Discrimination Prohibited on the Basis of Age
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§ 101-8.700 Purpose of the Age Discrimination Act of 1975.
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§ 101-8.701 Scope of General Services Administration's age discrimination regulation.
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§ 101-8.702 Applicability.
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§ 101-8.703 Definitions of terms.
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§ 101-8.704 Rules against age discrimination.
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§ 101-8.705 Definition of normal operation and statutory objective.
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§ 101-8.706 Exceptions to the rules against age discrimination.
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§ 101-8.706-1 Normal operation or statutory objective of any program or activity.
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§ 101-8.706-2 Reasonable factors other than age.
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§ 101-8.707 Burden of proof.
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§ 101-8.708 Affirmative action by recipient.
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§ 101-8.709 Special benefits for children and the elderly.
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§ 101-8.710 Age distinctions contained in General Services Administration regulation.
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§ 101-8.711 General responsibilities.
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§ 101-8.712 Notice to subrecipients and beneficiaries.
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§ 101-8.713 Assurance of compliance and recipient assessment of age distinctions.
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§ 101-8.714 Information requirements.
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§ 101-8.715 Compliance reviews.
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§ 101-8.716 Complaints.
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§ 101-8.717 Mediation.
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§ 101-8.718 Investigation.
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§ 101-8.719 Prohibition against intimidation or retaliation.
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§ 101-8.720 Compliance procedure.
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§ 101-8.721 Hearings.
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§ 101-8.722 Decisions and notices.
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§ 101-8.723 Remedial action by recipient.
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§ 101-8.724 Exhaustion of administrative remedies.
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§ 101-8.725 Alternate funds disbursal.
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