§ 2451. — Congressional statement of purpose.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 22USC2451]
TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
CHAPTER 33--MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAM
Sec. 2451. Congressional statement of purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to enable the Government of the
United States to increase mutual understanding between the people of the
United States and the people of other countries by means of educational
and cultural exchange; to strengthen the ties which unite us with other
nations by demonstrating the educational and cultural interests,
developments, and achievements of the people of the United States and
other nations, and the contributions being made toward a peaceful and
more fruitful life for people throughout the world; to promote
international cooperation for educational and cultural advancement; and
thus to assist in the development of friendly, sympathetic, and peaceful
relations between the United States and the other countries of the
world.
(Pub. L. 87-256, Sec. 101, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 527.)
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original ``this Act'',
meaning Pub. L. 87-256, Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 527, as amended, known
as the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961. For
complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note
set out below and Tables.
Short Title
Section 1 of Pub. L. 87-256 provided: ``That this Act [enacting this
chapter, amending sections 1101, 1182 and 1258 of Title 8, Aliens and
Nationality, sections 117, 871, 872, 1441, 3121, 3306, 3401 and 3402 of
Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and section 410 of Title 42, The Public
Health and Welfare, repealing sections 1431(2), 1434, 1439, 1440, 1446,
1448, 1466 to 1468 and 1991 to 2001 of this title, sections 222 to 224
of Title 20, Education, and section 1641(b)(2) of Title 50, Appendix,
War and National Defense, and enacting provisions set out as notes under
this section and under sections 117, 1441, 3121 and 3401 of Title 26]
may be cited as the `Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of
1961'.''
Transfer of Functions
Functions vested in President, Secretary of State, Department of
State, United States Information Agency or Director thereof under this
chapter transferred to Director of International Communication Agency by
Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1977, Sec. 7(a)(2), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637,
set out under section 1461 of this title, effective on or before July 1,
1978, at such time as specified by President, except (A) for such
functions as are vested by sections 2452(b)(6), (10), 2454(a), (e)(1),
(2), (f), (g), 2455(a), (b), (c), 2456(a) and 2458 of this title, (B)
for such functions as are vested by sections 2454(b), 2455(d)(2), (f),
and 2456(d), (f) of this title, to extent that such functions were
assigned to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare [now Secretary
of Education] immediately prior to effective date of Reorg. Plan No. 2
of 1977, and (C) for such functions as are vested by section 2456(b),
(c) of this title to extent that any such function therein is vested in
President or Secretary of State. International Communication Agency, and
Director thereof, redesignated United States Information Agency, and
Director thereof, by section 303 of Pub. L. 97-241, title III, Aug. 24,
1982, 96 Stat. 291, set out as a note under section 1461 of this title.
United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of
Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions
transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this
title. References to United States Information Agency or International
Communication Agency deemed to refer to Department of State, see section
6551 of this title.
Advisory Committee on Cultural Diplomacy
Pub. L. 107-228, div. A, title II, Sec. 224, Sept. 30, 2002, 116
Stat. 1368, provided that:
``(a) Establishment.--There is established an Advisory Committee on
Cultural Diplomacy (in this section referred to as the `Advisory
Committee'), which shall be composed of nine members, as follows:
``(1) The Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy, who
shall serve as Chair.
``(2) The Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and
Cultural Affairs.
``(3) Seven members appointed pursuant to subsection (c).
``(b) Duties.--The Advisory Committee shall advise the Secretary on
programs and policies to advance the use of cultural diplomacy in United
States foreign policy. The Advisory Committee shall, in particular,
provide advice to the Secretary on--
``(1) increasing the presentation abroad of the finest of the
creative, visual, and performing arts of the United States; and
``(2) strategies for increasing public-private partnerships to
sponsor cultural exchange programs that promote the national
interests of the United States.
``(c) Appointments.--The members of the Advisory Committee shall be
appointed by the Secretary, not more than four of whom shall be from the
same political party, from among distinguished Americans with a
demonstrated record of achievement in the creative, visual, and
performing arts, or international affairs. No officer or employee of the
United States shall be appointed to the Advisory Committee.
``(d) Vacancies.--A vacancy in the membership of the Advisory
Committee shall be filled in the same manner as provided under this
subsection to make the original appointment.
``(e) Meetings.--A majority of the members of the Advisory Committee
shall constitute a quorum. The Advisory Committee shall meet at least
twice each year or as frequently as may be necessary to carry out its
duties.
``(f) Administrative Support.--The Secretary is authorized to
provide the Advisory Committee with necessary administrative support
from among the staff of the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs
of the Department.
``(g) Compensation.--Members of the Advisory Committee shall be
allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at
rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter
57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes or
regular places of business in the performance of services of the
Advisory Committee.
``(h) Exemption From Federal Advisory Committee Act.--The Federal
Advisory Committee Act [5 App. U.S.C.] shall not apply to the Advisory
Committee to the extent that the provisions of this section are
inconsistent with that Act.
``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Department such sums as may be necessary to carry
out this section.
``(j) Termination.--The Advisory Committee shall terminate September
30, 2005.''
[For definitions of ``Secretary'' and ``Department'' as used in
section 224 of Pub. L. 107-228, set out above, see section 3 of Pub. L.
107-228, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.]
Continuation of Certain Executive Orders, Agreements, Determinations,
Regulations, Contracts, Appointments, and Other Actions
Section 111(b) of Pub. L. 87-256 provided that: ``All Executive
orders, agreements, determinations, regulations, contracts,
appointments, and other actions issued, concluded, or taken under
authority of any provisions of law repealed by subsection (a) of this
section [repealing sections 1431(2), 1434, 1439, 1440, 1446, 1448, 1466
to 1468, and 1991 to 2001 of this title, sections 222 to 224 of Title
20, Education, and section 1641(b)(2) of Title 50, Appendix, War and
National Defense] shall continue in full force and effect, and shall be
applicable to the appropriate provisions of this Act [this chapter]
until modified or superseded by appropriate authority.''
References in Other Laws to Repealed Provisions
Section 111(c) of Pub. L. 87-256 provided that: ``Any reference in
any other Act to the provisions of law listed in subsection (a)
[repealing sections 1431(2), 1434, 1439, 1440, 1446, 1448, 1466 to 1468,
and 1991 to 2001 of this title, sections 222 to 224 of Title 20,
Education, and section 1641(b)(2) of Title 50, Appendix, War and
National Defense] shall hereafter be considered to be references to the
appropriate provisions of this Act [this chapter].''
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in section 2458a of this title.
