§ 2656d. — Responsibilities of Secretary of State.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 22USC2656d]
TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
CHAPTER 38--DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Sec. 2656d. Responsibilities of Secretary of State
(a) Coordination and oversight over science and technology agreements
between United States and foreign countries, etc.
(1) In order to implement the policies set forth in section 2656b of
this title, the Secretary of State (hereafter in this section referred
to as the ``Secretary'') shall have primary responsibility for
coordination and oversight with respect to all major science or science
and technology agreements and activities between the United States and
foreign countries, international organizations, or commissions of which
the United States and one or more foreign countries are members.
(2) In coordinating and overseeing such agreements and activities,
the Secretary shall consider (A) scientific merit; (B) equity of access
as described in section 2656c(b) of this title; (C) possible commercial
or trade linkages with the United States which may flow from the
agreement or activity; (D) national security concerns; and (E) any other
factors deemed appropriate.
(3) Prior to entering into negotiations on such an agreement or
activity, the Secretary shall provide Federal agencies which have
primary responsibility for, or substantial interest in, the subject
matter of the agreement or activity, including those agencies
responsible for--
(A) Federal technology management policies set forth by Public
Law 96-517 and the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
1980 [15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.];
(B) national security policies;
(C) United States trade policies; and
(D) relevant Executive orders,
with an opportunity to review the proposed agreement or activity to
ensure its consistency with such policies and Executive orders, and to
ensure effective interagency coordination.
(b) Long-term contracts, grants, to obtain studies, etc., with respect
to application of science and technology to foreign policy
The Secretary shall, to such extent or in such amounts as are
provided in appropriation Acts, enter into long-term contracts,
including contracts for the services of consultants, and shall make
grants and take other appropriate measures in order to obtain studies,
analyses, and recommendations from knowledgeable persons and
organizations with respect to the application of science or technology
to problems of foreign policy.
(c) Long-term and short-term contracts, grants, to train officers and
employees in application of science and technology to problems
of foreign policy
The Secretary shall, to such extent or in such amounts as are
provided in appropriation Acts, enter into short-term and long-term
contracts, including contracts for the services of consultants, and
shall make grants and take other appropriate measures in order to obtain
assistance from knowledgeable persons and organizations in training
officers and employees of the United States Government, at all levels of
the Foreign Service and Civil Service--
(1) in the application of science and technology to problems of
United States foreign policy and international relations generally;
and
(2) in the skills of long-range planning and analysis with
respect to the scientific and technological aspects of United States
foreign policy.
(d) Detached service for graduate studies
In obtaining assistance pursuant to subsection (c) of this section
in training personnel who are officers or employees of the Department of
State, the Secretary may provide for detached service for graduate study
at accredited colleges and universities.
(Pub. L. 95-426, title V, Sec. 504, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 983; Pub. L.
97-241, title V, Sec. 505(a)(2), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 299; Pub. L.
100-418, title V, Sec. 5171(d), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1453.)
References in Text
Public Law 96-517, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 96-
517, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 3015, which enacted sections 200 to 211 and
301 to 307 of Title 35, Patents, amended section 1113 of Title 15,
Commerce and Trade, sections 101 and 117 of Title 17, Copyrights,
sections 41, 42, and 154 of Title 35, and sections 2186, 2457, and 5908
of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacted provisions set
out as notes under sections 13 and 41 of Title 35. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1980
Amendment note set out under section 41 of Title 35 and Tables.
The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, referred to
in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is Pub. L. 96-480, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2311,
as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 63 (Sec. 3701 et
seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of
this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of
Title 15 and Tables.
Amendments
1988--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100-418 amended subsec. (a) generally.
Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: ``In order to implement
the policy set forth in section 2656b of this title, the Secretary of
State (hereafter in this section referred to as the `Secretary') shall
have primary responsibility for coordination and oversight with respect
to all major science or science and technology agreements and activities
between the United States and foreign countries, international
organizations, or commissions of which the United States and one or more
foreign countries are members.''
1982--Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97-241 struck out subsec. (e) which
provided that not later than Jan. 20, 1979, the Secretary transmit to
the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on International
Relations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on
Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, a
report on the implementation of his responsibilities under this title,
which report was to include an assessment of the personnel required in
order to carry out such responsibilities, existing and planned programs
for research and analysis to support long-range planning for the
application of science and technology to foreign policy, existing and
planned programs for training officers and employees of the United
States Government pursuant to subsec. (c) of this section, and existing
and planned programs to enter into long-term contracts with academic and
other organizations for assistance in training and in obtaining studies,
analyses, and recommendations with respect to the application of science
or technology to problems of foreign policy.
Multilateral Agreement Governing Use of Nuclear-Powered Satellites
Section 608 of Pub. L. 95-426, as amended by Pub. L. 97-241, title
V, Sec. 505(a)(2), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 299, provided that:
``(a) The Congress finds that--
``(1) no international regime governs the use of nuclear-powered
satellites in space;
``(2) the unregulated use of such technology poses the
possibility of catastrophic damage to human life and the global
environment; and
``(3) this danger has been evidenced by mishaps encountered,
despite certain precautions, by nuclear-powered satellites of both
the United States and the Soviet Union.
``(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the United
States should take the initiative immediately in seeking a multilateral
agreement governing the use of nuclear-powered satellites in space.
``(c) [Repealed. Pub. L. 97-241, title V, Sec. 505(a)(2), Aug. 24,
1982, 96 Stat. 299.]''
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in section 3503 of this title.
