§ 618. — Enforcement and penalties.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 22USC618]
TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
CHAPTER 11--FOREIGN AGENTS AND PROPAGANDA
SUBCHAPTER II--REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS
Sec. 618. Enforcement and penalties
(a) Violations; false statements and willful omissions
Any person who--
(1) willfully violates any provision of this subchapter or any
regulation thereunder, or
(2) in any registration statement or supplement thereto or in
any other document filed with or furnished to the Attorney General
under the provisions of this subchapter willfully makes a false
statement of a material fact or willfully omits any material fact
required to be stated therein or willfully omits a material fact or
a copy of a material document necessary to make the statements
therein and the copies of documents furnished therewith not
misleading, shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of
not more than $10,000 or by imprisonment for not more than five
years, or both, except that in the case of a violation of subsection
(b), (e), or (f) of section 614 of this title or of subsection (g)
or (h) of this section the punishment shall be a fine of not more
than $5,000 or imprisonment for not more than six months, or both.
(b) Proof of identity of foreign principal
In any proceeding under this subchapter in which it is charged that
a person is an agent of a foreign principal with respect to a foreign
principal outside of the United States, proof of the specific identity
of the foreign principal shall be permissible but not necessary.
(c) Removal
Any alien who shall be convicted of a violation of, or a conspiracy
to violate, any provision of this subchapter or any regulation
thereunder shall be subject to removal pursuant to chapter 4 of title II
of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1221 et seq.].
(d) Repealed. Pub. L. 104-65, Sec. 9(8)(B), Dec. 19, 1995, 109 Stat. 700
(e) Continuing offense
Failure to file any such registration statement or supplements
thereto as is required by either section 612(a) or section 612(b) of
this title shall be considered a continuing offense for as long as such
failure exists, notwithstanding any statute of limitation or other
statute to the contrary.
(f) Injunctive remedy; jurisdiction of district court
Whenever in the judgment of the Attorney General any person is
engaged in or about to engage in any acts which constitute or will
constitute a violation of any provision of this subchapter, or
regulations issued thereunder, or whenever any agent of a foreign
principal fails to comply with any of the provisions of this subchapter
or the regulations issued thereunder, or otherwise is in violation of
the subchapter, the Attorney General may make application to the
appropriate United States district court for an order enjoining such
acts or enjoining such person from continuing to act as an agent of such
foreign principal, or for an order requiring compliance with any
appropriate provision of the subchapter or regulation thereunder. The
district court shall have jurisdiction and authority to issue a
temporary or permanent injunction, restraining order or such other order
which it may deem proper.
(g) Deficient registration statement
If the Attorney General determines that a registration statement
does not comply with the requirements of this subchapter or the
regulations issued thereunder, he shall so notify the registrant in
writing, specifying in what respects the statement is deficient. It
shall be unlawful for any person to act as an agent of a foreign
principal at any time ten days or more after receipt of such
notification without filing an amended registration statement in full
compliance with the requirements of this subchapter and the regulations
issued thereunder.
(h) Contingent fee arrangement
It shall be unlawful for any agent of a foreign principal required
to register under this subchapter to be a party to any contract,
agreement, or understanding, either express or implied, with such
foreign principal pursuant to which the amount or payment of the
compensation, fee, or other remuneration of such agent is contingent in
whole or in part upon the success of any political activities carried on
by such agent.
(June 8, 1938, ch. 327, Sec. 8, as added Apr. 29, 1942, ch. 263, Sec. 1,
56 Stat. 257; amended Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 1024, title I, Sec. 20(b), 64
Stat. 1005; June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV, Sec. 402(d), 66 Stat. 276;
Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 849, Sec. 1, 70 Stat. 899; Pub. L. 89-486, Sec. 7,
July 4, 1966, 80 Stat. 248; Pub. L. 98-620, title IV, Sec. 402(26), Nov.
8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3359; Pub. L. 104-65, Sec. 9(8), Dec. 19, 1995, 109
Stat. 700; Pub. L. 104-208, div. C, title III, Sec. 308(e)(19), Sept.
30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-621.)
References in Text
The Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is
act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, 66 Stat. 163, as amended. Chapter 4 of title
II of the Act is classified generally to part IV (Sec. 1221 et seq.) of
subchapter II of chapter 12 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality. For
complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note
set out under section 1101 of Title 8 and Tables.
Prior Provisions
Provisions on this subject were contained in section 615 of this
title prior to general amendment of act June 8, 1938, by act Apr. 29,
1942.
Amendments
1996--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104-208 substituted ``removal pursuant to
chapter 4 of title II of the Immigration and Nationality Act'' for
``deportation in the manner provided by sections 1251 to 1253 of title
8''.
1995--Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104-65, Sec. 9(8)(A), struck out ``or
in any statement under section 614(a) of this title concerning the
distribution of political propaganda'' after ``or supplement thereto''.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104-65, Sec. 9(8)(B), struck out subsec. (d)
which read as follows: ``The United States Postal Service may declare to
be nonmailable any communication or expression falling within clause (2)
of section 611(j) of this title in the form of prints or in any other
form reasonably adapted to, or reasonably appearing to be intended for,
dissemination or circulation among two or more persons, which is offered
or caused to be offered for transmittal in the United States mails to
any person or persons in any other American republic by any agent of a
foreign principal, if the United States Postal Service is informed in
writing by the Secretary of State that the duly accredited diplomatic
representative of such American republic has made written representation
to the Department of State that the admission or circulation of such
communication or expression in such American republic is prohibited by
the laws thereof and has requested in writing that its transmittal
thereto be stopped.''
1984--Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 98-620 struck out provision that the
proceedings shall be made a preferred cause and expedited in every way.
1966--Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 89-486, Sec. 7(1), inserted exception
provision.
Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 89-486, Sec. 7(2), added subsecs. (f)
to (h).
1956--Act Aug. 1, 1956, amended credit to section by redesignating
section 20(b) of act Sept. 23, 1950, as section 20.
1952--Subsec. (c). Act June 27, 1952, substituted ``sections 1251 to
1253 of title 8'' for ``sections 155 and 156 of title 8''.
1950--Subsec. (e). Act Sept. 23, 1950, added subsec. (e).
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 104-208 effective, with certain transitional
provisions, on the first day of the first month beginning more than 180
days after Sept. 30, 1996, see section 309 of Pub. L. 104-208, set out
as a note under section 1101 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.
Effective Date of 1995 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 104-65 effective Jan. 1, 1996, except as
otherwise provided, see section 24 of Pub. L. 104-65, set out as an
Effective Date note under section 1601 of Title 2, The Congress.
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98-620 not applicable to cases pending on Nov.
8, 1984, see section 403 of Pub. L. 98-620, set out as an Effective Date
note under section 1657 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
Effective Date of 1966 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 89-486 effective ninety days after July 4,
1966, see section 9 of Pub. L. 89-486, set out as a note under section
611 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective on the sixtieth day after Apr. 29, 1942, except
that prior to such sixtieth day the Attorney General may make,
prescribe, amend, and rescind such rules, regulations, and forms as may
be necessary to carry out act Apr. 29, 1942, see section 3 of act Apr.
29, 1942, set out as an Effective Date of 1942 Amendment note under
section 611 of this title.
