§ 151. — Designation of bankruptcy courts.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 28USC151]
TITLE 28--JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
PART I--ORGANIZATION OF COURTS
CHAPTER 6--BANKRUPTCY JUDGES
Sec. 151. Designation of bankruptcy courts
In each judicial district, the bankruptcy judges in regular active
service shall constitute a unit of the district court to be known as the
bankruptcy court for that district. Each bankruptcy judge, as a judicial
officer of the district court, may exercise the authority conferred
under this chapter with respect to any action, suit, or proceeding and
may preside alone and hold a regular or special session of the court,
except as otherwise provided by law or by rule or order of the district
court.
(Added Pub. L. 98-353, title I, Sec. 104(a), July 10, 1984, 98 Stat.
336.)
Effective Date
Section 122 of title I of Pub. L. 98-353 provided that:
``(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, this title and
the amendments made by this title [enacting this chapter and sections
1408 to 1412 and 1452 of this title, amending sections 372, 634, 957,
1334, 1360, and 1930 of this title, sections 8331, 8334, 8336, 8339,
8341, and 8344 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and
section 105 of Title 11, Bankruptcy, enacting provisions set out as
notes preceding section 151 of this title and under sections 151 to 153,
634, and 1334 of this title and section 8331 of Title 5, amending
provisions set out as notes preceding sections 151 and 1471 of this
title and section 101 of Title 11, and repealing provisions set out as
notes preceding sections 151 and 1471 of this title] shall take effect
on the date of the enactment of this Act [July 10, 1984].
``(b) Section 1334(c)(2) of title 28, United States Code, and
section 1411(a) of title 28, United States Code, as added by this Act,
shall not apply with respect to cases under title 11 of the United
States Code that are pending on the date of enactment of this Act [July
10, 1984], or to proceedings arising in or related to such cases.
``(c) Sections 108(b) [enacting provisions set out as a note under
section 634 of this title], 113 [amending provisions set out as a note
preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy], and 121(e) [enacting
provisions set out as a note preceding section 151 of this title] shall
take effect on June 27, 1984.''
Short Title of 1984 Amendment
Section 1 of Pub. L. 98-353 provided: ``That this Act [enacting this
chapter and sections 1408 to 1412 and 1452 of this title and sections
557 to 559 and 1113 of Title 11, Bankruptcy, amending sections 44, 98,
131, 133, 371, 372, 634, 957, 1334, 1360, and 1930 of this title,
sections 8331, 8334, 8336, 8339, 8341, 8344, 8701, 8706, 8714a, and
8714b of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and sections
101 to 103, 105, 108, 109, 303, 321, 322, 326 to 330, 342, 343, 345,
346, 349, 350, 361 to 363, 365, 366, 501 to 503, 505 to 507, 509, 510,
521 to 525, 541 to 550, 552 to 555, 702 to 704, 707, 723 to 728, 741,
745, 752, 761, 763 to 766, 901 to 903, 921, 922, 927, 943, 945, 1102,
1103, 1105 to 1108, 1112, 1121, 1123 to 1127, 1129, 1141, 1142, 1144 to
1146, 1166, 1168 to 1171, 1173, 1301, 1302, 1304, 1307, 1322, 1324 to
1326, 1328, 1329, 15103, and 151302 of Title 11, enacting provisions set
out as notes preceding section 151 of this title and under sections 44,
133, 151 to 153, 371, 634, 1334, and 2075 of this title, sections 8331
and 8706 of Title 5, and preceding section 101 of Title 11 and under
sections 101, 365, and 1113 of Title 11, amending provisions set out as
notes preceding sections 151, 581, and 1471 of this title and section
101 of Title 11, repealing provisions set out as notes preceding
sections 151 and 1471 of this title, amending Rules 2002 and 3001 of the
Bankruptcy Rules, set out in the Appendix to this title, and amending
Official Bankruptcy Form No. 1 in the Appendix of Forms] may be cited as
the `Bankruptcy Amendments and Federal Judgeship Act of 1984'.''
Separability
Section 119 of Pub. L. 98-353 provided that: ``If any provision of
this Act [see Short Title of 1984 Amendment note above] or the
application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the
remainder of this Act, or the application of that provision to persons
or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, is not
affected thereby.''