§ 405. — Travel and transportation allowances: per diem while on duty outside the United States or in Hawaii or Alaska.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 37USC405]
TITLE 37--PAY AND ALLOWANCES OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES
CHAPTER 7--ALLOWANCES
Sec. 405. Travel and transportation allowances: per diem while
on duty outside the United States or in Hawaii or Alaska
(a) Per Diem Authorized.--Without regard to the monetary limitation
of this title, the Secretary concerned may pay a per diem to a member of
the uniformed services who is on duty outside of the United States or in
Hawaii or Alaska, whether or not the member is in a travel status. The
Secretary may pay the per diem in advance of the accrual of the per
diem.
(b) Determination of Per Diem.--In determining the per diem to be
paid under this section, the Secretary concerned shall consider all
elements of the cost of living to members of the uniformed services
under the Secretary's jurisdiction and their dependents, including the
cost of quarters, subsistence, and other necessary incidental expenses.
However, dependents may not be considered in determining the per diem
allowance for a member in a travel status.
(c) Treatment of Housing Cost and Allowance.--Housing cost and
allowance may be disregarded in prescribing a station cost of living
allowance under this section.
(Pub. L. 87-649, Sept. 7, 1962, 76 Stat. 473; Pub. L. 89-718, Sec. 57,
Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1123; Pub. L. 91-486, Oct. 22, 1970, 84 Stat.
1085; Pub. L. 96-107, title VIII, Sec. 807(a), Nov. 9, 1979, 93 Stat.
813; Pub. L. 98-525, title VI, Sec. 602(e), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat.
2536; Pub. L. 99-145, title XIII, Sec. 1303(b)(8), Nov. 8, 1985, 99
Stat. 741; Pub. L. 101-189, div. A, title VI, Sec. 622(a), Nov. 29,
1989, 103 Stat. 1446; Pub. L. 103-160, div. A, title VI, Sec. 622(a),
Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1683; Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title VI,
Sec. 603(c)(2), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1781; Pub. L. 105-261, div. A,
title VI, Sec. 603(b), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2037; Pub. L. 106-398,
Sec. 1 [[div. A], title VI, Sec. 641(b)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654,
1654A-160.)
Historical and Revision Notes
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Revised section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
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405................................... 37:253(b). Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681, Sec.
303(b), 63 Stat. 814.
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The words ``Secretaries concerned'' are substituted for the words
``Secretaries of the uniformed services'' to conform to other
subsections of the source statute. The words ``outside the United
States, or in Hawaii or Alaska'' are substituted for the words ``outside
the continental United States or in Alaska'' to conform to the
definition of United States in section 101(1) of this revised title and
to retain the coverage of the source statute.
Amendments
2000--Pub. L. 106-398 amended section generally. Prior to amendment,
section authorized payment of a per diem to members of the uniformed
services on duty outside of the United States or in Hawaii or Alaska and
specified what elements were to be considered in determining the per
diem allowance.
1998--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105-261 struck out subsec. (c) which
authorized the Secretary concerned to make a lump-sum payment for
nonrecurring expenses to certain members of the uniformed services
authorized to receive per diem allowances under subsec. (a).
1997--Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 105-85 redesignated subsecs. (c)
and (d) as (b) and (c), respectively, and struck out former subsec. (b)
which read as follows: ``A station housing allowance may be prescribed
under this section for a member who is on duty outside of the United
States without regard to costs other than housing costs and may consist
of the difference between basic allowance for quarters and applicable
housing cost. A station housing allowance may not be prescribed under
this section for a member who is on duty in Hawaii or Alaska. A station
housing allowance prescribed under this section may be paid in
advance.''
1993--Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103-160 amended subsec. (d) generally.
Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: ``In the case of a
member of the uniformed services authorized to receive a per diem
allowance under subsection (a), the Secretary concerned may make a lump-
sum payment for nonrecurring expenses incurred by the member in
occupying private housing outside of the United States. Expenses for
which payments are made under this subsection may not be considered for
purposes of determining the per diem allowance of the member under
subsection (a).''
1989--Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 101-189 added subsec. (d).
1985--Pub. L. 99-145 inserted ``the'' after ``outside'' in section
catchline.
1984--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98-525, Sec. 602(e)(1), designated first
two sentences of existing section as subsec. (a).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98-525, Sec. 602(e)(2), (3), designated third
and fourth sentences of existing section as subsec. (b), in such third
sentence as so designated inserted ``for a member who is on duty outside
of the United States'' after ``under this section'', and inserted after
such third sentence: ``A station housing allowance may not be prescribed
under this section for a member who is on duty in Hawaii or Alaska.''
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98-525, Sec. 602(e)(4), designated last
sentence of existing section as subsec. (c).
1979--Pub. L. 96-107 inserted provisions relating to advance payment
of station housing allowances.
1970--Pub. L. 91-486 inserted provision authorizing a station
housing allowance.
1966--Pub. L. 89-718 substituted ``the'' for ``a'' after
``including''.
Effective Date of 1997 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 105-85 effective Jan. 1, 1998, see section
603(e) of Pub. L. 105-85, set out as a note under section 5561 of Title
5, Government Organization and Employees.
Effective Date of 1993 Amendment
Section 622(b) of Pub. L. 103-160 provided that: ``The amendment
made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect
to nonrecurring expenses and currency fluctuation gains described in
section 405(d) [now 405(c)] of title 37, United States Code, that are
incurred by members of the uniformed services on or after October 1,
1993.''
Effective Date of 1989 Amendment
Section 622(b) of Pub. L. 101-189 provided that: ``The amendment
made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect
to expenses incurred after August 31, 1990.''
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98-525 effective Jan. 1, 1985, with exceptions,
see section 602(f) of Pub. L. 98-525, as amended, set out as a note
under section 403 of this title.
Effective Date of 1979 Amendment
Section 807(b) of Pub. L. 96-107 provided that: ``The amendment made
by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October
1, 1979.''
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 406, 411, 420, 1003 of this
title; title 2 section 906; title 5 section 4109; title 10 section 2013;
title 36 section 2101; title 42 section 1786.
