USA > US Constitution > Article I > Legislative Department
ARTICLE I
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
CONTENTS
- Section 1. Legislative Powers
- Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances
- Bicameralism
- Enumerated, Implied, Resulting, and Inherent Powers
- Delegation of Legislative Power
- The History of the Doctrine of Nondelegability
- The Nature and Scope of Permissible Delegations
- Delegations to the President in Areas of Shared Authority
- Delegations to States and to Private Entities
- Particular Subjects or Concerns—Closer Scrutiny or Uniform Standard?
- Crime and Punishment
- Delegation and Individual Liberties
- Congressional Investigations
- Section 2. The House of Representatives
- Section 3. The Senate
- Section 4. Elections
- Section 5. Powers and Duties of the Houses
- Section 6. Rights and Disabilities of Members
- Section 7. Bills and Resolutions
- Section 8. Powers of Congress
- Clause 1. Power to Tax and Spend
- Clause 2. Borrowing Power
- Clause 3. Commerce Power
- Power to Regulate Commerce
- Interstate versus Foreign Commerce
- Instruments of Commerce
- Congressional Regulation of Waterways
- Congressional Regulation of Land Transportation
- Congressional Regulation of Commerce as Traffic
- Congressional Regulation of Production and Industrial Relations: Antidepression Legislation
- Acts of Congress Prohibiting Commerce
- The Commerce Clause as a Source of National Police Power
- The Commerce Clause as a Restraint on State Powers
- State Taxation and Regulation: The Old Law
- State Taxation and Regulation: The Modern Law
- Foreign Commerce and State Powers
- Concurrent Federal and State Jurisdiction
- Commerce With Indian Tribes
- Clause 4. Naturalization and Bankruptcies
- Clauses 5 and 6. Money
- Clause 7. Post Office
- Clause 8. Copyrights and Patents
- Clause 9. Creation of Courts
- Clause 10. Maritime Crimes
- Clauses 11, 12, 13, and 14. War; Military Establishment
- Clauses 15 and 16. The Militia
- Clause 17. District of Columbia; Federal Property
- Clause 18. Necessary and Proper Clause
- Section 9. Powers Denied to Congress
- Section 10. Powers Denied to the States
- Clause 1. Making Treaties, Coining Money, Ex Post Facto Laws, Impairing Contracts
- Treaties, Alliances, or Confederations
- Bills of Credit
- Legal Tender
- Bills of Attainder
- Ex Post Facto Laws
- Scope of the Provision
- Denial of Future Privileges to Past Offenders
- Changes in Punishment
- Changes in Procedure
- Obligation of Contracts
- Law Defined
- Status of Judicial Decisions
- Obligation Defined
- Impair Defined
- Vested Rights Not Included
- Public Grants That Are Not Contracts
- Tax Exemptions: When Not Contracts
- Contracts Include Public Contracts and Corporate Charters
- Corporate Charters: Different Ways of Regarding
- Reservation of Right to Alter or Repeal Corporate Charters
- Corporation Subject to the Law and Police Power
- Strict Construction of Charters, Tax Exemptions
- Strict Construction and the Police Power
- Doctrine of Inalienability as Applied to Eminent Domain, Taxing, and Police Powers
- Private Contracts
- Remedy a Part of the Private Obligation
- Private Contracts and the Police Power
- Evaluation of the Clause Today
- Clause 2. Duties on Exports and Imports
- Clause 3. Tonnage Duties, Keeping Troops, Making Compacts, War