Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1907 > July 1907 Decisions > G.R. No. L-3488 August 10, 1907 - C.S. ROBINSON, ET AL. v. THE SHIP "ALTA", ET AL.

008 Phil 355:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

[G.R. No. L-3488. August 10, 1907. ]

C.S. ROBINSON ET AL., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. THE SHIP "ALTA" ET AL., Defendants-Appellants.

Smith & Hargis, for Appellants.

Coudert Brothers, for Appellees.

SYLLABUS


ADMIRALTY; SALVAGE CONTRACTS; REASONABLE VALUE. — Where a contract is entered into by competent persons, and is free from fraud or misrepresentation, whereby one of the parties thereto agrees., for a fixed price, to perform certain salvage services with respect to a vessel in distress, payable only in case of success, the contract will not be set aside so as to permit a recovery as for the reasonable value of such services, solely because the contractor afterwards finds that the price agreed upon is inadequate by reason of the increased cost of the work which was not foreseen when the contract was made.


D E C I S I O N


WILLARD, J. :


On the 26th day of September, 1905, the sailing vessel Alta was wrecked and stranded upon the coast of Cavite Province. The certain of the ship removed the cargo and after working ten or twelve days in attempts to float the ship made a contract, in writing, with the plaintiffs, which is as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"MANILA, November 1, 1905.

"Mr. CHARLES S. ROBINSON, Manila.

"DEAR SIR: Referring to your offer of 31st ultimo, re the raising of the ship Alta — viz, to put her into Cavite and in such condition that it will admit of her being sailed to Hongkong or other port, subject to being passed by Lloyds’ surveyor — for the sum of fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000), Philippine currency, I accept the same and shall esteem it a favor if you will commence the work with the least possible delay. Should you not be successful, it is distinctly understood that no money whatever is to be paid for any work done or appliances used.

"Yours, faithfully, (Sgd.) "W. THONAGEL.

"P.S. — It is understood that by ’other port’ is meant Singapore.

(Sgd.) "W. T."cralaw virtua1aw library

The plaintiffs went to work immediately upon the vessel, raised it, and towed it to Cavite on the 10th day of December, 1905. It was at once decided to put her into the dry dock or slip there for the purpose of examining her hull and ascertaining the extent of the damages. This could not be done until the 18th day of January, owing to other demands upon the dock company. On that day she was put upon the slip, was examined, and again taken off. The exact day on which she came off from the slip does not appear, but it probably was the 19th day of January. On the 20th day of January plaintiffs removed all of their machinery, tackle, and utensils from the ship and did no more work upon her.

The plaintiffs, on the 30th day of December, 1905, were paid by the defendants the sum of 3,000 pesos on account of the contract. They brought this action against the ship and her master on the 27th day of February, 1906, claiming to recover the reasonable worth and value of the services performed by them, which they fixed at 15,000 pesos. Judgment was rendered in the court below in their favor for 9,760 pesos and costs. From this judgment the defendants have appealed.

1. As said by the appellees, the plaintiffs, in their brief, the most important point in the case relates to the contract which the parties made. It is claimed by the plaintiffs that they are not bound by the terms of that contract and that they can recover for the service performed what they were reasonably worth, considering them as salvage services. Their contention, as stated in the brief, as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"A claim for salvage is barred only where there is a binding contract to pay for the work performed, whether successful or not; that is, where compensation is to be paid at all events, whether the property is lost or saved."cralaw virtua1aw library

The contract in this case, being contingent upon success, their claim is that they are not bound by it.

In effect they claim that where a contract, contingent upon success, is fairly made between the master of a ship and the salvors, with full knowledge on the part of all the parties as to the condition of the vessel, and the contract is performed by the salvors, they, if it turns out that the work is more expensive than they thought it would be at the time they made the contract, can repudiate it and recover what they would have been entitled to recover had no contract been made, and that, on the other hand, the owners of the ship, if it turns out that the work was less expensive than they thought it would be at the time the contract was made, can repudiate it and are bound to pay only what such services are reasonably worth. This claim can not be sustained.

In the case of The Elfrida (172 U.S., 186) the court said:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"But a single question is presented by the record in this case: Was the contract with the libellants of such a character, or made under such circumstances, as required the court to relieve The Elfrida against the payment of the stipulated compensation?

"We are all of opinion that this question must be answered in the negative. Salvage services are either (1) voluntarily, wherein the compensation is dependent upon success; (2) rendered under a contract for a per diem or per horam wage, payable at all events; or (3) under a contract for a compensation payable only in case of success.

"The first and most ancient class comprises cases of pure salvage. The second is the most common upon the Great Lakes. The third includes the one under consideration. Obviously where the stipulated compensation is dependent upon success, and particularly of success within a limited time, it may be very much larger than a mere quantum meruit. Indeed, such contracts will not be set aside unless corruptly entered into, or made under fraudulent representations, a clear mistake or suppression of important facts, in immediate danger to the ship, or under other circumstances amounting to compulsion, or when their enforcement would be contrary to equity and good conscience."cralaw virtua1aw library

The court, after a review of all the authorities upon the subject, held that the contract was binding, reversing the judgment of the court below.

It is true that in that case the persons seeking to repudiate the contract were the owners of the ship, while in this case they are the salvors. It is, however, a direct and controlling authority to the point that contracts will be enforced under certain circumstances although they are conditional upon success.

There are, moreover, numerous cases in which it has been held that the salvors are bound by contracts which they have made. In the case of The Silver Spray (1 Brown’s Admiralty, 349, s.c. 22 Fed. Cases, 141) the libellants had made a contract to raise certain boilers from the bottom of the St. Clair River, near Port Huron, and put them ashore for 100 dollars. It appeared that it costs them 1,825 dollars to do the work, and they brought this proceeding in admiralty to recover that sum. The court said:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"On the part of the respondent it is contended that the compensation must be limited to the contract price, and, on the part of the libellants the court is asked to disregard the contract and award them a sum as salvage somewhat commensurate to their expenditures. As the matter turned out, it was no doubt a hard bargain for the libellants. But I do not understand that a court of admiralty will set aside a contract for that cause alone, where it is free from all fraud, deception, mistakes, or circumstances of controlling necessity. McArthur had ample time for consideration, and there is no pretense of any fraud or deception on the part of Moore or his agent Reilly, or that McArthur did not know all about the situation, and the difficulties in the way of getting the boilers out, and there was no controlling necessity of duty or otherwise to undertake the job.

"The contract appears to have been entered into openly and fairly in all respects, and there is no principle or authority upon which the court can disregard it, or make a new contract for the parties. It must, therefore, be enforced as it stands. [See 2 Pars. Shipp & Adm., 307, notes 2-5; The True Blue, 2 W. Rob. Adm., 176, 180 (a case very much like the present except that in that case the expense was largely increased by a storm having come on, and yet the contract was enforced although the disparity was great); also The Henry, 2 Eng. Law & Eq., 564; The Phantom, L. R. 1 Adm. & Ecc., 59; The Salacia, 2 Hagg, Adm., 262; The A.D. Patchin (supra); The Whitaker (supra), a case very much like the present; Bearse v. 340 Pigs of Copper (Case No. 1193). ]

"McArthur was under no obligation to continue the work after the saw it must be a losing operation. His compensation was dependent upon success and he was at liberty to abandon the work at any time. Parties, after having entered into a deliberate and explicit agreement, must not be encouraged to make large expenditures beyond the contract price at the expense of the owners, by the courts, loosely or without the most cogent reasons, disregarding contracts thus entered into, and free from all circumstances of fraud, deception, mistake, or oppression existing at the time the contract was made. Parties must understand that contracts fairly entered into will be strictly enforced in admirality, as well as elsewhere."cralaw virtua1aw library

In the case of Bondies v. Sherwood (22 How., U.S., 214) the court said at page 215:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"In this agreement, the libellants covenant to proceed with the necessary boats, apparatus, etc., and to raise the steamboat at their own cost in fourteen days after their arrival at the place where it lay, provided they were not hindered by high water; when raised, the boat to be taken to Galveston. Bodies covenants to convey the boat to them, on their payment to him of 4,000 dollars, and also to subrogate them to all his claims against the cargo. But, in the meantime, until the covenants of libellants were performed, the legal possession of the boat and cargo was to be and remain in Bondies.

"The libel alleges that ’this agreement was mutually given up and abandoned.’ But this averment is not sustained by the evidence. On the contrary, it appears that the libellants proceeded under their contract to raise the vessel, but did not succeed till some time in July. The boat and merchandise being much injured in the operation and by the delay, it turned out that the costs and expenses would exceed the whole value of the boat and cargo when recovered. The bargain was therefore an unprofitable one, and the libellants concluded to repudiate it, and filed this libel for salvage.

"Without adverting to the numerous other facts developed in the history of this case, but which can not affect its merits, it is very plain that, assuming the services rendered by these mechanics to be in the nature of salvage services, and that a court of admiralty had jurisdiction to enforce the contract both against the owner and the boat as a maritime contract, yet the libellants, by their own showing, can not recover under the contract. And it is equally clear that they can not repudiate their contract, and libel the vessel for salvage. (See The Mulgrave, 2 Hagg. Adm., 269, and Abbot on Shipping, 706.)"

In the case of The Waverley (Law Reps., 3 Adm. & Ecc. Cases, 369), a contract was made by which the salvors agreed to take the disabled steamer, The Waverley, into Lisbon for 400 pounds sterling. It turned out that the work was much more difficult than had been thought and the salvors undertook to repudiate the contract and recover what the services were worth as salvage services. The decision of the court, as stated in the syllabus, was as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"Where an agreement fixing the amount of the remuneration to be paid for salvage services has been deliberately entered into, at the time of the commencement of the danger, between perfectly competent parties, the court will not allow the agreement to be set aside merely because the execution of it has turned out more difficult than was anticipated at the time of making the contract." (Dominy v. Anchors, Sails, etc., 1 Benedict, 77, s.c. Fed. Case No. 3977; Bounty v. Kerrin, Fed Case No. 1697 a; The Whitaker, Fed. Case No. 17525; Harley v. 467 Bars of Railroad Iron, 1 Sawyer 1, s.c. 11 Fed. Cases, 525.)

This contract must therefore be sustained unless it can be set aside for some one of the reasons stated in the authorities above cited.

It is claimed by the plaintiffs that Captain Thonagel deliberately made statements to Captain Robinson at the time of the contract, which statements Captain Thonagel knew to be false.

The only evidence on the part of the plaintiffs to sustain this claim which we have found is in the testimony of Robinson. He said that —

"The captain gave me to understand that there was a crack in her from 30 to 40 feet long; then I made the contract with him, and I told him if that is the case we will have her out of there quickly, but when I went to work at her I found it was 200 feet long from stem to stern and a very large hole in the stern fully 12 feet long and 2 feet wide."cralaw virtua1aw library

He said also that "she turned out to be forty times as much damaged as they reported to me."cralaw virtua1aw library

Thonagel testified that he made no representations to Robinson as to extent of her injuries; that he did not know that the crack spoken of by Robinson was more than 30 or 40 feet long, and did not find it out until the vessel was in the slip.

In the case of Harley v. 467 Bars of Railroad Iron, above cited, the court said:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"It is claimed by the salvors that their agreement was made under a misrepresentation of the facts, and that the service was more arduous and expensive than they had a right to anticipate. But it does not appear that any willful misrepresentation was made to them as to the position of the vessel. The precise depth of water in which she lay, and especially her position on the bottom in water 25 or 30 feet deep, were necessarily matters of conjecture, and the libellants, before entering into their contract, might have visited the wreck, ascertained its position, and estimated the chances and probable expense of the service.

It appears that Captain Robinson visited the wrecked vessel twice before he made his contract. The burden of proof is on the plaintiff to show that the contract was entered into by reason of fraudulent representations on the part of the defendant. We do not think that this has been established.

2. That part of the contract which required the plaintiffs to bring the ship to Cavite they performed, but that part of it which required them to put her in condition to be sailed to Hongkong they never performed. Notwithstanding the declaration of the plaintiff Robinson to the contrary, it is very apparent that the ship was at no time prior to the 20th day of January in a condition to be even towed to Hongkong or Singapore. It is claimed, however, by the plaintiffs, and it was so found by the court, that the defendants prevented the plaintiffs from fulfilling that part of their contract and that they are, therefore, entitled to recover in this action.

That the plaintiffs removed all of their machinery and utensils from the ship on or about the 20th day of January and never did anything more thereon thereafter is undisputed. The question is whether they did this voluntarily or were ordered to do it by Captain Thonagel.

The plaintiff Robinson at first testified that about this time the captain wrote him a letter, telling him to remove his pumps and boilers and all other machinery from the vessel. When on cross-examination he was shown the letter to which he referred, and from which it appeared that the only request therein was a request that Robinson return a certain pump belonging to the quartermaster, he then testified that Captain Thonagel told him verbally to remove his machinery. Thonagel denies that he ever gave any such orders and testifies that he was constantly insisting that Robinson proceed with his contract. Practically all of the evidence in the case upon this subject is the evidence of these two witnesses, and it is in direct conflict. After a careful examination of it, we are satisfied that the plaintiffs have not established, by a preponderance of the evidence, that any such orders were given by Thonagel and that, on the contrary, the evidence preponderates against their contention. The finding of the court below, therefore, to the effect that the defendant prevented the plaintiffs from fulfilling their contract, can not be sustained.

There is considerable testimony in the case relating to a difficulty between the first officer of the ship and the plaintiff Robinson. Evidence that while the ship was ashore on the Cavite coast, the first officer, when drunk, discharged a revolver at the plaintiff Robinson was stricken out, but it seems to be assumed by the parties that such was the fact. When Captain Thonagel heard of this, and while the ship was still upon the Cavite coast, he took the first officer off and placed him in the Sailors’ Home. Later, and while the ship was lying in Cavite harbor waiting to go into the dock, Thonagel employed him temporarily for ten days to do some work upon the sails of the ship, and on the 26th day of February, after the plaintiffs abandoned the ship, he was employed permanently again as first officer. During this ten days Robinson was on the ship several times and was not interfered with in any way by the first officer. This temporary employment did not, under the circumstances, justify the plaintiffs in abandoning their contract.

The delay from the 10th day of December to the 18th day of January furnished no jurisdiction for the abandonment of the contract. That this was consented to by the plaintiffs very clearly appears from the evidence of Robinson himself.

3. The view which we have taken of the evidence leads necessarily to a reversal of the judgment of the court below. Judging by the contract which was afterwards made between the owners of the ship and a dock company of HongKong, it would have cost the plaintiffs 22,000 pesos to do what they had agreed in the contract to do for 15,000 pesos. The case may be hard one for the plaintiffs but we can not affirm this judgment without holding that when parties have voluntarily entered into a contract they can disregard it if it turns out to be unprofitable to them, and can recover as if no contract had been made.

4. The defendants in the court below made objection by demurrer to the procedure followed in this case — an objection founded, apparently, upon the case of Health v. The San Nicolas, 7 Phil. Rep., 532 — but nothing is said in the brief in this court, either in the assignment of errors or elsewhere, concerning this point.

They also in the court below presented a counterclaim asking the recovery of 12,000 pesos against the plaintiffs. There is no assignment of error in their brief touching this point and no discussion of it therein. The only reference thereto is in the last two lines of their brief where they ask that the plaintiff be ordered to pay the expenses which they incurred. Under these circumstances, this point can not be considered.

The judgment of the court below is reversed and judgment is ordered in favor of the defendants and against the plaintiffs, absolving the defendants from the complaint, with the costs of the first instance. No costs will be allowed to either party in this court. So ordered.

Arellano, C.J., Torres, Johnson, and Tracey, JJ., concur.




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  • G.R. No. L-3396 September 2, 1907 - STRUCKMANN & CO. v. UNITED STATES

    008 Phil 483

  • G.R. No. L-2538 September 4, 1907 - MARIANO PAMINTUAN, ET AL. v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT

    008 Phil 485

  • G.R. No. L-3648 September 5, 1907 - LUTZ & CO. v. COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS

    008 Phil 492

  • G.R. No. L-3667 September 5, 1907 - NATALIA FABIAN, ET AL. v. SMITH, BELL & CO.

    008 Phil 496

  • G.R. No. L-3326 September 7, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. LAURENTE REY

    008 Phil 500

  • G.R. No. L-3482 September 7, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BARTOLOME GRAY

    008 Phil 506

  • G.R. No. L-3489 September 7, 1907 - VICENTE NAVALES v. EULOGIA RIAS, ET AL.

    008 Phil 508

  • G.R. No. L-2526 September 10, 1907 - PEDRO PAMINTUAN, ET AL. v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT, ET AL.

    008 Phil 512

  • G.R. No. L-3301 September 10, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. EMIGDIO NOBLEZA

    008 Phil 515

  • G.R. No. L-3616 September 10, 1907 - CIRILO PURUGANAN v. TEODORO MARTIN, ET AL.

    008 Phil 519

  • G.R. No. L-3221 September 11, 1907 - ATLANTIC, GULF & CO. v. UNITED STATES

    008 Phil 524

  • G.R. No. L-3708 September 12, 1907 - ELVIRA FRESSELL v. MARCIANA AGUSTIN

    008 Phil 529

  • G.R. No. L-3383 September 13, 1907 - TAN LEONCO v. GO INQUI

    008 Phil 531

  • G.R. No. L-3546 September 13, 1907 - PIA DEL ROSARIO v. JUAN LUCENA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 535

  • G.R. No. L-3132 September 14, 1907 - MANUEL SOLER, ET AL. v. EMILIA ALZOUA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 539

  • G.R. No. L-3146 September 14, 1907 - NICOLAS CO-PITCO v. PEDRO YULO

    008 Phil 544

  • G.R. No. L-3534 September 14, 1907 - TO GUIOC-CO v. LORENZO DEL ROSARIO

    008 Phil 546

  • G.R. No. L-3395 September 16, 1907 - PEDRO ARENAL, ET AL. v. CHARLES F. BARNES, ET AL.

    008 Phil 551

  • G.R. No. L-3067 September 17, 1907 - RUBERT & GUAMIS v. LUENGO & MARTINEZ, ET AL.

    008 Phil 554

  • G.R. No. L-3434 September 18, 1907 - SAGASAG v. VICTORIA TORRIJOS

    008 Phil 561

  • G.R. No. L-3474 September 20, 1907 - RAFAEL ENRIQUEZ, ET AL. v. FRANCISCO ENRIQUEZ, ET AL.

    008 Phil 565

  • G.R. No. L-4244 September 20, 1907 - RAFAEL MOLINA v. ANTONIO DE LA RIVA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 569

  • G.R. No. L-3575 September 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. TRANQUILINO ALMADEN, ET AL.

    008 Phil 573

  • G.R. No. L-3672 September 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESTANISLAO EUSEBIO

    008 Phil 574

  • G.R. No. L-3675 September 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GREGORIO AMANTE, ET AL.

    008 Phil 577

  • G.R. No. 3527 September 23, 1907 - TAN TIOCO v. MARCELINA LOPEZ

    011 Phil 591

  • G.R. No. L-3726 September 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FERNANDO MONZONES, ET AL.

    008 Phil 579

  • G.R. No. L-3369 September 24, 1907 - JONAS BROOK BROS. v. FROELICH & KUTTNER

    008 Phil 580

  • G.R. No. L-3597 September 24, 1907 - MANUEL MESIA v. PLACIDO MAZO, ET AL.

    008 Phil 587

  • G.R. No. L-3615 September 24, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BRIGIDO CASIN

    008 Phil 589

  • G.R. No. L-3669 September 24, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DOMINGO BALTAZAR

    008 Phil 592

  • G.R. No. L-4138 September 24, 1907 - SY HONG ENG v. SY LIOC SUY

    008 Phil 594

  • G.R. No. L-3728 September 25, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ANASTASIO MAISA

    008 Phil 597

  • G.R. No. L-3207 September 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CATALINO GARCIA

    008 Phil 598

  • G.R. No. L-3373 September 26, 1907 - VICENTA JALBUENA v. GABRIEL LEDESMA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 601

  • G.R. No. L-3535 September 26, 1907 - RAFAEL ENRIQUEZ, ET AL. v. FRANCISCO ENRIQUEZ, ET AL.

    008 Phil 607

  • G.R. No. L-3645 September 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. EMETERIO DACANAY

    008 Phil 617

  • G.R. No. L-3439 September 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUAN MONTANER

    008 Phil 620

  • G.R. No. L-1516 September 28, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DOMINADOR GOMEZ

    008 Phil 630

  • G.R. No. L-2264 September 28, 1907 - P. JOSE EVANGELISTA v. P. ROMAN VER

    008 Phil 653

  • G.R. No. L-3629 September 28, 1907 - MATEA E. RODRIGUEZ v. SUSANA DE LA CRUZ, ET AL.

    008 Phil 665

  • G.R. No. L-3684 September 28, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. EMILIO NERI

    008 Phil 669

  • G.R. No. L-3767 September 28, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FLORENTINO LEYBA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 671

  • G.R. No. L-3497 September 30, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. L. V. SMITH, ET AL.

    008 Phil 674

  • G.R. No. L-3584 September 30, 1907 - ARTADI & CO. v. CHU BACO

    008 Phil 677

  • G.R. No. L-3727 September 30, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FLORENDO GADILA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 679

  • G.R. No. L-3543 October 1, 1907 - LA CAPELLANIA DEL CONVENTO DE TAMBOBONG v. GUILLERMO ANTONIO, ET AL.

    008 Phil 683

  • G.R. No. L-3587 October 2, 1907 - FRANCISCO ALDAMIS v. FAUSTINO LEUTERIO

    008 Phil 688

  • G.R. No. L-2827 October 3, 1907 - MARIA LOPEZ Y VILLANUEVA v. TAN TIOCO

    008 Phil 693

  • G.R. No. L-3409 October 3, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. REMIGIO BUSTAMANTE, ET AL.

    008 Phil 698

  • G.R. No. L-3515 October 3, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ANDERSON MACK

    008 Phil 701

  • G.R. No. L-3520 October 3, 1907 - HIJOS DE I. DE LA RAMA v. JOSE ROBLES, ET AL.

    008 Phil 712

  • G.R. No. L-3571 October 3, 1907 - VALENTIN LACUESTA, ET AL. v. PATERNO GUERRERO, ET AL.

    008 Phil 719

  • G.R. No. L-3957 October 3, 1907 - DOMINGO REYES, ET AL. v. SOR EFIGENIA ALVAREZ

    008 Phil 723

  • G.R. No. L-3716 October 4, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BIBIANO BORJA

    008 Phil 726

  • G.R. No. L-3729 October 4, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ZACARIAS VALENCIA

    008 Phil 729

  • G.R. No. L-3744 October 5, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CARLOS CASTAÑARES

    008 Phil 730

  • G.R. No. 3067 October 7, 1907 - RUBERT & GUAMIS v. LUENGO & MARTINEZ, ET AL.

    008 Phil 732

  • G.R. No. L-3642 October 7, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ANTONIO XAVIER

    008 Phil 733

  • G.R. No. L-2558 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JULIAN MACALALAD

    009 Phil 1

  • G.R. No. L-4052 October 8, 1907 - ENRIQUE F. SOMES v. HON. A. S. CROSSFIELD, ET AL.

    008 Phil 284

  • G.R. No. L-3715 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BIBIANO BORJA

    009 Phil 8

  • G.R. No. L-3749 October 8, 1907 - ARTADY & CO. v. CLARO SANCHEZ

    009 Phil 10

  • G.R. No. L-3807 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. SANTIAGO CABIGAO

    009 Phil 12

  • G.R. No. L-4052 October 8, 1907 - ENRIQUE F. SOMES v. HON. A. S. CROSSFIELD

    009 Phil 13

  • G.R. No. L-3752 October 9, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FAUSTO BASILIO

    009 Phil 16

  • G.R. No. L-4057 October 9, 1907 - MARIANO MACATANGAY v. MUN. OF SAN JUAN DE BOCBOC

    009 Phil 19

  • G.R. No. L-3181 October 10, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GUMERSINDO DE LA SANTA

    009 Phil 22

  • G.R. No. L-3438 October 12, 1907 - MANUEL LOPEZ Y VILLANUEVA v. EVARISTO ALVAREZ Y PEREZ

    009 Phil 28

  • G.R. No. L-3594 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ALLEN A. GARNER

    009 Phil 38

  • G.R. No. L-3609 October 12, 1907 - EULALIA ESPINO v. DANIEL ESPINO

    009 Phil 41

  • G.R. No. L-3660 October 12, 1907 - JOSE TAN SUNCO v. ALEJANDRO SANTOS

    009 Phil 44

  • G.R. No. L-3887 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PEDRO FLORES

    009 Phil 47

  • G.R. No. L-3961 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ISIDORO BASE

    009 Phil 48

  • G.R. No. L-3224 October 17, 1907 - MUÑOZ & CO. v. STRUCKMANN & CO., ET AL.

    009 Phil 52

  • G.R. No. L-3796 October 17, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MACARIA RAMIREZ

    009 Phil 67

  • G.R. No. L-3905 October 17, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. REMIGIO DONATO

    009 Phil 701

  • G.R. No. 3810 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DAMIAN ORERA

    011 Phil 596

  • G.R. No. L-2870 October 18, 1907 - CITY OF MANILA v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT

    009 Phil 71

  • G.R. No. L-3766 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PONCIANO LIMCANGCO

    009 Phil 77

  • G.R. No. L-3808 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JACINTO VICTORIA

    009 Phil 81

  • G.R. No. L-3873 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUSTO DACUYCUY

    009 Phil 84

  • G.R. No. L-3760 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. WALTER B. BROWN

    009 Phil 89

  • G.R. No. L-3819 October 19, 1907 - JESUS SANCHEZ MELLADO v. MUNICIPALITY OF TACLOBAN

    009 Phil 92

  • G.R. No. L-3853 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUAN VILLANUEVA

    009 Phil 94

  • G.R. No. L-3949 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO

    009 Phil 98

  • G.R. No. L-3532 October 21, 1907 - TY LACO CIOCO v. ARISTON MURO

    009 Phil 100

  • G.R. No. L-3644 October 21, 1907 - VICENTE QUESADA v. ISABELO ARTACHO

    009 Phil 104

  • G.R. No. L-3694 October 21, 1907 - JULIANA BONCAN v. SMITH

    009 Phil 109

  • G.R. No. L-3649 October 24, 1907 - JOSE GUZMAN v. WILLIAM X

    009 Phil 112

  • G.R. No. L-3761 October 24, 1907 - SALUSTIANO LERMA Y MARTINEZ v. FELISA MAMARIL

    009 Phil 118

  • G.R. No. L-3560 October 26, 1907 - MAGDALENA LEDESMA v. ILDEFONSO DORONILA

    009 Phil 119

  • G.R. No. L-3619 October 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. APOLONIO CANAMAN

    009 Phil 121

  • G.R. No. L-3676 October 26, 1907 - PONS Y COMPANIA v. LA COMPANIA MARITIMA

    009 Phil 125

  • G.R. No. L-3695 October 16, 1907 - ALEJANDRA PALANCA v. SMITH

    009 Phil 131

  • G.R. No. L-3745 October 26, 1907 - JUAN AGUSTIN v. BARTOLOME INOCENCIO

    009 Phil 134

  • G.R. No. L-3756 October 28, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ILDEFONSO RODRIGUEZ

    009 Phil 136

  • G.R. No. L-3633 October 30, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. TEODORA BORJAL

    009 Phil 140

  • G.R. No. L-3908 November 1, 1907 - ENRIQUE SERRANO v. LEANDRO SERRANO

    009 Phil 142

  • G.R. No. L-3732 November 2, 1907 - CLEMENCIA FELIX v. MATEO A FELIX

    009 Phil 144

  • G.R. No. L-3427 November 6, 1907 - CAPELLANIA DEL CONVENTO DE TAMBOBONG v. HIPOLITO CRUZ

    009 Phil 145

  • G.R. No. L-3623 November 6, 1907 - RUPERTO RELOVA v. ELENA LAVAREZ

    009 Phil 149

  • G.R. No. L-3661 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. LAUREANO RODRIGUEZ

    009 Phil 153

  • G.R. No. L-3985 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ANANIAS CERVO, ET AL.

    009 Phil 158

  • G.R. No. L-3986 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AMBROSIO GESMUNDO

    009 Phil 160

  • G.R. No. L-3996 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUAN BAILON

    009 Phil 161

  • G.R. No. L-3852 November 11, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. EDUARDO MONTIEL

    009 Phil 162

  • G.R. No. L-3779 November 13, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. OTIS G. FREEMAN

    009 Phil 168

  • G.R. No. L-3787 November 14, 1907 - TEODORICA ENDENCIA v. EDUARDO LOALHATI

    009 Phil 177

  • G.R. No. L-3754 November 15, 1907 - ANGELA OJINAGA v. ESTATE OF TOMAS R. PEREZ

    009 Phil 185

  • G.R. No. L-3516 November 16, 1907 - FELISA NEPOMUCENO v. CIRILO A. CARLOS

    009 Phil 194

  • G.R. No. L-3838 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AGUSTIN FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 199

  • G.R. No. L-3840 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. IGNACIO BORSED

    009 Phil 203

  • G.R. No. L-3878 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ATANACIO MACASPAC

    009 Phil 207

  • G.R. No. L-4123 November 16, 1907 - LA YEBANA COMPANY v. TIMOTEO SEVILLA

    009 Phil 210

  • G.R. No. L-4018 November 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DEMETRIO SALUDO

    009 Phil 213

  • G.R. No. L-3144 November 19, 1907 - CARMEN AYALA DE ROXAS, ET AL. v. CITY OF MANILA, ET AL.

    009 Phil 215

  • G.R. No. L-3638 November 19, 1907 - FAUSTINO GUERRA v. BLANCO SENDAGORTA, ET AL.

    009 Phil 222

  • G.R. No. L-3662 November 19, 1907 - VICENTA ACUÑA v. THE CITY OF MANILA

    009 Phil 225

  • G.R. No. L-3610 November 20, 1907 - JOSE CAMPS v. PEDRO A. PATERNO

    009 Phil 229

  • G.R. No. L-3774 November 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. VICENTE SOTTO

    009 Phil 231

  • G.R. No. L-4069 November 20, 1907 - JUAN JAUCIAN v. ROBERTO FLORANZA

    009 Phil 236

  • G.R. No. L-2786 November 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. VICTORIANO ASEBUQUE

    009 Phil 241

  • G.R. No. L-3900 November 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CANUTO BUTARDO

    009 Phil 246

  • G.R. No. L-4357 November 21, 1907 - MIGUEL PAVON v. PHIL. ISLANDS TELEPHONE, ET AL.

    009 Phil 247

  • G.R. No. 3747 November 22, 1907 - YU CHENGCO v. ALFONSO TIAOQUI, ET AL.

    011 Phil 598

  • G.R. No. L-3755 November 23, 1907 - C. C. PYLE v. ROY W. JOHNSON

    009 Phil 249

  • G.R. No. L-3823 November 23, 1907 - PEDRO P. ROXAS v. MARIA DE LA PAZ MIJARES

    009 Phil 252

  • G.R. No. L-3750 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUSTO GAMIS

    009 Phil 259

  • G.R. No. L-3964 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESTEBAN MALABANAN

    009 Phil 262

  • G.R. No. L-3973 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MARTIN SOL

    009 Phil 265

  • G.R. No. L-3741 November 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AFRONIANO FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 269

  • G.R. No. L-3702 November 29, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESCOLASTICO DE LA CRUZ

    009 Phil 276

  • G.R. No. L-4338 December 2, 1907 - ALFRED B. JONES v. J. E. HARDING

    009 Phil 279

  • G.R. No. L-3738 December 3, 1907 - JOSE ACOSTA v. ANDRES DOMINGO

    009 Phil 290

  • G.R. No. L-3190 December 4, 1907 - ASUNCION ALBERT Y MAYORALGO, ET AL v. MARTINIANO PUNSALAN

    009 Phil 294

  • G.R. No. L-3935 December 4, 1907 - UY PIAOCO v. SERGIO OSMENA

    009 Phil 299

  • G.R. No. L-3378 December 5, 1907 - JOSE CASTAÑO v. CHARLES S. LOBINGIER

    009 Phil 310

  • G.R. No. L-3713 December 5, 1907 - UNION FARMACEUTICA FILIPINA v. FRANCISCO ICASIANO

    009 Phil 319

  • G.R. No. L-3826 December 7, 1907 - CARMEN AYALA DE ROXAS v. JUANA VALENCIA

    009 Phil 322

  • G.R. No. L-3847 December 7, 1907 - LEOPOLDO FERRER v. RAMON NERI ABEJUELA

    009 Phil 324

  • G.R. No. L-3704 December 12, 1907 - LA COMPAÑIA MARITIMA v. FRANCISCO MUÑOZ

    009 Phil 326

  • G.R. No. L-3895 December 14, 1907 - In the matter of A. K. JONES

    009 Phil 347

  • G.R. No. L-3899 December 16, 1907 - ALFREDO CHANCO v. ANACLETA MADRILEJOS

    009 Phil 356

  • G.R. No. L-3933 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PAULINO SAN ANDRES

    009 Phil 362

  • G.R. No. L-3959 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FLORENCIO PARAS

    009 Phil 367

  • G.R. No. L-3972 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MATEO GUANZON

    009 Phil 371

  • G.R. No. L-3596 December 17, 1907 - LUCHSINGER & CO. v. CORNELIO MELLIZA

    009 Phil 376

  • G.R. No. L-3128 December 19, 1907 - UN PAK LEUNG v. JUAN NIGORRA

    009 Phil 381

  • G.R. No. L-3128 December 19, 1907 - UN PAK LEUNG v. JUAN NIGORRA

    009 Phil 381

  • G.R. No. L-3688 December 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JOHN HAZLEY

    009 Phil 384

  • G.R. No. L-3891 December 19, 1907 - ELENA MORENTE v. GUMERSINDO DE LA SANTA

    009 Phil 387

  • G.R. No. L-3505 December 20, 1907 - ARCADIO MAXILOM v. GAUDENCIO TABOTABO

    009 Phil 390

  • G.R. No. L-3980 December 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. RUPERTO GOROSPE, ET AL.

    009 Phil 394

  • G.R. No. L-4061 December 20, 1907 - MANUEL TAGUINOT v. MUNICIPALITY OF TANAY

    009 Phil 396

  • G.R. No. L-3483 December 21, 1907 - BENITO MOJICA v. JUANA FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 403

  • G.R. No. L-3788 December 21, 1907 - PEDRO P. ROXAS v. JULIA TUASON

    009 Phil 408

  • G.R. No. L-3936 December 21, 1907 - JOSE VILLEGAS v. NICOLAS CAPISTRANO

    009 Phil 416

  • G.R. No. L-3991 December 21, 1907 - SIMEON ROQUE v. RUFINO NAVARRO

    009 Phil 420

  • G.R. No. L-3992 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAGDALENO MENDEZ

    009 Phil 422

  • G.R. No. L-4086 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAXIMO BRELLO

    009 Phil 424

  • G.R. No. L-4201 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESPIRIDION ROTA

    009 Phil 426

  • G.R. No. L-3570 December 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ELIGIO C. GARCIA

    009 Phil 434

  • G.R. No. L-3948 December 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO

    009 Phil 441

  • G.R. No. L-3969 December 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO SANTILLAN

    009 Phil 445

  • G.R. No. L-3212 December 28, 1907 - ROMAN CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC CHURCH v. MUNICIPALITIES OF TARLAC, ET AL.

    009 Phil 450

  • G.R. No. L-3273 July 13, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. QUIRINO PERALTA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 200

  • G.R. No. L-3556 July 13, 1907 - H.J. BLACK v. CARL T. NYGREN

    008 Phil 205

  • G.R. No. L-3332 July 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. HARRY B. MULFORD

    008 Phil 208

  • G.R. No. L-3541 July 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESTEBAN SEVILLA

    009 Phil 700

  • G.R. No. L-2646 July 25, 1907 - MARIA ROURA, ET AL. v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT

    008 Phil 214

  • G.R. No. L-3476 July 25, 1907 - DOROTEA MENDOZA v. CASIMIRO FULGENCIO, ET AL.

    008 Phil 243

  • G.R. No. L-3348 July 26, 1907 - JULIAN NAVAL v. HERMOGENES BENAVIDES

    008 Phil 250

  • G.R. No. L-3563 July 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAXIMO AUSTRIA

    008 Phil 254

  • G.R. No. 3621 July 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MACARIO SAKAY, ET AL.

    008 Phil 255

  • G.R. No. L-2997 July 27, 1907 - ANDRES BARTOLOME v. SIMEON MANDAC, ET AL.

    008 Phil 263

  • G.R. No. L-3397 July 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BERNARDO ALAMEDA

    008 Phil 266

  • G.R. No. L-3431 July 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CHU CHIO

    008 Phil 269

  • G.R. No. L-3479 July 29, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. WILLIAM BOSTON

    008 Phil 271

  • G.R. No. L-3496 July 31, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. URBANA NACION

    008 Phil 274