Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1907 > July 1907 Decisions > G.R. No. L-3616 September 10, 1907 - CIRILO PURUGANAN v. TEODORO MARTIN, ET AL.

008 Phil 519:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

[G.R. No. L-3616. September 10, 1907. ]

CIRILO PURUGANAN, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. TEODORO MARTIN, ET AL., Defendants-Appellants.

N. Bonoan, for Appellants.

I. Javier, for Appellee.

SYLLABUS


1. OWNERSHIP; UNLAWFUL DETAINER; ACTION FOR RECOVERY OF POSSESSION. — An action of recovery is a right appertaining to the owner, the ownership being duly proven, and the action lies against any person in possession who, without title, unlawfully detains the property of the plaintiff.

2. ID.; TITLE BY POSSESSION; RIGHT OF RECOVERY BY LAWFUL OWNER. — If in order to be respected in the possession of a thing mere possession is sufficient unless a better right be established by another person, yet from the time when it is shown that such possession in unlawful and to the prejudice of the real owner who has justified his claim be means of a lawful title, the property usurped must, in justice, be fortwith restored to the true owner.

3. EXCEPTION; BILL OF EXCEPTIONS. — In order that an exception taken in due course against a judgment of a Court of First Instance may be considered by the Supreme Court, it is indispensable that the corresponding bill of exceptions be presented within the legal term, and that the same be allowed and approved and subsequently proceeded with in accordance with the law.


D E C I S I O N


TORRES, J. :


Under date of the 1st of November, 1905, Cirilo Puruganan filed a complaint against Martin, Barruga, Ventura, and Miguel, praying that judgment restitution to them of the land detained by them, together with the fruits which they had improperly retained amounting to 36 uyones of palay, or in default thereof to pay the value of the same and the costs and expenses of the proceedings. It was alleged by the plaintiff that the four defendants had for several years past cultivated, as tenants, six parcels of land belonging to him, four of which were situated in Corcuera and two in Gambeng, within the limits of Solsona, Ilocos Norte, the respective areas and boundaries of which were stated, under obligation to pay the rest agreed, consisting of 8 uyones of palay for the land in Cocuera and 8 uyones more for the land in Gambeng; that the defendants had complied with their obligation, but during the years 1903 and 1904 they enjoy paid 3 uyones as rent for each crop, and in 1905 they utterly refused to pay the said rent and to recognize the right ownership of the plaintiff; all to the prejudice of the lawful rights of the defendant, for which reason an action for the recovery of the property in question was brought.

The demurrer presented by counsel for the defense having been overruled, the latter in response asked that the complaint be dismissed with costs against the plaintiff, declaring that no such lands existed, and top this end they denied all and each of the grounds of the complaint, Nos. 2 top 7; further, that the said lands described in the complaint did not exists nor were the defendants cultivating them, because those of which they were in possession were different from the ones mentioned in the complaint; that at not time had the defendants paid any rent for said property nor was any debt in palay due by them to the plaintiff; that the lands of which they were in possession had been cultivated and held from time immemorial by their ancestors, from whom they inherited the same; that dominion may also be acquired by prescription (art. 1931, Civil Code) and that a person succeeding of a faulty possession of the testator (art. 442, Civil Code); and that an action had been instituted in said court for the cancellation of the tenancy, and because no proof was offered as to the existence of such a contract, the defendants were acquitted and that no action for recovery can arise from said proceedings by the court be the subject of further controversy.

Upon the production of evidence by both parties, and the documents offered by the plaintiff having been made of record, counsel for the defense offered to present a certified copy of the testimony of witnesses in the said action already decided with respect to the cancellation of the tenancy. The judge, in view thereof, under date of the 6th of June, 1906, held that the plaintiff was the owner of the lands in question, and sentenced the defendants Teodoro Martin, Ramon Barruga, Julian Ventura, and Miguel Agustin to surrender them to the plaintiff, without any ruling as to costs.

The attorney for the defendants on being informed of the foregoing decision moved that the same vacated and a new trial held under paragraph 1 of section 145 [of Act No. 190], in view of the fact that he had not been able to defend himself, the proof on which his defense was based and allowed by the court had not been taken, and because he had not been able to present a written brief after the evidence was submitted, accident or surprise which ordinary prudence could not have guarded against having occurred, for which reason the right of the respondent had been prejudiced. Some days later the same counsel for the defense gave notice of his intention to file a bill of exceptions against the judgment, but the plaintiff objected to the granting of a new trial because the accident or surprise alleged by the defendants was not substantiated. The defendants failed to present their evidence in proper time, and as the motion for a new trial was not accompanied by affidavits, the motion was dismissed by the court 7 and the bill; of exceptions was then approved and submitted to this court. The plaintiff also reference regarding the products of the land and for the reason that no special ruling was made as to costs.

In view of the terms of the request contained in the complaint, it is evident that the plaintiff, Cirilo Puruganan, claims, as owner, to recover the six parcels of land detained by the defendants, because an action of recovery is a right appertaining to the owner, the ownership being duly proven, an action lies against any person in possession who, without title, unlawfully detains the property of the plaintiff. (Art. 348, Civil Code.)

One of the essential requisites in an action of recovery is to fix the identity of the thing that the party desires to receiver by Puruganan by the proof submitted by him, the four defendants not having duly shown that the ares and boundaries of the land detained by them were different from those stated in the complaint.

It is fully proven, and is not the contradicted by the defendants, that the plaintiff obtained by composition with the State the corresponding obtained by composition with the State the corresponding title of ownership issued on the 14th of June, 1895, by the civil governor of the Province of Ilocos Norte, by the authority of the director-general of civil administration, to seventeen parcels of land, among which are the six parcels in controversy; that this title was registered in the r registry of property on the 9th of July following, and that from 1902 to 1905, when the complaint was filed, the plaintiff has been paying the land tax on said property, which fact shows beyond doubt the dominion which the plaintiff had over the same, and, as he declares, that the defendants had occupied the land as tenants until 1905, when they absolutely refused to pay rent, ignoring the right of ownership of the plaintiff, demonstrated by documents and by the testimony of two witnesses who corroborate and confirm the character of the tenancy under which they formerly occupied the six parcels of land, and their, present detention thereof.

If in order to be respected in the possession of thing mere possession is sufficient unless a better right is established by another person, yet from the time when it is shown that such real owner who has justified his claim to dominion by means of a lawful title, the property usurped must, in justice, be forthwith restored to the true owner.

The defendants have not even attempted to show that they possessed the land in question by virtue of ownership; they simply limited themselves to offering in evidence a certified copy of some testimony given by witnesses in a suit for the rescission of a tenancy, but they took no steps to comply of record, notwithstanding the fact that two months and twenty-one days had elapsed when judgment was rendered. Knowing, as they did, that the plaintiff had presented in support of his action irrefutable evidence, both oral and documentary, if no proofs were offered in time on their part, no one but themselves are to blame. Therefore the judge when rendering his decision, in view of the proceedings in the case, did not err and his action was in accordance with the law.

As to the exception stated by the plaintiff’s attorney at the time when he was notified of the decision, with respect to the payment of the fruits of the six parcels of land detained by the defendants, and the payment of the costs, considering that the excepting party has not filed in proper time the corresponding bill of exceptions, which should have been first allowed and then submitted to this court and proceeded with in accordance with the law, the exception can not now be considered, notwithstanding the fact that such illness are contained in the brief filed in this second instance. (Secs. 141, 142, and 143, Code of Civil Procedure.)

In view of the foregoing consideration, the judgment appealed from should be affirmed, with the costs of this instance against the appellants, and it is so ordered.

Arellano, C.J., Johnson, Willard, and Tracey, JJ., concur.




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    008 Phil 733

  • G.R. No. L-2558 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JULIAN MACALALAD

    009 Phil 1

  • G.R. No. L-4052 October 8, 1907 - ENRIQUE F. SOMES v. HON. A. S. CROSSFIELD, ET AL.

    008 Phil 284

  • G.R. No. L-3715 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BIBIANO BORJA

    009 Phil 8

  • G.R. No. L-3749 October 8, 1907 - ARTADY & CO. v. CLARO SANCHEZ

    009 Phil 10

  • G.R. No. L-3807 October 8, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. SANTIAGO CABIGAO

    009 Phil 12

  • G.R. No. L-4052 October 8, 1907 - ENRIQUE F. SOMES v. HON. A. S. CROSSFIELD

    009 Phil 13

  • G.R. No. L-3752 October 9, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FAUSTO BASILIO

    009 Phil 16

  • G.R. No. L-4057 October 9, 1907 - MARIANO MACATANGAY v. MUN. OF SAN JUAN DE BOCBOC

    009 Phil 19

  • G.R. No. L-3181 October 10, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GUMERSINDO DE LA SANTA

    009 Phil 22

  • G.R. No. L-3438 October 12, 1907 - MANUEL LOPEZ Y VILLANUEVA v. EVARISTO ALVAREZ Y PEREZ

    009 Phil 28

  • G.R. No. L-3594 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ALLEN A. GARNER

    009 Phil 38

  • G.R. No. L-3609 October 12, 1907 - EULALIA ESPINO v. DANIEL ESPINO

    009 Phil 41

  • G.R. No. L-3660 October 12, 1907 - JOSE TAN SUNCO v. ALEJANDRO SANTOS

    009 Phil 44

  • G.R. No. L-3887 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PEDRO FLORES

    009 Phil 47

  • G.R. No. L-3961 October 12, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ISIDORO BASE

    009 Phil 48

  • G.R. No. L-3224 October 17, 1907 - MUÑOZ & CO. v. STRUCKMANN & CO., ET AL.

    009 Phil 52

  • G.R. No. L-3796 October 17, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MACARIA RAMIREZ

    009 Phil 67

  • G.R. No. L-3905 October 17, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. REMIGIO DONATO

    009 Phil 701

  • G.R. No. 3810 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DAMIAN ORERA

    011 Phil 596

  • G.R. No. L-2870 October 18, 1907 - CITY OF MANILA v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT

    009 Phil 71

  • G.R. No. L-3766 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PONCIANO LIMCANGCO

    009 Phil 77

  • G.R. No. L-3808 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JACINTO VICTORIA

    009 Phil 81

  • G.R. No. L-3873 October 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUSTO DACUYCUY

    009 Phil 84

  • G.R. No. L-3760 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. WALTER B. BROWN

    009 Phil 89

  • G.R. No. L-3819 October 19, 1907 - JESUS SANCHEZ MELLADO v. MUNICIPALITY OF TACLOBAN

    009 Phil 92

  • G.R. No. L-3853 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUAN VILLANUEVA

    009 Phil 94

  • G.R. No. L-3949 October 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO

    009 Phil 98

  • G.R. No. L-3532 October 21, 1907 - TY LACO CIOCO v. ARISTON MURO

    009 Phil 100

  • G.R. No. L-3644 October 21, 1907 - VICENTE QUESADA v. ISABELO ARTACHO

    009 Phil 104

  • G.R. No. L-3694 October 21, 1907 - JULIANA BONCAN v. SMITH

    009 Phil 109

  • G.R. No. L-3649 October 24, 1907 - JOSE GUZMAN v. WILLIAM X

    009 Phil 112

  • G.R. No. L-3761 October 24, 1907 - SALUSTIANO LERMA Y MARTINEZ v. FELISA MAMARIL

    009 Phil 118

  • G.R. No. L-3560 October 26, 1907 - MAGDALENA LEDESMA v. ILDEFONSO DORONILA

    009 Phil 119

  • G.R. No. L-3619 October 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. APOLONIO CANAMAN

    009 Phil 121

  • G.R. No. L-3676 October 26, 1907 - PONS Y COMPANIA v. LA COMPANIA MARITIMA

    009 Phil 125

  • G.R. No. L-3695 October 16, 1907 - ALEJANDRA PALANCA v. SMITH

    009 Phil 131

  • G.R. No. L-3745 October 26, 1907 - JUAN AGUSTIN v. BARTOLOME INOCENCIO

    009 Phil 134

  • G.R. No. L-3756 October 28, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ILDEFONSO RODRIGUEZ

    009 Phil 136

  • G.R. No. L-3633 October 30, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. TEODORA BORJAL

    009 Phil 140

  • G.R. No. L-3908 November 1, 1907 - ENRIQUE SERRANO v. LEANDRO SERRANO

    009 Phil 142

  • G.R. No. L-3732 November 2, 1907 - CLEMENCIA FELIX v. MATEO A FELIX

    009 Phil 144

  • G.R. No. L-3427 November 6, 1907 - CAPELLANIA DEL CONVENTO DE TAMBOBONG v. HIPOLITO CRUZ

    009 Phil 145

  • G.R. No. L-3623 November 6, 1907 - RUPERTO RELOVA v. ELENA LAVAREZ

    009 Phil 149

  • G.R. No. L-3661 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. LAUREANO RODRIGUEZ

    009 Phil 153

  • G.R. No. L-3985 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ANANIAS CERVO, ET AL.

    009 Phil 158

  • G.R. No. L-3986 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AMBROSIO GESMUNDO

    009 Phil 160

  • G.R. No. L-3996 November 6, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUAN BAILON

    009 Phil 161

  • G.R. No. L-3852 November 11, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. EDUARDO MONTIEL

    009 Phil 162

  • G.R. No. L-3779 November 13, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. OTIS G. FREEMAN

    009 Phil 168

  • G.R. No. L-3787 November 14, 1907 - TEODORICA ENDENCIA v. EDUARDO LOALHATI

    009 Phil 177

  • G.R. No. L-3754 November 15, 1907 - ANGELA OJINAGA v. ESTATE OF TOMAS R. PEREZ

    009 Phil 185

  • G.R. No. L-3516 November 16, 1907 - FELISA NEPOMUCENO v. CIRILO A. CARLOS

    009 Phil 194

  • G.R. No. L-3838 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AGUSTIN FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 199

  • G.R. No. L-3840 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. IGNACIO BORSED

    009 Phil 203

  • G.R. No. L-3878 November 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ATANACIO MACASPAC

    009 Phil 207

  • G.R. No. L-4123 November 16, 1907 - LA YEBANA COMPANY v. TIMOTEO SEVILLA

    009 Phil 210

  • G.R. No. L-4018 November 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. DEMETRIO SALUDO

    009 Phil 213

  • G.R. No. L-3144 November 19, 1907 - CARMEN AYALA DE ROXAS, ET AL. v. CITY OF MANILA, ET AL.

    009 Phil 215

  • G.R. No. L-3638 November 19, 1907 - FAUSTINO GUERRA v. BLANCO SENDAGORTA, ET AL.

    009 Phil 222

  • G.R. No. L-3662 November 19, 1907 - VICENTA ACUÑA v. THE CITY OF MANILA

    009 Phil 225

  • G.R. No. L-3610 November 20, 1907 - JOSE CAMPS v. PEDRO A. PATERNO

    009 Phil 229

  • G.R. No. L-3774 November 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. VICENTE SOTTO

    009 Phil 231

  • G.R. No. L-4069 November 20, 1907 - JUAN JAUCIAN v. ROBERTO FLORANZA

    009 Phil 236

  • G.R. No. L-2786 November 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. VICTORIANO ASEBUQUE

    009 Phil 241

  • G.R. No. L-3900 November 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CANUTO BUTARDO

    009 Phil 246

  • G.R. No. L-4357 November 21, 1907 - MIGUEL PAVON v. PHIL. ISLANDS TELEPHONE, ET AL.

    009 Phil 247

  • G.R. No. 3747 November 22, 1907 - YU CHENGCO v. ALFONSO TIAOQUI, ET AL.

    011 Phil 598

  • G.R. No. L-3755 November 23, 1907 - C. C. PYLE v. ROY W. JOHNSON

    009 Phil 249

  • G.R. No. L-3823 November 23, 1907 - PEDRO P. ROXAS v. MARIA DE LA PAZ MIJARES

    009 Phil 252

  • G.R. No. L-3750 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JUSTO GAMIS

    009 Phil 259

  • G.R. No. L-3964 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESTEBAN MALABANAN

    009 Phil 262

  • G.R. No. L-3973 November 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MARTIN SOL

    009 Phil 265

  • G.R. No. L-3741 November 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. AFRONIANO FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 269

  • G.R. No. L-3702 November 29, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESCOLASTICO DE LA CRUZ

    009 Phil 276

  • G.R. No. L-4338 December 2, 1907 - ALFRED B. JONES v. J. E. HARDING

    009 Phil 279

  • G.R. No. L-3738 December 3, 1907 - JOSE ACOSTA v. ANDRES DOMINGO

    009 Phil 290

  • G.R. No. L-3190 December 4, 1907 - ASUNCION ALBERT Y MAYORALGO, ET AL v. MARTINIANO PUNSALAN

    009 Phil 294

  • G.R. No. L-3935 December 4, 1907 - UY PIAOCO v. SERGIO OSMENA

    009 Phil 299

  • G.R. No. L-3378 December 5, 1907 - JOSE CASTAÑO v. CHARLES S. LOBINGIER

    009 Phil 310

  • G.R. No. L-3713 December 5, 1907 - UNION FARMACEUTICA FILIPINA v. FRANCISCO ICASIANO

    009 Phil 319

  • G.R. No. L-3826 December 7, 1907 - CARMEN AYALA DE ROXAS v. JUANA VALENCIA

    009 Phil 322

  • G.R. No. L-3847 December 7, 1907 - LEOPOLDO FERRER v. RAMON NERI ABEJUELA

    009 Phil 324

  • G.R. No. L-3704 December 12, 1907 - LA COMPAÑIA MARITIMA v. FRANCISCO MUÑOZ

    009 Phil 326

  • G.R. No. L-3895 December 14, 1907 - In the matter of A. K. JONES

    009 Phil 347

  • G.R. No. L-3899 December 16, 1907 - ALFREDO CHANCO v. ANACLETA MADRILEJOS

    009 Phil 356

  • G.R. No. L-3933 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. PAULINO SAN ANDRES

    009 Phil 362

  • G.R. No. L-3959 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. FLORENCIO PARAS

    009 Phil 367

  • G.R. No. L-3972 December 16, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MATEO GUANZON

    009 Phil 371

  • G.R. No. L-3596 December 17, 1907 - LUCHSINGER & CO. v. CORNELIO MELLIZA

    009 Phil 376

  • G.R. No. L-3128 December 19, 1907 - UN PAK LEUNG v. JUAN NIGORRA

    009 Phil 381

  • G.R. No. L-3128 December 19, 1907 - UN PAK LEUNG v. JUAN NIGORRA

    009 Phil 381

  • G.R. No. L-3688 December 19, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. JOHN HAZLEY

    009 Phil 384

  • G.R. No. L-3891 December 19, 1907 - ELENA MORENTE v. GUMERSINDO DE LA SANTA

    009 Phil 387

  • G.R. No. L-3505 December 20, 1907 - ARCADIO MAXILOM v. GAUDENCIO TABOTABO

    009 Phil 390

  • G.R. No. L-3980 December 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. RUPERTO GOROSPE, ET AL.

    009 Phil 394

  • G.R. No. L-4061 December 20, 1907 - MANUEL TAGUINOT v. MUNICIPALITY OF TANAY

    009 Phil 396

  • G.R. No. L-3483 December 21, 1907 - BENITO MOJICA v. JUANA FERNANDEZ

    009 Phil 403

  • G.R. No. L-3788 December 21, 1907 - PEDRO P. ROXAS v. JULIA TUASON

    009 Phil 408

  • G.R. No. L-3936 December 21, 1907 - JOSE VILLEGAS v. NICOLAS CAPISTRANO

    009 Phil 416

  • G.R. No. L-3991 December 21, 1907 - SIMEON ROQUE v. RUFINO NAVARRO

    009 Phil 420

  • G.R. No. L-3992 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAGDALENO MENDEZ

    009 Phil 422

  • G.R. No. L-4086 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAXIMO BRELLO

    009 Phil 424

  • G.R. No. L-4201 December 21, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESPIRIDION ROTA

    009 Phil 426

  • G.R. No. L-3570 December 23, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ELIGIO C. GARCIA

    009 Phil 434

  • G.R. No. L-3948 December 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO

    009 Phil 441

  • G.R. No. L-3969 December 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. GABINO SORIANO SANTILLAN

    009 Phil 445

  • G.R. No. L-3212 December 28, 1907 - ROMAN CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC CHURCH v. MUNICIPALITIES OF TARLAC, ET AL.

    009 Phil 450

  • G.R. No. L-3273 July 13, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. QUIRINO PERALTA, ET AL.

    008 Phil 200

  • G.R. No. L-3556 July 13, 1907 - H.J. BLACK v. CARL T. NYGREN

    008 Phil 205

  • G.R. No. L-3332 July 18, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. HARRY B. MULFORD

    008 Phil 208

  • G.R. No. L-3541 July 20, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. ESTEBAN SEVILLA

    009 Phil 700

  • G.R. No. L-2646 July 25, 1907 - MARIA ROURA, ET AL. v. INSULAR GOVERNMENT

    008 Phil 214

  • G.R. No. L-3476 July 25, 1907 - DOROTEA MENDOZA v. CASIMIRO FULGENCIO, ET AL.

    008 Phil 243

  • G.R. No. L-3348 July 26, 1907 - JULIAN NAVAL v. HERMOGENES BENAVIDES

    008 Phil 250

  • G.R. No. L-3563 July 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MAXIMO AUSTRIA

    008 Phil 254

  • G.R. No. 3621 July 26, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. MACARIO SAKAY, ET AL.

    008 Phil 255

  • G.R. No. L-2997 July 27, 1907 - ANDRES BARTOLOME v. SIMEON MANDAC, ET AL.

    008 Phil 263

  • G.R. No. L-3397 July 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. BERNARDO ALAMEDA

    008 Phil 266

  • G.R. No. L-3431 July 27, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. CHU CHIO

    008 Phil 269

  • G.R. No. L-3479 July 29, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. WILLIAM BOSTON

    008 Phil 271

  • G.R. No. L-3496 July 31, 1907 - UNITED STATES v. URBANA NACION

    008 Phil 274