Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2003 > March 2003 Decisions > A.M. No. P-02-1540 March 6, 2003 - EULOGIO B. GUEVARRA v. VICENTE S. SICAT:




PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

THIRD DIVISION

[A.M. No. P-02-1540. March 6, 2003.]

EULOGIO B. GUEVARRA, Complainant, v. VICENTE S. SICAT, JR., Sheriff IV, Office of the Clerk of Court, Regional Trial Court, Angeles City, Respondent.

D E C I S I O N


SANDOVAL-GUTIERREZ, J.:


The instant administrative complaint filed by Eulogio B. Guevarra charges Vicente S. Sicat, Jr., Sheriff IV, Office of the Clerk of Court, Regional Trial Court, Angeles City, with neglect of duty and/or inefficiency for failure to implement the writ of execution and order of demolition in Civil Case No. 272, "Eulogio B. Guevarra v. Ross Chessman and Teodoro Baul and wife" for ejectment.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

Complainant was the plaintiff in Civil Case No. 272 decided by the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) in his favor. After the decision became final and executory, a writ of execution was issued. In implementing the writ, respondent sheriff gave the defendants a period of ten (10) days within which to vacate the premises but they refused. Eventually, the MTC issued an order of demolition.

Complainant alleged that on various dates (in the course of the execution of the decision) respondent demanded and received from him the following sums of money intended for sheriffs expenses:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library

(a) November 17, 1997 P700.00

(b) July 10, 1998 1,000.00

(c) September 2, 1998 5,000.00

(d) November 12, 1998 3,000.00

The last two amounts are evidenced with receipts.

Despite the lapse of time and complainant’s repeated requests, respondent failed to implement the writ of execution and order of demolition.

In his comment on the complaint, respondent denied the charges, contending that what he received from the complainant was only P8,000.00 for which he issued the corresponding receipts. He gave this amount to the persons he hired to assist in the demolition of the premises, namely: Rudolfo Garcia, Eduardo Cortez and Nicolas A. Bulaon. However, the demolition did not materialize because the defendants placed barbed wire around the premises and threatened those three persons. In their joint affidavit dated April 17, 2000, Bulaon and Garcia stated that they are willing to return the money to the complainant. 1

Court Administrator Presbitero J. Velasco, Jr., in his Report and Recommendation dated November 5, 2001, found respondent guilty of neglect in the performance of his duty. He recommended that the complaint be re-docketed as an administrative matter and that respondent be fined in the amount of P5,000.00 with a warning that a repetition of the same or similar offense shall be dealt with more severely. His "Evaluation" reads:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"The respondent is negligent in the performance of his duty as a Sheriff. The respondent said that he failed to implement the writ of demolition because the heirs of the defendant placed barbed wire around the premises and threatened to fight and resist the demolition of the structure built on the property. The reason given by the respondent why he failed to implement the writ of demolition is flimsy and it is a proof of his inefficiency. Respondent can always seek the intervention of police authorities or Barangay officials of the place in order to accomplish the task he was mandated by the court to do. There will be no end to litigations if Sheriffs would be afraid to implement the writs issued by the court."cralaw virtua1aw library

Pursuant to the Resolution dated January 14, 2002 of this Court, both parties manifested that they are submitting this case for decision on the basis of the pleadings /records already filed.

In implementing the writ of execution, Section 9, Rule 141 of the Revised Rules of Court prescribes the procedure to be followed by the sheriffs, thus:chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

"SEC. 9. Sheriffs and other persons serving processes. —

x       x       x


"In addition to the fees hereinabove fixed, the party requesting the process of any court, preliminary, incidental, or final, shall pay the sheriff’s expenses in serving or executing the process, or safeguarding the property levied upon, attached or seized, including kilometrage for each kilometer of travel, guards’ fees, warehousing and similar charges, in an amount estimated by the sheriff, subject to the approval of the court. Upon approval of said estimated expenses, the interested party shall deposit such amount with the clerk of court and ex-oficio sheriff, who shall disburse the same to the deputy sheriff assigned to effect the process, subject to liquidation within the same period for rendering a return on the process. Any unspent amount shall be refunded to the party making the deposit. A full report shall be submitted by the deputy sheriff assigned with his return, and the sheriff’s expenses shall be taxed as costs against the judgment debtor."cralaw virtua1aw library

It is clear from the above Rule that before an interested party pays the sheriffs expenses, the latter should first estimate the amount to be approved by the court. Upon approval, the interested party deposits the amount with the clerk of court and ex-officio sheriff. The latter then disburses the amount to the sheriff assigned to execute the writ. The amount so disbursed is subject to liquidation. Any unspent amount should be refunded to the party making the deposit. Thereafter, the sheriff must render a full report. 2

In the instant case, respondent sheriff simply demanded and received money from the complainant without first informing him of the estimated expenses and without securing court approval, in violation of the above Rule. Neither did respondent advise the complainant that the sheriff’s expenses shall be deposited with the clerk of court and ex-officio sheriff upon approval by the court of the estimated expenses.

Nonetheless, there is no showing in the records that in demanding the sums of P5,000.00 and P3,000.00, evidenced by receipts, respondent was motivated by intent to gain. In fact, the persons he hired to assist in the demolition executed a joint affidavit stating that they are willing to return the full amount to the complainant. Even complainant himself merely charges respondent with negligence and/or inefficiency.

Thus, respondent’s act of demanding and receiving money from the complainant to be defrayed as sheriffs expenses without observing the proper procedures required by the Rules, makes him liable for the administrative offense of simple misconduct, as we have held in the similar case of Carmelita S. Danao v. Jesus T. Franco, Jr. 3 Likewise, for his failure to implement the writ of execution, he is guilty of inefficiency and incompetence in the performance of official duties.

Such improper conduct warrants sanction from this Court since it undoubtedly erodes the faith and confidence of litigants in the administration of justice. This Court has reminded all court employees, specially sheriffs, of their duties in this wise:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"At the grassroots of our judicial machinery, sheriffs and deputy sheriffs are indispensably in close contact with the litigants, hence, their conduct should be geared towards maintaining the prestige and integrity of the court, for the image of a court of justice is necessarily mirrored in the conduct, official or otherwise, of the men and women who work thereat, from the judge to the least and lowest of its personnel; hence, it becomes the imperative sacred duty of each and everyone in the court to maintain its good name and standing as a temple of justice." 4

In the same vein, this Court held in Roberto Ignacio v. Rodolfo Payumo, Deputy Sheriff, RTC, Quezon City, Branch 93, 5 that:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph

"Sheriffs and deputy sheriffs, as officers of the court and, therefore, agents of the law, must discharge their duties with due care and utmost diligence because in serving the court’s writs and processes and in implementing the orders of the court, they cannot afford to err without affecting the efficiency of the process of the administration of justice. Sheriffs play an important role in the administration of justice and, as agents of the law, high standards are expected of them."cralaw virtua1aw library

Sheriffs are indispensable in the administration of justice since they are charged with the delicate task of the execution and enforcement of final judgments of the courts, indisputably the most difficult phase in any judicial proceeding. If not enforced, such decisions become empty victories of the prevailing parties. Thus, the sheriffs must act with reasonable celerity and promptness so as not to unduly delay the administration of justice; otherwise, the decisions, orders or other processes of the courts would be futile. 6

Respondent sheriff falls short of the judicial standard.

WHEREFORE, the Court finds respondent VICENTE S. SICAT, JR., Sheriff IV, assigned at the Office of the Clerk of Court, Regional Trial Court, Angeles City, guilty of SIMPLE MISCONDUCT and INEFFICIENCY AND INCOMPETENCE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES and is SUSPENDED from the service for one (1) month without pay and other fringe benefits including leave credits, and is FINED in the sum of P10,000.00, with a stern warning that a repetition of the same offense shall be dealt with more severely.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary

SO ORDERED.

Puno, Panganiban and Carpio-Morales, JJ., concur.

Corona, J., is on leave.

Endnotes:



1. Rollo at 30.

2. Carmelita S. Danao v. Jesus T. Franco, Jr., Sheriff IV, RTC-Br. 215, Q.C., A.M. No. P-02-1569, Nov. 13, 2002; Ong v. Meregildo, 233 SCRA 632 (1994); Rizal Commercial Banking Corp. v. Noel V. Quilantang, Sheriff IV, RTC-Br. 53, Bacolod City, A.M. No. P-01-1481, July 5, 2001.

3. A.M. No. P-02-1569, November 13, 2002.

4 Vda. de Velayo v. Ramos, A.M. No. P-99-1332, January 17, 2002, citing Canlas v. Balasbas, 337 SCRA 41 (2000); Vda. de Abellera v. Dalisay, 268 SCRA 64, 67 (1997).

5. A.M. No. P-00-1396, October 24, 2000, citing Bornasal, Jr. v. Montes, 280 SCRA 181 (1997) and Llamado v. Ravelo, 280 SCRA 597 (1997).

6. Moya v. Bassig, 138 SCRA 49 (1985) cited in Orlando T. Mendoza v. Sheriff IV Rosbert M. Tuquero, and Sheriff IV Antonio V. Leaño, Jr., A.M. P-99-1343, June 28, 2001; Teresita T. Gonzales La’o & Co., Inc. v. Sheriff Jadi T. Hatab, A.M. No. P-99-1337, April 5, 2000; Jumio v. Egay-Eviota, 231 SCRA 551 (1994); see Nicanor T. Santos v. Delilah Gonzales-Munoz, Clerk of Court, RTC-OCC, Baguio City, and Romeo R. Florendo, Sheriff IV, RTC-OCC, Baguio City, A.M. No. P-02-1628, August 14, 2002.




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