CONSTITUTION of SERBIA & MONTENEGRO
(Adopted on: 27 April 1992)
(Other title: The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia)
Mindful of the freedom-loving, democratic and nation-building
traditions, historical ties and shared interests of the state of
Serbia and the state of Montenegro;
Arising from the unbroken continuity of Yugoslavia and
voluntary association between Serbia and Montenegro;
The Federal Chamber of the Assembly of the Socialist Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, following upon the proposals and
consent of the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia and
the Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro hereby adopts and
promulgates The Constitution of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia.
Section I Basic Provisions
Article 1
The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be a sovereign federal
state, founded on the equality of citizens and the equality of its
member republics.
Article 2
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be composed of
the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro.
(2) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia may be joined by other
member republics, in accordance with the present Constitution.
Article 3
(1) The territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be
a single entity comprising the territories of the member
republics.
(2) The frontiers of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be
inviolable.
(3) The boundaries between member republics may be changed
only subject to their agreement, in accordance with the
constitutions of the member republics.
Article 4
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall have a flag, a
national anthem, and a coat-of-arms.
(2) The flag of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall consist
of three horizontal stripes, blue, white and red in that order,
from top to bottom.
(3) The national anthem of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
shall be 'Hej Sloveni'.
(4) The coat-of-arms of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is
to be established by federal statute.
Article 5
The capital city of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be
Belgrade.
Article 6
(1) A member republic shall be a state in which power is vested
in its citizens.
(2) A member republic shall be sovereign in matters which
under the present Constitution are not reserved to the
jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(3) A member republic shall autonomously organize its
government under its own constitution.
(4) The right of local self-government shall be guaranteed, in
accordance with the constitution of each member republic.
Article 7
(1) Within its competencies, a member republic may maintain
relations with foreign states, establish its own missions in other
states, and join international organizations.
(2) Within its competencies, a member republic may conclude
international agreements, but not to the detriment of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia or any of its other member republics.
Article 8
(1) In the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, power shall be
vested in the citizens.
(2) Citizens shall exercise power directly and through freely
elected representatives.
Article 9
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be founded on the
rule of law.
(2) Laws must be in conformity with the Constitution.
(3) Executive and judicial powers shall be subject to law.
(4) The rights and freedoms of man and the citizen shall be
restricted only by the equal rights and freedoms of others and in
instances provided for in the present Constitution.
Article 10
The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall recognize and
guarantee the rights an freedoms of man and the citizen
recognized under international law.
Article 11
The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall recognize and
guarantee the rights of national minorities to preserve, foster
and express their ethnic, cultural, linguistic and other
peculiarities, as well as to use their national symbols, in
accordance with international law.
Article 12
Authority in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be
organized on the principle of the separation of powers between
the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
Article 13
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall constitute a single
economic area having a single market.
(2) In the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, economic activities
shall be pursued according to the principles of a market
economy.
Article 14
Political pluralism shall be the prerequisite and guarantee for
the democratic political order in the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia.
Article 15
(1) In the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Serbian language
in its ekavian and ijekavian dialects and the Cyrillic script shall
be official, while the Latin script shall be in official use as
provided for by the Constitution and law.
(2) In regions of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia inhabited
by national minorities, the languages and scripts of these
minorities shall also be in official use in the manner prescribed
by law.
Article 16
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall fulfill in good
faith the obligations contained in international treaties to which
it is a contracting party.
(2) International treaties which have been ratified and
promulgated in conformity with the present Constitution and
generally accepted rules of international law shall be a
constituent part of the internal legal order.
Article 17
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall confer Yugoslav
citizenship on its inhabitants.
(2) A Yugoslav citizen shall be simultaneously a citizen of one
of its member republics.
(3) A Yugoslav citizen may not be deprived of his citizenship,
deported from the country, or extradited to another state.
(4) A Yugoslav citizen abroad shall enjoy the protection of the
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(5) Yugoslav citizenship shall be regulated by federal law.
Article 18
(1) Church and state shall be separate.
(2) Churches shall be free and equal in conducting religious
affairs and in the performance of religious rites.
Section II Freedoms, Rights, and Duties of Mand and the Citizen
Article 19
The freedoms, rights and duties of man and the citizen which
ensure the equality of people and citizens in the Republic of
Yugoslavia shall be laid down by the present Constitution.
Article 20
(1) Citizens shall be equal irrespective of their nationality, race,
sex, language, faith, political or other beliefs, education, social
origin, property, or other personal status.
(2) Everyone shall be equal before the law.
(3) Each person shall be duty bound to respect the rights and
freedoms of others and shall be held responsible for it.
Article 21
(1) Human life shall be inviolable.
(2) Criminal offenses prescribed by federal legislation may not
carry the death penalty.
Article 22
(1) The inviolability of the physical and psychological integrity
of the individual, his privacy and personal rights shall be
guaranteed.
(2) The personal dignity and security of individuals shall be
guaranteed.
Article 23
(1) Every individual shall have the right of personal freedom.
(2) No one may be deprived of his liberty except in cases and
according to the procedure laid down by federal law.
(3) Every person taken into custody must be informed
immediately in his mother tongue or in a language which he
understands of the reasons for his arrest, and he shall be
entitled to demand that the authorities inform his next of kin of
his detention.
(4) The detained person must promptly be informed of his right
to remain silent.
(5) The detained person shall be entitled to choose his own
defense counsel.
(6) Illegal arrests shall be a punishable offense.
Article 24
(1) A person suspected of having committed a criminal offense
may be taken into custody and detained by order of a competent
court only when it is necessary for the conduct of criminal
proceedings.
(2) The detained person must be given an explanation for his
arrest of arrest. The suspect shall have the right of appeal,
which must be decided on by the court within 48 hours.
(3) The length of detention must be of the shortest possible
duration.
(4) The detention ordered by a first instance court may not
exceed three months from the day of arrest. This time limit may
be extended for a further three months by order of a higher
court. If by the end of this period charges have not been
brought, the suspect shall be released.
Article 25
(1) Respect for the human personality and dignity in criminal
and all other proceeding in the event of detention or restriction
of freedom, as well as during the serving of a prison sentence,
shall be guaranteed.
(2) The use of force against a suspect who has been detained or
whose freedom has been restricted, as well as any forcible
extraction of confessions or statements, shall be prohibited and
punishable.
(3) No one may be subjected to torture, or to degrading
treatment or punishment.
(4) Medical and other scientific experimentation may not be
carried out on an individual without his consent.
Article 26
(1) Every person shall be entitled to equal protection of his
rights in a legally prescribed procedure.
(2) Everyone shall be guaranteed the right of appeal or resort to
other legal remedies against a decision which infringes a right
or legally founded interest.
Article 27
(1) No one may be punished for an act which did not constitute
a penal offense under law or by-law at the time it was
committed, nor may punishment be inflicted which was not
envisaged for the offense in question.
(2) Criminal offenses and criminal sanctions shall be determined
by statute.
(3) Everyone charged with a criminal offense shall have the
right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty under a valid
decision of the court.
(4) A wrongfully convicted or wrongfully detained person shall
be entitled to rehabilitation and to compensation for damages
from the state, and to other rights as envisaged by federal law.
Article 28
No one may be tried or punished a second time for an offense
for which the proceedings against him had been legally
suspended or the charges rejected or for which he had been
convicted or acquitted by a court decision.
Article 29
(1) Every person shall be guaranteed the right to defend himself
and the right to engage a defense counsel before the court of
other body authorized to conduct proceedings.
(2) No one being tried before a court or other body authorized
to conduct proceedings may be punished without being granted
a hearing and allowed to defend himself, in accordance with
federal statute.
(3) Every person shall be entitled to have a defense counsel of
his choice present at his hearing.
(4) The cases when a suspect must be given legal assistance
shall be spelled out by federal law.
Article 30
(1) Citizen shall be guaranteed freedom of movement and
residence and the right to leave and return to the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia.
(2) The freedom of movement and residence and the right to
leave the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia may be restricted by
federal statute, if so required for criminal proceedings, to
prevent the spread of contagious diseases, or for the defense of
the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Article 31
(1) The home shall be inviolable.
(2) Federal statute may prescribe that a person acting in an
official capacity. and possessed of a court warrant, may enter a
dwelling or other premises against the will of their tenants and
carry out a search.
(3) The search must be held in the presence of two witnesses.
(4) In the manner laid down by federal law, an authorized
official may enter a dwelling or other premises without a court
warrant and carry out a search without the presence of
witnesses if so required to apprehend the perpetrator of a
criminal offense or to save human lives and property.
Article 32
(1) Privacy of the mail and of other means of communication
shall be inviolable.
(2) Federal statute may prescribe that, under a court decision,
the principle of inviolability of privacy of the mail and other
means of communication may be put in abeyance if so required
for the purposes of criminal proceedings, or for the defense of
the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Article 33
(1) Protection of the secrecy of personal data shall be
guaranteed.
(2) The use of personal data for purposes other than those for
which they were compiled shall be prohibited.
(3) Everyone shall have the right of access to personal data
concerning himself as well as the right of court protection in the
event of their abuse.
(4) The collection, processing, utilization and protection of
personal data shall be regulated by federal statute.
Article 34
A Yugoslav citizen who has reached the age of 18 shall be
entitled to vote and to be elected to public office.
Article 35
Freedom of confession, conscience, thought and public
expression of opinion shall be guaranteed.
Article 36
(1) Freedom of the press and other forms of public information
shall be guaranteed.
(2) Citizens shall have the right to express and publish their
opinions in the mass media.
(3) The publication of newspapers and public dissemination of
information by other media shall be accessible to all, without
prior approval, after registration with the competent authorities.
(4) Radio and television stations shall be set up in accordance
with the law.
Article 37
(1) The right to have published false information which violates
someone's rights or interests corrected shall be guaranteed.
Entitlement to compensation for damages arising therefrom,
shall be guaranteed.
(2) The right of reply in the public media shall be guaranteed.
Article 38
(1) Censorship of the press and of other forms of public
information shall be prohibited.
(2) No one may prevent the distribution of the press or
dissemination of other publications, unless it has been
determined by a court decision that they call for the violent
overthrow of the constitutional order or violation of the
territorial integrity of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
violate the guaranteed rights and liberties of man and the
citizen, or foment national, racial or religious intolerance and
hatred.
Article 39
Freedom of speech and public appearance shall be guaranteed.
Article 40
(1) Citizens shall be guaranteed the freedom of assembly and
other peaceful gathering, without the requirement of a permit,
subject to prior notification of the authorities.
(2) Freedom of assembly and other peaceful gathering of citizen
may be provisionally restricted by a decision of the competent
authorities, in order to obviate a threat to public health or
morals or for the protection of the safety of human lives and
property.
Article 41
(1) The freedom of political, trade-union and other association
and activities shall be guaranteed, without the requirement of a
permit, subject to registration with the competent authorities.
(2) Sources of revenue of political parties shall be open to
public scrutiny.
(3) Trade unions shall be set up to protect the rights and
promote the professional and economic interests of their
members.
Article 42
(1) Activities of political, trade-union, and other organizations
aimed at the violent overthrow of the constitutional order,
violation of the territorial integrity of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia, violation of the guaranteed rights and liberties of
man and the citizen, or the incitement of national, racial,
religious or other intolerance and hatred shall be prohibited.
(2) The founding of secret societies and paramilitary groups
shall be prohibited.
(3) Professional members of the armed forces and police force
of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia may not organize in
trade unions.
(4) Justices of the Federal Constitutional Court and the Federal
Court, the Federal Public Prosecutor, professional members of
the armed forces and police force of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia may not belong to political parties.
Article 43
(1) Freedom of religion, public or private profession of
religion, and performance of religious rites shall be guaranteed.
(2) No one shall be obliged to reveal his religious beliefs.
Article 44
(1) Citizens shall have the right publicly to criticize the work of
government and other agencies and organizations and officials,
to submit representations, petitions and proposals and to receive
an answer if so requested.
(2) Citizens may not be called to account or bear any other
consequences for opinions expressed in the course of public
criticism or in a submitted representation, petition or proposal,
unless they have thereby committed a criminal offense.
Article 45
(1) Freedom of the expression of national sentiments and
culture and the use of one's mother tongue and script shall be
guaranteed.
(2) No one shall be obliged to declare his nationality.
Article 46
(1) Members of national minorities shall have the right to
education in their own language, in conformity with the law.
(2) Members of national minorities shall have the right to
information media in their own language.
Article 47
Member of national minorities shall have the right to establish
educational and cultural organizations or associations, in
conformity with the law, which are financed on the principle of
voluntary contributions, and may also receive assistance from
the state.
Article 48
Members of national minorities shall be guaranteed the right to
establish and foster unhindered relations with co-nationals
within the Republic of Yugoslavia and outside its borders with
co-nationals in other states, and to take part in international
non-governmental organizations, provided these relations are
not detrimental to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or to a
member republic.
Article 49
Everyone shall be guaranteed the right to use his own language
in proceedings before a tribunal or other authority or
organization which in the performance of their public powers
decide on his rights and duties and in the course of these
proceedings to be informed of the facts in hi own language.
Article 50
Any incitement or encouragement of national, racial, religious
or other inequality as well as the incitement and fomenting of
national, racial, religious or other hatred and intolerance shall
be unconstitutional and punishable.
Article 51
The right to own property and the right of inheritance shall be
guaranteed, in conformity with the Constitution and law.
Article 52
(1) Man shall be entitled to a healthy environment and timely
information about its condition.
(2) It is everyone's duty to protect the human environment and
make use of it in a rational manner.
(3) The state shall be charged with maintaining a healthy human
environment and to this end shall prescribe the conditions and
manner of the performance of economic and other activities.
Article 53
(1) Freedom of creativity and publication of scholarly and
artistic works, scientific discoveries and technical inventions
shall be guaranteed, and their authors shall be guaranteed the
intellectual property and material rights arising therefrom.
(2) The manner of exercising and protecting intellectual
property rights and the rights of the organizations under whose
sponsorship these works were produced shall be regulated by
federal statute.
Article 54
(1) Free choice of occupation and employment shall be
guaranteed.
(2) Employed persons may have their labor contracts terminated
against their will, under conditions and in the manner stipulated
by law and collective agreements.
(3) Forced labor shall be prohibited.
Article 55
(1) Employed persons shall be entitled to commensurate
remuneration.
(2) The right to unemployment insurance benefits during
temporary unemployment shall be guaranteed, in conformity
with federal law.
Article 56
(1) Employed persons shall be entitled to limited working
hours, to a daily and weekly rest period, and to paid holidays
and leave of absence, in conformity with the law and/or
collective agreement.
(2) Employees shall have the right to job safety protection, in
accordance with the law.
(3) Young persons, women, and disabled persons shall have
special protection on the job, in accordance with the law.
Article 57
(1) Employed persons shall have the right to strike in order to
protect their professional and economic interests, in conformity
with federal law.
(2) The right of industrial action may be restricted by federal
statute if so required by the nature of the activity concerned or
the public interest.
(3) Civil servants and professional members of the armed forces
and police force shall not have the right to strike.
Article 58
(1) Under a compulsory insurance scheme, employed persons
and their family members shall benefit from all types of social
security in conformity with the law.
(2) The state shall provide social welfare for citizens unable to
work and without a livelihood, as well as for citizens without
the means of subsistence, in conformity with the law.
Article 59
Disabled persons shall be guaranteed special protection, in
conformity with the law.
Article 60
(1) Everyone shall be entitled to health care, in accordance with
the law.
(2) Children, expectant mothers and the elderly shall be entitled
to publicly financed health care, if they are not covered by
another insurance program, while other persons shall receive
such care under the conditions stipulated by law.
Article 61
(1) The family, mothers and children shall enjoy special
protection.
(2) Children born out of wedlock shall have the same rights and
duties as children born in wedlock.
Article 62
(1) Education shall be accessible to all, under equal conditions.
(2) Primary education shall be free and compulsory, in
conformity with the law.
Article 63
Defense of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be the
right and duty of every citizen.
Article 64
Everyone shall be obliged to pay taxes and other levies as
established by law.
Article 65
(1) Everyone shall be obliged to observe the Constitution and
law and other regulations and general enactments.
(2) Everyone shall be obliged to perform public office in an
honorable and responsible manner.
Article 66
(1) Aliens in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall enjoy the
freedoms and the rights and duties laid down in the
Constitution, federal law, and international treaties.
(2) An alien may be extradited to another state only in cases
provided for under international treaties which are binding on
the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(3) The right of asylum shall be guaranteed to foreign citizens
and stateless persons who are being persecuted for their
advocacy of democratic views of for participation in movements
for social or national liberation, for the freedom and rights of
the human personality, or for scientific or artistic freedom.
Article 67
(1) The rights and freedoms of man and the citizen shall be
exercised and duties fulfilled in conformity with the
Constitution.
(2) The manner in which various rights and freedoms of man
and the citizen are to be exercised may be prescribed by law
when so provided for by the Constitution or when necessary for
their implementation.
(3) Abuse of the rights and freedoms of man and the citizen
shall be unconstitutional and punishable.
(4) The rights and freedoms recognized and guaranteed by the
present Constitution shall enjoy the protection of the courts.
Article 68
Citizens and artificial persons shall be provided with legal
assistance by attorneys at law as an autonomous and
independent activity, in conformity with the law.
Section III Economic Order
Article 69
(1) The freedom to work and engage in economic activities
shall be guaranteed.
(2) Property shall be inviolable.
(3) No one may be deprived of his property, nor may it be
restricted, except when so required by the public interest, as
determined by law, subject to fair compensation which may not
be below its market value.
Article 70
(1) An alien may acquire property rights and the right to engage
in business on terms of reciprocity, in accordance with federal
statute.
(2) An alien or stateless person may not acquire ownership of
immovable property of cultural significance.
(3) A stateless person may not acquire property rights to land,
and an alien may acquire property rights to land on terms of
reciprocity, in conformity with the law.
Article 71
An enterprise and other artificial person may engage in
activities and invest capital abroad under the conditions laid
down by federal statute.
Article 72
Ownership of real estate shall be enjoyed depending on the
nature and purpose of the real estate in question, in accordance
with federal statute.
Article 73
(1) Natural resources shall be owned by the state.
(2) Agricultural land may be privately owned or subject to other
types of property rights.
(3) Forests and timberland may be privately owned or subject to
other types of property rights, within the limits prescribed by
law.
(4) Some property in the public domain and municipal building
sites may be in private and other forms of ownership, in
accordance with the law.
(5) Real estate and other property utilized by federal organs and
organizations, the organs and organizations of member
republics and local authorities and organizations performing
public services shall be state owned, and the status and rights of
these organs and organizations as regards the disposition of
these assets and their utilization shall be regulated by statute.
Article 74
(1) Enterprises and other manufacturing and service
organizations shall be founded, organized and merged freely
and autonomously, in conformity with federal statute.
(2) Economic agents shall be independent and equal, and the
terms of business shall be the same for all.
(3) Any act or activity creating or encouraging a monopoly or
restricting, free trade in any other way shall be unconstitutional.
Article 75
In time of war, an imminent threat of war, or any other
emergency, the law may introduce restrictions on the
disposition of a portion of the assets owned by artificial and
natural persons, for the duration of the state of emergency, or it
may impose a special regime for their utilization.
Article 76
(1) Funds for the financing of the activities falling within the
jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall be
apportioned from the federal budget.
(2) Revenues for the federal budget shall be raised from
customs duties, a portion of sales tax revenues, and other
sources, in accordance with federal statute.
Section IV Jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Article 77
Through its organs, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall
formulate policy, enact and enforce federal legislation, other
laws and general enactments, and ensure judicial protection in
matters concerning:
1) the freedoms, rights and duties of man and the citizen,
enshrined in the present Constitution; due process of law before
courts and other state authorities; responsibility and sanctions
for violation of the freedoms, rights and duties of man and the
citizen as laid down by the present Constitution, and for
violation of federal statutes, other laws and general enactments;
amnesty and pardom for federal statutory criminal offenses;
2) the single market; the legal status of enterprises and other
economic agents; the monetary, banking, foreign exchange,
foreign trade and customs regimes; the system of credit
relationships with foreign countries, the basic principles of the
fiscal system;
3) the development of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
scientific and technological advances, regional development and
efforts to close the developmental gap between different
regions;
4) technical and technological systems and communications; the
principles of environmental protection; the regime of the
atmosphere and watercourses of national interest and
international waters; the regime of territorial waters, with
reference to the international relations of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia; navigation on waters under an international or
intergovernmental regime of navigation;
5) safety in all types of transportation, contractual relations and
the principles of the system of property relations, the principles
of social security and labor relations;
6) international relations; border crossing and control of the
circulation of goods, services and passengers across the border;
the status of aliens and foreign artificial persons;
7) the defense and security of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia;
8) protection of human life and health against contagious
diseases which threaten the country as a whole; manufacture
and sale of medicaments; protection of animals against
contagious diseases and protection of plants against diseases and
pests which threaten the country as a whole; sales of plant and
animal protection chemicals, and control of animals and plants
crossing state frontiers; genetic material in agriculture and
forestry; protection against ionizing radiation; production, sales
and transport of weapons and of toxic, inflammable, explosive,
radioactive and other dangerous substances;
9) the financing of the competencies of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia as laid down by the present Constitution;
10) the organization and work of the organs of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia;
11) national holidays and decorations bestowed by the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia;
12) other spheres as laid down by the present Constitution.
Section V Ogans of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Title 1 Federal Assembly
Article 78
The Federal Assembly shall:
1) decide on the Constitution of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia;
2) decide on admission of other states as member republics into
the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; decide on association with
other states and on membership in international organizations;
3) decide on alterations to the frontiers of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia; decide on war and peace; declare a state of war,
a state of imminent threat of war, and state of emergency;
4) adopt federal statutes, other laws and general enactment's;
approve the federal budget and final balance sheet; ratify
international treaties falling within the jurisdiction of the
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia;
5) oversee the work of the federal government and other federal
organs and the officials answerable to the Federal Assembly, in
conformity with the present Constitution and federal law;
6) grant amnesty for federal statutory criminal offense;
7) appoint and dismiss: the President of the Republic; the
federal prime minister; justices of the Federal Constitutional
Court: justices of the Federal Court; the governor of the
National Bank of Yugoslavia, and other federal officials
stipulated by federal statute,
8) perform other duties as established by the present
Constitution.
Article 79
The Federal Assembly may regulate other matters by federal
law which do not fall within the jurisdiction of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, at the joint proposal of the member
republics.
Article 80
(1) The Federal Assembly shall be composed of the Chamber of
Citizens and the Chamber of Republics.
(2) The Chamber of Citizens shall be made up of federal
deputies elected in the member republics in direct elections by
secret ballot, one federal deputy being elected for every 65,000
voters, each member republic to have no fewer than 30 federal
deputies.
(3) The Chamber or Republics shall be made up of 20 federal
deputies form each member republic.
Article 81
(1) Federal deputies shall be elected for four-year terms.
(2) The election and termination of the mandates of federal
deputies in the Chamber of Citizens of the Federal Assembly
shall be regulated by federal law, while the election and
termination of the mandates of federal deputies in the Chamber
of Republics of the Federal Assembly shall be regulated by the
laws of each member republic.
Article 82
(1) The mandates of deputies in the Federal Assembly shall be
terminated if within three months of the beginning of the
procedure a federal government is not elected or if within this
time limit the federal budget is not approved, as well as in other
cases specified in the present Constitution.
(2) The termination of the mandate of the Federal Assembly
shall come into effect following the decree of the President of
the Republic.
Article 83
(1) The Federal Assembly shall be dissolved at the request of
the federal government.
(2) The federal government may not dissolve the Federal
Assembly if the procedure for a vote of confidence in the
federal government has been initiated.
(3) Dissolution of the Federal Assembly shall come into effect
following the decree of the President of the Republic.
Article 84
(1) In the event of the termination of its mandate or dissolution,
elections for the Federal Assembly shall be held within 60 days
of the day of termination of the mandate of the Federal
Assembly or its dissolution.
(2) The mandate of the federal government shall also be
terminated with the termination of the mandate or dissolution of
the Federal Assembly.
Article 85
(1) The Federal Assembly may not be dissolved in the first or
last six months office term, during a state of war, imminent
threat of war, or state of emergency.
(2) In the event of a state of war, imminent threat of war, or
state emergency, the Federal Assembly may decide to prolong
the terms of the federal deputies, so long as such a state of
emergency lasts, or until conditions are created for the election
of federal deputies.
(3) Election of new federal deputies shall be undertaken as soon
as the situation because of which the term of federal deputies
was prolonged is over.
Article 86
(1) Federal deputies to the Chamber of Citizens of the Federal
Assembly shall represent the citizens of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia, while federal deputies to the Camber of Republics
of the Federal Assembly shall represent the member republic
form which they were elected.
(2) A federal deputy to the Chamber of Citizens shall take
positions and vote according to his conscience.
(3) A federal deputy to the Chamber of Citizens may not be
recalled.
Article 87
(1) A federal deputy shall enjoy immunity.
(2) A federal deputy may not be convicted, incarcerated or
punished for expressing an opinion or for his voting in the
Federal Assembly.
(3) A federal deputy may not be detained without the consent of
the Federal Assembly chamber of which he is a member, unless
caught in the act of committing a criminal offense carrying a
prison sentence of more than five years.
(4) Criminal or other proceedings for an offense carrying a
sentence of imprisonment may not be brought against a federal
deputy who claims immunity, without the consent of the
Federal Assembly chamber of which he is a member.
(5) The Federal Assembly chamber whose federal deputy has
not claimed immunity may decide, when it deems necessary,
that he should avail himself of this immunity.
Article 88
(1) The Chamber of Citizens and Chamber of Republics of the
Federal Assembly shall elect their president and vice-president
form the ranks of the deputies.
(2) The president of a chamber shall represent the camber,
direct the work of the chamber and perform other duties as laid
down by federal statute and the chambers rules of procedure.
(3) Both chambers shall adopt rules of procedure regulating
their work and organization.
Article 89
(1) The Federal Assembly shall sit in regular and extraordinary
sessions of the chambers.
(2) Regular sessions shall be held without convocation twice a
year, in accordance with the chambers rules of procedure.
(3) The first regular session shall begin on the first weekday in
February, and the second on the first weekday in September.
(4) Extraordinary sessions shall be held at the request of not
less than one third of the number of federal deputies of a
chamber or at the request of the federal government, with a
previously fixed agenda.
Article 90
(1) Both chambers shall decide concurrently on questions within
the jurisdiction of the Federal Assembly, by a majority of
voters of the federal deputies in each of the two chambers,
unless other provision in made by the present Constitution.
(2) Federal statutes regulating: the flag, coat-of-arms or national
anthem; election of federal deputies for the Chamber of
Citizens; election of the President of the Republic; the Federal
Court; the Federal Public Prosecutor; organization of the
Federal Constitutional Court, the proceedings before this court
and the legal effect of its decisions shall be adopted in the
Federal Assembly by a two-third majority of votes of all the
federal deputies in each of the two cambers.
(3) At the request of the assembly of a member republic, the
Federal Assembly shall vote on questions enumerated in Article
77, items 2, 3, and 4, of the present Constitution by a two-
thirds majority of votes of all the federal deputies in the
Chamber of Republics and by a majority vote of all the federal
deputies in the Chamber of Citizens.
Article 91
(1) When a bill for a federal statute, other law or general
enactment has not been passed in both chambers in its identical
text, the chambers shall set up a commission of five federal
deputies from each chamber to harmonize the text.
(2) Both chambers shall vote on the commissions draft, in
conformity with the present Constitution.
Article 92
(1) If the commission fails to harmonize the text of the bill
within one month, or if the chambers do not accept the
harmonized text of the bill, the text approved in the Chamber of
Citizens shall be temporarily adopted, and if it is a federal law
regulating the areas enumerated in items 2, 3, and 4 of Article
77 of the present Constitution, the text adopted in the Chamber
or Republics shall be provisionally enforced.
(2) The provisionally enforced federal statute shall remain in
force until its final adoption in both chambers, but no longer
than one year from the beginning of its application.
Article 93
If during its temporary enforcement the federal statute is not
adopted in both chambers, in accordance with the present
Constitution, the mandate of the Federal Assembly shall be
terminated.
Article 94
If the federal budget is not approved by the beginning of the
fiscal year, the functions of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
shall be provisionally financed under the federal budget of the
pervious year, until such time as the new federal budget is
approved.
Article 95
(1) A bill for a federal statute, other law or general enactment
may be introduced by the federal government, a federal deputy
in each Federal Assembly chamber, or not less than 30,000
voters.
(2) The National Bank of Yugoslavia also has the right to
introduce a bill for a federal statute, other law or general
enactment concerning the monetary, foreign exchange and
credit systems.
Title 2 President of the Republic
Article 96
The President of the Republic shall:
1) represent the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia at home and
abroad;
2) promulgate federal laws by decree; issue instruments of
rectification of international treaties;
3) nominate a candidate for prime minister of the federal
government, after having heard the opinions of spokesmen for
the parliamentary groups in the Federal Assembly;
4) recommend to the Federal Assembly candidates for
appointment as justices of the Federal Constitutional Court,
justices of the National Bank of Yugoslavia, after having
obtained the opinion of the presidents of the member republics;
5) call elections for the Federal Assembly;
6) appoint and recall b decree ambassadors of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, pursuant to the recommendations of the
federal government; receive the letters of credence of foreign
diplomatic envoys;
7) confer decorations and hones of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia, as provided for by federal statute;
8) grant pardons for federal statutory criminal offenses;
9) perform other functions as envisaged by the present
Constitution.
Article 97
(1) The President of the Republic shall be elected by the
Federal Assembly for a four-year term of office, by secret
ballot.
(2) The same individual may not be reelected President of the
Republic for a second term.
(3) As a rule, the President of the Republic and the federal
prime minister may not be form the same member republic.
(4) The President of the Republic may not hold other public
office or engage in professional activities.
(5) The President of the Republic shall enjoy the same
immunity as a federal deputy.
(6) The Federal Assembly shall determine the immunity of the
President of the Republic.
(7) The President of the Republic may only be dismissed it the
Federal Assembly ascertains that he has violated the
Constitution.
Article 98
(1) The President of the Republic may resign from his office.
(2) The mandate of the President of the Republic shall be
terminated on the day he submits his resignation or is
dismissed.
(3) It the event of termination of the mandate of the President
of the Republic, until the election of a new President of the
Republic, or in the event of temporary inability of the President
of the Republic to carry out his duties, these duties shall be
performed by the president of the Chamber of Republics of the
Federal Assembly.
(4) The procedure for the election and dismissal of the
President of the Republic shall be determined by federal law.
Title 3 Federal Government
Article 99
The federal government shall:
1) formulate and conduct domestic and foreign policy and
enforce federal statutes, other laws and general enactment's;
2) foster relations between the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
and other states and international organizations;
3) introduce bills for federal statutes, other laws and general
enactment's;
4) adopt decrees, resolutions, and other legislation for the
enforcement of federal statutes and other laws and general
enactment's of the Federal Assembly;
5) gives its opinion on bills for federal statutes, other laws and
general enactment's introduced by another authorized sponsor in
the Federal Assembly;
6) create and abolish federal ministries and other federal
agencies and organizations and determine their organization and
competencies;
7) direct and coordinate the work of federal ministries and other
federal agencies and organizations and annual or abrogate their
enactment's;
8) elect and dismiss officials in the federal ministries and other
federal agencies and organizations;
9) call for a general mobilization and organize defense
preparations;
10) proclaim an imminent threat of war, state of war, or
emergency when the Federal Assembly is not able to convene,
subject to the opinion of the President of the Republic and
presidents of the Federal Assembly chambers;
11) adopt measures regulating matters within the jurisdiction of
the Federal Assembly when the Assembly is not able to meet,
during a state of war, imminent threat of war, or state of
emergency, after having sought the opinion of the presidents of
the Federal Assembly cambers. Enactments adopted during a
state of war may throughout the duration of the state of war
restrict various rights and freedoms of man and the citizen,
except those listed in Articles 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 35
and 43 of the present Constitution. The federal government
shall be obliged to seek the approval of the Federal Assembly
for these measures as soon as it is able to convene;
12) regulate its own organization, methods of work and
decision-making;
13) perform other duties as laid down by the present
Constitution.
Article 100
(1) The federal government shall be made up of a prime
minister, deputy prime minister, and federal ministers.
(2) The federal government shall be formed for a four-year
term.
(3) A member of the federal government may not hold any
other public office or engage in any professional activities.
(4) A member of the federal government shall enjoy the same
immunity as a federal deputy.
(5) The federal government shall determine the immunity of
members of the federal government.
Article 101
(1) The federal government shall be formed after the election of
the Federal Assembly.
(2) The nominee for prime minister of the federal government
shall appear before the Federal Assembly to present his
program and announce the composition of the federal
government.
(3) The federal government shall be considered formed when
the Federal Assembly elects the prime minister of the federal
government by majority vote of all the federal deputies in each
of the two cambers, by secret ballot.
Article 102
(1) The federal Prime Minister shall direct the work of the
federal government.
(2) The federal Prime Minister schallinform the Federal
Assembly about changes in the composition of his government.
Article 103
(1) The federal prime Minister shall be responsible to the
Federal Assembly for his work and for the work of the federal
government.
(2) The federal government shall be responsible for the work of
its organs and federal ministers.
(3) The federal Prime Minister may put his government to a
vote of confidence in the Federal Assembly.
(4) Failure to win the vote of confidence shall terminate the
mandate of the federal government.
Article 104
(1) The Federal Assembly may vote no confidence in the
federal government.
(2) The initiative for a vote of confidence may be submitted by
no fewer than 20 federal deputies of one camber of the Federal
Assembly.
(3) A vote of confidence may be held no sooner than three days
after the proposal for such a vote was submitted.
(4) A majority of votes of the total number of federal deputies
in each of the two chambers shall be required for a vote of no
confidence in the federal government.
(5) A vote of no confidence shall terminate the mandate of the
federal government.
Article 105
(1) The federal Prime Minister may submit his resignation to
the Federal Assembly.
(2) Resignation of the federal Prime Minister shall automatically
terminate the mandate of the entire federal government.
Article 106
A federal government whose mandate has been terminated shall
continue performing its duties until the formation of a new
federal government.
Article 107
(1) The federal ministries shall enforce federal statutes, other
laws and general enactments passed by the Federal Assembly
and federal government; shall adjudicate in administrative
matters, carry out administrative supervision, and perform other
administrative affairs as prescribed by federal law.
(2) The federal minister at the head of a federal ministry shall
be responsible for the work of his ministry.
Title 4 Federal Court
Article 108
The Federal Court shall:
1) act as a court of the highest instance, as stipulated under
federal law; decide on appeals against rulings by courts of the
member republics in cases concerning enforcement of federal
statutes;
2) decide on property suits between member republic, as well
as between the Republic of Yugoslavia and member republics;
3) determine the legality of administrative regulations adopted
by federal authorities;
4) decide on conflicts of jurisdiction between courts of two
member republics as well as between military tribunals and
other courts;
5) lay down the principles governing the uniform enforcement
of federal statutes, other federal laws and general enactments by
the courts;
6) perform other duties for which it has been empowered by the
present Constitution and federal law.
Article 109
(1) The justices of the Federal Court shall be appointed and
dismissed by the Federal Assembly.
(2) Justices of Federal Court shall be appointed for nine year
terms.
(3) The justices of the Federal Court shall select one of their
members to act as president of the Federal Court.
(4) A justice of the Federal Court shall enjoy the same
immunity as a federal deputy.
(5) The Federal Court shall determine the immunity of one of
its justices.
(6) A justice of the Federal Court may not hold any other
public office or engage in any other professional activity.
(7) A federal statute shall be adopted regulating the Federal
Court.
Article 110
(1) The judicial powers of a justice of the Federal Court may
cease before the end of his term of office; if he requests to be
relieved of his duties, if he meets the requirements for
retirement as established by federal law, or if he receives a
prison sentence.
(2) A justice of the Federal Court may be dismissed before the
expire of his mandate: if he is convicted of a penal offense
which renders him unfit to carry out judicial functions; if he has
performed his judicial duties in an incompetent or
unconscientious manner, or if he becomes permanently
incapacitated for the performance of his judicial duties.
(3) In conformity with federal law, the Federal Court shall
determine the existence of cause for terminating the mandate of
a justice of the Federal Court, or for dismissing a justice, and
shall inform the Federal Assembly accordingly.
Title 5 Federal Public Prosecutor
Article 111
(1) The Federal Public Prosecutor shall apply legal remedies for
which he is empowered by federal statute in maters within the
jurisdiction of the Federal Court and shall perform other duties
as provided for by federal law.
(2) The Federal Public Prosecutor shall give mandatory
instructions to public prosecutors in the member republics and
may take over cases of criminal prosecution in matters in which
the criminal offenses and other penal offenses are established by
federal statute.
Article 112
(1) The Federal Public prosecutor shall be appointed and
dismissed by the Federal Assembly and shall serve a four-year
term of office.
(2) The Federal Public Prosecutor shall enjoy the same
immunity as a federal deputy.
(3) The Federal Assembly shall determine the immunity of the
Federal Public Prosecutor.
(4) The Federal Public Prosecutor may not hold any other
public office or engage in other professional activities.
Article 113
(1) The functions of the Federal Public Prosecutor shall cease
before the expire of his mandate: if he requests to be relieved
of his duties, if he meets the requirements for retirement as
established by federal law, or if he receives a prison sentence.
(2) The Federal Public Prosecutor may be dismissed before the
expire of his mandate; if he has been convicted of a penal
offense which renders him unfit to perform his functions; if he
has performed his duties in an incompetent or unconscientious
manner, or if he becomes permanently incapacitated for the
performance of his functions.
(3) The Federal Assembly, in accordance with federal law, shall
determine the existence of cause for terminating the mandate of
the Federal Public Prosecutor, or for his dismissal.
Title 6 National Bank of Yugoslavia
Article 114
(1) The National Bank of Yugoslavia shall be an independent
institution of the monetary system of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia and sole bank of primary issue, responsible for
monetary policy, the stability, of the currency and financial
discipline, and the performance of other functions as laid down
by federal law.
(2) The National Bank of Yugoslavia shall be directed by a
governor, who shall be responsible for its work.
(3) The governor of the National Bank of Yugoslavia shall be
appointed for a four-year term and may be reelected.
Section VI Constitutionality and Legality
Article 115
(1) The constitutions of the member republics, federal statutes,
the legislation of member republics and all other laws and
general enactments must be in conformity with the Constitution
of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
(2) Statutes, other laws and general enactments in a member
republic must be in conformity with federal law.
(3) Regulations and other general enactments adopted by federal
agencies must be in conformity with federal law.
Article 116
Statutes, other laws and general enactments shall come into
force on the eighth day from the day of publication, except
when for justified reasons, specified during their adoption,
provision is made for them to come into effect earlier.
Article 117
(1) Statutes, other laws and general enactment's may not have a
retroactive effect.
(2) Only certain provisions of statutes, if so required by the
public interest, as established when they are adopted, may have
retroactive effect.
Article 118
(1) Certain public powers may be legally delegated to an
enterprise or other organization.
(2) State agencies and organizations which perform public
functions may decide on the rights and obligations of natural
and artificial persons or, pursuant to the law, apply coercive or
restrictive measures only in a legally prescribed procedure.
Article 119
(1) An appeal may be made to the competent authority against
decisions and other rulings by judicial, administrative and other
state authorities, as well as against similar first instance
decisions by agencies and organizations performing public
powers.
(2) In special cases and by way of exception, the law may deny
the right of appeal, if due process of law has been secured in
some other manner.
Article 120
(1) The authorized court shall determine the legality of
administrative rulings in an administrative suit, unless some
other legal remedy has been provided for by the law.
(2) By way of exception, in certain types of administrative
cases, an administrative suit may be prohibited by law.
Article 121
Decisions, documents and other rulings issued by state agencies
and authorized organizations in a member republic shall have
the same validity throughout the entire territory of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia.
Article 122
(1) The work of federal agencies shall be open to the public.
(2) Public insight into the work of federal agencies may be
restricted or denied only in the cases specified by federal law.
Article 123
(1) Everyone shall be entitled to compensation for damages
sustained as a result of unlawful or improper actions of an
official or state agency or organization which exercises public
power, in conformity with the law.
(2) The state shall be obliged to pay compensation for damages.
(3) The injured party shall have the right, in accordance with
law, to demand compensation directly form the individual
responsible for the damage.
Section VII Federal Constitutional Court
Article 124
(1) The Federal Constitutional Court shall rule on:
1) the conformity of the constitutions of member republics with
the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia;
2) conformity of statutes, other laws and general enactment's
with the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and
with ratified and promulgated international treaties;
3) conformity of statutes and other laws and general
enactment's of the member republics with federal law;
4) conformity of other regulations and general enactment's of
federal agencies with federal law;
5) conformity of general enactment's of political parties and
associations of citizens with the present Constitution and federal
law;
6) complaints about a ruling or action violating the rights and
freedoms of man and the citizen enshrined in the present
Constitution;
7) a conflict of jurisdiction between federal and republican
authorities as well as between the authorities of member
republics;
8) prohibition of activities of political parties and other
associations of citizens;
9) violation of rights in the course of the election of federal
officials.
(2) The Federal Constitutional Court may decide on the
constitutionality and legality of acts which are no longer in
force, provided the time between the cessation of their validity
and initiation of proceedings does not exceed one year.
Article 125
(1) The Federal Constitutional Court shall be composed of
seven justices.
(2) A justice of the Federal Constitutional Court shall be
appointed for a nine-year term.
(3) The president of the Federal Constitutional Court shall be
elected by the justices form among their own ranks, by secret
ballot, for a term of three years.
(4) A justice of the Federal Constitutional Court may not hold
any other public office or engage in any professional activity.
(5) A justice of the Federal Constitutional Court shall enjoy the
same immunity as a federal deputy.
(6) The immunity of a Federal Constitutional Court justice shall
be decided on by the Federal Constitutional Court.
Article 126
(1) The functions of a justice of the Federal Constitutional
Court may cease before the end of the term for which he was
appointed if he requests to step down, if he fulfills the
requirements for retirement as laid down by federal law, or if
he receives a prison sentence.
(2) A justice of the Federal Constitutional Court shall be
dismissed if is found quietly of a penal offense which renders
him unfit to perform his duties of if he is permanently
incapacitated for the performance of the duties of justice of the
Federal Constitutional Court.
(3) The Federal Constitutional Court shall inform the Federal
Assembly and the President of the Republic of the causes for
the termination of office or dismissal of a justice form the
Federal Constitutional Court.
(4) The Federal Constitutional Court may decide that a justice
of the Court against whom there are criminal proceedings
should not carry out his duties for the duration of the
proceedings.
Article 127
(1) Anyone may sponsor an initiative for proceedings to
establish constitutionality and legality.
(2) Proceedings before the Federal Constitutional Court may be
initiated by government authorities or artificial persons if they
believe that a right or interest has been violated by an act whose
constitutionality and legality are in question.
(3) The Federal Constitutional Court may itself initiate
proceedings to assess constitutionality and legality.
Article 128
The Federal Constitutional Court shall decide on a complaint
when other legal remedies are not available.
Article 129
(1) The Federal Constitutional Court shall adopt decision by a
majority of votes of the justices.
(2) A ruling by the Federal Constitutional Court shall be
universally binding and effective.
(3) In the case of need, execution of a ruling by the Federal
Constitutional Court shall be carried out by the federal
government.
Article 130
(1) When the Federal Constitutional Court determines that there
is a discrepancy between given provisions of the constitution of
a member republic and the Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia, the said provisions of the constitution of the
member republic shall cease to be valid at the end of six
months from the day the discrepancy was found, if the
discrepancy has not been rectified within this time.
(2) When the Federal Constitutional Court determines that there
is a conflict between given provisions of statutes, other laws or
general enactments and the Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia or federal law, the said provisions of the statutes,
laws or general enactments shall cease to be in effect from the
day of publication of the ruling of the Federal Constitutional
Court.
Article 131
The organization, procedures and legal effect of rulings of the
Federal Constitutional Court shall be regulated by federal
statute.
Article 132
In the course of proceedings up until a final decision is handed
down, the Federal Constitutional Court may halt the execution
of a given act or measure taken on the strength of the law, and
other regulation or general enactment if irreparable harm is
liable to occur if it were to be carried into effect.
Section VIII Army of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Article 133
(1) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall have an Army to
defend its sovereignty, territory, independence and
constitutional order.
(2) The Army of Yugoslavia may be in the service of an
international organization, subject to the consent of the federal
government.
Article 134
(1) The Army of Yugoslavia shall be composed of Yugoslav
citizens.
(2) The Army of Yugoslavia shall be made up of a standing
army and reserve units.
(3) The standing army shall be composed of professional
soldiers and conscripts.
(4) A federal law shall be adopted regulating the Army of
Yugoslavia.
Article 135
(1) In wartime and peacetime, the Army of Yugoslavia shall be
under the command of the President of the Republic, pursuant
to decisions by the Supreme Defense Council.
(2) The Supreme Defense Council shall be made up of the
President of the Republic and presidents of the member
republics.
(3) The President of the Republic shall preside over the
Supreme Defense Council.
Article 136
The President of the Republic shall appoint, promote and
dismiss from service officers of the Army of Yugoslavia
stipulated by federal law; shall appoint and dismiss the
president, judges and judge assessors of military tribunals and
military prosecutors.
Article 137
(1) Compulsory military service shall be universal and
perfumed in the manner established by federal statute.
(2) A citizen who is a conscientious objector for religious or
other reasons and does not wish to fulfill his military obligation
under arms shall be permitted to serve in the Army of
Yugoslavia without bearing arms or in civilian service, in
accordance with federal law.
Article 138
(1) Military tribunals and military prosecutors shall be
established under federal statute.
(2) Military tribunals shall be independent and shall adjudicate
on the basis of federal legislation.
Section IX Amendments to the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Article 139
(1) Proposals for amendment of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia, with the exception of Articles 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 77,
140 and 141, may be submitted by a minimum number of
100,000 voters, at least 30 federal deputies from the Chamber
of Citizens, at least 20 federal deputies from the Chamber of
Republics, and by the federal government.
(2) Proposals to amend the Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia shall be decided upon by the chambers of the
Federal Assembly by a two-thirds majority of the federal
deputies in each of the two chambers.
(3) The act of amending the constitution of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia shall be adopted in both chambers of the Federal
Assembly by a two-thirds majority of the federal deputies in
each of the two chambers.
(4) If the act of amending the Constitution of Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia is not adopted, the same proposal may not be
resubmitted for one year from the day it failed to be passed.
Article 140
(1) Proposals to amend Article 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 77, 140 and 141
of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia may
be submitted by no fewer than 100,000 voters, or no fewer than
30 federal deputies of the Chamber of Citizens, or by the
federal government or assembly of a member republic.
(2) A proposal to amend the Constitution of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia shall be decided on by the Chamber of
Citizens of the Federal Assembly by a two-thirds majority.
(3) The Chamber of Citizens may decide to amend the
Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after the
assemblies of the member republics have approved the proposal
for amendment.
(4) If the proposal to amend the Constitution is not passed, the
same proposal may not be resubmitted within one year from the
day the proposal was rejected.
Article 141
(1) The draft act to amend Articles 1, 2, 3, 6, 77, 140 and 141
of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia shall
be decided on in the Chamber of Citizens of the Federal
Assembly by a two-thirds majority,.
(2) The amendment of the Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia shall be deemed to be accepted when the
assemblies of the member republics have approved the text
adopted by the Chamber of Citizens of the Federal Assembly.
(3) If the assembly of a member republic should fail to approve
the wording of the amendment of the Constitution as adopted by
the Chamber of Citizens, the rejected draft constitutional
amendment may not be placed on the Federal Assemblys
agenda within one year from the day the Chamber of Citizens
establishes the lack of consensus.
Article 142
Amendments to the Constitution of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia shall be promulgated by the Federal Assembly.
Section X Final Provisions
Article 143
(1) A Constitutional Law shall be adopted for the
implementation of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia.
(2) The Constitutional Law shall be promulgated and come into
effect concurrently with the Constitution of the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia.
Article 144
The present Constitution shall into force on the day of its
promulgation.