14 C.F.R. PART 27--AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT


TITLE 14--Aeronautics and Space

CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

SUBCHAPTER C--AIRCRAFT

PART 27--AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT

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Subpart A--GENERAL

�27.1
Applicability.
�27.2
Special retroactive requirements.
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Subpart B--FLIGHT

�27.21
Proof of compliance.
�27.25
Weight limits.
�27.27
Center of gravity limits.
�27.29
Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity.
�27.31
Removable ballast.
�27.33
Main rotor speed and pitch limits.
�27.45
General.
�27.51
Takeoff.
�27.65
Climb: all engines operating.
�27.67
Climb: one engine inoperative.
�27.71
Glide performance.
�27.73
Performance at minimum operating speed.
�27.75
Landing.
�27.79
Limiting height--speed envelope.
�27.141
General.
�27.143
Controllability and maneuverability.
�27.151
Flight controls.
�27.161
Trim control.
�27.171
Stability: general.
�27.173
Static longitudinal stability.
�27.175
Demonstration of static longitudinal stability.
�27.177
Static directional stability.
�27.231
General.
�27.235
Taxiing condition.
�27.239
Spray characteristics.
�27.241
Ground resonance.
�27.251
Vibration.
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Subpart C--STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS

�27.301
Loads.
�27.303
Factor of safety.
�27.305
Strength and deformation.
�27.307
Proof of structure.
�27.309
Design limitations.
�27.321
General.
�27.337
Limit maneuvering load factor.
�27.339
Resultant limit maneuvering loads.
�27.341
Gust loads.
�27.351
Yawing conditions.
�27.361
Engine torque.
�27.391
General.
�27.395
Control system.
�27.397
Limit pilot forces and torques.
�27.399
Dual control system.
�27.411
Ground clearance: tail rotor guard.
�27.427
Unsymmetrical loads.
�27.471
General.
�27.473
Ground loading conditions and assumptions.
�27.475
Tires and shock absorbers.
�27.477
Landing gear arrangement.
�27.479
Level landing conditions.
�27.481
Tail-down landing conditions.
�27.483
One-wheel landing conditions.
�27.485
Lateral drift landing conditions.
�27.493
Braked roll conditions.
�27.497
Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels.
�27.501
Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids.
�27.505
Ski landing conditions.
�27.521
Float landing conditions.
�27.547
Main rotor structure.
�27.549
Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures.
�27.561
General.
�27.562
Emergency landing dynamic conditions.
�27.563
Structural ditching provisions.
�27.571
Fatigue evaluation of flight structure.
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Subpart D--DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

�27.601
Design.
�27.602
Critical parts.
�27.603
Materials.
�27.605
Fabrication methods.
�27.607
Fasteners.
�27.609
Protection of structure.
�27.610
Lightning and static electricity protection.
�27.611
Inspection provisions.
�27.613
Material strength properties and design values.
�27.619
Special factors.
�27.621
Casting factors.
�27.623
Bearing factors.
�27.625
Fitting factors.
�27.629
Flutter.
�27.653
Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades.
�27.659
Mass balance.
�27.661
Rotor blade clearance.
�27.663
Ground resonance prevention means.
�27.671
General.
�27.672
Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems.
�27.673
Primary flight control.
�27.674
Interconnected controls.
�27.675
Stops.
�27.679
Control system locks.
�27.681
Limit load static tests.
�27.683
Operation tests.
�27.685
Control system details.
�27.687
Spring devices.
�27.691
Autorotation control mechanism.
�27.695
Power boost and power-operated control system.
�27.723
Shock absorption tests.
�27.725
Limit drop test.
�27.727
Reserve energy absorption drop test.
�27.729
Retracting mechanism.
�27.731
Wheels.
�27.733
Tires.
�27.735
Brakes.
�27.737
Skis.
�27.751
Main float buoyancy.
�27.753
Main float design.
�27.755
Hulls.
�27.771
Pilot compartment.
�27.773
Pilot compartment view.
�27.775
Windshields and windows.
�27.777
Cockpit controls.
�27.779
Motion and effect of cockpit controls.
�27.783
Doors.
�27.785
Seats, berths, litters, safety belts, and harnesses.
�27.787
Cargo and baggage compartments.
�27.801
Ditching.
�27.805
Flight crew emergency exits.
�27.807
Emergency exits.
�27.831
Ventilation.
�27.833
Heaters.
�27.853
Compartment interiors.
�27.855
Cargo and baggage compartments.
�27.859
Heating systems.
�27.861
Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts.
�27.863
Flammable fluid fire protection.
�27.865
External loads.
�27.871
Leveling marks.
�27.873
Ballast provisions.
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Subpart E--POWERPLANT

�27.901
Installation.
�27.903
Engines.
�27.907
Engine vibration.
�27.917
Design.
�27.921
Rotor brake.
�27.923
Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests.
�27.927
Additional tests.
�27.931
Shafting critical speed.
�27.935
Shafting joints.
�27.939
Turbine engine operating characteristics.
�27.951
General.
�27.952
Fuel system crash resistance.
�27.953
Fuel system independence.
�27.954
Fuel system lightning protection.
�27.955
Fuel flow.
�27.959
Unusable fuel supply.
�27.961
Fuel system hot weather operation.
�27.963
Fuel tanks: general.
�27.965
Fuel tank tests.
�27.967
Fuel tank installation.
�27.969
Fuel tank expansion space.
�27.971
Fuel tank sump.
�27.973
Fuel tank filler connection.
�27.975
Fuel tank vents.
�27.977
Fuel tank outlet.
�27.991
Fuel pumps.
�27.993
Fuel system lines and fittings.
�27.995
Fuel valves.
�27.997
Fuel strainer or filter.
�27.999
Fuel system drains.
�27.1011
Engines: General.
�27.1013
Oil tanks.
�27.1015
Oil tank tests.
�27.1017
Oil lines and fittings.
�27.1019
Oil strainer or filter.
�27.1021
Oil system drains.
�27.1027
Transmissions and gearboxes: General.
�27.1041
General.
�27.1043
Cooling tests.
�27.1045
Cooling test procedures.
�27.1091
Air induction.
�27.1093
Induction system icing protection.
�27.1121
General.
�27.1123
Exhaust piping.
�27.1141
Powerplant controls: general.
�27.1143
Engine controls.
�27.1145
Ignition switches.
�27.1147
Mixture controls.
�27.1151
Rotor brake controls.
�27.1163
Powerplant accessories.
�27.1183
Lines, fittings, and components.
�27.1185
Flammable fluids.
�27.1187
Ventilation and drainage.
�27.1189
Shutoff means.
�27.1191
Firewalls.
�27.1193
Cowling and engine compartment covering.
�27.1194
Other surfaces.
�27.1195
Fire detector systems.
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Subpart F--EQUIPMENT

�27.1301
Function and installation.
�27.1303
Flight and navigation instruments.
�27.1305
Powerplant instruments.
�27.1307
Miscellaneous equipment.
�27.1309
Equipment, systems, and installations.
�27.1321
Arrangement and visibility.
�27.1322
Warning, caution, and advisory lights.
�27.1323
Airspeed indicating system.
�27.1325
Static pressure systems.
�27.1327
Magnetic direction indicator.
�27.1329
Automatic pilot system.
�27.1335
Flight director systems.
�27.1337
Powerplant instruments.
�27.1351
General.
�27.1353
Storage battery design and installation.
�27.1357
Circuit protective devices.
�27.1361
Master switch.
�27.1365
Electric cables.
�27.1367
Switches.
�27.1381
Instrument lights.
�27.1383
Landing lights.
�27.1385
Position light system installation.
�27.1387
Position light system dihedral angles.
�27.1389
Position light distribution and intensities.
�27.1391
Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights.
�27.1393
Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights.
�27.1395
Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights.
�27.1397
Color specifications.
�27.1399
Riding light.
�27.1401
Anticollision light system.
�27.1411
General.
�27.1413
Safety belts.
�27.1415
Ditching equipment.
�27.1419
Ice protection.
�27.1435
Hydraulic systems.
�27.1457
Cockpit voice recorders.
�27.1459
Flight recorders.
�27.1461
Equipment containing high energy rotors.
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Subpart G--OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION

�27.1501
General.
�27.1503
Airspeed limitations: general.
�27.1505
Never-exceed speed.
�27.1509
Rotor speed.
�27.1519
Weight and center of gravity.
�27.1521
Powerplant limitations.
�27.1523
Minimum flight crew.
�27.1525
Kinds of operations.
�27.1527
Maximum operating altitude.
�27.1529
Instructions for continued Airworthiness.
�27.1541
General.
�27.1543
Instrument markings: general.
�27.1545
Airspeed indicator.
�27.1547
Magnetic direction indicator.
�27.1549
Powerplant instruments.
�27.1551
Oil quantity indicator.
�27.1553
Fuel quantity indicator.
�27.1555
Control markings.
�27.1557
Miscellaneous markings and placards.
�27.1559
Limitations placard.
�27.1561
Safety equipment.
�27.1565
Tail rotor.
�27.1581
General.
�27.1583
Operating limitations.
�27.1585
Operating procedures.
�27.1587
Performance information.
�27.1589
Loading information.
Appendix
Appendix A to Part 27--Instructions for continued Airworthiness
Appendix
Appendix B to Part 27--Airworthiness Criteria for Helicopter Instrument Flight
Appendix
Appendix C to Part 27--Criteria for Category A
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