26 C.F.R. § 1.6664-2T Underpayment (temporary).
Title 26 - Internal Revenue
(a) through (b) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6664–2. (c) Amount shown as the tax by the taxpayer on his return—(1) Defined. For purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, the “amount shown as the tax by the taxpayer on his return” is the tax liability shown by the taxpayer on his return, determined without regard to the items listed in §1.6664–2(b) (1), (2), and (3), except that it is reduced by the excess of— (i) The amounts shown by the taxpayer on his return as credits for tax withheld under section 31 (relating to tax withheld on wages) and section 33 (relating to tax withheld at source on nonresident aliens and foreign corporations), as payments of estimated tax, or as any other payments made by the taxpayer with respect to a taxable year before filing the return for such taxable year; over (ii) The amounts actually withheld, actually paid as estimated tax, or actually paid with respect to a taxable year before the return is filed for such taxable year. (2) Effect of qualified amended return. The “amount shown as the tax by the taxpayer on his return” includes an amount shown as additional tax on a qualified amended return (as defined in paragraph (c)(3) of this section), except that such amount is not included if it relates to a fraudulent position on the original return. (3) Qualified amended return defined. (i) General rule. A qualified amended return is an amended return, or a timely request for an administrative adjustment under section 6227, filed after the due date of the return for the taxable year (determined with regard to extensions of time to file) and before the earliest of— (A) The date the taxpayer is first contacted by the Internal Revenue Service concerning any examination (including a criminal investigation) with respect to the return; (B) The date any person is first contacted by the Internal Revenue Service concerning an examination of that person under section 6700 (relating to the penalty for promoting abusive tax shelters) for an activity with respect to which the taxpayer claimed any tax benefit on the return directly or indirectly through the entity, plan or arrangement described in section 6700(a)(1)(A); (C) In the case of a pass-through item (as defined in §1.6662–4(f)(5)), the date the pass-through entity (as defined in §1.6662–4(f)(5)) is first contacted by the Internal Revenue Service in connection with an examination of the return to which the pass-through item relates; (D) The date on which the Internal Revenue Service serves a summons described in section 7609(f) relating to the tax liability of a person, group, or class that includes the taxpayer (or pass-through entity of which the taxpayer is a partner, shareholder, beneficiary, or holder of a residual interest in a REMIC) with respect to an activity for which the taxpayer claimed any tax benefit on the return directly or indirectly. This rule applies to any return on which the taxpayer claimed a direct or indirect tax benefit from the type of activity that is the subject of the summons, regardless of whether the summons seeks the production of information for the taxable period covered by such return; and (E) The date on which the Commissioner announces by revenue ruling, revenue procedure, notice, or announcement, to be published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin (see §601.601(d)(2)), a settlement initiative to compromise or waive penalties with respect to a listed transaction. This rule applies only to a taxpayer who participated in the listed transaction and for the taxable year(s) in which the taxpayer claimed any direct or indirect tax benefits from the listed transaction. The Commissioner may waive the requirements of this paragraph or identify a later date by which a taxpayer who participated in the listed transaction must file a qualified amended return in the published guidance announcing the listed transaction settlement initiative. (ii) Undisclosed listed transactions. An undisclosed listed transaction is a transaction that is the same as, or substantially similar to, a listed transaction within the meaning of §1.6011–4(b)(2) (regardless of whether §1.6011–4 requires the taxpayer to disclose the transaction) and was not previously disclosed by the taxpayer within the meaning of §1.6011–4 or §1.6011–4T, or had not been disclosed under Announcement 2002–2, 2002–1 C.B. 304, by the deadline therein. In the case of an undisclosed listed transaction for which a taxpayer claims any direct or indirect tax benefits on its return (regardless of whether the transaction was a listed transaction at the time the return was filed), an amended return or request for administrative adjustment under section 6227 will not be a qualified amended return if filed on or after the earliest of— (A) The dates described in §1.6664–2T(c)(3)(i); (B) The date on which the Internal Revenue Service first contacts any person regarding an examination of that person's liability under section 6707(a) with respect to the undisclosed listed transaction of the taxpayer; or (C) The date on which the Internal Revenue Service requests, from any person who made a tax statement to or for the benefit of the taxpayer, or from any person who gave the taxpayer material aid, assistance, or advice as described in section 6111(b)(1)(A)(i) with respect to the taxpayer, the information required to be included on a list under section 6112 relating to a transaction that is the same as, or substantially similar to, the undisclosed listed transaction, regardless of whether the taxpayer's information is required to be included on that list. (4) Special rules. (i) A qualified amended return includes an amended return that is filed to disclose information pursuant to §1.6662–3(c) or §1.6662–4 (e) and (f) and that does not report any additional tax liability. A qualified amended return also includes an amended return filed solely to disclose information pursuant to §1.6011–4, if the taxpayer also makes the required disclosure to the Office of Tax Shelter Analysis under §1.6011–4(e). See §1.6662–3(c), §1.6662–4(f), and §1.6664–4(c) for rules relating to adequate disclosure. (ii) The Commissioner may by revenue procedure prescribe the manner in which the rules of paragraph (c) of this section regarding qualified amended returns apply to particular classes of taxpayers. (5) Examples. The following examples illustrate the provisions of paragraphs (c)(3) and (c)(4) of this section: Example 1. T, an individual taxpayer, claimed tax benefits on its 2002 Federal income tax return from a transaction that is substantially similar to the transaction identified as a listed transaction in Notice 2002–65, 2002–2 C.B. 690 (Partnership Entity Straddle Tax Shelter). T did not disclose his participation in this transaction on a Form 8886, Reportable Transaction Disclosure Statement, as required by §1.6011–4. On June 30, 2004, the IRS requested from P, T's material advisor, an investor list required to be maintained under section 6112. The section 6112 request, however, related to the type of transaction described in Notice 2003–81, 2003–2 C.B. 1223 (Tax Avoidance Using Offsetting Foreign Currency Option Contracts). T did not participate in (within the meaning of §1.6011–4(c)), and claimed no tax benefits from, a transaction described in Notice 2003–81. T may file a qualified amended return relating to the transaction described in Notice 2002–65 because T did not claim a tax benefit with respect to the listed transaction that is the subject of the section 6112 request. Example 2. The facts are the same as in Example 1, except that T's 2002 Federal income tax return reflected T's participation in the transaction described in Notice 2003–81. As of June 30, 2004, T may not file a qualified amended return for the 2002 tax year. Example 3. (i) Corporation X claimed tax benefits from a transaction on its 2002 Federal income tax return. In October 2004, the IRS and Treasury identified the transaction as a listed transaction. In December 2004, the IRS contacted P concerning an examination of P's liability under section 6707(a) (as in effect prior to the amendment to section 6707 by section 816 of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, P.L. 108–357, 118 Stat. 1418). P is the organizer of a section 6111 tax shelter who provided representations to X regarding tax benefits from the transaction, and the IRS has contacted P about the failure to register that transaction. Three days later, X filed an amended return.
(ii) X's amended return is not a qualified amended return, because X did not disclose the transaction before the IRS contacted P. X's amended return would have been a qualified amended return if it was submitted prior to the date on which the IRS contacted P. Example 4. The facts are the same as in Example 3 except that, instead of contacting P concerning an examination under section 6707(a), in December 2004, the IRS served P a summons described in section 7609(f). X cannot file a qualified amended return after the summons has been served regardless of when, or whether, the transaction becomes a listed transaction. Example 5. On November 30, 2003, the Internal Revenue Service served Corporation Y, a credit card company, a summons described in section 7609(f). The summons requested the identity of, and information concerning, United States taxpayers who, during the taxable years 2001 and 2002, had signature authority over Corporation Y's credit cards issued by, through, or on behalf of certain offshore financial institutions. In obtaining court approval for the summons, the IRS provided reports and declarations that established a reasonable basis for believing that this ascertainable group of taxpayers may have been using these offshore credit card accounts to avoid complying with the internal revenue laws of the United States. Corporation Y complied with the summons, and identified, among others, Taxpayer B. On May 31, 2004, before the IRS first contacted Taxpayer B concerning an examination of Taxpayer B's federal income tax return for the taxable year 2002, Taxpayer B filed an amended return for that taxable year, that showed an increase in Taxpayer B's federal income tax liability. Under paragraph (c)(3)(i)(D) of this section, the amended return is not a qualified amended return because it was not filed before the summons was served on Corporation Y. Example 6. The facts are the same as in Example 5. Taxpayer B continued to maintain the offshore credit card account through 2003 to avoid compliance with the internal revenue laws. On March 21, 2005, Taxpayer B filed an amended return for the taxable year 2003, that showed an increase in Taxpayer B's federal income tax liability. Under paragraph (c)(3)(i)(D) of this section, the amended return is not a qualified amended return because it was not filed before the summons for 2001 and 2002 was served on Corporation Y, and the return reflects an activity that is the subject of the same summons. Example 7. (i) On November 30, 2003, the Internal Revenue Service served Corporation Y, a credit card company, a summons described in section 7609(f). The summons requested the identity of, and information concerning, United States taxpayers who, during the taxable years 2001 and 2002, had signature authority over Corporation Y's credit cards issued by, through, or on behalf of certain offshore financial institutions. In obtaining court approval for the summons, the IRS established a reasonable basis for believing that this ascertainable group of taxpayers may have been using these offshore credit card accounts to avoid complying with the internal revenue laws of the United States. Taxpayer C did not have signature authority over any of Corporation Y's credit cards during either 2001 or 2002 and, therefore, was not a person described in the summons.
(ii) In 2003, Taxpayer C first acquired signature authority over a Corporation Y credit card issued by an offshore financial institution. Taxpayer C's ability to file a qualified amended return for 2003 is not limited by paragraph (c)(3)(i)(D) because Taxpayer C's return does not reflect an activity that was the subject of the summons that was served on Corporation Y for 2001 and 2002. Example 8. On April 15, 2004, Taxpayer D timely filed his 2003 federal income tax return. The return reported tax benefits from a transaction that had previously been identified as a listed transaction. The tax treatment of the transaction also reflected a position that was contrary to a revenue ruling. D did not include with his return a Form 8275, Disclosure Statement, as required by §1.6662–3(c), or a Form 8886, Reportable Transaction Disclosure Statement, as required by §1.6011–4. On March 21, 2005, D filed a qualified amended return that disclosed the listed transaction on an attached Form 8886, but that did not report any additional tax. D also filed the Form 8886 with the Office of Tax Shelter Analysis as required by §1.6011–4. D has not adequately disclosed the transaction under §1.6662–3(c) because D failed to file a Form 8275. (d) through (g) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6664–2. [T.D. 9186, 70 FR 10039, Mar. 2, 2005; 70 FR 36345, June 23, 2005]
Title 26: Internal Revenue
PART 1—INCOME TAXES
ADDITIONS TO THE TAX, ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS, AND ASSESSABLE PENALTIES
§ 1.6664-2T Underpayment (temporary).
