December 1915 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1915 > December 1915 Decisions >
G.R. No. 10809 December 24, 1915 - MARIANO VALMILERO v. KONG CHANG SENG
033 Phil 84:
033 Phil 84:
FIRST DIVISION
[G.R. No. 10809. December 24, 1915. ]
MARIANO VALMILERO, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. KONG CHANG SENG, Defendant-Appellant.
T.L. McGirr for Appellant.
Valentin Manglapus for Appellee.
SYLLABUS
1. PLEADING; COMPLAINT; STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION. — A complaint which alleges simply "that the defendant is in debt to the plaintiff in the sum of one thousand and fifty pesos (P1,050), Philippine currency, which became due and payable on the 6th day of the present month," does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
2. ID.; ID.; ID. — Such a complaint does not contain "a brief statement of the facts constituting the cause of action" as required by section 90, paragraph 2, of the Code of Civil Procedure. It alleges conclusions and not facts.
3. ID.; DEMURRER; GROUNDS FOR OBJECTION TO COMPLAINT. — A demurer to a complaint which states simply "that the complaint does not contain facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action" is defective in that it does not state the ground or grounds of the objection to the complaint as required by the last paragraph of section 91 of the Code of Civil Procedure; and it may be overruled and dismissed on that ground alone.
4. ID.; DEFECTS IN COMPLAINT CURED BY EVIDENCE ESTABLISHING CAUSE OF ACTION. — Where, although the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, evidence is introduced on the trial, without objection, establishing the cause of action which plaintiff intended to allege, the defect is cured and an objection thereafter based thereon is without foundation.
2. ID.; ID.; ID. — Such a complaint does not contain "a brief statement of the facts constituting the cause of action" as required by section 90, paragraph 2, of the Code of Civil Procedure. It alleges conclusions and not facts.
3. ID.; DEMURRER; GROUNDS FOR OBJECTION TO COMPLAINT. — A demurer to a complaint which states simply "that the complaint does not contain facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action" is defective in that it does not state the ground or grounds of the objection to the complaint as required by the last paragraph of section 91 of the Code of Civil Procedure; and it may be overruled and dismissed on that ground alone.
4. ID.; DEFECTS IN COMPLAINT CURED BY EVIDENCE ESTABLISHING CAUSE OF ACTION. — Where, although the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, evidence is introduced on the trial, without objection, establishing the cause of action which plaintiff intended to allege, the defect is cured and an objection thereafter based thereon is without foundation.
D E C I S I O N
MORELAND, J. :
The complaint in this action, apart from the paragraph stating the residence of the parties and the demand for payment and the prayer for relief, contains this sole paragraph:" That the defendant is in debt to plaintiff in the sum of one thousand and fifty pesos (P1,050) Philippine currency, which became due and payable on the 6th day of the present month." (Complaint filed in October, 1914.)
To this complaint a demurrer was interposed containing these two paragraphs only: "First. That the complaint does not contain facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
"Second. That the complaint is ambiguous, unintelligible and vague."cralaw virtua1aw library
The trial court overruled the demurrer and the defendant answered. Trial was had, at which plaintiff presented a written instrument in which the defendant acknowledge a debt in favor of plaintiff of P1,050 and agreed to pay the same in the 6th of October, 1914. The defendant presented no evidence. His answer admitted the execution of the instrument recognizing the debt and agreeing to pay it but alleged that the plaintiff had extended the time of payment until the end of the year 1914 and agreed that the debt could be paid from the products of the sale of certain merchandise which the defendant had purchased of plaintiff.
The trial court found for the plaintiff and rendered judgment for the sum demanded and interest. Defendant appealed.
Appellant makes no specific assignment of error but his brief being very short and his whole argument devoted to one specific point, we are of the opinion that the brief is in itself an assignment for error sufficient to come within the rule requiring in each case an assignment of error by the Appellant. (Paterno v. City of Manila, 17 Phil. Rep., 26; Santiago v. Felix, 24 Phil. Rep., 378.) The argument is devoted to the proposition that the demurrer should have been sustained on the ground that the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. We would agree with that contention if the demurrer had been properly framed in accordance with the decisions of this court. It is now settled doctrine of this court that the demurrer must not only state the objections to the complaint as they are set out in the Code of Civil Procedure but it must also state the grounds on which the objections rest. (Sec. 91, Code of Civil Procedure; Lizarraga Hermanos v. Yap Tico, 24 Phil. Rep., 504; De la Riva v. Molina Salvador, 32 Phil. Rep., 277, filed November 23, 1915.) In the case before us the demurrer is couched in the language of the Code and, therefore, gives only the objections to the complaint. The demurrant overlooked the last paragraph of section 91 which requires that the grounds on which the objections are based shall also be stated. The trial court overruled the demurrer on the sole ground that" the demurrer containing no grounds for the objections presented against the complaint, it is overruled."cralaw virtua1aw library
From the sections of the Code Civil Procedure and the cases just cited it is clear that the demurrer was properly overruled, as it was defective in form. The court based its decisions overruling the demurrer precisely on that ground. Appellant did not seek to amend his demurrer or offer a new one properly drawn, and, as a result, he finds himself in this court under the necessity of attempting to procure the reversal of an order overruling a demurrer which was admittedly defective and valueless as a pleading.
While the complaint did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, evidence was introduced, without objection on the part of the defendant, to prove the cause of action which it is clear plaintiff intended to allege. The reception of that evidence cured the defects in the complaint and established a cause of action against Appellant. The appellant not having produced evidence to overcome that offered by the appellee, the trial court could do nothing else than to enter the judgment appealed from. (Lizarraga Hermanos v. Yap Tico, supra; De la Riva v. Molina Salvador, supra.)
The judgment appealed from is affirmed, with costs against Appellant. So ordered.
Arellano, C.J., Torres, Johnson, Carson, Trent, and Araullo, JJ., concur.
To this complaint a demurrer was interposed containing these two paragraphs only: "First. That the complaint does not contain facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
"Second. That the complaint is ambiguous, unintelligible and vague."cralaw virtua1aw library
The trial court overruled the demurrer and the defendant answered. Trial was had, at which plaintiff presented a written instrument in which the defendant acknowledge a debt in favor of plaintiff of P1,050 and agreed to pay the same in the 6th of October, 1914. The defendant presented no evidence. His answer admitted the execution of the instrument recognizing the debt and agreeing to pay it but alleged that the plaintiff had extended the time of payment until the end of the year 1914 and agreed that the debt could be paid from the products of the sale of certain merchandise which the defendant had purchased of plaintiff.
The trial court found for the plaintiff and rendered judgment for the sum demanded and interest. Defendant appealed.
Appellant makes no specific assignment of error but his brief being very short and his whole argument devoted to one specific point, we are of the opinion that the brief is in itself an assignment for error sufficient to come within the rule requiring in each case an assignment of error by the Appellant. (Paterno v. City of Manila, 17 Phil. Rep., 26; Santiago v. Felix, 24 Phil. Rep., 378.) The argument is devoted to the proposition that the demurrer should have been sustained on the ground that the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. We would agree with that contention if the demurrer had been properly framed in accordance with the decisions of this court. It is now settled doctrine of this court that the demurrer must not only state the objections to the complaint as they are set out in the Code of Civil Procedure but it must also state the grounds on which the objections rest. (Sec. 91, Code of Civil Procedure; Lizarraga Hermanos v. Yap Tico, 24 Phil. Rep., 504; De la Riva v. Molina Salvador, 32 Phil. Rep., 277, filed November 23, 1915.) In the case before us the demurrer is couched in the language of the Code and, therefore, gives only the objections to the complaint. The demurrant overlooked the last paragraph of section 91 which requires that the grounds on which the objections are based shall also be stated. The trial court overruled the demurrer on the sole ground that" the demurrer containing no grounds for the objections presented against the complaint, it is overruled."cralaw virtua1aw library
From the sections of the Code Civil Procedure and the cases just cited it is clear that the demurrer was properly overruled, as it was defective in form. The court based its decisions overruling the demurrer precisely on that ground. Appellant did not seek to amend his demurrer or offer a new one properly drawn, and, as a result, he finds himself in this court under the necessity of attempting to procure the reversal of an order overruling a demurrer which was admittedly defective and valueless as a pleading.
While the complaint did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, evidence was introduced, without objection on the part of the defendant, to prove the cause of action which it is clear plaintiff intended to allege. The reception of that evidence cured the defects in the complaint and established a cause of action against Appellant. The appellant not having produced evidence to overcome that offered by the appellee, the trial court could do nothing else than to enter the judgment appealed from. (Lizarraga Hermanos v. Yap Tico, supra; De la Riva v. Molina Salvador, supra.)
The judgment appealed from is affirmed, with costs against Appellant. So ordered.
Arellano, C.J., Torres, Johnson, Carson, Trent, and Araullo, JJ., concur.
