August 2001 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
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A.M. No. RTJ-00-1571 August 28, 2001 - JESUS GUILLAS v. RENATO D. MUÑEZ:
THIRD DIVISION
[A.M. No. RTJ-00-1571. August 28, 2001.]
(Formerly OCA IPI No. 98-625-RTJ)
JESUS GUILLAS, Complainant, v. JUDGE RENATO D. MUÑEZ, Regional Trial Court, Cadiz City, Branch 60, Respondent.
D E C I S I O N
SANDOVAL-GUTIERREZ, J.:
Before the Court is a sworn letter-complaint of Jesus Guillas dated October 9, 1998, addressed to the Court Administrator, charging Judge Renato D. Muñez of the Regional Trial Court of Negros Occidental, Branch 60, Cadiz City, with gross negligence and undue delay in the disposition of Criminal Case No. 1496-S for murder, entitled "People v. Jesus Guillas, Et. Al." chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
Complainant, one of the accused in Criminal Case No. 1496-S, alleges in his letter-complaint that since September 29, 1993 up to the present (October 9, 1998, filing of the instant complaint), he has been detained without bail. On September 4, 1997, the hearing of the case was terminated. On the same date, respondent judge ordered both parties to file their respective memoranda within thirty (30) days. Complainant’s counsel filed his memorandum on October 22, 1997. But the prosecutor did not file a memorandum, prompting respondent judge to issue another order giving the prosecution another thirty (30) days within which to submit the required memorandum. On August 21, 1998, complainant filed an ex-parte motion to decide the case, alleging in the main that he is a detained prisoner for almost five (5) years. He maintains that respondent judge was remiss in his duty to decide the case within ninety (90) days prescribed by law.
In his comment, respondent prays that the complaint be dismissed. He contends that the case is not considered submitted for decision since the prosecution has not yet filed its memorandum. In fact, there is no undue delay in its disposition inasmuch as the decision was ready for promulgation as early as December 8, 1998. But considering it was Christmas season, he promulgated the decision on January 14, 1999.
He also states that on July 16, 1998, he directed his stenographers to transcribe their notes as he was "at a loss to know the actual facts of the cases," including Criminal Case No. 1496-S since his personal notes were either lost or torn from the records. His legal researcher then advised him that there is no need to ask from the Supreme Court for an extension of time to resolve the pending cases as the parties concerned are expected to submit their memoranda anytime. Respondent judge finally avers that complainant’s lawyer is vindictive against him because of the court’s unfavorable decisions in his other cases.
On September 15, 2000, respondent manifested his willingness to submit this case for resolution merely on the basis of the pleadings/records filed.
The sole issue for our resolution is whether or not respondent judge failed to decide Criminal Case 1496-S within the ninety (90) day period prescribed by law.
In an effort to exculpate himself, he invokes Section 3, Rule 119 of the Revised Rules of Court which provides:chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
"SECTION 3. Order of trial. — The trial shall proceed in the following order:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
(d) Upon admission of the evidence, the case shall be deemed submitted for decision unless the court directs the parties to argue orally or to submit memoranda . . .."cralaw virtua1aw library
Respondent judge should have been guided by Administrative Circular No. 28 issued by this Court on July 3, 1989, which we reproduce here, thus:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO. 28
TO: ALL JUSTICES OF THE SANDIGANBAYAN, JUDGES OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURTS, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS AND MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURTS.
RE: SUBMISSION OF MEMORANDA
In the interest of the speedy disposition of cases, and to enable the courts to better control the progress of cases, the Supreme Court has adopted the following rules governing the submission of memoranda for purposes of deciding cases:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
(1) As a general rule, the submission of memoranda is not mandatory or required as a matter of course but shall be left to the sound discretion of the court. A memorandum may not be filed unless required or allowed by the court.
(2) The court may require or allow the parties to submit their respective memoranda including citation of authorities within a definite date from submission of the case for decision but not exceeding thirty (30) days therefrom. This shall cover the filing of simultaneous memoranda or a memorandum in chief and a reply memorandum of the adverse party, in the discretion of the court but in no case may its filing exceed thirty (30) days from submission of the case for decision.
(3) A case is considered submitted for decision upon the admission of the evidence of the parties at the termination of the trial. The ninety (90) day period for deciding the case shall commence to run from submission of the case for decision without memoranda; in case the court requires or allows its filing, the case shall be considered submitted for decision upon the filing of the last memorandum or upon the expiration of the period to do so, whichever is earlier. Lack of transcript of stenographic notes shall not be a valid reason to interrupt or suspend the period for deciding the case unless the case was previously heard by another judge not the deciding judge in which case the latter shall have the full period of ninety (90) days for the completion of the transcripts within which to decide the same.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
(4) The court may grant extension of time to file memoranda, but the ninety (90) day period for deciding the case shall not be interrupted thereby.
(5) The foregoing rules shall not apply to Special Criminal Courts under Circular 20 dated August 7, 1987, and to cases covered by the Rule on Summary Procedure in which memoranda are prohibited.
(6) This Administrative Circular shall take effect immediately.
Manila, Philippines.
July 3, 1989
(Sgd.) MARCELO B. FERNAN
Chief Justice"
In Salvador v. Salamanca 1 this Court held:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
". . . judges should decide cases even if the parties failed to submit memoranda within the given periods. Non-submission of memoranda is not a justification for failure to decide cases. The filing of memoranda is not a part of the trial nor is the memorandum itself an essential, much less indispensable pleading before a case may be submitted for decision. As it is merely to aid the court in the rendition of the decision in accordance with law and evidence — which even in its absence the court can do on the basis of the judge’s personal notes and the records of the case — non-submission thereof has invariably been considered a waiver of the privilege."cralaw virtua1aw library
Clearly, respondent judge cannot take refuge on the prosecution’s failure to file its memorandum. Following his argument, a case will remain deemed submitted for decision ad infinitum should a party or parties fail to submit their memorandum. We cannot countenance this scenario.
Records show that respondent judge incurred a delay of one (1) year and one (1) month. We have ruled that failure to decide a case within ninety (90) days as mandated by the Constitution is not excusable and constitutes gross inefficiency. 2 Canon 3, Rule 3.05 of the Code of Judicial Conduct admonishes all judges to dispose of the court’s business promptly and decide cases within the period fixed by law.chanrobles.com.ph : law library
This Court has consistency impressed upon judges the need to decide cases promptly and expeditiously on the principle that justice delayed is justice denied. 3 Delay in the disposition of cases erodes the faith and confidence of our people in the judiciary, lowers its standards and brings it into disrepute. 4
Respondent never asked this Court to give him additional time within which to dispose of cases submitted for decision. The presumption is that he is not burdened with caseloads. Thus, he could have decided Criminal Case No. 1496-S with dispatch. Indeed, he cannot escape administrative sanction.
The Court Administrator recommends that respondent judge be fined in the amount of P3,000.00. We adopt his recommendation.
WHEREFORE, this Court finds Judge Renato D. Muñez liable for gross inefficiency and imposes upon him a fine of P3,000.00, with a stern warning that repetition of the same act will be dealt with more severely.
SO ORDERED.
Melo, Vitug, Panganiban and Gonzaga-Reyes, JJ., concur.
Complainant, one of the accused in Criminal Case No. 1496-S, alleges in his letter-complaint that since September 29, 1993 up to the present (October 9, 1998, filing of the instant complaint), he has been detained without bail. On September 4, 1997, the hearing of the case was terminated. On the same date, respondent judge ordered both parties to file their respective memoranda within thirty (30) days. Complainant’s counsel filed his memorandum on October 22, 1997. But the prosecutor did not file a memorandum, prompting respondent judge to issue another order giving the prosecution another thirty (30) days within which to submit the required memorandum. On August 21, 1998, complainant filed an ex-parte motion to decide the case, alleging in the main that he is a detained prisoner for almost five (5) years. He maintains that respondent judge was remiss in his duty to decide the case within ninety (90) days prescribed by law.
In his comment, respondent prays that the complaint be dismissed. He contends that the case is not considered submitted for decision since the prosecution has not yet filed its memorandum. In fact, there is no undue delay in its disposition inasmuch as the decision was ready for promulgation as early as December 8, 1998. But considering it was Christmas season, he promulgated the decision on January 14, 1999.
He also states that on July 16, 1998, he directed his stenographers to transcribe their notes as he was "at a loss to know the actual facts of the cases," including Criminal Case No. 1496-S since his personal notes were either lost or torn from the records. His legal researcher then advised him that there is no need to ask from the Supreme Court for an extension of time to resolve the pending cases as the parties concerned are expected to submit their memoranda anytime. Respondent judge finally avers that complainant’s lawyer is vindictive against him because of the court’s unfavorable decisions in his other cases.
On September 15, 2000, respondent manifested his willingness to submit this case for resolution merely on the basis of the pleadings/records filed.
The sole issue for our resolution is whether or not respondent judge failed to decide Criminal Case 1496-S within the ninety (90) day period prescribed by law.
In an effort to exculpate himself, he invokes Section 3, Rule 119 of the Revised Rules of Court which provides:chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
"SECTION 3. Order of trial. — The trial shall proceed in the following order:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
x x x
(d) Upon admission of the evidence, the case shall be deemed submitted for decision unless the court directs the parties to argue orally or to submit memoranda . . .."cralaw virtua1aw library
Respondent judge should have been guided by Administrative Circular No. 28 issued by this Court on July 3, 1989, which we reproduce here, thus:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO. 28
TO: ALL JUSTICES OF THE SANDIGANBAYAN, JUDGES OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURTS, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS AND MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURTS.
RE: SUBMISSION OF MEMORANDA
In the interest of the speedy disposition of cases, and to enable the courts to better control the progress of cases, the Supreme Court has adopted the following rules governing the submission of memoranda for purposes of deciding cases:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
(1) As a general rule, the submission of memoranda is not mandatory or required as a matter of course but shall be left to the sound discretion of the court. A memorandum may not be filed unless required or allowed by the court.
(2) The court may require or allow the parties to submit their respective memoranda including citation of authorities within a definite date from submission of the case for decision but not exceeding thirty (30) days therefrom. This shall cover the filing of simultaneous memoranda or a memorandum in chief and a reply memorandum of the adverse party, in the discretion of the court but in no case may its filing exceed thirty (30) days from submission of the case for decision.
(3) A case is considered submitted for decision upon the admission of the evidence of the parties at the termination of the trial. The ninety (90) day period for deciding the case shall commence to run from submission of the case for decision without memoranda; in case the court requires or allows its filing, the case shall be considered submitted for decision upon the filing of the last memorandum or upon the expiration of the period to do so, whichever is earlier. Lack of transcript of stenographic notes shall not be a valid reason to interrupt or suspend the period for deciding the case unless the case was previously heard by another judge not the deciding judge in which case the latter shall have the full period of ninety (90) days for the completion of the transcripts within which to decide the same.chanrob1es virtua1 1aw 1ibrary
(4) The court may grant extension of time to file memoranda, but the ninety (90) day period for deciding the case shall not be interrupted thereby.
(5) The foregoing rules shall not apply to Special Criminal Courts under Circular 20 dated August 7, 1987, and to cases covered by the Rule on Summary Procedure in which memoranda are prohibited.
(6) This Administrative Circular shall take effect immediately.
Manila, Philippines.
July 3, 1989
(Sgd.) MARCELO B. FERNAN
Chief Justice"
In Salvador v. Salamanca 1 this Court held:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
". . . judges should decide cases even if the parties failed to submit memoranda within the given periods. Non-submission of memoranda is not a justification for failure to decide cases. The filing of memoranda is not a part of the trial nor is the memorandum itself an essential, much less indispensable pleading before a case may be submitted for decision. As it is merely to aid the court in the rendition of the decision in accordance with law and evidence — which even in its absence the court can do on the basis of the judge’s personal notes and the records of the case — non-submission thereof has invariably been considered a waiver of the privilege."cralaw virtua1aw library
Clearly, respondent judge cannot take refuge on the prosecution’s failure to file its memorandum. Following his argument, a case will remain deemed submitted for decision ad infinitum should a party or parties fail to submit their memorandum. We cannot countenance this scenario.
Records show that respondent judge incurred a delay of one (1) year and one (1) month. We have ruled that failure to decide a case within ninety (90) days as mandated by the Constitution is not excusable and constitutes gross inefficiency. 2 Canon 3, Rule 3.05 of the Code of Judicial Conduct admonishes all judges to dispose of the court’s business promptly and decide cases within the period fixed by law.chanrobles.com.ph : law library
This Court has consistency impressed upon judges the need to decide cases promptly and expeditiously on the principle that justice delayed is justice denied. 3 Delay in the disposition of cases erodes the faith and confidence of our people in the judiciary, lowers its standards and brings it into disrepute. 4
Respondent never asked this Court to give him additional time within which to dispose of cases submitted for decision. The presumption is that he is not burdened with caseloads. Thus, he could have decided Criminal Case No. 1496-S with dispatch. Indeed, he cannot escape administrative sanction.
The Court Administrator recommends that respondent judge be fined in the amount of P3,000.00. We adopt his recommendation.
WHEREFORE, this Court finds Judge Renato D. Muñez liable for gross inefficiency and imposes upon him a fine of P3,000.00, with a stern warning that repetition of the same act will be dealt with more severely.
SO ORDERED.
Melo, Vitug, Panganiban and Gonzaga-Reyes, JJ., concur.
Endnotes:
1. A.M. No. R-177-MTJ, September 24, 1986, 144 SCRA 276, 279, cited in Cases submitted for Decision before retired Judge Maximo A. Savellano, Jr., RTC-Branch 53, Manila, A.M. No. 99-7-250-RTC, April 5, 2000, 329 SCRA 637, 643.
2. Abarquez v. Rebosura, A.M. No. MTJ-94-986, January 28, 1998, 285 SCRA 109, 119-120; Martin v. Guerrero, A.M. No. RTJ-99-1499, October 22, 1999, 317 SCRA 166, 175; Office of the Court Administrator v. Quiñanola, A.M. No. MTJ-99-1216, October 20, 1999, 317 SCRA 37, 48-49; Farrales v. Camarista, A.M. No. MTJ-99-1184, March 2, 2000, 327 SCRA 84, 90.
3. Abarquez v. Rebosura, supra, citing Bendesula v. Laya, Et Al., 58 SCRA 16 (1974); Castro v. Malazo, 99 SCRA 164 (1980).
4. Re: Judge Luis B. Bello, Jr., 247 SCRA 519 (1995).
