January 2011 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
THIRD DIVISION
A.M. No. RTJ-09-2188 (Formerly A.M. OCA-IPI No. 08-2995-RTJ) : January 10, 2011
PROSECUTOR HILARIO RONSON H. TILAN, Complainant, v. JUDGE ESTER PISCOSO-FLOR, RTC, BRANCH 34, BANAUE, IFUGAO, Respondent.
D E C I S I O N
BRION, J.:
We resolve in this Decision the Administrative Matter against Judge Ester Piscoso-Flor of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 34, Banaue, Ifugao.
The Antecedents
The case arose from the verified complaint, dated September 1, 2008, 1cralaw filed by Public Prosecutor Hilario Ronson H. Tilan, charging Judge Piscoso-Flor with gross inefficiency, gross negligence and dishonesty.
The records show that the prosecutor was then handling Criminal Case No. 127, People of the Philippines v. Juanito Baguilat, for Falsification of Public Document, and Criminal Case No. 140, People of the Philippines v. Wihlis Talanay, for Violation of RA 7610, pending promulgation before Judge Piscoso-Flor. He was also handling Criminal Case No. 221, People of the Philippines v. Macario Tenefrancia, for Libel, pending arraignment in the same court.
In People v. Baguilat, Judge Piscoso-Flor issued an order dated October 20, 20072cralaw directing the parties to submit their respective memoranda within thirty (30) days from receipt of the order. The complainant alleged that the judge failed to render a decision within the ninety (90)-day reglementary period; instead, she issued an order, dated April 8, 2008, 3cralaw reiterating her earlier directive for the parties to submit their respective memoranda.
In People v. Talanay, Judge Piscoso-Flor issued an order dated September 25, 20074cralaw giving the accused fifteen (15) days to file his formal offer of evidence, and five (5) days for the prosecution to file its comment/objections. Allegedly, Judge Piscoso-Flor again failed to resolve the case within the 90-day reglementary period; instead, she issued another order dated May 21, 20085cralaw giving the parties fifteen (15) days within which to file their memoranda.
Prosecutor Tilan claimed that in both cases, Judge Piscoso-Flor resorted to the issuance of an order requiring the submission of the parties' memoranda to circumvent the statutory period for the resolution of cases. Prosecutor Tilan pointed out that the father of the victim (a minor) inPeople v. Talanay sought the assistance of the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) "regarding the slow process of resolving the case, "6cralaw and the CHR even called his attention on the matter.7cralawredlaw
In People v. Tenefrancia, Prosecutor Tilan alleged that the accused filed a Petition for Suspension of Trial, prompting Judge Piscoso-Flor to call a hearing on the petition. Despite the parties' submission of the matter for resolution, Judge Piscoso-Flor failed to resolve the petition within the required period.
The Office of the Court Administrator (OCA)8cralaw required Judge Piscoso-Flor to submit her comment, and she complied on November 7, 2008.9cralaw She offered the following explanation: in the court's monthly report for January 2008, 10cralaw Criminal Case No. 127, People v. Baguilat, was submitted for decision on January 31, 2008, and was due for decision on May 1, 2008; the reason for this was the parties' failure to submit their memoranda as required in her order dated October 20, 2007; on April 8, 2008, she issued another order reiterating her directive for the parties to file their memoranda because the case had been heard previously by her two predecessors.
Judge Piscoso-Flor further explained that on April 28, 2008, accused Baguilat moved for extension of time to submit his memorandum.11cralaw She herself requested for an extension of time to decide the case up to July 2, 2008.12cralaw She promulgated the decision on September 29, 2008, 13cralaw after several postponements due to the absence of Prosecutor Tilan, the counsel for the accused, and of the accused himself.
In conclusion, she stated that Prosecutor Tilan filed the present complaint after she personally went to Justice Secretary Raul M. Gonzales to complain about the former's actuations towards her, 14cralawand after she cited him for direct contempt.15cralawredlaw
On November 19, 2008, Prosecutor Tilan filed a reply, 16cralawreiterating the allegations in his complaint, and adding that he filed a Motion for Inhibition of Judge Piscoso-Flor in Criminal Case No. 228, People of the Philippines v. Eddie Immongor and Senando Bannog, " which was deemed submitted for resolution on July 18, 2008.
In a rejoinder dated November 25, 2008, 17cralaw Judge Piscoso-Flor explained that in Criminal Case No. 142, People of the Philippines v. Myleen Dimpatan, for Estafa, which Prosecutor Tilan mentioned in his reply, she received the accused's memorandum on April 20, 2007, and that of the prosecution on April 17, 2007. She added that on July 24, 2007, the court received a joint manifestation by Prosecutor Tilan, Private Prosecutor Rufino Lamase, and the accused's counsel (Atty. Gerald Tabayan) asking that the promulgation of the decision be deferred pending a possible settlement of the case. It was only on October 8, 2008 that Prosecutor Lamase moved to have the case resolved for failure of the accused to settle the civil aspect of the case. She immediately finalized the decision and scheduled its promulgation on November 14, 2008, but this was reset to November 24, 2008 upon motion of the counsel for the accused.
Judge Piscoso-Flor further explained that the motion for inhibition in Criminal Case No. 228 had been the subject of a contempt case which reached the Court of Appeals and gave rise to numerous complaints filed by Prosecutor Tilan against her. One of the cases had been considered closed and terminated by Deputy Court Administrator Reuben P. de la Cruz in a letter dated November 4, 2008.18cralawredlaw
Upon recommendation of the OCA, the Court issued a Resolution on July 6, 2009:19cralaw (1) re-docketing the case as a regular administrative matter; (2) directing Judge Piscoso-Flor to conduct an inventory of cases pending in her court and find out whether there were cases submitted for decision that had not been decided within the required period, and to decide these cases within thirty (30) days; and (3) requiring the parties to manifest whether they were willing to submit the case for resolution on the basis of the pleadings and the records.
Judge Piscoso-Flor and Prosecutor Tilan submitted the case for resolution on August 27, 2009 and October 8, 2009, respectively.
The Court's Ruling
In his Memorandum dated March 19, 2009, 20cralaw Court Administrator Jose P. Perez (now a member of the Court) found Judge Piscoso-Flor to have been remiss in her duty to decide cases within the period required by law. He recommended that the judge be merely admonished considering that this is her first infraction and that she inherited most of the cases that gave rise to the complaint. At the same time, he recommended that a stern warning be given against the commission of a similar offense in the future.
The OCA evaluation tells us that Judge Piscoso-Flor is guilty of failing to decide cases within the required periods, citing Criminal Case No. 127 (People v. Juanito Baguilat) as the principal basis of its conclusion. In this case, the OCA faulted Judge Piscoso-Flor for using as justification for her inaction the parties' failure to submit their respective memoranda. The OCA opined that this is not a valid reason for not deciding the case; if she believed she would not be able to decide the case on time, she could have asked the Court for an extension of the required period. The OCA acknowledged though that Judge Piscoso-Flor requested for an extension to decide the case in her monthly report of cases and certificate of service.21cralawredlaw
We find the OCA evaluation in order. Although Judge Piscoso-Flor claimed that she had requested for an extension of time to decide Criminal Case No. 127, there was no showing that the request was ever granted. Over and above this consideration, she allowed the parties to control the period of disposition of the case through their lukewarm response to her call for the submission of memoranda, which she had to do twice. She could have acted more firmly, considering, as she said, that she only inherited the case, which implies that it had been on the docket for quite some time. In any event, Judge Piscoso-Flor should have known that "[t]he Court may grant extension of time to file memoranda, but the ninety (90) day period for deciding the case shall not be interrupted thereby."22cralawredlaw
The same is true with Criminal Case No. 140 (People v. Talanay). As early as March 6, 2006, 23cralaw the CHR Office in the Cordillera Administrative Region relayed to Judge Piscoso-Flor the concern of the parent of the victim of the child abuse regarding the delay in the resolution of the case. It was only on May 21, 2008 when Judge Piscoso-Flor called for the submission of memoranda.
Judge Piscoso-Flor had no comment on Criminal Case No. 221 (People v. Tenefrancia). On the other hand, the Motion for Inhibition in Criminal Case No. 228, filed by Prosecutor Tilan, was deemed submitted for resolution on July 18, 2008, 24cralaw but Judge Piscoso-Flor herself admitted that she resolved the motion on November 10, 2008 or beyond the required 90-day period.
Judge Piscoso-Flor, however, cannot be held liable for delay in the disposition of Criminal Case No. 142 (People v. Dimpatan), which Prosecutor Tilan cited in his reply.25cralaw While he claimed that the case was deemed submitted for decision on March 12, 2007, it appears from the records that he, Private Prosecutor Rufino Lamase, and the accused's counsel (Atty. Gerald Tabayan) executed a joint manifestation26cralaw praying that the promulgation of the decision be deferred pending negotiations among them on the civil aspect of the case. When the negotiations bogged down and upon motion of Prosecutor Lamase (dated October 8, 2008), 27cralaw Judge Piscoso-Flor promulgated the decision on November 24, 2008.
On the whole, we find Judge Piscoso-Flor guilty of undue delay in the disposition of cases. Except for People v. Dimpatan, Judge Piscoso-Flor failed to resolve the other cases within the required period, in violation of the law and the rules. No less than the Constitution sets the limits on this all-important aspect in the administration of justice. It mandates that lower courts have three (3) months or ninety (90) days within which to decide cases or matters submitted to them for resolution.28cralaw Also, the Code of Judicial Conduct requires judges to dispose of the Court's business promptly and decide cases within the prescribed period.29cralawredlaw
It cannot be over emphasized that judges need to decide cases promptly and expeditiously. Delay in the disposition of cases, it must again be stated, is a major cause in the erosion of public faith and confidence in the justice system.30cralaw For this fundamental and compelling reason, judges are required to decide cases and resolve motions with dispatch within the reglementary period. Failure to comply constitutes gross inefficiency, a lapse that warrants the imposition of administrative sanctions against the erring magistrate.31cralawredlaw
Section 9, Rule 140 of the Rules of Court defines undue delay in rendering a decision or order as a less serious charge, punishable under Section
11(b) of the same Rule and imposes a penalty of suspension from office, without salary and other benefits, for not less than one (1) nor more than
three (3) months, or a fine of more than
P
10, 000.00 but not exceeding
P
20, 000.00. In light, however, of the fact that this is Judge Piscoso-Flor's first infraction and considering that most of the cases involved were
inherited cases, we deem a fine in its minimum range an appropriate penalty for Judge Piscoso-Flor.
WHEREFORE
FINED
P
10, 000.00, with a stern warning against the commission of a similar offense in the future.
SO ORDERED .
ARTURO D. BRION
Associate Justice
WE CONCUR:
CARPIO MORALES, J., Chairperson, BERSAMIN, VILLARAMA, JR., and SERENO, JJ.
cralaw Endnotes:
1cralaw Rollo , pp. 2-3.
2cralaw Id . at 5; Complaint, Annex "A." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
3cralaw Id . at 6; Complaint, Annex "B." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
4cralaw Id . at 7; Complaint, Annex "C." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
5cralaw Id . at 8; Complaint, Annex "D." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
6cralaw Id . at 11.
7cralaw Id . at 10.
8cralaw Id . at 16; 1st Indorsement, September 29, 2008.
9cralaw Id . at 17-18.
10cralaw Id . at 19-20; Comment, Annex "A." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
11cralaw Id . at 21-22; Comment, Annex "B." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
12cralaw Id . at 23-24; Comment, Annex "C" & "D." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
13cralaw Id . at 25-33; Comment, Annex "E." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
14cralaw Id . at 38; Comment, Annex "I." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
15cralaw Id . at 40; Comment, Annex "K." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
16cralaw Id . at 42.
17cralaw Id . at 63.
18cralaw Id . at 66; Rejoinder, Annex "C." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
19cralaw Id . at 7.
20cralaw Id . at 67-71.
21cralaw Supra note 12.
22cralaw Administrative Circular No. 28, July 3, 1989.
23cralaw Supra note 6.
24cralaw Supra note 16.
25cralaw Rollo , p. 42.
26cralaw Id . at 64; Rejoinder, Annex "A." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
27cralaw Id . at 65; Rejoinder, Annex "B." chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
28cralaw CONSTITUTION, Article VIII, Section 15(1).
29cralaw Rule 3.05.
30cralaw Michael G. Plata v. Judge Lizabeth G. Torres , A.M. No. MTJ-08-172, October 24, 2008, 570 SCRA 14.
31cralaw Sanchez v. Vestil , A.M. No. RTJ-98-1419, October 13, 1998, 298 SCRA 1.
