Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2014 > June 2014 Decisions > G.R. No. 162021, June 16, 2014 - MEGA MAGAZINE PUBLICATIONS, INC., JERRY TIU, AND SARITA V. YAP, Petitioners, v. MARGARET A. DEFENSOR, Respondent.:




G.R. No. 162021, June 16, 2014 - MEGA MAGAZINE PUBLICATIONS, INC., JERRY TIU, AND SARITA V. YAP, Petitioners, v. MARGARET A. DEFENSOR, Respondent.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

G.R. No. 162021, June 16, 2014

MEGA MAGAZINE PUBLICATIONS, INC., JERRY TIU, AND SARITA V. YAP, Petitioners, v. MARGARET A. DEFENSOR, Respondent.

D E C I S I O N

BERSAMIN, J.:

In labor cases, the rules on the degree of proof are enforced not as stringently as in other cases in order to better serve the higher ends of justice. This lenity is intended to afford to the employee every opportunity to level the playing field.

The Case

Being now assailed is the amended decision promulgated on November 19, 2003,1 whereby the Court of Appeals (CA) reconsidered its original disposition, and granted the petition for certiorari filed by respondent Margaret A. Defensor (respondent) by annulling and setting aside the adverse resolutions dated July 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003 issued by the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC).

Antecedents

Petitioner Mega Magazine Publications, Inc. (MMPI) first employed the respondent as an Associate Publisher in 1996, and later promoted her as a Group Publisher with a monthly salary of P60,000.00.2

In a memorandum dated February 25, 1999, the respondent proposed to MMPI�s Executive Vice-President Sarita V. Yap (Yap) year-end commissions for herself and a special incentive plan for the Sales Department.3 The proposed schedule of the respondent�s commissions would be as follows:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

1. MMPI Total revenue at P28-P29 M
0.05% outright commission
2. MMPI Total revenue at P30-P34 M
0.075% outright commission
3. MMPI Total revenue at P35-P38 M
0.1% outright commission
4. MMPI Total revenue at P39-P41 M
0.1% outright commission
5. MMPI Total revenue at P41M up
0.1% outright commission

while the proposed schedule of the special incentive plan would be the following:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

1. MMPI Total revenue at P28-P29 M
P5,000 each by year-end
2. MMPI Total revenue at P30-P34 M
P7,000 each by year-end
3. MMPI Total revenue at P35-P38 M
P8,500 each by year-end
4. MMPI Total revenue at P39-P41 M
P10,000 each by year-end
5. MMPI Total revenue at P41M up
P10,000 each by year-end Plus
incentive trip abroad

Yap made marginal notes of her counter-proposals on her copy of the respondent�s memorandum dated February 25, 1999 itself,4 crossing out proposed items 1 and 2 from the schedule of the respondent�s commissions, and proposing instead that outright commissions be at 0.1% of P35-P38 million in accordance with proposed item 3; and crossing out proposed items 1 and 2 from the schedule of the special incentive plan, and writing �start here� and �stet� in reference to item 3. Yap also wrote on the memorandum: �Marge, if everything is ok w/ you, draft something for me to sign ��; �You can also announce that at 5 M net for MMPI [acc to my computation, achievable if they only meet their month min. quota] we can declare 14th month pay for entire company.�5

The respondent sent another memorandum on April 5, 1999 setting out the 1999 advertisement sales, target and commissions, and proposing that the schedule of her outright commissions should start at .05% of P34.5 million total revenue, or P175,000.00;6 and further proposing that the special incentives be given when total revenues reached P35-P38 million.

On August 31, 1999, the respondent sent Yap a report on sales and sales targets.7

On October 1999, the respondent tendered her letter of resignation effective at the end of December 1999. Yap accepted the resignation.8

Before leaving MMPI, the respondent sent Yap another report on the sales and advertising targets for 1999.9

On December 8, 1999, Yap responded with a �formalization� of her approval of the 1999 special incentive scheme proposed by the respondent through her memorandum dated February 25, 1999,10 revising anew the schedule by starting commissions at .05% of P35-P38 million gross advertising revenue (including barter), and the proposed special incentives at P35-P38 million with P8,500.00 bonus.11

The respondent replied to Yap, pointing out that her memorandum dated April 5, 1999 had been the result of Yap�s own comments on the special incentive scheme she had proposed, and that she had assumed that Yap had been amenable to the proposal when she did not receive any further reaction from the latter.12

On May 2000, after the respondent had left the company, she filed a complaint for payment of bonus and incentive compensation with damages,13 specifically demanding the payment of P271,264.68 as sales commissions, P60,000.00 as 14th month pay, and P8,500.00 as her share in the incentive scheme for the advertising and sales staff.14

Ruling of the Labor Arbiter

In a decision dated February 5, 2001,15 the Labor Arbiter (LA) dismissed the respondent�s complaint, ruling that the respondent had not presented any evidence showing that MMPI had agreed or committed to the terms proposed in her memorandum of April 5, 1999; that even assuming that the petitioners had agreed to her terms, the table she had submitted justifying a gross revenue of P36,216,624.07 was not an official account by MMPI;16 and that the petitioners had presented a 1999 statement of income and deficit prepared by the auditing firm of Punongbayan & Araullo showing MMPI�s gross revenue for 1999 being only P31,947,677.00.17

Decision of the NLRC

The respondent appealed, but the NLRC denied the appeal for its lack of merit,18 with the NLRC concurring with the LA�s ruling that there had been no agreement between the petitioners and the respondent on the terms and conditions of the incentives reached.

The respondent filed a motion for reconsideration and a supplement to the motion for reconsideration. In the supplement, she included a motion to admit additional evidence (i.e., the affidavit of Lie Tabingo who had worked as a traffic clerk in the Advertising Department of MMPI and had been in charge of keeping track of the advertisements placed with MMPI) on the ground that such evidence had been �unavailable during the hearing as newly discovered evidence in a motion for new trial�.19

The NLRC denied the respondent�s motions for reconsideration.20

Judgment of the CA


The respondent brought a special civil action for certiorari in the CA. In its decision promulgated on August 28, 2003,21 the CA dismissed the respondent�s petition for certiorari and upheld the resolutions of the NLRC.

On motion for reconsideration by the respondent, however, the CA promulgated on November 19, 2003 its assailed amended decision granting the motion for reconsideration and giving due course to the respondent�s petition for certiorari; annulling the challenged resolutions of the NLRC; and remanding the case to the NLRC for the reception of additional evidence. The CA opined that the NLRC had committed a grave abuse of discretion in finding that there had been no special incentive scheme approved and implemented for 1999,22 and in disallowing the respondent from presenting additional evidence that was crucial in establishing her claim about MMPI�s gross revenue.23 The amended decision disposed as follows:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

WHEREFORE, premises considered, the motion for reconsideration is hereby GRANTED. Our Decision of August 28, 2003 is hereby RECONSIDERED AND SET ASIDE. A new judgment is hereby entered GIVING DUE COURSE to the petition and GRANTING the writ prayed for. Accordingly, the challenged Resolutions of the NLRC in NLRC NCR 00-03-61361-00 (CA No. 028358-01) dated July 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003 are hereby ANNULLED and SET ASIDE. The case is hereby remanded to the NLRC for reception of additional evidence on appeal as prayed for by petitioner and for proper proceedings in accordance with Our disquisitions herein.

The denial of the claim for 14th month pay is sustained for lack of evidentiary basis.

No pronouncement as to costs. SO ORDERED.24

The petitioners and the respondent sought reconsideration of the CA�s amended decision, but the CA denied their motions through the resolution promulgated on February 4, 2004.25

Issues

Hence, this appeal by petition for review on certiorari, with the petitioners urging that the CA erred in ruling that �

  1. RESPONDENT CAN INTRODUCE EVIDENCE THAT IS NOT NEWLY-DISCOVERED FOR THE FIRST TIME ON APPEAL.

  2. A [REMAND] OF THE CASE TO THE NLRC FOR FURTHER RECEPTION OF EVIDENCE IS JUSTIFIED BY REASON OF DEARTH OF EVIDENCE TO PROVE THAT TARGET GROSS SALES OR REVENUES WERE ACTUALLY MET AS TO ENTITLE RESPONDENT TO THE INCENTIVE BONUS FOR THE SUBJECT PERIOD/YEAR.26

The petitioners argue that the circumstances of the case did not warrant the relaxation of the rules of procedure in order to allow the submission of the memorandum and the affidavit of Tabingo to the LA and the NLRC. They contend that the respondent had sought to introduce in the proceedings before the LA Tabingo�s memorandum dated December 10, 1999 addressed to the Accounting Department stating that the �gross revenue from all publications was P36,022,624.07, while net revenue was P32,551,890.58�;27 that Tabingo�s affidavit was meant to validate her memorandum; that such pieces of evidence sought to prove that MMPI�s target gross sales had been met, and would then entitle the respondent to her claims of commissions and special incentives; that the LA actually considered but did not give any weight or value to Tabingo�s memorandum in resolving the respondent�s claims; that any affidavit from Tabingo that the respondent intended to introduce would be merely corroborative of the evidence already presented, like the table purportedly showing MMPI�s gross revenue for 1999; and that such evidence was already considered by the NLRC in resolving the appeal.28

The important issue is whether or not the respondent was entitled to the commissions and the incentive bonus being claimed.

Ruling

The appeal is partly meritorious.

The grant of a bonus or special incentive, being a management prerogative, is not a demandable and enforceable obligation, except when the bonus or special incentive is made part of the wage, salary or compensation of the employee,29 or is promised by the employer and expressly agreed upon by the parties.30 By its very definition, bonus is a gratuity or act of liberality of the giver,31 and cannot be considered part of an employee�s wages if it is paid only when profits are realized or a certain amount of productivity is achieved. If the desired goal of production or actual work is not accomplished, the bonus does not accrue.

Due to the nature of the bonus or special incentive being a gratuity or act of liberality on the part of the giver, the respondent could not validly insist on the schedule proposed in her memorandum of April 5, 1999 considering that the grant of the bonus or special incentive remained a management prerogative. However, the Court agrees with the CA�s ruling that the petitioners had already exercised the management prerogative to grant the bonus or special incentive. At no instance did Yap flatly refuse or reject the respondent�s request for commissions and the bonus or incentive. This is plain from the fact that Yap even �bargained� with the respondent on the schedule of the rates and the revenues on which the bonus or incentive would be pegged. What remained contested was only the schedule of the rates and the revenues. In her initial memorandum of February 25, 1999, the respondent had suggested the following schedule, namely: (a) 0.05% outright commission on total revenue of P28-P29 million; (b) 0.075% on P30-P34 million; (c) 0.1% on P35-P38 million; (d) 0.1% on P39-P41 million pesos; and (f) 0.1% on P41 million or higher, but Yap had countered by revising the schedule to start at 0.1% as outright commissions on a total revenue of P35-P38 million, and the special incentive bonus to start at revenues of P35-P38 million. Moreover, on December 8, 1999, Yap sent to the respondent a memorandum entitled Re: Formalization of my handwritten approval of 1999 Incentive scheme dated 25 February 1999. Such actuations and actions by Yap indicated that, firstly, the petitioners had already acceded to the grant of the special incentive bonus; and, secondly, the only issue still to be threshed out was at which point and at what rate the respondent�s outright commissions and the special incentive bonus for the sales staff should be given.

For sure, Yap�s memorandum dated December 8, 1999, aside from being the petitioners� categorical admission of the grant of the commissions and the bonus or incentives, laid down the petitioners� own schedule of the commissions and the bonus or incentives,32 to wit:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

Re: Formalization of my handwritten approval of 1999 incentive scheme dated 25 February 1999

1999 Incentive Scheme for Group Publisher


? MMPI Gross Advertising Revenue
����
P35-38 M
.05%
(includes barter)
P39-41 M
.075%
P41 M up
1%
Commissionable ad revenue is net of advertising agency commission and absorbed production costs. Commission will be paid in bartered goods and cash in direct proportion to percentage of cash and bartered goods revenue for the year. This amount will be paid by January 30, 2000 if the documents (contracts, P.O.s) to support the gross revenue claim are in order and submitted to Finance.

Group Incentive for Sale and Traffic Team

? Gross Advertising Revenue
P35-38 M
P8,500.00 each

P39-41 M

P10,000.00 each
P41 M up
P10,000.00 each
+ incentive trip abroad

Concerning the remand of the case to the NLRC for reception of additional evidence at the instance of the respondent, we hold that the CA committed a reversible error. Although, as a rule, the submission to the NLRC of additional evidence like documents and affidavits is not prohibited, so that the NLRC may properly consider such evidence for the first time on appeal,33 the circumstances of the case did not justify the application of the rule herein.

The additional evidence the respondent has sought to be admitted (i.e., Tabingo�s affidavit executed on October 14, 2002) was already attached to the pleadings filed in the NLRC, and was part of the records thereat. Its introduction was apparently aimed to rebut the petitioners� claim that its gross revenue was only P31,947,677.00 and did not reach the minimum P35 million necessary for the grant of the respondent�s outright commissions and the special incentive bonus for the sales staff (inclusive of the respondent). Tabingo�s affidavit corroborated her memorandum to the Accounting Department dated December 10, 1999 stating that MMPI�s revenue for 1999 was P36,216,624.07.34

Confronted with the conflicting claims on MMPI�s gross revenue realized in 1999, the question is which evidence must be given more weight?

The resolution of the question requires the re-examination and calibration of evidence.35 Such re-examination and calibration, being of a factual nature, ordinarily lies beyond the purview of the Court�s authority in this appeal. Yet, because the documents are already before the Court, we hereby treat the situation as an exception in order to resolve the question promptly and finally instead of still remanding the case to the CA for the re- evaluation and calibration.

We start by observing that the degree of proof required in labor cases is not as stringent as in other types of cases.36 This liberal approach affords to the employee every opportunity to level the playing field in which her employer is pitted against her. Here, on the one hand, were Tabingo�s memorandum and affidavit indicating that MMPI�s revenues in 1999 totaled P36,216,624.07, and, on the other, the audit report showing MMPI�s gross revenues amounting to only P31,947,677.00 in the same year. That the audit report was rendered by the auditing firm of Punongbayan & Araullo did not make it weightier than Tabingo�s memorandum and affidavit, for only substantial evidence � that amount of relevant evidence which a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to justify a conclusion37 - was required in labor adjudication. Moreover, whenever the evidence presented by the employer and that by the employee are in equipoise, the scales of justice must tilt in favor of the latter.38 For purposes of determining whether or not the petitioners� gross revenue reached the minimum target of P35 million, therefore, Tabingo�s memorandum and affidavit sufficed to positively establish that it did, particularly considering that Tabingo�s memorandum was made in the course of the performance of her official tasks as a traffic clerk of MMPI. In her affidavit, too, Tabingo asserted that her issuance of the memorandum was pursuant to MMPI�s year-end procedures, an assertion that the petitioners did not refute. In any event, Tabingo�s categorical declaration in her affidavit that �[because] of that achievement, as part of the Sales and Traffic Team of MMPI, in addition to my other bonuses that year, I received P8,500.00 in gift certificates as my share in the Group Incentive for the Sales and Traffic Team for gross advertising revenue of P35 to P38 million xxx,�39 aside from the petitioners not refuting it, was corroborated by the 1999 Advertising Target sent by the respondent to Yap on December 2, 1999, in which the respondent reported a gross revenue of P36,216,624.07 as of December 1, 1999.40

Accordingly, the Court concludes that the respondent was entitled to her 0.05% outright commissions and to the special incentive bonus of P8,500.00 based on MMPI having reached the minimum target of P35 million in gross revenues paid in �bartered goods and cash in direct proportion to percentage of cash and bartered goods revenue for the year,� as provided in Yap�s memorandum of December 8, 1999.41

WHEREFORE, the Court REVERSES AND SETS ASIDE the amended decision promulgated on November 19, 2003; ENTERS a new decision granting respondent Margaret A. Defensor�s claim for outright commissions in the amount of P181,083.12 and special incentive bonus of P8,500.00, or a total of P189,583.12; and DIRECTS petitioner Mega Magazine Publications, Inc. to pay the costs of suit.

SO ORDERED.

Sereno, C.J, Leonardo-De Castro,�*Perez, and Reyes, JJ., concur.


Endnotes:


* Vice Associate Justice Martin S. Villarama, Jr., who penned the decision under review, per the raffle of September 26, 2011.

1Rollo, pp. 58-74; penned by Associate Justice Martin S. Villarama, Jr. (now a Member of this Court), with the concurrence of Presiding Justice Cancio C. Garcia (retired Member of this Court) and Associate Justice Mario L. Guari�a, III (retired).

2 Id. at 59.

3 Id. at 121-122.

4 Id.

5 Id.

6 Id. at 124-125.

7 Id. at 126-127.

8 Id. at 132.

9 Id. at 129.

10 Id. at 108.

11 Id.

12 Id. at 109,131.

13 Id. at 110-116.

14 Id. at 115.

15 Id. at 211-225.

16 Id. at 130.

17 Id. at 275.

18 Id. at 287-305.

19 Id. at 341-342.

20 Id. at 367-376.

21 Id. at 479-487.

22 Id. at 71.

23 Id. at 73.

24 Id. at 74.

25 Id. at 54-56.

26 Id. at 25.

27 Id. at 65.

28 Id. at 31.

29 See Protacio v. Laya Mananghaya & Co., G.R. No. 168654, March 25, 2009, 582 SCRA 417, 429.

30Lepanto Ceramics, Inc. v. Lepanto Ceramics Employees Association, G.R. No. 180866, March 2, 2010, 614 SCRA 63, 71.

31 Id.

32Rollo, p. 108; emphasis supplied.

33Sasan, Sr. v. National Labor Relations Commission, 4th Division, G.R. No. 176240, October 17, 2008, 569 SCRA 670, 686-687.

34Rollo, pp. 343-347.

35Reyes v. National Labor Relations Commission, G.R. No. 160233, August 8, 2007, 529 SCRA 487, 494.

36 House of Sara Lee v. Rey, G.R. No. 149013, August 31, 2006, 500 SCRA 419, 435.

37Javier v. Fly Ace Corporation, G.R. No. 192558, February 15, 2012, 666 SCRA 382, 395.

38Uy v. Centro Ceramica Corporation, G.R. No. 174631, October 19, 2011, 659 SCRA 604, 618; Mobile Protective & Detective Agency v. Ompad, G.R. No. 159195, May 9, 2005, 458 SCRA 308, 323.

39Rollo, p. 341.

40 Id. at 129.

41 Id. at 108.



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  • G.R. No. 200920, June 09, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JERUSALEM ESTEBAN Y BALLESTEROS, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 199027, June 09, 2014 - THE OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR GENERAL (OSG), Petitioner, v. THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS AND THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF SAGUIRAN, LANAO DEL SUR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184148, June 09, 2014 - NORA B. CALALANG-PARULAN AND ELVIRA B. CALALANG, Petitioners, v. ROSARIO CALALANG-GARCIA, LEONORA CALALANG-SABILE, AND CARLITO S. CALALANG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189440, June 18, 2014 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. MINDANAO II GEOTHERMAL PARTNERSHIP, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204029, June 04, 2014 - AVELINA ABARIENTOS REBUSQUILLO [SUBSTITUTED BY HER HEIRS, EXCEPT EMELINDA R. GUALVEZ] AND SALVADOR A. OROSCO, Petitioners, v. SPS. DOMINGO AND EMELINDA REBUSQUILLO GUALVEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205202, June 09, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. NENITA GAMATA Y VALDEZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G. R. No. 168903, June 18, 2014 - MA. ANA CONSUELO A.S. MADRIGAL, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, UNDERSECRETARY MA. MERCEDITAS N. GUTIERREZ, CELESTINO M. PALMA III, AND HELEN T. CHUA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182839, June 02, 2014 - PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Petitioner, v. JOSE GARCIA AND CHILDREN NORA GARCIA, JOSE GARCIA, JR., BOBBY GARCIA AND JIMMY GARCIA AND HEIRS OF ROGELIO GARCIA NAMELY: CELEDONIO GARCIA, DANILO GARCIA, ELSA GARCIA, FERMIN GARCIA, HEHERSON GARCIA, GREGORIO GARCIA, IMELDA GARCIA AND JANE GARCIA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207888, June 09, 2014 - DIONARTO Q. NOBLEJAS, Petitioner, v. ITALIAN MARITIME ACADEMY PHILS., INC., CAPT. NICOLO S. TERREI, RACELI B. FERREZ AND MA. TERESA R. MENDOZA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207266, June 25, 2014 - HEIRS OF PACIANO YABAO, REPRESENTED BY REMEDIOS CHAN, Petitioners, v. PAZ LENTEJAS VAN DER KOLK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204626, June 09, 2014 - PAUL P. GABRIEL, JR., IRENEO C. CALWAG, THOMAS L. TINGGA-AN, AND THE HEIRS OF JULIET B. PULKERA, Petitioners, v. CARMELING CRISOLOGO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205278, June 11, 2014 - PHILIPPINE SPRING WATER RESOURCES INC. /DANILO Y. LUA , Petitioners, v. COURT OF APPEALS AND JUVENSTEIN B. MAHILUM, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 185432, June 04, 2014 - MIRAMAR FISH COMPANY, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 185964, June 16, 2014 - ASIAN TERMINALS, INC., Petitioner, v. FIRST LEPANTO-TAISHO INSURANCE CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 194234, June 18, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JAYSON CRUZ Y TECSON, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 201043, June 16, 2014 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES FINANCE CENTER (AFPFC), Petitioner, v. DAISY R. YAHON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193421, June 04, 2014 - MCMER CORPORATION, INC., MACARIO D. ROQUE, JR. AND CECILIA R. ALVESTIR, Petitioners, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION AND FELICIANO C. LIBUNAO, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192912, June 04, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DEMOCRITO PARAS, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 207513, June 16, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BRICCIO BACULANTA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 197005, June 04, 2014 - PRINCESS JOY PLACEMENT AND GENERAL SERVICES, INC., Petitioner, v. GERMAN A. BINALLA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 5377, June 30, 2014 - VICTOR C. LINGAN, Complainant, v. ATTYS. ROMEO CALUBAQUIB AND JIMMY P. BALIGA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 176652, June 04, 2014 - AUGUSTO C. SOLIMAN, Petitioner, v. JUANITO C. FERNANDEZ, IN HIS CAPACITY AS RECEIVER OF SMC PNEUMATICS (PHILS.), INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197539, June 02, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ANGELITA I. DAUD, HANELITA M. GALLEMIT AND RODERICK GALLEMIT Y TOLENTINO, ACCUSED.[BR][BR]RODERICK GALLEMIT Y TOLENTINO, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.C. No. 7676, June 10, 2014 - AMADO T. DIZON, Complainant, v. ATTY. NORLITA DE TAZA, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-12-2332 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 10-3393-RTJ), June 25, 2014 - EFREN T. UY, NELIA B. LEE, RODOLFO L. MENES AND QUINCIANO H. LUI, Complainants, v. JUDGE ALAN L. FLORES, PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 7, TUBOD, LANAO DEL NORTE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207990, June 09, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ELIAS BUENVINOTO Y PAGLINAWAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 208719, June 09, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROGER RINGOR UMAWID, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 192820, June 04, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RENATO DELA CRUZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 192074, June 10, 2014 - LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT AUTHORITY, REPRESENTED BY ITS ADMINISTRATOR MELQUIADES A. ROBLES, Petitioner, v. AURORA A. SALVA�A, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 180416, June 02, 2014 - ADERITO Z. YUJUICO AND BONIFACIO C. SUMBILLA, Petitioners, v. CEZAR T. QUIAMBAO AND ERIC C. PILAPIL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209785, June 04, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARLON ABETONG Y ENDRADO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 179914, June 16, 2014 - SPOUSES REYNALDO AND HILLY G. SOMBILON, Petitioners, v. ATTY. REY FERDINAND GARAY AND PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Respondent.; A.M. No. RTJ-06-2000 - ATTY. REY FERDINAND T. GARAY, Petitioner, v. JUDGE ROLANDO S. VENADAS, SR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192011, June 30, 2014 - LIBCAP MARKETING CORP., JOHANNA J. CELIZ, AND MA. LUCIA G. MONDRAGON, Petitioners, v. LANNY JEAN B. BAQUIAL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200793, June 04, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MILAN ROXAS Y AGUILUZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 194560, June 11, 2014 - NESTOR T. GADRINAB, Petitioner, v. NORA T. SALAMANCA, ANTONIO TALAO, AND ELENA LOPEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199283, June 09, 2014 - JULIET VITUG MADARANG AND ROMEO BARTOLOME, REPRESENTED BY HIS ATTORNEYS-IN-FACT AND ACTING IN THEIR PERSONAL CAPACITIES, RODOLFO AND RUBY BARTOLOME, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES JESUS D. MORALES AND CAROLINA N. MORALES, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3123, June 10, 2014 - ALBERTO VALDEZ, Complainant, v. DESIDERIO W. MACUSI, JR., SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 25, TABUK, KALINGA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 9317 (Formerly CBD Case No. 12-3615), June 04, 2014 - ADELIA V. QUIACHON, Complainant, v. ATTY. JOSEPH ADOR A. RAMOS, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 6677, June 10, 2014 - EUPROCINA I. CRISOSTOMO, MARILYN L. SOLIS, EVELYN MARQUIZO, ROSEMARIE BALATUCAN, MILDRED BATANG, MARILEN MINERALES, AND MELINDA D. SIOTING, COMPLAINANTS, VS. ATTY. PHILIP Z. A. NAZARENO, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-13-2356 [Formerly OCA No. IPI-11-3701-RTJ], June 09, 2014 - ARGEL D. HERNANDEZ, Complainant, v. JUDGE VICTOR C. GELLA, PRESIDING JUDGE, CLARINCE B. JINTALAN, LEGAL RESEARCHER, AND ROWENA B. JINTALAN, SHERIFF IV, ALL FROM THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 52, SORSOGON CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200148, June 04, 2014 - RAMON A. SYHUNLIONG, Petitioner, v. TERESITA D. RIVERA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207664, June 25, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GIL SALVIDAR Y GARLAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 183589, June 25, 2014 - CHARLIE LIM (REPRESENTED BY HIS HEIRS) AND LILIA SALANGUIT, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES DANILO LIGON AND GENEROSA VITUG-LIGON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 180147, June 04, 2014 - SARA LEE PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL.,1 Respondents.; G.R. No. 180148 - ARIS PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL., Respondents.; G.R. No. 180149 - SARA LEE CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL., Respondents.; G.R. No. 180150 - CESAR C. CRUZ, Petitioner, v. EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL., Respondents.; G.R. No. 180319 - FASHION ACCESSORIES PHILS., INC., Petitioner, v. EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL., Respondents.; G.R. No. 180685 - EMILINDA D. MACATLANG, ET AL., Petitioners, v. NLRC, ARIS PHILIPPINES, INC., FASHION ACCESSORIES PHILS., INC., SARA LEE CORPORATION, SARA LEE PHILIPPINES, INC., COLLIN BEAL AND ATTY. CESAR C. CRUZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 193478, June 23, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RODOLFO P. FERNANDEZ, NELSON E. TOBIAS, AND FRANK R. BAAY, ACCUSED, NELSON E. TOBIAS, Accused-Appellant.

  • B.M. No. 2713, June 10, 2014 - ATTY. AILEEN R. MAGLANA, Complainant, v. ATTY. JOSE VICENTE R. OPINION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207176, June 18, 2014 - SPOUSES VICTOR AND EDNA BINUA, Petitioners, v. LUCIA P. ONG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 181676, June 11, 2014 - ASIAN CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. SANNAEDLE CO., LTD., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 181459, June 09, 2014 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY (MERALCO), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200491, June 09, 2014 - KASAMAKA-CANLUBANG, INC., REPRESENTED BY PABLITO M. EGILDO, Petitioner, v. LAGUNA ESTATE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 166018, June 04, 2014 - THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED-PHILIPPINE BRANCHES, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.; G.R. NO. 167728 - THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED-PHILIPPINE BRANCHES, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-14-2388 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 10-3554-RTJ], June 10, 2014 - EMILIE SISON-BARIAS, Complainant, v. JUDGE MARINO E. RUBIA, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT [RTC], BRANCH 24, BI�AN, LAGUNA AND EILEEN A. PECA�A, DATA ENCODER II, RTC, OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT, BI�AN, LAGUNA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187843, June 09, 2014 - CAPITOL SAWMILL CORPORATION AND COLUMBIA WOOD INDUSTRIES CORPORATION, Petitioners, v. CONCEPCION CHUA GAW, ANGELO CHUA GAW, JOHN BARRY CHUA GAW, LEONARD BRANDON CHUA GAW AND JULITA C. CHUA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196950, June 18, 2014 - HELEN E. CABLING, ASSISTED BY HER HUSBAND ARIEL CABLING, Petitioner, v. JOSELIN TAN LUMAPAS, AS REPRESENTED BY NORY ABELLANES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206806, June 25, 2014 - ARCO PULP AND PAPER CO., INC. AND CANDIDA A. SANTOS, Petitioners, v. DAN T. LIM, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE OF QUALITY PAPERS & PLASTIC PRODUCTS ENTERPRISES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190253, June 11, 2014 - JUAN TRAJANO A.K.A. JOHNNY TRAJANO, Petitioner, v. UNIWIDE SALES WAREHOUSE CLUB, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 183994, June 30, 2014 - WILLIAM CO A.K.A. XU QUING HE, Petitioner, v. NEW PROSPERITY PLASTIC PRODUCTS, REPRESENTED BY ELIZABETH UY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208678, June 16, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JEFFERSON WARRINER Y NICDAO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 186657, June 11, 2014 - DOMINGA B. QUITO, Petitioner, v. STOP & SAVE CORPORATION, AS REPRESENTED BY GREGORY DAVID DICKENSON, AS ITS CHAIRMAN, AND JULIETA BUAN-DICKENSON, AS ITS PRESIDENT, ROBERTO BUAN, HENRY CO, ANGELINA LUMOTAN, RODEL PINEDA AND ROSE CALMA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 159031, June 23, 2014 - NOEL A. LASANAS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 195598, June 25, 2014 - TEEKAY SHIPPING PHILIPPINES, INC., TEEKAY SHIPPING LIMITED AND ALEX VERCHEZ, Petitioners, v. EXEQUIEL O. JARIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 190177, June 11, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VIVIAN BULOTANO Y AMANTE, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.C. No. 9976 [Formerly CBD Case No. 09-2539], June 25, 2014 - ALMIRA C. FORONDA, Complainant, v. ATTY. JOSE L. ALVAREZ, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 179962, June 11, 2014 - DR. JOEL C. MENDEZ, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND COURT OF TAX APPEALS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 195668, June 25, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MA. HARLETA VELASCO Y BRIONES, MARICAR B. INOVERO, MARISSA DIALA, AND BERNA M. PAULINO, Accused, MARICAR B. INOVERO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 207774, June 30, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLOS ALHAMBRA Y MASING, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 183448, June 30, 2014 - SPOUSES DOMINADOR PERALTA AND OFELIA PERALTA, Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF BERNARDINA ABALON, REPRESENTED BY MANSUETO ABALON, Respondents.; G. R. No. 183464 - HEIRS OF BERNARDINA ABALON, REPRESENTED BY MANSUETO ABALON, Petitioners, v. MARISSA ANDAL, LEONIL ANDAL, ARNEL ANDAL, SPOUSES DOMINDOR PERALTA AND OFELIA PERALTA, AND HEIRS OF RESTITUTO RELLAMA, REPRESENTED BY HIS CHILDREN ALEX, IMMANUEL, JULIUS AND SYLVIA, ALL SURNAMED RELLAMA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 177425, June 18, 2014 - ALONZO GIPA, IMELDA MAROLLANO, JUANITO LUDOVICE, VIRGILIO GOJIT, DEMAR BITANGCOR, FELIPE MONTALBAN AND DAISY M. PLACER, Petitioners, v. SOUTHERN LUZON INSTITUTE AS REPRESENTED BY ITS VICE-PRESIDENT FOR OPERATIONS AND CORPORATE SECRETARY, RUBEN G. ASUNCION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210252, June 25, 2014 - VILMA QUINTOS, REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT FIDEL I. QUINTOS, JR.; FLORENCIA I. DANCEL, REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT FLOVY I. DANCEL; AND CATALINO L. IBARRA, Petitioners, v. PELAGIA I. NICOLAS, NOLI L. IBARRA, SANTIAGO L. IBARRA, PEDRO L. IBARRA, DAVID L. IBARRA, GILBERTO L. IBARRA, HEIRS OF AUGUSTO L. IBARRA, NAMELY CONCHITA R., IBARRA, APOLONIO IBARRA, AND NARCISO IBARRA, AND THE SPOUSES RECTO CANDELARIO AND ROSEMARIE CANDELARIO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 206716, June 18, 2014 - RUBEN C. JORDAN, Petitioner, v. GRANDEUR SECURITY & SERVICES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208678, June 16, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JEFFERSON WARRINER Y NICDAO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 163055, June 11, 2014 - THE COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS & THE DISTRICT COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS FOR THE PORT OF ILOILO, Petitioners, v. NEW FRONTIER SUGAR CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202996, June 18, 2014 - MARLO A. DEOFERIO, Petitioner, v. INTEL TECHNOLOGY PHILIPPINES, INC. AND/OR MIKE WENTLING, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 156208, June 30, 2014 - NPC DRIVERS AND MECHANICS ASSOCIATION (NPC DAMA), represented by its President ROGER S. SAN JUAN, SR., NPC EMPLOYEES & WORKERS UNION (NEWU) - NORTHERN LUZON, REGIONAL CENTER, represented by its Regional President JIMMY D. SALMAN, in their own individual capacities and in behalf of the members of the associations and all affected officers and employees of National Power Corporation (NPC), ZOL D. MEDINA, NARCISO M. MAGANTE, VICENTE B. CIRIO, JR., and NECITAS B. CAMAMA, in their individual capacities as employees of National Power Corporation, Petitioners, v. THE NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION (NPC), NATIONAL POWER BOARD OF DIRECTORS (NPB), JOSE ISIDRO N. CAMACHO as Chairman of the National Power Board of Directors (NPB), ROLANDO S. QUILALA, as President - Officer-in-charge/CEO of National Power Corporation and Member of National Power Board, and VINCENT S. PEREZ, JR., EMILIA T. BONCODIN, MARIUS P. CORPUS, RUBEN S. REINOSO, JR., GREGORY L. DOMINGO, NIEVES L. OSORIO and POWER SECTOR ASSETS and LIABILITIES MANAGEMENT (PSALM), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189532, June 11, 2014 - VIRGINIA S. DIO AND H.S. EQUITIES, LTD., Petitioners, v. SUBIC BAY MARINE EXPLORATORIUM, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, TIMOTHY DESMOND, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190620, June 18, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. HERMINIGILDO B. TABAYAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 203332, June 18, 2014 - FLORENCIO LIBONGCOGON, FELIPE VILLAREAL AND ALFONSO CLAUDIO, Petitioners, v. PHIMCO INDUSTRIES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207763, June 30, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROLANDO RONDINA, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. P-11-3020 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 10-3525-P), June 25, 2014 - PRESIDING JUDGE JUAN GABRIEL HIZON ALANO, MARY ANNABELLE A. KATIPUNAN, SUZEE WONG JAMOTILLO, ANALIE DEL RIO BALITUNG, EDWINO JAYSON OLIVEROS AND ROBERTO BABAO DO�O, Complainants, v. PADMA LATIP SAHI, COURT INTERPRETER I, MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT (MCTC), MALUSO, BASILAN. Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 160110, June 18, 2014 - MARIANO C. MENDOZA AND ELVIRA LIM, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES LEONORA J. GOMEZ AND GABRIEL V. GOMEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203984, June 18, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MEDARIO CALANTIAO Y DIMALANTA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 173616, June 25, 2014 - AIR TRANSPORTATION OFFICE (ATO), Petitioner, v. HON. COURT OF APPEALS (NINETEENTH DIVISION) AND BERNIE G. MIAQUE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 164961, June 30, 2014 - HECTOR L. UY, Petitioner, v. VIRGINIA G. FULE; HEIRS OF THE LATE AMADO A. GARCIA, NAMELY: AIDA C. GARCIA, LOURDES G. SANTAYANA, AMANDO C. GARCIA, JR., MANUEL C. GARCIA, CARLOS C. GARCIA, AND CRISTINA G. MARALIT; HEIRS OF THE LATE GLORIA GARCIA ENCARNACION, NAMELY: MARVIC G. ENCARNACION, IBARRA G. ENCARNACION, MORETO G. ENCARNACION, JR., AND CARINA G. ENCARNACION; HEIRS OF THE LATE PABLO GARCIA, NAMELY: BERMEDIO GARCIA, CRISTETA GARCIA, NONORATO GARCIA, VICENTE GARCIA, PABLO GARCIA, JR., AND TERESITA GARCIA; HEIRS OF THE LATE ELISA G. HEMEDES, NAMELY: ROEL G. HEMEDES, ELISA G. HEMEDES, ROGELIO G. HEMEDES, ANDORA G. HEMEDES, AND FLORA G. HEMEDES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196228, June 04, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RENATO BESMONTE, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 203086, June 11, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. JOSE DALAN Y PALDINGAN, Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 208173, June 11, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. OLIVER A. BUCLAO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 162021, June 16, 2014 - MEGA MAGAZINE PUBLICATIONS, INC., JERRY TIU, AND SARITA V. YAP, Petitioners, v. MARGARET A. DEFENSOR, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 3452, June 23, 2014 - HENRY SAMONTE, Petitioner, v. ATTY. GINES ABELLANA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192432, June 23, 2014 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. LARRY MENDOZA Y ESTRADA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 205543, June 30, 2014 - SAN ROQUE POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 160827, June 18, 2014 - NETLINK COMPUTER INCORPORATED, Petitioner, v. ERIC DELMO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192861, June 30, 2014 - LINDA RANA, Petitioner, v. TERESITA LEE WONG, SPS. SHIRLEY LEE ONG AND RUBEN ANG ONG, REPRESENTED BY THEIR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT WILSON UY, AND SPS. ROSARIO AND WILSON UY, Respondents.; G.R. No. 192862 - SPS. ROSARIO AND WILSON UY, WILSON UY AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF TERESITA LEE WONG, AND SPS. SHIRLEY LEE ONG AND RUBEN ANG ONG, Petitioners, v. SPS. REYNALDO AND LINDA RANA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 157163, June 25, 2014 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. HON. JUDGE AGAPITO L. HONTANOSAS, JR., REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 16, CEBU CITY, SILVERIO BORBON, SPOUSES XERXES AND ERLINDA FACULTAD, AND XM FACULTAD & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.