Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2015 > March 2015 Decisions > G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON AND YOYONG DE LEON, Accused-Appellants.:




G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON AND YOYONG DE LEON, Accused-Appellants.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON AND YOYONG DE LEON, Accused-Appellants.

D E C I S I O N

PEREZ, J.:

For review is the conviction for the crime of Murder of accused-appellants BAYANI DE LEON (Bayani), ANTONIO DE LEON (Antonio), DANILO DE LEON (Danilo), and YOYONG DE LEON (Yoyong) by the Regional Trial Court (RTC),1 in Criminal Case No. Q-02-113990, which Decision2 was affirmed with modifications by the Court of Appeals.

The accused-appellants were charged with Robbery with Homicide under an Information which reads:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
That on or about the 2nd day of March, 2002, in Quezon City, Philippines, the above-named accused, conspiring together, confederating with and mutually helping one another, with intent to gain, by means of violence and/or intimidation against [sic] person, did then and there wilfully, unlawfully and feloniously rob one EMILIO A. PRASMO, in the following manner, to wit: on the date and place aforementioned, while victim/deceased Emilio A. Prasmo was walking along A. Bonifacio Street, Barangay Sta. Lucia, Novaliches, this City, together with his wife and daughter in-law, accused pursuant to their conspiracy armed with sumpak, samurai, lead pipe and .38 cal. revolver rob EMILIO A. PRASMO and took and carried away P7,000.00, Philippine currency, and by reason or on the occasion thereof, with evident premeditation, abuse of superior strength and treachery, accused with intent to kill[,] attack, assault and employ personal violence upon EMILIO A. PRASMO by then and there shooting and hacking the victim with the use of said weapons, thereby inflicting upon him serious and grave wounds which were the direct and immediate cause of his untimely death, to the damage and prejudice of the heirs of said Emilio A. Prasmo.3
When arraigned, all the accused-appellants entered a plea of not guilty except accused Antonio. Thus, the RTC ordered a reverse trial in so far as Antonio is concerned.

Evidence of the Prosecution

The prosecution presented Erlinda A. Prasmo (Erlinda), wife of the victim, Emilio Prasmo (Emilio), who testified that on 2 March 2002, while they were walking along Sta. Lucia Street, Novaliches, on their way to RP Market, the accused-appellants, who are siblings, blocked their way. Accused-appellant Danilo, armed with a "sumpak", suddenly hit Emilio with a "bakal" while accused-appellant Antonio, who was armed with a "samurai", hacked Emilio in the forehead and struck him with a lead pipe at the right back portion of his legs and middle back portion of his torso. Accused-appellant Danilo then took Emilio's money in the amount of P7,000.00 and thereafter aimed the "sumpak" at the lower portion of Emilio's chest and fired the same, causing Emilio to slump on the ground. Accused-appellant Yoyong also hit Emilio with a lead pipe at the back of the neck and middle portion of his back.

As accused-appellants attacked and mauled Emilio, Erlinda, seeing her husband sprawled motionless on the ground, shouted for help, but nobody dared to help because accused-appellant Bayani, armed with a gun, was shouting "waking lalapit". The accused-appellants immediately left and Emilio was brought to the FEU Fairview Hospital, where Emilio died.

Gina Prasmo, Emilio's daughter, testified that at the time of the incident, she was at their house when she was informed of the news. She immediately went to the hospital where she learned that her father was already dead.

The testimony of Dr. Editha Martinez, a medico-legal officer of the Medico-Legal Division, Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory, Camp Crame, Quezon City, was dispensed with because she was not the one who performed the autopsy on the cadaver of Emilio, but nevertheless, she identified such documents as Medico-Legal Report, Autopsy Report, Sketch of the head showing contusion, anatomical sketch showing the gunshot wound on the right portion of the chest, and the anatomical sketch of Emilio.

Evidence of the Defense

Carmelita de Leon (Carmelita), sister of the accused-appellants, testified that on the evening of 1 March 2002, she was at her house when her brothers, accused-appellants Danilo and Antonio, arrived. Upon observing that the heads of Antonio and Danilo were bleeding, she was informed that Emilio and his son, Edgardo Prasmo (Edgardo), attacked and mauled them, which caused their injuries. They reported the incident to a "tanod" in the barangay hall, Julio Batingaw, who told them to return in the afternoon so they could have a meeting with Emilio and Edgardo. When they returned, Emilio and Edgardo did not appear.

In the evening, at around 7 o'clock, fifteen (15) men carrying firearms, who included Jerry and Edgar, sons of Emilio, stormed her house looking for accused-appellants and threatened to kill her if she will not disclose their whereabouts. To support her testimony, the defense offered in evidence the medical certificates for the injuries sustained by accused-appellants Antonio and Danilo dated 1 March 2002 and the entry in the barangay blotter book dated 2 March 2002, about the mauling of accused-appellants Antonio and Danilo.

The accused-appellants gave their testimonies that follow:

Jose de Leon, also known as Yoyong, was at the house of his brother-in-law, Willie Bandong, in Bagong Barrio, Caloocan City to discuss the schedule of the "pabasa". He stayed there between 8:00 to 9:00 o'clock in the evening. Danilo, at that time, was with his mother in Pugad Lawin in Quezon City, to accompany his mother in doing her work as a "manghihilot". They left Pugad Lawin between 8:00 to 9:00 o'clock in the evening and went home. Bayani, a police civilian agent, at the night of the crime, was at the Police Station No. 5 in Fairview, Quezon City, talking to a police officer.

Antonio, in the morning of 2 March 2002, went to the barangay hall with his mother, Carmelita, and accused-appellant Danilo, to file a complaint against Emilio and Emilio's son, Edgardo, due to the mauling incident the previous evening. In the barangay hall, they were told to return in the afternoon so they could have a meeting with Emilio and Edgardo. They returned as told. Emilio and Edgardo did not.

On the way home, accused-appellant Antonio met Emilio, Erlinda, and Gina, Emilio's daughter, walking along A. Bonifacio Street. Emilio, upon seeing Antonio, immediately opened his jacket and tried to pull "something" out. Antonio then instantly tried to grab that "something" from Emilio. While grappling for the possession of that "something", which turned out to be a "sumpak", it fired.

Bernaly Aguilar, while on her way to the market in Sta. Lucia, witnessed a fight involving accused-appellant Antonio and another man, who were grappling for the possession over a "bakal". After walking a few meters away from the incident, she heard a shot.chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary

The Ruling of the Regional Trial Court

According to the accused-appellants, Erlinda is not a credible witness and that her testimony is barren of probative value for having grave and irreconcilable inconsistencies, as opposed to accused-appellant Antonio's testimony which supposedly established the presence of all the essential requisites of self-defense. Accused-appellants referred to the inconsistency between Erlinda's court testimony and her Sinumpaang Salaysay. In her Sinumpaang Salaysay, she identified accused-appellant Antonio as the one who fired the "sumpak" at the lower chest of Emilio and took Erlinda's money. However, during her direct examination, she testified that it was accused-appellant Danilo who shot Emilio with a "sumpak" and thereafter, took his wallet.

Accused-appellants further argued that Erlinda could not have mistaken Danilo for Antonio, because she knew them both as they reside six (6) houses away from the house of the Prasmos and that accused-appellant Antonio has a distinctive feature � having a cleft palate or is "ngongo".

The RTC rejected accused-appellants' contentions. According to the RTC, Erlinda's narration of the incident is clear and convincing. While her testimony has some inconsistencies, they refer only to collateral and minor matters, which do not detract from the probative value of her testimony.

The trial court found established the circumstances of abuse of superior strength and treachery, abuse of strength absorbed by the aggravating circumstance of treachery:4ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrary
These requisites are obviously present in this case considering that the evidence shows that after Danilo suddenly fired at Emilio's lower portion of the chest accused Antonio and Yoyong ganged up on Emilio, with Antonio hitting him with a lead pipe on the right back portion of his legs and in the middle back torso and hacking him with a samurai, and accused Yoyong hitting also (sic) him with a lead pipe on the right back leg and middle portion of his back. Said action of the four (4) accused rendered it difficult for the victim to defend himself.5
However, citing People v. Nimo,6 the RTC ruled that because robbery was not duly established, it cannot convict accused-appellants for robbery with homicide. It relied on the principle that in order to sustain a conviction for robbery with homicide, robbery must be proven as conclusively as the killing itself.7 Thus, as opposed to the Information which charged the accused-appellants of the crime of Robbery with Homicide, the RTC found accused-appellants guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of Murder by conspiracy. The dispositive portion of the RTC Decision reads:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
THEREFORE, the Court finds accused BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON and YOYONG DE LEON guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of MURDER defined and penalized under Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code as amended and are hereby sentenced to suffer the penalty of RECLUSION PERPETUA with all the accessory penalties provided by law and to jointly and severally indemnify the heirs of the late EMILIO PRASMO the amounts of P50,000.00� as� indemnity for his death and P50,000.00� as moral damages.8cralawlawlibrary
The Ruling of the Court of Appeals

The Court of Appeals affirmed the conviction of the accused-appellants. Contrary to the accused-appellants' contention that the trial court committed a reversible error when it gave credence to Erlinda's testimony, the Court of Appeals considered Erlinda's recollection of the events as direct, positive and convincing manner, unshaken by a tedious and grueling cross-examination.9

With regard to the crime charged, the Court of Appeals agreed that the accused-appellants are guilty of the crime of Murder instead of Robbery with Homicide. As borne by the records, the only intent of the accused-appellants was to kill Emilio. The "accused-appellants had an axe to grind against Emilio x x x. The means used by the accused-appellants as well as the nature and number of wounds - debilitating, fatal and multiple � inflicted by appellants on the deceased manifestly revealed their design to kill him. The robbery committed by appellant Danilo [was on] the spur of the moment or [was] a mere afterthought."10

Also, the Court of Appeals found accused-appellant Danilo guilty of Robbery for unlawfully divesting Emilio of P7,000.00, which it considered as an action independent of and outside the original design to murder Emilio. The dispositive portion of the Court of Appeals Decision reads:

WHEREFORE, the appealed Decision dated May 25, 2007 of the Regional Trial Court of Quezon City, Branch 81 is hereby AFFIRMED in toto with the added MODIFICATION that accused-appellant Danilo de Leon is also found guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of Robbery defined under Article 293 and penalized under Article 294 (5) of the Revised Penal Code, and is sentenced to suffer the indeterminate penalty of two (2) years and seven (7) months of prision correccional, as minimum, to eight (8) years and ten (10) days of prision mayor, as maximum. He is ordered to return to the heirs of Emilio Prasmo the cash of P7,000.00, representing the amount he took from said victim."

Now, before the Court on automatic review, accused-appellants contend, by way of assignment of errors, that the appellate court gravely erred when:

  1. it gave full credence to the inconsistent testimony of the alleged eyewitness Erlinda Prasmo; and
  2. it disregarded the self-defense interposed by Antonio De Leon and the denial and alibi interposed by Bayani, Danilo, and Yoyong, all surnamed De Leon.12
Our Ruling

The accused-appellants' attempt to discredit Erlinda's testimony must fail. Inconsistencies between the declaration of the affiant in her sworn statements and those in open court do not necessarily discredit the witness; it is not fatal to the prosecution's cause. In fact, contrary to the defense's claim, discrepancies erase suspicion that the witness was rehearsed or that the testimony was fabricated. As correctly held by the Court of Appeals, despite minor inconsistencies, Erlinda's narration revealed each and every detail of the incident, which gave no impression whatsoever that her testimony is a mere fabrication. As we already enunciated in previous rulings, "[i]t is a matter of judicial experience that affidavits or statements taken ex parte are generally incomplete and inaccurate. Thus, by nature, they are inferior to testimony given in court, and whenever there is inconsistency between the affidavit and the testimony of a witness in court, the testimony commands greater weight."14

Before us is a reversed trial. As one of the accused-appellants, Antonio, pleaded self-defense, he admitted authorship of the crime. At this juncture, the burden of proof is upon the accused-appellants to prove with clear and convincing evidence the elements of self-defense: (1) unlawful aggression on the part of the victim; (2) reasonable necessity of the means employed to prevent or repel the attack; and (3) lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person defending himself,15 which the defense failed to discharge.

Unlawful Aggression

Unlawful aggression refers to an assault to attack, or threat in an imminent and immediate manner, which places the defendant's life in actual peril. Mere threatening or intimidating attitude will not suffice. There must be actual physical force or actual use of weapon.16

Applying the aforesaid legal precept, Emilio's act of pulling "something" out from his jacket while he was three (3) to four (4) meters away from accused-appellant Antonio cannot amount to unlawful aggression. Neither can the act of pulling "something" out amount to physical force or actual use of weapon, or even threat or intimidating attitude. Even if accused-appellant Antonio's account of the incident is truthful, that Emilio had motive to kill accused-appellant Antonio, giving accused-appellant reasonable grounds to believe that his life and limb was in danger, and that the "something" was indeed a "sumpak", it can hardly be recognized as unlawful aggression to justify self-defense.17 There is no showing that accused-appellant Antonio's life was in peril by the act of pulling "something" out. As correctly observed by the Court of Appeals, "it must be noted that appellant never said that Emilio aimed or pointed the "sumpak" at him or at least made an attempt to shoot him".18 The threat on accused-appellant Antonio's life is more imagined than real. As we already held in a catena of cases, the act of pulling "something" out cannot constitute unlawful aggression.19

Accused-appellant Antonio cannot allege that it was Emilio who instigated the incident; that Emilio's fate was brought about by his own actuations. There is no sufficient provocation, nay, provocation at all in the act of pulling "something" out.

Contrary to accused-appellant Antonio's contention that he acted in self-defense, the Medico-Legal Report No. M-685-02 dated 12 March 2002 proved otherwise. As borne by the records, Emilio sustained numerous wounds, including the fatal gunshot wound in the chest, which belie accused-appellants' defense that Antonio was alone at the scene of the crime and acted in self-defense. The Medico-Legal Report No. M-685-02 dated 12 March 2002 revealed that the victim sustained the following multiple injuries:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
HEAD AND NECK:
  1. Lacerated wound, right parietal region, measuring 4x3 cm, 7 cm from the mid-sagittal line.
  2. Contusion, right mandibular region, measuring 11x2 cm, 7 cm from the anterior midline.
  3. Contusion, nasal region, measuring 3 x 2.5 cm, along the anterior midline.
  4. Hematoma, left parietal region, measuring 5x4 cm, 8 cm from the anterior midline.
  5. Contusion, left cheek, measuring 11x3 cm, 8 cm from the anterior midline.
  6. Contusion, left lateral neck region, measuring 6x3 cm, 4 cm from the anterior midline.
  7. Lacerated wound, occipital region, measuring 5 x 1.8 cm, bisected by the anterior midline.
  8. There is a scalp hematoma at the right parieto-occipital region.
  9. There are subdural, sub� arachnoid� hemorrhages�� at� the� right celebrum.
  10. The right parietal bone is fractured.
TRUNK AND ABDOMEN:
  1. Gunshot wound, right chest, measuring 2.6 cm x 2.3 cm, 4 cm from the anterior midline, 112 cm from the right heel, directed posteriorwards, downwards, and slightly lateralwards, fracturing the 6th� and 7th ribs, lacerating the lower lobe of the right lung, diaphragm, right lobe of the liver with the deformed plastic wad embedded, right kidney with 2 lead pellets found embedded and the aorta with 3 pellets embedded thereat and 2 lead pellets found at the right thoracic cavity.
  2. Contusion, right shoulder region, measuring 12x3 cm, 8 cm from the posterior midline.
  3. Abrasion, right shoulder region, measuring 3.5 x 2 cm, 12 cm from the posterior midline.
  4. Contusion, left shoulder region, measuring 4x2 cm, 6 cm from the posterior midline.
EXTREMITIES:
  1. Contusion, left elbow, measuring 8x2 cm, 5 cm medial to its posterior midline.
  2. �Abrasion, dorsal aspect of the left hand, measuring 0.6 x 0.3 cm, 3 cm medial to its posterior midline.20
As we already held, the nature and location of wounds are considered important indicators which disprove a plea of self-defense.21 A perusal of the evidence would depict the presence of a deliberate onslaught against Emilio. The means used by accused-appellants as shown by the nature, location and number of wounds sustained by Emilio are so much more than sufficient to repel or prevent any alleged attack of Emilio against accused-appellant Antonio. Evidently, the accused-appellants' intent to kill was clearly established by the nature and number of wounds sustained by Emilio'. The wounds sustained by Emilio indubitably reveal that the assault was no longer an act of self-defense but a homicidal aggression on the part of accused-appellants.22

Double Jeopardy

The RTC did not find the accused guilty of the crime of robbery with homicide as charged in the Information, but found all the accused guilty of the crime of murder. According to the RTC, contrary to the charge of robbery with homicide, the accused is guilty of the crime of murder because the prosecution failed to establish the crime of robbery. The RTC, citing People v. Nimo,23 ratiocinated that in order to sustain a conviction for robbery with homicide, robbery must be proven as conclusively as the killing itself.

On the other hand, the Court of Appeals affirmed with modifications the ruling of the RTC and found all of the accused guilty of the crime of murder. However, contrary to the findings of the RTC with regard to the crime of robbery, the Court of Appeals reversed the ruling of the RTC and found accused Danilo guilty of the separate crime of robbery. We find that the appellate court erred for violating the constitutional right of Danilo against double jeopardy as enshrined in Section 21, Article III of the 1987 Constitution, to wit:chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or. acquittal� under either shall� constitute a bar to� another prosecution for the same act.24
Double jeopardy attaches if the following elements are present: (1) a valid complaint or information; (2) a court of competent jurisdiction; (3) the defendant had pleaded to the charge; and (4) the defendant was acquitted, or convicted or the case against him was dismissed or otherwise terminated without his express consent.25

In case at bar, it is undisputed the presence of all the elements of double jeopardy: (1) a valid Information for robbery with homicide was filed; (2) the Information was filed in the court of competent jurisdiction; (3) the accused pleaded not guilty to the charge; and (4) the RTC acquitted Danilo for the crime of robbery for lack of sufficient evidence, which amounted to an acquittal from which no appeal can be had. Indeed the conviction for murder was premised on the fact that robbery was not proven. The RTC Decision which found accused guilty of the crime of murder and not of robbery with homicide on the ground of insufficiency of evidence is a judgment of acquittal as to the crime of robbery alone.

As the first jeopardy already attached, the appellate court is precluded from ruling on the innocence or guilt of Danilo of the crime of robbery. To once again rule on the innocence or guilt of the accused of the same crime transgresses the Constitutional prohibition not to put any person "twice x x x in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense."26

As it stands, the acquittal on the crime of robbery based on lack of sufficient evidence is immediately final and cannot be appealed on the ground of double jeopardy.27 A judgment of acquittal is final and unappealable. In fact, the Court cannot, even an appeal based on an alleged misappreciation of evidence, review the verdict of acquittal of the trial court28 due to the constitutional proscription, the purpose of which is to afford the defendant, who has been acquitted, final repose and safeguard from government oppression through the abuse of criminal processes.29 The crime of robbery was not proven during the trial. As we discussed, the acquittal of the accused-appellant, including Danilo, is not reversible.cralawred

WHEREFORE, the Decision of the Court of Appeals is hereby AFFIRMED with� MODIFICATIONS. Accused-Appellants BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON and YOYONG DE LEON are hereby declared guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of Murder and are sentenced to suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua. The accused-appellants are ordered to pay Emilio Prasmo's heirs the following amounts: P75,000.00 as civil indemnity for Emilio Prasmo's death, P75,000.00 as moral damages, and P30,000.00 as exemplary damages.

All monetary awards shall earn interest at the rate of 6% per annum from the date of finality until fully paid.

SO ORDERED.chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary

Sereno, C. J., Chairperson, Leonardo-De Castro, Bersamin, and Perlas-Bernabe, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


1 Penned by Presiding Judge Ma. Theresa L. De La Torre-Yadao, RTC Branch 81, Quezon City dated 25 May 2007. CA rollo, pp. 40-53.

2 Penned by Associate Justice Stephen C. Cruz with Associate Justices Isaias P. Dicdican and Danton Q. Bueser, concurring; Decision dated 15 July 2010. Id. at 150-172.

3 CA rollo, p. 40.

4 CA rollo, p. 51, citing People v. Maalat, G.R. No. 109814, 8 July 1997, 275 SCRA 214-215.

5 CA rollo, p. 52.

6 G.R. No. 92533, 5 October 1993, 227 SCRA 69.

7People v. Nimo, id. at 85-86.

8 CA rollo, p. 53.

9 Id. at 157

10 Id. at 167.

11 Id. at 171.

12Rollo, p. 50.

13People v. Dagami, 394 Phil. 482, 488-489 (2000).

14 Id. at 489.

15People v. Placer, G.R.No. 181753, 9 October 2013, 707 SCRA 199, 207.

16People v. Nugas, G.R. No. 172606, 23 November 2011, 661 SCRA 159, 167-168.

17People v. Bayocot, 256 Phil. 27, 34-35 (1989).

18 CA rollo, p. 164.

19People v. Anies, 203 Phil. 332, 351 (1982).

20 CA rollo, pp. 47-48.

21People v. Canete, 350 Phil. 933, 943-944 (1998).

22People v. Lanuza, G.R. No. 188562, 24 August 2011, 656 SCRA 293, 300-301.

23People v. Nimo, supra note 6.

24 1987 Constitution, Art. III, Section 21.

25Bangayan, Jr., v. Bangayan, G.R. No. 172777, and G.R. No. 172792. 19 October 2011, 659 SCRA 590, 600.

26 1987 Constitution, Art. Ill, Section 21.

27People v. CA, G.R. No. 198589, 25 July 2012, 677 SCRA 575, 579.

28 Supra note 25, at 600.

29People v. Terrado, 580 Phil. 79, 87 (2008).



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  • G.R. No. 207747, March 11, 2015 - SPOUSES CHIN KONG WONG CHOI AND ANA O. CHUA, Petitioners, v. UNITED COCONUT PLANTERS BANK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209383, March 11, 2015 - SEACREST MARITIME MANAGEMENT, INC., ROLANDO B. MAGCALE, AND SEALION SHIPPING LIMITED � UNITED KINGDOM, Petitioners, v. MAURICIO G. PICAR, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 183511, March 25, 2015 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. EMETERIA G. LUALHATI, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10679, March 10, 2015 - PO1 JOSE B. CASPE, Complainant, v. ATTY. AQUILINO A. MEJICA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203774, March 11, 2015 - CARGILL PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198024, March 16, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RAFAEL CUNANAN Y DAVID ALIAS �PAENG PUTOL�, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 212054, March 11, 2015 - ST. LUKE�S MEDICAL CENTER, INC., Petitioner, v. MARIA THERESA V. SANCHEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200983, March 18, 2015 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. HUANG TE FU, A.K.A. ROBERT UY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 175433, March 11, 2015 - ATTY. JACINTO C. GONZALES, Petitioner, v. MAILA CLEMEN F. SERRANO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 201427, March 18, 2015 - TEOFILO B. ADOLFO, Petitioner, v. FE. T. ADOLFO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 155701, March 11, 2015 - LIM TECK CHUAN, Petitioner, v. SERAFIN UY AND LEOPOLDA CECILIO, LIM SING CHAN @ HENRY LIM, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 176908, March 25, 2015 - PURISIMO M. CABAOBAS, EXUPERIO C. MOLINA, GILBERTO V. OPINION, VICENTE R. LAURON, RAMON M. DE PAZ, JR., ZACARIAS E. CARBO, JULITO G. ABARRACOSO, DOMINGO B. GLORIA, AND FRANCISCO P. CUMPIO, Petitioners, v. PEPSI-COLA PRODUCTS, PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 200620, March 18, 2015 - ROBERTO L. ABAD, MANUEL D. ANDAL, BENITO V. ARANETA, PHILIP G. BRODETT, ENRIQUE L. LOCSIN AND ROBERTO V. SAN JOSE, Petitioners, v. PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY VICTOR AFRICA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10132, March 24, 2015 - HEIRS OF PEDRO ALILANO REPRESENTED BY DAVID ALILANO, Complainants, v. ATTY. ROBERTO E. EXAMEN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209843, March 25, 2015 - TAIWAN KOLIN CORPORATION, LTD., Petitioner, v. KOLIN ELECTRONICS CO., INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203655, March 18, 2015 - SM LAND, INC., Petitioner, v. BASES CONVERSION AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY AND ARNEL PACIANO D. CASANOVA, ESQ., IN HIS OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS PRESIDENT AND CEO OF BCDA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 209227, March 25, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CHARLIE OROSCO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 205469, March 25, 2015 - BPI FAMILY SAVINGS BANK, INC., Petitioner, v. ST. MICHAEL MEDICAL CENTER, INC., Respondent.

  • OCA IPI NO. 14-220-CA-J, March 17, 2015 - RE: COMPLAINT DATED JANUARY 28, 2014 OF WENEFREDO PARRE�O, ET AL., AGAINST HON. CELIA C. LIBREA-LEAGOGO, HON. ELIHU A. YBA�EZ AND HON. AMY C. LAZARO-JAVIER, ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS, RELATIVE TO CA G.R. SP NO. 108807

  • G.R. No. 206381, March 25, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DANIEL MATIBAG Y DE VILLA @ �DANI� OR �DANILO,� Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 192284, March 11, 2015 - ALEX TIONCO Y ORTEGA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8330, March 16, 2015 - TERESITA B. ENRIQUEZ, Complainant, v. ATTY. TRINA DE VERA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 183212, March 16, 2015 - WALLEM PHILIPPINES SERVICES, INC. AND WALLEM SHIP MANAGEMENT, LTD., Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF THE LATE PETER PADRONES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 179640, March 18, 2015 - HACIENDA CATAYWA/MANUEL VILLANUEVA, owner, JOEMARIE VILLANUEVA, manager, MANCY AND SONS ENTERPRISES, INC., Petitioners, v. ROSARIO LOREZO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212496, March 18, 2015 - NESTOR BRACERO, Petitioner, v. RODULFO ARCELO AND THE HEIRS OF VICTORIANO MONISIT, namely: LOURDES MENCHAVEZ, ROGELIO RUELO, AND MARTINIANA APOR, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196750, March 11, 2015 - MA. ELENA R. DIVINAGRACIA, AS ADMINISTRATRIX OF THE ESTATE OF THE LATE SANTIAGO C. DIVINAGRACIA, Petitioner, v. CORONACION PARILLA, CELESTIAL NOBLEZA, CECILIA LELINA, CELEDONIO NOBLEZA, AND MAUDE NOBLEZA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209370, March 25, 2015 - FORT BONIFACIO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. VALENTIN L. FONG, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8826, March 25, 2015 - SHIRLEY OLAYTA-CAMBA, Complainant, v. ATTY. OTILIO SY BONGON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203240, March 18, 2015 - NORTHERN ISLANDS, CO., INC., Petitioner, v. SPOUSES DENNIS AND CHERYLIN* GARCIA, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE �ECOLAMP MULTI RESOURCES,�, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 8776, March 22, 2015 - ANTONINA S. SOSA, Complainant, v. ATTY. MANUEL V. MENDOZA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209283, March 11, 2015 - CECILIA RACHEL V. QUISUMBING, Petitioner, v. LORETTA ANN P. ROSALES, MA. VICTORIA V. CARDONA AND NORBERTO DELA CRUZ, IN THEIR CAPACITIES AS CHAIRPERSON AND MEMBERS, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10672, March 18, 2015 - EDUARDO A. MAGLENTE, Complainant, v. ATTY. DELFIN R. AGCAOILI, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208908, March 11, 2015 - THE COFFEE BEAN AND TEA LEAF PHILIPPINES, INC. AND WALDEN CHU, Petitioners, v. ROLLY P. ARENAS, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10695, March 18, 2015 - CRESCENCIANO M. PITOGO, Complainant, v. ATTY. JOSELITO TROY SUELLO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200759, March 25, 2015 - FAJ CONSTRUCTION & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. SUSAN M. SAULOG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207988, March 11, 2015 - THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BRIAN MERCADO Y SARMIENTO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 185374, March 11, 2015 - SIMPLICIA CERCADO-SIGA AND LIGAYA CERCADO-BELISON, Petitioners, v. VICENTE CERCADO, JR., MANUELA C. ARABIT, LOLITA C. BASCO, MARIA C. ARALAR AND VIOLETA C. BINADAS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 176033, March 11, 2015 - FELILIBETH AGUINALDO AND BENJAMIN PEREZ, Petitioners, v. REYNALDO P. VENTUS AND JOJO B. JOSON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205492, March 11, 2015 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES DANTE AND LOLITA BENIGNO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202805, March 23, 2015 - ROSARIO BANGUIS-TAMBUYAT, Petitioner, v. WENIFREDA BALCOM-TAMBUYAT, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202943, March 25, 2015 - THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, REPRESENTED BY SECRETARY ENRIQUE T. ONA, AND THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FORMERLY THE BUREAU OF FOOD AND DRUGS), REPRESENTED BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF HEALTH NICOLAS B. LUTERO III, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE, Petitioners, v. PHILIP MORRIS PHILIPPINES MANUFACTURING, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 160914, March 25, 2015 - MARCELA M. DELA CRUZ, Petitioner, v. ANTONIO Q. HERMANO AND HIS WIFE REMEDIOS HERMANO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189296, March 11, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RECTO ANGNGAO Y MAKAY AND ROBERT CARLIN Y PECDASEN, ACCUSED, RECTO ANGNGAO Y MAKAY, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 202989, March 25, 2015 - COMGLASCO CORPORATION/AGUILA GLASS, Petitioner, v. SANTOS CAR CHECK CENTER CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 167052, March 11, 2015 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS SECURITIES CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. EDGARDO V. GUEVARA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 183531, March 25, 2015 - EASTERN TELECOMMUNICATIONS PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184301, March 23, 2015 - GE MONEY BANK, INC. (FORMERLY KEPPEL BANK PHILIPPINES, INC.), Petitioner, v. SPOUSES VICTORINO M. DIZON AND ROSALINA L. DIZON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198753, March 25, 2015 - JOSE �PEPE� SANICO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND JENNIFER SON-TENIO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202970, March 25, 2015 - NATANYA JOANA D. ARGEL, Petitioner, v. GOV. LUIS C. SINGSON, IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE GOVERNOR OF THE PROVINCE OF ILOCOS SUR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197556, March 25, 2015 - WATERFRONT CEBU CITY CASINO HOTEL, INC. AND MARCO PROTACIO, Petitioners, v. ILDEBRANDO LEDESMA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 211199, March 25, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. RANDY ROLLO Y LAGASCA, Defendant and Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 173241, March 25, 2015 - SILICON PHILIPPINES, INC. (FORMERLY INTEL PHILIPPINES MANUFACTURING, INC.), Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193809, March 23, 2015 - SATURNINO NOVECIO, GAVINO NOVECIO, ANASTACIO GOLEZ, ABUNDIO SOMBILON, BERTING RODRIGUEZ, MELITON CATALAN, Petitioners, v. HON. RODRIGO F. LIM, JR., AS CHAIRMAN, HON. LEONCIA R. DIMAGIBA AS PONENTE AND AS MEMBER AND HON. ANGELITA A. GACUTAN AS MEMBER, FORMER TWENTY-THIRD DIVISION, COURT OF APPEALS, MINDANAO STATION, HON. JUDGE BENJAMIN ESTRADA, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF BRANCH 9, RTC, MALAYBALAY, BUKIDNON, MARIA CARMEN J. TUAZON, REP. BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, LOPE DUROTAN, Respondents.; VERGELIO ROSALES, LUIS TEQUILIO, GREGORIO PANANGIN, JOSEPH RODRIQUEZ, EDDIE RODRIGUEZ, Petitioners, v. HON. RODRIGO F. LIM, JR., AS CHAIRMAN, HON. LEONCIA R. DIMAGIBA AS PONENTE AND AS MEMBER DESIGNATED AS ACTING CHAIRPERSON, PER SPECIAL ORDER NO. 1955 DATED MARCH 23, 2015. DESIGNATED AS ACTING MEMBER VICE ASSOCIATE JUSTICE ANTONIO T. CARPIO, PER SPECIAL ORDER NO. 1956 DATED MARCH 23, 2015. AND HON. ANGELITA A. GACUTAN AS MEMBER, FORMER TWENTY-THIRD DIVISION, COURT OF APPEALS, MINDANAO STATION, HON. JUDGE BENJAMIN ESTRADA, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF BRANCH 9, RTC, MALAYBALAY, BUKIDNON, MANUEL V. NIETO, REP. BY HIS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, LOPE DUROTAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207422, March 18, 2015 - ANGEL ABAD, Petitioner, v. HERMINIO DELA CRUZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208685, March 09, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RODRIGO CASACOP Y DE CASTRO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 211159, March 18, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARCELINO OLOVERIO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 175842, March 18, 2015 - NILO MACAYAN, JR. Y MALANA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189949, March 25, 2015 - CASTILLEJOS CONSUMERS ASSOCIATION, INC. (CASCONA), Petitioner, v. JOSE S. DOMINGUEZ, ISIAS Q. VIDUA, VICENTE M. BARRETO, JOSE M. SANTIAGO, JOSE NASERIV C. DOLOJAN, JUAN FERNANDEZ, HONORARIO DILAG, JR., FIDEL CORREA, ALICIA MERCADO, LECIRA JUAREZ, ATTY. FULGENCIO VIGARE, JR., ANGELITO U. SACRO, MILDRED ESGUERRA, ANTONIO APALISOK, SALAMAN D. MANGCA, DANILO S. SEGOBRE, EDMUNDO D. ENGAO, P/SUPT. ROLAND FELIX, P/SUPT. JERRY SUMBAD, P/INSP. GERRY HADUCA, P/INSP. ROBIN FUGIRAN, COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (CDA), BARTOLOME GALARITA, JR., WILFRE0O JIMENEZ, HITLER UNTAL, JOEL JOHN PACTORES, ROLLY CADORNA, RUDY ELIPSE, IBRAHIM LAHI, RODOLFO BONIFACIO, JR., ANECITO VIEJO, JR., JONARD IRAN, ANGELITO BALDONAZA, NIKKO DAJAY, ROLANDO ASPA, JESON CABATINGAN, JOBERT UGANG (SECURITY GUARDS), JOHN DOES (MEMBERS OF THE ZAMBALES PROVINCIAL MOBILE GROUP OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 178407, March 18, 2015 - METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, Petitioner, v. S.F. NAGUIAT ENTERPRISES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 155405, March 18, 2015 - THE HEIRS OF EUGENIO LOPEZ, SR. NAMELY, OSCAR M. LOPEZ, MANUEL M. LOPEZ AND PRESENTACION L. PSINAKIS, Petitioners, v. THE HONORABLE FRANCISCO QUERUBIN, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF ANTIPOLO, BRANCH 74, THE HEIRS OF ALFONSO SANDOVAL AND HIS WIFE ROSA RUIZ, REPRESENTED BY THEIR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, MRS. IMELDA RIVERA, Respondents.; G.R. No. 164092 - HEIRS OF EUGENIO LOPEZ, Petitioners, v. ALFONSO SANDOVAL AND ROMAN OZAETA, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212635, March 25, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CHARLIE SORIN Y TAGAYLO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 171127, March 11, 2015 - NOEL CASUMPANG, RUBY SANGA-MIRANDA AND SAN JUAN DE DIOS HOSPITAL, Petitioners, v. NELSON CORTEJO, Respondent.; G.R. No. 171217 - DRA. RUBY SANGA-MIRANDA, Petitioner, v. NELSON CORTEJO, Respondent; G.R. No. 171228 - SAN JUAN DE DIOS HOSPITAL, Petitioner, v. NELSON CORTEJO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197115, March 23, 2015 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE, Petitioner, v. FEDERICO DACLAN, JOSEFINA COLLADO AND HER HUSBAND FEDERICO DACLAN, TEODORO DACLAN AND MINVILUZ DACLAN AS SURVIVING HEIRS OF DECEASED JOSE DACLAN, Respondents.; [G.R. NO. 197267] - FEDERICO DACLAN, JOSEFINA COLLADO, TEODORO DACLAN AND MINVILUZ DACLAN AS SURVIVING HEIRS OF DECEASED JOSE DACLAN, Petitioners, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE AND PROVINCE OF LA UNION, REPRESENTED BY ITS PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 160728, March 11, 2015 - CLT REALTY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. PHIL-VILLE DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING CORPORATION, REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES (THROUGH THE OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR GENERAL), AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF METRO MANILA DISTRICT III, CALOOCAN CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193038, March 11, 2015 - JOSEFINA V. NOBLEZA, Petitioner, v. SHIRLEY B. NUEGA, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 211789-90, March 17, 2015 - DR. REY B. AQUINO, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8261, March 11, 2015 - JESSIE T. CAMPUGAN AND ROBERT C. TORRES, Complainants, v. ATTY. FEDERICO S. TOLENTINO, JR., ATTY. RENATO G. CUNANAN, ATTY. DANIEL F. VICTORIO, JR., AND ATTY. ELBERT T. QUILALA, Respondents.; A.C. No. 8725 - JESSIE T. CAMPUGAN AND ROBERT C. TORRES, Complainants, v. ATTY. CONSTANTE P. CALUYA, JR., AND ATTY. ELBERT T. QUILALA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206267, March 25, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RONNIE BUAT ALIAS DATU SINSUAT, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 182886, March 09, 2015 - SPOUSES SALVADOR P. NORBERTE, JR. AND ELIZABETH S. NORBERTE, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES FELICISIMO G. MEJIA AND ELVIRA C. MEJIA AND/OR THEIR HEIRS, REPRESENTED BY ALEXIS MEJIA-QUERUBIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 169407, March 25, 2015 - BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Petitioner, v. AMADOR DOMINGO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 201248, March 11, 2015 - LETICIA NAGUIT AQUINO, MELVIN NAGUIT, ROMMEL NAGUIT, ELMA NAGUIT TAYAG, YSSEL L. NAGUIT, ROSALINA NAGUIT AUMENTADO, RIZEL NAGUIT CUNANAN, CARIDAD NAGUIT PARAJAS, MILLIE NAGUIT FLORENDO, MARNEL NAGUIT, EDUARDO NAGUIT, JOSE NAGUIT, ZOILO NAGUIT, AND AMELIA NAGUIT DIZON, REPRESENTED BY YSSEL L. NAGUIT, Petitioners, v. CESAR B. QUIAZON, AMANDA QUIAZON, JOSE B. QUIAZON AND REYNALDO B. QUIAZON, REPRESENTED BY JAIME B. QUIAZON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193890, March 11, 2015 - ESTANISLAO AND AFRICA SINAMBAN, Petitioners, v. CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 191945, March 11, 2015 - NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. SOCORRO T. POSADA, RENATO BUENO, ALICE BALIN, ADRIAN TABLIZO, TEOFILO TABLIZO, AND LYDIA T. OLIVO, SUBSTITUTED BY HER HEIRS, ALFREDO M. OLIVO, ALICIA O. SALAZAR, ANITA O. ORDONO, ANGELITA O. LIM, AND ADELFA O. ESPINAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 175493, March 25, 2015 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. HEIRS OF GABRIEL Q. FERNANDEZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BAYANI DE LEON, ANTONIO DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON AND YOYONG DE LEON, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 195956, March 11, 2015 - ABS-CBN CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. FELIPE GOZON, GILBERTO R. DUAVIT, JR., MARISSA L. FLORES, JESSICA A. SOHO, GRACE DELA PE�A-REYES, JOHN OLIVER T. MANALASTAS, JOHN DOES AND JANE DOES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 184355, March 23, 2015 - ARNULFO A.K.A. ARNOLD JACABAN, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 179047, March 11, 2015 - SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, Petitioner, v. SUBIC BAY GOLF AND COUNTRY CLUB, INC. AND UNIVERSAL INTERNATIONAL GROUP DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.