Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2017 > January 2017 Decisions > G.R. No. 206617, January 30, 2017 - PHILIPPINE NUMISMATIC AND ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, Petitioner, v. GENESIS AQUINO, ANGELO BERNARDO, JR., EDUARDO M. CHUA, FERNANDO FRANCISCO, JR., FERMIN S. CARINO, PERCIVAL M. MANUEL, FERNANDO M. GAITE, JR., JOSE CHOA, TOMAS DE GUZMAN, JR., LI VI JU, CATALINO M. SILANGIL, RAMUNDO SANTOS, PETER SY, AND WILSON YULOQUE, Respondents.:




G.R. No. 206617, January 30, 2017 - PHILIPPINE NUMISMATIC AND ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, Petitioner, v. GENESIS AQUINO, ANGELO BERNARDO, JR., EDUARDO M. CHUA, FERNANDO FRANCISCO, JR., FERMIN S. CARINO, PERCIVAL M. MANUEL, FERNANDO M. GAITE, JR., JOSE CHOA, TOMAS DE GUZMAN, JR., LI VI JU, CATALINO M. SILANGIL, RAMUNDO SANTOS, PETER SY, AND WILSON YULOQUE, Respondents.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 206617, January 30, 2017

PHILIPPINE NUMISMATIC AND ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, Petitioner, v. GENESIS AQUINO, ANGELO BERNARDO, JR., EDUARDO M. CHUA, FERNANDO FRANCISCO, JR., FERMIN S. CARINO, PERCIVAL M. MANUEL, FERNANDO M. GAITE, JR., JOSE CHOA, TOMAS DE GUZMAN, JR., LI VI JU, CATALINO M. SILANGIL, RAMUNDO SANTOS, PETER SY, AND WILSON YULOQUE, Respondents.

D E C I S I O N

PERALTA, J.:

Before us is a Petition for Review on Certiorari1 under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court which seeks the reversal of the Decision2 dated September 6, 2012, and Resolution3 dated March 19, 2013 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 113864, which affirmed the dismissal of Civil Case No. 09- 122709 entitled Philippine Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Inc. v. Genesis Aquino, et al. by the Regional Trial Court (RTC), Branch 24, Manila.

The factual antecedents are as follows:

Petitioner Philippine Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Inc. (PNAS) is a non-stock, non-profit domestic corporation duly organized in accordance with Philippine Laws.4 On October 29, 2009, petitioner filed a complaint with the RTC, Branch 24, Manila docketed as Civil Case No. 09-1223885 praying for the issuance of a writ of a preliminary injunction against respondent Angelo Bernardo, Jr. The complaint was verified by respondents Eduardo M. Chua, Catalino M. Silangil and Percival M. Manuel who claimed to be the attorneys-in-fact of petitioner as per Secretary's Certificate attached to the complaint. Petitioner was represented by Atty. Faustino S. Tugade as counsel.6

On December 22, 2009, another complaint7 was filed by petitioner against respondents Genesis Aquino, Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Eduardo M. Chua, Fernando Francisco, Jr., Fermin S. Carino, Percival M. Manuel, Fernando M. Gaite, Jr., Jose Choa, Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Li Vi Ju, Catalino M. Silangil, Raymundo Santos, Peter Sy, and Wilson Yuloque docketed as Civil Case No. 09-122709 praying that the Membership Meeting conducted by defendants on November 25, 2008 be declared null and void. It is, likewise prayed that a temporary restraining order or a writ of preliminary injunction be issued for the defendants to desist from acting as the true members, officers and directors of petitioner. The verification was signed by Atty. William L. Villareal.8 The petitioner was represented by Siguion Reyna Montecillo and Ongsiako Law Office.9

On January 26, 2010, considering that there were two different parties claiming to be the representative of petitioner, the RTC issued a Joint Order directing the parties to submit within fifteen (15) days from notice the appropriate pleadings as to who are the true officers of PNAS and to submit all the documentary exhibits in support of their respective positions.10

Only respondents Eduardo M. Chua, Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Catalina M. Silangil, Peter Sy, Fernando Francisco, Jr., and Percival M. Manuel in Civil Case No. 09-122709 complied with the aforesaid Joint Order. In their Memorandum, they alleged that Atty. William F. Villareal who signed the verification in the complaint was not authorized by the Board of Directors of PNAS to institute the complaint in behalf of petitioner corporation, and that his action in filing the complaint is an ultra vires act and was in violation of Section 23 of the Corporation Code.11 The aforesaid respondents also filed their Answer dated January 29, 2010.

On the part of respondents Genesis Aquino, Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Li Vi Ju, and Raymundo Santos, they filed a Special Entry of Appearance to Question the Issue of Improper Service of Summons and Notices and Motion to Defer the Proceedings Until All the Said Issues Have Been Resolved. Petitioner then filed a Motion to Declare Defendants in Default and for Judgment Based on the Complaint dated February 10, 2010. Petitioner likewise filed a Request for Admission12 dated February 17, 2010.

Subsequently, on March 15, 2010, the RTC issued a Joint Order13 dismissing the complaint, thus:

The failure of plaintiff represented by Atty. William F. Villareal who alleged in the complaint that he is the President of Philippine Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Inc. and its duly-authorized representative to file the appropriate pleadings and submit documentary exhibits relative to his authority to file the instant complaint for and in behalf of plaintiff Philippine Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Inc. as mandated by the order of this Court during the hearing on January 26, 2010 lends credence to the assertion of defendants that he has no authority to represent plaintiff and to file the complaint in Civil Case No. 09- 122709. Consequently, the court has no other recourse but to order the dismissal of Civil Case No. 09-122709

Accordingly, Civil Case No. 09-122709 entitled Philippine Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Inc. versus Genesis Aquino, Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Eduardo M. Chua, Fernando Francisco, Jr., Fermin S. Carino, Percival M. Manuel, Fernando M. Gaite, Jr., Jose Choa, Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Li Vi Ju, Catalina M. Silangil, Raymundo Santos, Peter Sy, and Wilson Yuloque is hereby ordered DISMISSED.

This Order likewise renders moot and academic the Motion to Declare Defendants in Default and For Judgment Based on the Complaint filed by plaintiff in Civil Case No. 09-122709.

SO ORDERED.14

Petitioner then filed a Petition for Review15 dated May 12, 2010 with the CA under Rule 43 of the Rules of Court, in relation to A.M. No. 04-09-07 dated September 14, 2004. In a Decision dated September 6, 2012, the CA dismissed the petition.

Petitioner filed a motion for reconsideration,16 but the same was denied by the CA on March 19, 2013.

Hence, this petition, raising the following issues:

I

THE COURT OF APPEALS COMMITTED A GRAVE ERROR WHEN IT UPHELD THE DISMISSAL OF THE INTRA-CORPORATE CASE FOR PURPORTEDLY BEING A NUISANCE SUIT;

II

THE COURT OF APPEALS COMMITTED A GRAVE ERROR WHEN IT REFUSED TO CONSIDER, CONTRARY TO ESTABLISHED JURISPRUDENCE, A BOARD RESOLUTION/SECRETARY'S CERTIFICATE AS PROOF OF AUTHORITY TO FILE INITIATORY PLEADINGS FOR AND ON A COMPANY'S BEHALF;

III

THE COURT OF APPEALS DEPARTED FROM THE USUAL COURSE OF PROCEDURE WHEN IT DISMISSED THE CASE ON PROCEDURAL GROUNDS RATHER THAN ON THE MERITS AND THUS PRECLUDING PETITIONER FROM A JUST AND PROPER DETERMINATION OF ITS CASE.17

We deny the petition.

There is no question that a litigation should be disallowed immediately if it involves a person without any interest at stake, for it would be futile and meaningless to still proceed and render a judgment where there is no actual controversy to be thereby determined. Courts of law in our judicial system are not allowed to delve on academic issues or to render advisory opinions. They only resolve actual controversies involving rights that are legally demandable and enforceable.18

The Rules of Court, specifically Section 2 of Rule 3 thereof, requires that unless otherwise authorized by law or the Rules of Court, every action must be prosecuted or defended in the name of the real party-in-interest, thus:

Sec. 2. Parties-in-interest. � A real party-in-interest is the party who stands to be benefited or injured by the judgment in the suit, or the party entitled to the avails of the suit. Unless otherwise authorized by law or these Rules, every action must be prosecuted or defended in the name of the real party-in-interest.

This provision has two requirements: (1) to institute an action, the plaintiff must be the real party-in-interest; and (2) the action must be prosecuted in the name of the real party-in-interest. Interest within the meaning of the Rules of Court means material interest or an interest in issue to be affected by the decree or judgment of the case, as distinguished from mere curiosity about the question involved. One having no material interest to protect cannot invoke the jurisdiction of the court as the plaintiff in an action.19

The Interim Rules of Procedure for Intra-Corporate Controversies under Republic Act No. 8799 in A.M. No. 01-2-04-SC, effective on April 1, 2001 considers the suppletory application of the Rules of Court under Section 2, Rule 1, thus:

Section 2. Suppletory application of the Rules of Court. - The Rules of Court, in so far as they may be applicable and are not inconsistent with these Rules, are hereby adopted to form an integral part of these Rules.

Moreover, We consider the summary nature of the proceedings governed by the Interim Rules which is premised on one objective which is the expeditious disposition of cases.20

The purposes of the requirement for the real party in interest prosecuting or defending an action at law are: (a) to prevent the prosecution of actions by persons without any right, title or interest in the case; (b) to require that the actual party entitled to legal relief be the one to prosecute the action; (c) to avoid a multiplicity of suits; and (d) to discourage litigation and keep it within certain bounds, pursuant to sound public policy.21

The rule on real party-in-interest ensures, therefore, that the party with the legal right to sue brings the action, and this interest ends when a judgment involving the nominal plaintiff will protect the defendant from a subsequent identical action. Such a rule is intended to bring before the court the party rightfully interested in the litigation so that only real controversies will be presented and the judgment, when entered, will be binding and conclusive and the defendant will be saved from further harassment and vexation at the hands of other claimants to the same demand.22

In the case at bar, PNAS, as a corporation, is the real party-in-interest because its personality is distinct and separate from the personalities of its stockholders. A corporation has no power, except those expressly conferred on it by the Corporation Code and those that are implied or incidental to its existence. In turn, a corporation exercises said powers through its board of directors and/or its duly-authorized officers and agents. Thus, it has been observed that the power of a corporation to sue and be sued in any court is lodged with the board of directors that exercises its corporate powers. In turn, physical acts of the corporation, like the signing of documents, can be performed only by natural persons duly authorized for the purpose by corporate by-laws or by a specific act of the board of directors.23 It necessarily follows that "an individual corporate officer cannot solely exercise any corporate power pertaining to the corporation without authority from the board of directors".24

Section 23, in relation to Sec. 25 of the Corporation Code, clearly enunciates that all corporate powers are exercised, all business conducted, and all properties controlled by the board of directors. A corporation has a separate and distinct personality from its directors and officers and can only exercise its corporate powers through the board of directors. Thus, it is clear that an individual corporate officer cannot solely exercise any corporate power pertaining to the corporation without authority from the board of directors.25cralawred Absent the said board resolution, a petition may not be given due course. The application of the rules must be the general rule, and the suspension or even mere relaxation of its application, is the exception. This Court may go beyond the strict application of the rules only on exceptional cases when there is truly substantial compliance with the rule.26

Hence, since petitioner is a corporation, the certification attached to its complaint filed with the RTC must be executed by an officer or member of the board of directors or by one who is duly authorized by a resolution of the board of directors; otherwise, the complaint will have to be dismissed.27 Courts are not, after all, expected to take judicial notice of corporate board resolutions or a corporate officers' authority to represent a corporation.28 Petitioner's failure to submit proof that Atty. William L. Villareal has been authorized by PNAS to file the complaint is a sufficient ground for the dismissal thereof.

In Tamondong v. Court of Appeals,29 we held that if a complaint is filed for and in behalf of the plaintiff who is not authorized to do so, the complaint is not deemed filed. An unauthorized complaint does not produce any legal effect. Hence, the court should dismiss the complaint on the ground that it has no jurisdiction over the complaint and the plaintiff.30

In the present case, the real issue is whether Atty. William L. Villareal who claimed to be the President of PNAS in 2009, was indeed authorized through a Board Resolution to represent PNAS in filing Civil Case No. 09-122709.

Respondents Genesis Aquino, Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Li Vi Ju, and Raymundo Santos aver that Atty. Villareal was President in 2007 and was never reelected from then on. They presented the notarized Certificate of Elections dated November 25, 2008 which shows that respondent Angelo Bernardo, Jr. was the one elected as President, while respondent Francisco Fernando, Jr. was elected as Secretary for the year 2009 during the election held on November 25, 2008.31 Though the election of officers on November 25, 2008 was the subject of the complaint that was dismissed, Atty. Villareal did not present any proof that indeed he was President in 2009 when he filed the complaint.

As correctly ruled by the CA, Atty. Villareal was given the opportunity to prove his authority to institute the complaint considering that there were two different parties representing the petitioner in two cases filed before the RTC, Branch 24, Manila. If indeed Atty. Villareal was authorized to file the complaint, he could have simply presented a Board Resolution to prove that he was authorized. Neither did he file the appropriate pleadings and submit documentary exhibits relative to his authority to file the complaint for and in behalf of petitioner as mandated by the Joint Order of the RTC during its hearing on January 26, 2010. As correctly stated by the RTC, such failure on the part of Atty. Villareal gave credence to the assertion of respondents herein that he has no authority to represent petitioner and to file the complaint in Civil Case No. 09-122709.

Moreover, the records would show that Atty. Villareal ceased to be a director in 2009, not in 2008 as erroneously found by the CA. But what is material is that he was not anymore a director in 2009 at the time he filed the complaint. This is evidenced by the notarized Certificate of Elections32 dated November 23, 2008 which shows that he was not among the eleven (11) Directors elected for 2009. The Board of Directors elected were respondents Fernando Gaite, Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Fermin S. Cari�o, Eduardo M. Chua, Catalino M. Silangil, Peter Sy, Fernando Francisco, Jr., Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Li Vi Ju, Jose Choa and Percival M. Manuel. Also the General Information Sheet (GIS)33 filed on November 27, 2008 shows that respondent Angelo Bernardo, Jr.34 was the one elected as President for the year 2009, while respondent Francisco Fernando, Jr. was elected as Secretary.

Assuming the officers for 2009 were illegally elected as claimed by Atty. Villareal, We note that Atty. Villareal could not even be President in a hold-over capacity because he was not the one elected as President in 2008. From his own evidence attached to the petition as Annex "A", the GIS filed on July 10, 200835 shows that it was respondent Tomas Z. De Guzman who was elected as President and respondent Eduardo M. Chua as Secretary for the year 2008.

The said fact was also stated by the respondents Eduardo M. Chua, Fernando Francisco, Jr., Fermin S. Cari�o, Percival M. Manuel, Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Catalino M. Silangil and Peter Sy in their comment to the instant petition. They averred that Atty. William Villareal was 2007 President of PNAS. In the year 2008, he was still elected as one of the eleven (11) members of the Board of Directors during the election on November 25, 2007 held at the Manila Yacht Club at Roxas Boulevard, Manila. But, he was not anymore elected president. It was respondent Tomas Z. De Guzman who was elected by a vote of six directors36 as against five votes for Atty. William Villareal.37 The other officers elected were respondents Catalina M. Silangil (Vice President), Eduardo M. Chua (Secretary), Genesis Aquino (Treasurer) and Angelo Bernardo, Jr. (Auditor).

The aforesaid respondents further averred that Atty. William Villareal and his minority group of directors, namely, Antonio Carinan, Edward Nocom, Rufino Fermin and Albert Dealino, refused to honor the new set of officers.38 Also, Atty. William Villareal allegedly refused to turn-over and submit an accounting of all the records. Thus, respondents Catalina M. Silangil, Eduardo M. Chua, Angelo Bernardo, Jr. and Fernando M. Gaite, Jr. filed a Complaint for Annulment of Corporate Acts, Accounting, Inventory, Recovery of Corporate Items, Funds and Properties and for Damages with Prayer for TRO and Preliminary Injunction before RTC, Branch 46, Manila docketed as Civil Case No. 08-120341.39

Furthermore, it was alleged in the instant petition that Atty. Villareal is a member of the Board of Directors since 2001 to present. The General Information Sheet (GIS) for the years 2008 to 201140 were attached to the petition to prove the allegation. We wonder, however, why these documents were not presented in the RTC nor attached to the petition filed with the CA. We also observe that there were no elected officers for the year 2008 as appearing on the GIS which was accomplished and filed only in May 18, 2011.41 Likewise, the GIS for the years 2009 to 2011 where it was stated that Atty. Villaruel was the President appears no indication that it was filed with the SEC. As stated in the instructions on the GIS, a GIS Form is required to be filed within thirty (30) days following the date of the annual or a special meeting, and must be certified and sworn to by the corporate secretary, or by the president, or any duly authorized officer of the corporation.42

Indeed, there was no proof submitted that Atty. Villareal was duly authorized by petitioner to file the complaint and sign the verification and certification against forum shopping43 dated December 21, 2009. Where the plaintiff is not the real party-in-interest, the ground for the motion to dismiss is lack of cause of action. The reason for this is that the courts ought not to pass upon questions not derived from any actual controversy. Truly, a person having no material interest to protect cannot invoke the jurisdiction of the court as the plaintiff in an action. Nor does a court acquire jurisdiction over a case where the real party-in-interest is not present or impleaded.44

Under our procedural rules, "a case is dismissible for lack of personality to sue upon proof that the plaintiff is not the real party-in� interest, hence, grounded on failure to state a cause of action."45 Indeed, considering that all civil actions must be based on a cause of action, defined as the act or omission by which a party violates the right of another, the former as the defendant must be allowed to insist upon being opposed by the real party-in-interest so that he is protected from further suits regarding the same claim. Under this rationale, the requirement benefits the defendant because "the defendant can insist upon a plaintiff who will afford him a setup providing good res judicata protection if the struggle is carried through on the merits to the end.46

Procedural rules are not to be disdained as mere technicalities that may be ignored at will to suit the convenience of a party. Adjective law is important in ensuring the effective enforcement of substantive rights through the orderly and speedy administration of justice. These rules are not intended to hamper litigants or complicate litigation but, indeed to provide for a system under which a suitor may be heard in the correct form and manner and at the prescribed time in a peaceful confrontation before a judge whose authority they acknowledge.47

WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED. The Decision of Court Appeals dated September 6, 2012, and its Resolution dated March 19, 2013 in CA-G.R. SP No. 113864 are hereby AFFIRMED.

SO ORDERED.

Carpio, (Chairperson), Mendoza, Leonen, and Jardeleza,*JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


* Designated Additional Member per Special Order No 2416, Dated January 4, 2017.

1 Rollo, pp. 9-29.

2 Penned byAssociate Justice Agnes Reyes-Carpio, with Associate Justices Rosalinda Asuncion�Vicente and Priscilla J. Baltazar-Padilla, concurring; id. at 32-38.

3Id. at 39-40.

4 PNAS was organized for the purpose of, among others, to promote the science of numismatics and antiquary through the study and collection of coins, paper money, medals, seals, plaques, antiques, etc. and to encourage the preservation of existing historical monuments and tablets in different parts of the country; id. at 360 and 11.

5 A Judgment Based on Compromise was rendered in Civil Case No. 09-122388 on December 8, 2010, id. at 364.

6Rollo, p. 33.

7Id. at 207-216.

8Id. at 217-218.

9Id. at 205.

10Id. at 204.

11Id. at 205.

12Id. at 14.

13Id. at 204-206.

14Id. at 205-206.

15Id. at 180-203.

16Id. at 39-40.

17Id. at 15.

18Stronghold Insurance Company, Inc. v. Tomas Cuenca, et al., 705 Phil. 441, 454 (2013).

19Gerve Magallanes v. Palmer Asia, Inc., G.R. No. 205179, July 18, 2014, 730 SCRA 259, 269.

20Sy Tiong Shiou et al. v. Sy Chim, et al., 601 Phil. 510, 535 (2009).

21 Stronghold Insurance Company, Inc. v. Tomas Cuenca, et al., supra note 18, at 455.

22Id.

23] Republic v. Coalbrine International Philippines, Inc., 631 Phil. 487, 495 (2010); Shipside Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 404 Phil. 981, 994 (2001).

24Swedish Match Philippines, Inc. v. The Treasurer of the City of Manila, 713 Phil. 240, 247 (2013).

25cralawred South Cotabato Communications Corp., et al. v. Sto. Tomas, 653 Phil. 240, 248 (2010).

26Esguerra vs. Holcim Philippines, Inc., 717 Phil. 77, 90 (2013).

27 Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc. v. Kemper Insurance Company, 686 Phil. 327, 337 (2012); citing Tamondong v. Court of Appeals, 486 Phil. 729, 742 (2004).

28Development Bank of the Philippines v. Court of Appeals, et al., 483 Phil. 216, 221 (2004).

29 Supra note 27.

30Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc. v. Kemper Insurance Company, supra note 27.

31 Rollo, p, 337.

32Id. at 293.

33Id. at 248-251.

34 On May 7, 2010, a group of respondents led by Eduardo M. Chua, Catalina M. Silangil and Percival M. Manuel allegedly conducted an "illegal" election to oust respondent Bernardo from his post which resulted in the filing of Civil Case No. 09-122388. But, a Judgment Based on Compromise was rendered in Civil Case No. 09-122388 on December 8, 2010; id. at 319 and 364.

35Id. at 52-55.

36 Those who voted were respondents Tomas Z. Guzman, Catalino M. Silangil, Eduardo M. Chua, Genesis Aquino, Angelo Bernardo, Jr. (Auditor) and Fernando Gaite.

37Id. at 361.

38 Allegedly as a result of the election, respondents Angelo Bernardo, Jr., Eduardo M. Chua, Fernando M. Gaite, Jr., Tomas De Guzman, Jr., Catalino M. Silangil filed a derivative suit docketed as Q-08-189 at Branch 93, RTC, Quezon City but was dismissed due to wrong venue; id. at 317-318.

39 On October 28, 2009, the case was dismissed for failure of the court to acquire jurisdiction over the persons of the defendants, id. at 285 and 364.

40Id. at 52-74.

41Id. at 60.

42Sy Tiong Shiou et al. v. Sy Chim, et al., supra note 20.

43Rollo, pp. 217-218.

44Stronghold Insurance Company, Inc. v. Tomas Cuenca, et al., supra note 18.

45Gerve Magallanes v. Palmer Asia, Inc., supra note 19.

46Stronghold Insurance Company, Inc. v. Tomas Cuenca, et al., supra note 18, at 455.

47Bank of the Philippine Islands v. Court of Appeals, et al., 646 Phil. 617, 627 (2010).




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  • A.C. No. 10533, January 31, 2017 - SILVESTRA MEDINA AND SANTOS MEDINA LORAYA, Complainant, v. ATTY. RUFINO LIZARDO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199977, January 25, 2017 - SCANMAR MARITIME SERVICES, INC., CROWN SHIPMANAGEMENT INC., AND VICTORIO Q. ESTA, Petitioners, v. WILFREDO T. DE LEON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184450, January 24, 2017 - JAIME N. SORIANO, MICHAEL VERNON M. GUERRERO, MARY ANN L. REYES, MARAH SHARYN M. DE CASTRO AND CRIS P. TENORIO, Petitioners, v. SECRETARY OF FINANCE AND THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.; G.R. No. 184508 - SENATOR MANUEL A. ROXAS, Petitioner, v. MARGARITO B. TEVES, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND LILIAN B. HEFTI, IN HER CAPACITY AS COMMISSIONER OF THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.; G.R. No. 184538 - TRADE UNION CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES (TUCP), REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, DEMOCRITO T. MENDOZA, Petitioner, v. MARGARITO B. TEVES, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND LILIAN B. HEFTI, IN HER CAPACITY AS COMMISSIONER OF THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE Respondents.; G.R. No. 185234 - SENATOR FRANCIS JOSEPH G. ESCUDERO, TAX MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. AND ERNESTO G. EBRO, Petitioners, v. MARGARITO B. TEVES, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND SIXTO S. ESQUIVIAS IV, IN HIS CAPACITY AS COMMISSIONER OF THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 186967, January 18, 2017 - DIVINA PALAO, Petitioner, v. FLORENTINO III INTERNATIONAL, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 168288, January 25, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. HAROLD TIO GO, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. MTJ-16-1887 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 15-2814-MTJ], January 09, 2017 - TRINIDAD GAMBOA-ROCES, Complainant, v. JUDGE RANHEL A. PEREZ, PRESIDING JUDGE, MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT, ENRIQUE MAGALONA-MANAPLA, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-11-2989 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 09-3249-P), January 10, 2017 - WYNA MARIE P. GARINGAN�FERRERAS, Complainant, v. EDUARDO T. UMBLAS, LEGAL RESEARCHER II, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 33, BALLESTEROS, CAGAYAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212375, January 25, 2017 - KABISIG REAL WEALTH DEV., INC. AND FERNANDO C. TIO, Petitioners, v. YOUNG CORPORATION BUILDERS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220617, January 30, 2017 - NESTLE PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. BENNY A. PUEDAN, JR., JAYFER D. LIMBO, BRODNEY N. AVILA, ARTHUR C. AQUINO, RYAN A. MIRANDA, RONALD R. ALAVE, JOHNNY A. DIMAYA, MARLON B. DELOS REYES, ANGELITO R. CORDOVA, EDGAR S. BARRUGA, CAMILO B. CORDOVA, JR., JEFFRY B. LANGUISAN, EDISON U. VILLAPANDO, JHEIRNEY S. REMOLIN, MARY LUZ A. MACATALAD,* JENALYN M. GAMUROT, DENNIS G. BAWAG, RAQUEL A. ABELLERA, AND RICANDRO G. GUATNO, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 213224, January 16, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROQUE DAYADAY Y DAGOOC, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 207838, January 25, 2017 - LEO T. MAULA, Petitioner, v. XIMEX DELIVERY EXPRESS, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 214303, January 30, 2017 - DELFIN C. GONZALEZ, JR., Petitioner, v. MAGDALENO M. PE�A, ALABANG COUNTRY CLUB, INC., AND MS. ARSENIA VERA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 200009, January 23, 2017 - SPRING HOMES SUBDIVISION CO., INC., SPOUSES PEDRO L. LUMBRES AND REBECCA T. ROARING, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES PEDRO TABLADA, JR. AND ZENAIDA TABLADA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206627, January 18, 2017 - VAN CLIFFORD TORRES Y SALERA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206390, January 30, 2017 - JACK C. VALENCLA, Petitioner, v. CLASSIQUE VINYL PRODUCTS CORPORATION, JOHNNY CHANG (OWNER) AND/OR CANTINGAS MANPOWER SERVICES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 218466, January 23, 2017 - MANNY RAMOS, ROBERTO SALONGA AND SERVILLANO NACIONAL, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.; G.R. No. 221425 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MANNY RAMOS, ROBERTO SALONGA A.K.A. "JOHN," "KONYONG" SALONGA AND SERVILLANO NACIONAL @ "INONG" @ DIONISIO NACIONAL, Accused-Appellants.

  • GR. No. 194190, January 25, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH), Petitioner, v. SPOUSES FRANCISCO R. LLAMAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 215009, January 23, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. CARMEN SANTORIO GALENO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212774, January 23, 2017 - WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY-PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. GUILLERMO T. MAGLAYA, SR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192159, January 25, 2017 - COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. MARK SENSING AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD., MARK SENSING PHILIPPINES, INC. AND OFELIA B. CAJIGAL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219829, January 18, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MONIR JAAFAR Y TAMBUYONG, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 193397, January 25, 2017 - ESTRELLA MEJIA-ESPINOZA AND NORMA MEJIA DELLOSA, Petitioners, v. NENA A. CARI�O, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 178842, January 30, 2017 - RENE H. IMPERIAL AND NIDSLAND RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Petitioners, v. HON. EDGAR L. ARMES, PRESIDING JUDGE OF BRANCH 4, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, 5TH JUDICIAL REGION, LEGAZPI CITY AND ALFONSO B. CRUZ, JR., Respondents.; G.R. No. 195509 - ALFONSO B. CRUZ, Petitioner, v. RENE IMPERIAL AND NIDSLAND RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219509, January 18, 2017 - ILOILO JAR CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMGLASCO CORPORATION/AGUILA GLASS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215331, January 23, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. LUDIGARIO BELEN Y MARASIGAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 175949, January 30, 2017 - UNITED ALLOY PHILIPPINES CORPORATION, SPOUSES DAVID C. CHUA AND LUTEN CHUA, Petitioners, v. UNITED COCONUT PLANTERS BANK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220506, January 18, 2017 - C.I.C.M. MISSION SEMINARIES (MARYHURST, MARYHEIGHTS, MARYSHORE AND MARYHILL) SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY, INC., FR. ROMEO NIMEZ, CICM, Petitioners, v. MARIA VERONICA C. PEREZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219345, January 30, 2017 - SECURITY BANK CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. GREAT WALL COMMERCIAL PRESS COMPANY, INC., ALFREDO BURIEL ATIENZA, FREDINO CHENG ATIENZA AND SPS. FREDERICK CHENG ATIENZA AND MONICA CU ATIENZA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 211175, January 18, 2017 - ATTY. REYES G. GEROMO, FLORENCIO BUENTIPO, JR., ERNALDO YAMBOT AND LYDIA BUSTAMANTE, Petitioners, v. LA PAZ HOUSING AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189714, January 25, 2017 - TPG CORPORATION (FORMERLY THE PROFESSIONAL GROUP PLANS, INC.), Petitioner, v. ESPERANZA B. PINAS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193150, January 23, 2017 - LOIDA M. JAVIER, Petitioner, v. PEPITO GONZALES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 5582, January 24, 2017 - ARTHUR O. MONARES, Complainant, v. ATTY. LEVI P. MU�OZ, Respondent.; A.C. No. 5604, January 24, 2017 - ALBAY ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, INC., Complainant, v. ATTY. LEVI P. MU�OZ, Respondent.; A.C. No. 5652, January 24, 2017 - BENJILIEH M. CONSTANTE,1, Complainant, v. ATTY. LEVI P. MU�OZ, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11545 (Formerly CBD case No. 12-3439), January 24, 2017 - SUSAN LOBERES-PINTAL, Complainant, v. ATTY. RAMONCITO B. BAYLOSIS, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 205045 & 205723, January 25, 2017 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3615 (Formerly A.M. No. 15-8-249-RTC), January 24, 2017 - MARITA TOLENTINO AND FELY SAN ANDRES, Complainants, v. SHERIFF IV GLENN A. UMALI, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 10, MALOLOS CITY, BULACAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207971, January 23, 2017 - ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, Petitioner, v. ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT FACULTY ASSOCIATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212376, January 31, 2017 - MADAG BUISAN, ET AL., NAMELY: HADJI MUSA MANALAG, HADJI SUKOR MAMADRA, H. SALAM TUMAGANTANG, SUGRA SUKOR BUISAN, MONAURA TUMAGANTAING, NOJA TUMAGANTANG, SULTAN BUISAN, PAULO TUMAGANTANG,DAKUNDAY MANALAG, KINGI BUISAN, BUGOY PANANGBUAN, TUMBA TUMAGANTANG, MAMALO ELI, MALIGA ATOGAN, PAGUIAL SALDINA, EBRAHIM TAGURAK, HADJI ESMAEL KASAN, OTAP GANDAWALI, TWAN IT SALAM, EDEL SABAL, GUIMA H. SALAM, KATUNTONG H. SALAM, THONY IBAD, BANGKALING BANTAS, ALON KIKI, DAMDAEN TUMAGANTANG, MAMASALIDO KIKI, ROSTAN TUMAGANTANG, MONTASER DAMDAMEN, MODSOL TANDIAN, RAHMAN SUKOR, SUKARNO H. SUKOR, KUNGAS PAYAG, JIMIE BUISAN, MADAODAO KEDTUNGEN, TUTIN MANALAG, DATU ALI MANALAG, TUGAYA MANALAG, SAGANDINGAN MANALAG, SAUIATRA MANALAG, KAUTIN MANALAG, PANTAS DALANDAS,ULAD BANTAS, PALANO BUISAN, PANIANG BUISAN, INDASIA BUISAN, MAKAKWA BUISAN, SULTAN BUISAN, MANTIKAN BUISAN, ABULKARIM TUMAGANTANG, SAKMAG MANALAG, DEMALANES BUISAN, MANALAG PAKAMAMA, MALAMBONG PANDIAN, ABDULKARIM TUMAGANTANG, GUIANDAL OPAO, KUSIN PUWI, H. SULAIMAN UNAK, PABLO ALQUESAR, SAGIBA GABAO, TABUAN LUAY, POTENCIANO NAVARRO, KUSIN PENEL, MALAMON TALIB, MALIGA BIDA, MOKAMAD KUDALIS, CEDULA PAGABANGAN, SALILAGUIA LENANDANG, ENGKEL ALILAYA, MANGATOG SUDANG, MANAGKING MANGATONG, SEVERINO FERNANDEZ, JOSEAS GOTOKANO, MALYOD LAWADI, MANSALGAN UDAY, SANDATO DALANDAS, BANTAS DALANDAS, MAMANTAL DALANDAS, MAKALIPUAS MAKALILAY, BINGKONG BUISAN, FARIDA SUMAGKA, NUNET YUSOP, KADIGIA SABAL, NANANGGA TAYA, MAMA BANGKALING, CORRY DAMO, BUKA LATIP, MADAODAO KADTUNGAN, KOMINIE ADAM, BANGKALING BANTAS, RONIE EDZAKAL, KEDOPAO BUTO, SARIP EDZEMBAGA, TUTEN MANALAG, ABAS LATIP, MAKALIPUAS MAKALILAY, DAGENDENGAN ZUMBAGA, PAGUIAL LUBALANG, JIMMY BUISAN, KADIL SUKOR, JAKIRI LOZANO, MANUEL MAKATIMBEL, AISA BANSUAN, TATO BUISAN, HARON ABO, MAMAAN LAMADA, THING GUIAMILON, TATO SUMAGKA, NORALYN KAHAR, MOKAGI ANTAS, KINGI BUISAN, ZAINUDEN PANAYAMAN, PIAGA MANALAG, SAGIATRA MANALAG, SAILA LATIP, PINKI KADTUNGAN, ALI KADTUNGAN, NANDING TAYA, INDAY BUISAN, KINTOL KADTUNGAN, MALAWINIE EDZAKAL, MINGUTIN AMAL, BUGLI MANALAG, MANGAPANG SADINA, KURANUNGAN SADINA, SANGUTIN LUBALANG, DAUD H. LATIP, REY PALAMAN, MONTANER KID, BAKATED KADTUNGAN, GUIAMATULA DIMAGIL, ALON H. LATIP, SULTAN BUISAN, HADJI MUSA MANALAG, MANTO BANTAS, ABAS L. LATIP RODIEL KID, DATU BUTO ALI, ODIN TIAGO, ABDUL ANTA, EMBIT BUKA, LAGA KID, ULAMA DALUS, SUWAILA DAMDAMIN, TALILISAN PALEMBA, LANTOKA PATOG, MAKATEGKA BANGKONG, BEMBI KUDO, MOGAWAN GINANTE, PATANG BALODTO, EUSEBIO QUIJANO, FAISAN TAYA, LAGA KAHAR, ESMAEL KID, TAYA PALAMAN, NORJANA BUISAN, TONTONGAN MANALAG, SAMIER MANGULI, SINUMAGAD BANSUAN, BHING HARON, NENENG BUISAN, DIDO KID, ZALDI AGIONG, ROWENA MANALAG, NASSER MAMALANGKAP, TANOSI ZUMBAGA, GUIDAT DANDALANAN, FATIMA KID, KIMAMA KATIMPO, ALON GUIANDAL, MAMALUBA AKOD, AIN SUKOR AND NORIA DALANDAS, ALL REPRESENTED BY BAI ANNIE C. MONTAWAL, Petitioners, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT AND DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 193156, January 18, 2017 - IVQ LANDHOLDINGS, INC., Petitioner, v. REUBEN BARBOSA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212818, January 25, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GREGORIO QUITA ALIAS "GREG", Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3550 (Formerly A.M. IPI No. 14-4252-P), January 31, 2017 - JUDGE GUILLERMO P. AGLORO, Complainant, v. COURT INTERPRETER LESLIE BURGOS, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE/CLERK III ANNALIZA P. SANTIAGO, COURT STENOGRAPHER MARISSA M. GARCIA, AND CLERK III JULIETA FAJARDO, ALL OF REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 83, MALOLOS CITY, BULACAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 202781, January 10, 2017 - CRISANTO M. AALA, ROBERT N. BALAT, DATU BELARDO M. BUNGAD, CESAR B. CUNTAPAY, LAURA S. DOMINGO, GLORIA M. GAZMEN-TAN, AND JOCELYN P. SALUDARES-CADAYONA, Petitioners, v. HON. REY T. UY, IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE CITY MAYOR OF TAGUM CITY, DAVAO DEL NORTE, MR. ALFREDO H. SILAWAN, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CITY ASSESSOR OF TAGUM CITY, HON. DE CARLO L. UY, HON. ALLAN L. RELLON, HON. MARIA LINA F. BAURA, HON. NICANDRO T. SUAYBAGUIO, JR., HON. ROBERT L. SO, HON. JOEDEL T. CAASI, HON. OSCAR M. BERMUDEZ, HON. ALAN D. ZULUETA, HON. GETERITO T. GEMENTIZA, HON. TRISTAN ROYCE R. AALA, HON. FRANCISCO C. REMITAR, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS CITY COUNCILORS OF TAGUM CITY, DAVAO DEL NORTE, HON. ALFREDO R. PAGDILAO, IN HIS CAPACITY AS ABC REPRESENTATIVE, AND HON. MARIE CAMILLE C. MANANSALA, IN HER CAPACITY AS SKF REPRESENTATIVE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190431, January 31, 2017 - BAYAN MUNA PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVE SATUR C. OCAMPO, GABRIELA WOMEN'S PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVE LIZA L. MAZA, BAYAN MUNA PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVE TEODORO A. CASI�O, ANAKPAWIS PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVE JOEL B. MAGLUNSOD, PAGKAKAISA NG MGA SAMAHAN NG TSUPER AT OPERATOR NATIONWIDE (PISTON), REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY GENERAL GEORGE F. SAN MATEO, Petitioners; AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, GLICERIO M. MANZANO, JR., RAUL M. CONSUNJI, AND LYN C. BRONTE, Petitioners-In-Intervention, v. LEANDRO R. MENDOZA SECRETARY OF DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS; ARTURO C. LOMIBAO, CHIEF OF THE LAND TRANSPORTATION OFFICE, AND STRADCOM CORPORATION, Respondents.; FEDERATION OF JEEPNEY OPERATORS AND DRIVERS ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES (FEJODAP) REPRESENTED BY ZENAIDA "MARANAN" DE CASTRO, ALLIANCE OF TRANSPORT OPERATORS AND DRIVERS ASSOCIATIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES (ALTODAP) REPRESENTED BY MELENCIO "BOY" VARGAS, LAND TRANSPORTATION ORGANIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINES (LTOP) REPRESENTED BY ORLANDO MARQUEZ, NTU�TRANSPORTER REPRESENTED BY ALEJO SAYASA, PASANG-MASDA NATIONWIDE, INC., REPRESENTED BY ROBERTO "OBET" MARTIN, ALLIANCE OF CONCERNED TRANSPORT ORGANIZATIONS (ACTO) REPRESENTED BY EFREN DE LUNA, Oppositors-Intervenors.

  • G.R. No. 207156, January 16, 2017 - TURKS SHAWARMA COMPANY/GEM ZE�AROSA, Petitioners, v. FELICIANO Z. PAJARON AND LARRY A. CARBONILLA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 184317, January 25, 2017 - METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, Petitioner, v. LIBERTY CORRUGATED BOXES MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207786, January 30, 2017 - SPOUSES MARCELIAN TAPAYAN AND ALICE TAPAYAN, Petitioners, v. PONCEDA M. MARTINEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206038, January 25, 2017 - MARY E. LIM, REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, REYNALDO V. LIM, Petitioner, v. MOLDEX LAND, INC., 1322 ROXAS BOULEVARD CONDOMINIUM CORPORATION, AND JEFFREY JAMINOLA, EDGARDO MACALINTAL, JOJI MILANES, AND CLOTHILDA ANNE ROMAN, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS PURPORTED MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF 1322 GOLDEN EMPIRE CORPORATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196347, January 23, 2017 - SUSAN A. YAP, Petitioner, v. ELIZABETH LAGTAPON, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-14-2401 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 12-3841-RTJ), January 25, 2017 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. EXECUTIVE JUDGE ILLUMINADA P. CABATO, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT [RTC], BAGUIO CITY; CLERK OF COURT IV ARMANDO G. YDIA, PROCESS SERVER I SONNY S. CARAGAY, CLERK OF COURT III OFELIA T. MONDIGUING, SHERIFF III JOSE E. ORPILLA, AND CLERK III VILMA C. WAYANG, ALL OF THE OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES [MTCC], BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE ROBERTO R. MABALOT, CLERK OF COURT III LOURDES G. CAOILI, AND UTILITY WORKER I ANTINO M. WAKIT, ALL OF BRANCH I, MTCC, BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE JENNIFER P. HUMINDING, COURT STENOGRAPHER II PERLA B. DELACRUZ, COURT STENOGRAPHER II GRACE F. DESIERTO, COURT STENOGRAPHER II CAROLYN B. DUMAG, COURT STENOGRAPHER II MARY ROSE VIRGINIA O. MATIC, AND CLERK IV LOURDES D. WANGWANG, ALL OF BRANCH 2, MTCC, BAGUIO CITY; CLERK OF COURT REMEDIOS BALDERAS-REYES, SHERIFF IV RUBEN L. ATIJERA, CASH CLERK II MERLIN ANITA N. CALICA, PROCESS SERVER EDWIN V. FANGONIL, SHERIFF IV ROMEO R. FLORENDO, LIBRARIAN II NAMNAMA L. LOPEZ, CLERK III JEFFREY G. MENDOZA, CLERK II ROLANDO G. MONTES, COURT STENOGRAPHER III VENUS D. SAGUID, AND UTILITY WORKER I FRANCISCO D. SIAPNO, ALL OF THE OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; CLERK OF COURT GAIL M. BACBAC-DEL ISEN, COURT STENOGRAPHER III RESTITUTO A. CORPUZ, COURT STENOGRAPHER MARLENE A. DOMAOANG, AND LEGAL RESEARCHER II FLORENCE F. SALANGO, ALL OF BRANCH 3, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE MIA JOY C. OALLARES-CAWED, LEGAL RESEARCHER II ELIZABETH G. AUCENA, CLERK OF COURT V RUTH B. BAWAYAN, COURT STENOGRAPHER III JOY P. CHILEM-AGUILBA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III LEONILA P. FERNANDEZ, PROCESS SERVER MARIA ESPERANZA N. JACOB, COURT CLERK III REYNALDO R. RAMOS, COURT INTERPRETER III MELITA C. SALINAS, AND COURT CLERK III WILMA M. TAMANG, ALL OF BRANCH 4, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE ANTONIO M. ESTEVES, UTILITY WORKER JONATHAN R. GERONIMO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III PRECY T. GOZE, CLERK OF COURT V ALEJANDRO EPIFANIO D. GUERRERO, AND COURT STENOGRAPHER III VIRGINIA M. RAMIREZ, ALL OF BRANCH 5, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; CLERK OF COURT MYLENE MAY ADUBE-CABUAG, PROCESS SERVER ROBERTO G. CORO�A, JR., COURT STENOGRAPHER III VICTORIA J. DERASMO, CLERK OF COURT III BOBBY D. GALANO, UTILITY WORKER MANOLO V. MARIANO III, AND CLERK III ROWENA C. PASAG, ALL OF BRANCH 6, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE MONA LISA TIONGSON-TABORA, PROCESS SERVER ROMEO E. BARBACHANO, COURT STENOGRAPHER EDNA P. CASTILLO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III DOLORES M. ESERIO, COURT INTERPRETER III GEORGE HENRY A. MANIPON, COURT STENOGRAPHER III ANITA MENDOZA, CLERK III DOMINADOR B. REMIENDO, AND CLERK III DOLORES G. ROMERO, ALL OF BRANCH 7, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; UTILITY WORKER GILBERT L. EVANGELISTA, PROCESS SERVER EDUARDO B. RODRIGO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III ELIZABETH M. LOCKEY, COURT STENOGRAPHER III ANALIZA G. MADRONIO, CLERK III EVANGELINE N. GONZALES, COURT STENOGRAPHER III MARILOU M. TADAO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III AGNES P. MACA-EY, SHERIFF IV MARANI S. BACOLOD, CLERK III EDGARDO R. ORATE, AND LEGAL RESEARCHER JESSICA D. GUANSING, ALL OF BRANCH 59, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; CLERK OF COURT ROGER NAFIANOG, COURT STENOGRAPHER III RUTH C. LAGAN, COURT STENOGRAPHER III ELEANOR V. NI�ALGA, CLERK III ANGELINA M. SANTIAGO, UTILITY WORKER LEO P. VALDEZ, AND CLERK III SAMUEL P. VIDAD, ALL OF BRANCH 60, RTC, BAGUIO CITY; JUDGE ANTONIO C. REYES, COURT INTERPRETER III ELEANOR I. BUCAYCAY, LEGAL RESEARCHER II JOAN G. CASTILLO, CLERK OF COURT V JERICO G. GAY�YA, CLERK III CONCEPCION SOLIVEN VDA. PULMANO, AND SHERIFF IV ALBERT G. TOLENTINO, ALL OF BRANCH 61, RTC, BAGUIO CITY, Respondents.