Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2019 > July 2019 Decisions > A.C. No. 4178 - PEDRO LUKANG, COMPLAINANT, v. ATTY. FRANCISCO R. LLAMAS, RESPONDENT.:

Complainant Pedro Lukang seeks the disbarment of respondent Atty. Francisco R. Llamas for violation of the Lawyer's Oath, Section 20, Rule 138 of the Rules of Court, and the Code of Professional Responsibility.

The complainant stated in his original petition for disbarment against the respondent dated November 15, 1993¹ and in the series of supplemental petitions dated August 19, 1996,² September 11, 1998,³ and November 3, 1998,⁴ that:

(1)	he was a party in civil cases seeking the annulment of title, annulment of deed of donation, reconveyance of properties, accounting and receivership of lands; and in criminal cases for falsification of public documents, perjury and false testimony filed in the Municipal Trial Courts (MTC) and the Regional Trial Court (RTC) in Lucena City, while the respondent was the opposing counsel;5
(2)	during the pendency of the civil and criminal cases, the respondent filed a petition for reconstitution6 of transfer certificates of title involving the lots subject matter of the pending civil cases in the Office of the Register of Deeds in Lucena City;7
(3)	in said petition for reconstitution, the respondent misleadingly alleged that his clients, Simeon and Rosalina Lukang, the half-siblings of the complainant, and Mercedes Dee, the mother of Simeon and Rosalina, were the true and registered owners of the properties, because he knew fully well that the ownership of the properties was the core issue in the cases then pending before the RTC and MTC;8
(4)	the respondent further falsely alleged that his clients were in possession of the subject properties, when in fact therein oppositor Leoncia Martinez-Lukang, the mother of the complainant, was in the actual possession thereof;9
(5)	the respondent, as the attorney-in-fact of Simeon and Rosalina, also falsely claimed that the subject properties were free from all liens and encumbrances, and deliberately did not indicate in the petition for reconstitution the pending cases assailing the titles over the subject properties;10
(6)	the respondent tampered the records of Civil Case No. 89- 87 likewise pending before the RTC in Lucena City by making it appear that he had received the order of non-suit on February 14, 1993, a Sunday, when the post office was closed, despite the order having been actually received by Matilde Castillo, his clerk-secretary, on December 14, 1992;11
(7)	the respondent obstructed the settlement of the cases among the members of the Lukang family, thereby causing further family dissensions;12
(8)	the respondent was a former judge who had been removed from service due to serious anomalies;13
(9)	the respondent committed forum-shopping by filing an intestacy case with petition for letters of administration and adjudication vis-a-vis the estate of the deceased Arsenio Lukang in the RTC in Manila, and subsequently, after the case was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction, by filing another intestacy case concerning the estates of deceased Arsenio Lukang and Mercedes Dee in the RTC in Para�aque City that included the same properties;14
(10)	the respondent was convicted as a co-conspirator in the crime of estafa under paragraph 2, Article 316 of the Revised Penal Code entitled People v. Francisco Llamas, et. al. and docketed as Criminal Case No. 11787, and such was in violation of his Lawyer's Oath and of the duties of an attorney;15 and
(11)	the respondent also obstructed the resolution of the Lukang family controversies by submitting a delayed and one-�sided proposal for the settlement of the issues.16

The respondent filed his answer on July 13, 1998,¹⁷ countering therein that he filed the questioned petition for reconstitution to protect the rights and interests of his clients who were the absolute, true and registered owners of the properties; that with respect to the alleged tampering of records, he confessed that he had committed an honest mistake in writing February 14 instead of February 15; that when he was engaged as counsel, the first thing he did was to encourage the resolution of the issues among the members of the Lukang family; that he did not obstruct the settlement among the Lukang family members; that although there was a resolution dismissing him as a judge for having "committed errors bordering on ignorance of the law," the resolution was ultimately reversed and set aside, and he was thereafter even promoted to the RTC in Makati City by President Ferdinand Marcos; and that anent the charge of forum-shopping, he filed the intestacy cases in venues that he considered appropriate.

In his supplement to the answer dated August 31, 1999,¹⁸ the respondent denied having been guilty of the crime of other forms of swindling, and argued that his conviction by the trial court was still the subject of an appeal in the Court of Appeals.



After investigation, Commissioner Milagros V. San Juan of the Commission on Bar Discipline of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (CBP-IBP) recommended the disbarment of the respondent, observing as follows:

The charge that respondent tampered with the records of the court by making it appear that he received the copy of the order of non-suit dated 3 December 1992 on 14 February 1993 which is Valentine's Day and a Sunday when the post office was closed, is supported by the confirmation of the Para�aque Central Post Office attached to the Complaint as Annex 'D'.

The charge that respondent committed Forum-Shopping is supported by the Decision rendered by Judge Agnes Reyes-Carpio of Paranaque Regional Trial Court Br. 257 dated 17 June 1996. Considering that the Decision convicting the respondent of the crime of Estafa in Criminal Case No. 11787 is still pending resolution before the Supreme Court, the Commission shall not discuss said case in resolving the complaint.

In view of all the foregoing, it is respectfully recommended that ATTY. FRANCISCO R. LLAMAS be Disbarred.¹⁹

On September 8, 2006, the IBP Board of Governors issued Resolution No. XVII-2006-443²⁰� adopting and approving the report of CBP-IBP Commissioner San Juan, but modifying the penalty to suspension from the practice of law for one year.

The respondent moved for reconsideration, but the IBP Board of Governors denied the motion through Resolution No. XX-2013-693²¹ dated June 20, 2013. However, for humanitarian reasons considering that the respondent was then already 82 years old at the time of resolution, the IBP Board of Governors lowered the penalty to suspension from the practice of law for six months.

Ruling of the Court

We agree with and uphold the findings and recommendation of the IBP Board of Governors.

A lawyer is first and foremost an officer of the court. As such, although he is required to serve his clients with utmost dedication, competence and diligence, his acts must always be within the bounds of law. Graver responsibility is imposed upon him than any other to uphold the integrity of the courts and show respect to their processes.²² Hence, any act on his part that obstructs, impedes and degrades the administration of justice constitutes professional misconduct necessitating the imposition of disciplinary sanctions against him.²³

In this case, the respondent did not live up to his duties and responsibilities as an officer of the court. We explain why.

Firstly, the respondent exhibited dishonesty and deceit in alleging in the petition for reconstitution that his clients had been the true and absolute owners of the property involved therein, and that such property had been free from all liens and encumbrances despite his knowledge that the ownership of the same was controversial and still the subject of several cases pending in the MTC and RTC in Lucena City.

Secondly, the respondent's act of instituting intestate proceedings involving the estate of the late Arsenio Lukang simultaneously in two courts of co-equal jurisdiction in the hope of obtaining a favorable ruling constituted a deliberate disregard of court processes that smacked of outright forum shopping and tended to unduly clog the courts' dockets. Further, he instituted the petition for letters of administration for the same estate despite the existence of a valid and binding extrajudicial settlement executed on August 5, 1976 by the heirs of the decedent.²⁴ Thereby, the respondent manifestly neglected his solemn vow under his Lawyer's Oath to act with all good fidelity to the courts and to maintain only such actions as appeared to him to be consistent with truth and honor.

Lastly, the respondent ignored his solemn duty under the Lawyer's Oath not to do any falsehood nor consent to its doing in court by noting in the records in Civil Case No. 89-87 of the RTC in Lucena City that he had received the order of non-suit only on February 14,� 1993, which was contradicted by the certification of the postmaster of the Para�aque Post Office to the effect that he had received it on December 14, 1992.²⁵

By the aforementioned acts, the respondent also violated Canon 10, Rule 10.01 and Rule 10.03 of the Code of Professional Responsibility, viz.:

Canon 10 � A lawyer owes candor, fairness and good faith to the court.

Rule 10.01 � A lawyer shall not do any falsehood, nor consent to the doing of any in court; nor shall he mislead, or allow the Court to be mislead by any artifice.

Rule 10.03 � A lawyer shall observe the rules of procedure and shall not misuse them to defeat the ends of justice.

Anent the respondent's conviction for the crime of other forms of swindling as defined and punished under Article 316, paragraph 2, of the Revised Penal Code, the Court, through the resolution dated August 16, 2010,²⁶ set aside its decision promulgated on September 29, 2009 in G.R. No. 149588 entitled Francisco R. Llamas and Carmelita C. Llamas v. Court of Appeals,²⁷ thereby acquitting him of the crime charged for failure of the Prosecution to prove his guilt beyond reasonable doubt. The consequence of the reversal of the conviction and his resulting acquittal, according to Interadent Zahntechnik, Phil., Inc. v. Francisco-Simbillo,²⁸� prevented the disbarment complaint based on the respondent attorney's moral turpitude from prospering.

We note, however, that this charge was not the first time that the respondent faced an administrative case and been held liable therefor. Earlier, in Santos, Jr. v. Llamas,²⁹ he was suspended from the practice of law for one year for failure to pay his IBP dues and for making misrepresentations in the pleadings he filed in court.

Given his multiple infractions committed against the Lawyer's Oath and the Code of Professional Responsibility, the respondent's suspension from the practice of law for six months is proper and condign.

WHEREFORE, the Court SUSPENDS respondent Atty. Francisco R. Llamas from the practice of law for six months effective upon receipt of this decision, with a STERN WARNING that a repetition of the same or similar acts will be dealt with more severely.

Let copies of this decision be furnished to the Office of the Bar Confidant; the Integrated Bar of the Philippines; and the Office of the Court Administrator for dissemination to all courts throughout the country.

SO ORDERED.

Del Castillo, Jardeleza, Gesmundo, and Carandang, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:

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¹Rollo (Vol. I), pp. 2-9.

² Id. at 67-70.

³ Id. at 104-105.

⁴ Id. at 118-122.

⁵ Id. at 2-4.

⁶ Id. at 11-14.

⁷ Id. at 4-5.

⁸ Id. at 5.

⁹ Id.

¹⁰ Id. at 6.

¹¹ Id. at 7-8.

¹² Id. at 8-9.

¹³ Id. at 9.

¹⁴ Id. at 68-70.

¹⁵ Id. at 104.

¹⁶ Id. at 118-122.

¹⁷ Id. at 91-97.

¹⁸ Id. at 175-176.

¹⁹Rollo (Vol. II), pp. 400-401.

²⁰ Id. at 452.

²¹ Id. at 451.

²²Bantolo v. Castillon, Jr., Adm. Case. No. 6589, December 19, 2005, 478 SCRA 443, 449.

²³ Id.

²⁴Rollo (Vol. I), pp. 281-284.

²⁵ Id. at 229.

²⁶Llamas v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 149588, August 16, 2010, 628 SCRA 302.

²⁷ 601 SCRA 228.

²⁸ A.C. No. 9464, August 24, 2016.

²⁹ A.C. No. 4749, January 20, 2000, 322 SCRA 529.