Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2012 > February 2012 Decisions > [G. R. No. 189021 : February 22, 2012] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. LUCIA M. GOMEZ, RESPONDENT. :




SECOND DIVISION

[G. R. No. 189021 : February 22, 2012]

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. LUCIA M. GOMEZ, RESPONDENT.

D E C I S I O N


SERENO, J.:

The present Petition seeks to reverse the Decision[1] of the Court of Appeals (CA) promulgated on 24 July 2009. The Decision affirmed the order for the registration of a 430-square meter property situated in Barangay Andagao, Kalibo, Aklan in the name of herein respondent.cralaw

The facts are as follows:

Lot No. 2872, Csd 06-005822, Psc. 24, Kalibo, Cadastre was alleged to have been originally possessed by Gabriel Gomez. In 1936, his nephew Emilio Gomez, who was the father of respondent herein, bought the lot in a public auction and declared it under the name of the heirs of Gabriel Gomez.

In 1945, the lot was declared for taxation purposes and was issued Tax Declaration (TD) No. 2234.  In 1955, Emilio declared part of Lot      No. 2872 under his name. When he died in 1969, his surviving spouse and children allegedly took continuous possession and occupancy of the lot, for which they paid real property tax. On 29 December 1986, the lot was allegedly partitioned by Emilio�s heirs when they executed a Deed of Adjudication with Consolidation and Extrajudicial Partition, by which Lot No. 2872-I was allegedly partitioned to petitioner.

Thus, on 15 December 1999, respondent filed an Application for registration of title with regard to her part.

Meanwhile, herein petitioner filed its Opposition to the Application on the following grounds:

1. That neither the [respondent] nor [her] predecessors-in-interest have been in open, continuous, exclusive and notorious possession and occupation of the land in question since June 12, 1945 or prior thereto (Sec. 48 (b), C.A. 141,[[2]] as amended by P.D. 1073).

2. That the muniments of title and/or the tax declaration/s and tax payment/s (sic) receipts of [respondent] does (sic) not constitute competent and sufficient evidence of bona fide acquisition of lands applied for; or her open, continuous, exclusive and notorious possession and occupation thereof, in the concept of owner, since June 12, 1945 or prior thereto. The alleged tax declarations adverted to in the petition do not appear to be genuine and the tax declaration/s and/or tax payment receipt/s indicate the pretended possession of applicant/s to be recent vintage.

3. That the claim of ownership in fee simple on the basis of Spanish title or grant can no longer be availed of by the applicant/s who have failed to file an appropriate application for registration within the period of six (6) months from February 16, 1976 as required by P.D. No. 892.[3] From the records, it appears that the instant application was filed on April 21, 1998.[4]

4. That the parcel/s applied for is/are portions of the public domain belonging to the Republic of the Philippines not subject to private appropriation.[5]

On 28 November 2002, the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) rendered its Decision[6] in favor of respondent, the dispositive portion of which states:

WHEREFORE, premises considered, judgment is hereby rendered ordering the parcel of land described in the survey plan of Lot 2872 as Lot No. 2872-I, Csd-06-005822, Psc-24 Kalibo Cadastre and its corresponding technical description with an area of four hundred thirty (430) square meters, more or less, situated in Brgy. Andagao, Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines brought under the Property Registration Degree (sic) (P.D. 1529) and the title thereto registered and confirmed in the name of Lucia M. Gomez, single, Filipino, of legal age, and resident of Toting Reyes Street, Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines.

SO ORDERED.

On appeal, petitioner alleged that respondent failed to prove that the subject lot was alienable and disposable; that she was further not able to prove open, continuous, exclusive, and peaceful possession for at least thirty (30) years; and that the requirements of Presidential Decree (P.D.) No. 1529[7] had not been complied with.

Petitioner asserted that respondent had the burden to prove that the subject lot was alienable and disposable. Failing to present this certification, she failed to overcome that burden.

Petitioner also contended that the witnesses of respondent gave general statements and inconsistent testimonies. In addition, it posited that tax declarations under respondent�s name or those of her predecessors were not conclusive proofs of ownership in land registration cases.

Finally, petitioner pointed out that respondent failed to state in her application or to testify whether she wanted to have the line of way or road determined, in accordance with Sec. 20 of P.D. 1529.

Subsequently, the CA dismissed the appeal. It held that the Certification made by Geodetic Engineer Rafael Escabarte that the land was alienable and disposable was sufficient. The Certification states:

I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS IS INSIDE THE ALIENABLE AND DISPOSABLE AREA AS PER L.C. MAP NO. 2415, PROJECT NO. 1 OF KALIBO, AKLAN, CERTIFIED BY THE BUREAU OF FOREST DEVELOPMENT NOW DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES ON DEC. 22, 1960 AND IT IS OUTSIDE CIVIL, (SIC) AND MILITARY RESERVATION.

This Certification was found in the subdivision plan of Lot No. 2872, the mother lot of Lot No. 2872-I.[8] The subdivision plan was also approved by the Officer-in-Charge, Regional Technical Director Edgardo R. Gerobin of the Land Management Division of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The CA also considered that the Community Environment and Natural Resources Officer (CENRO) also certified[9] that the lots adjacent to Lot No. 2872-I were alienable and disposable.

Finally, the CA affirmed the MTC�s findings of fact with regard to respondent�s open, continuous, exclusive and notorious possession and occupation of the subject lot.

Petitioner is now before this Court contending that the CA erred in ruling that respondent was able to sufficiently prove that the land was alienable and disposable; and that she had possessed the subject lot in the manner and for the duration required by law.

The Petition is meritorious.

In Republic v. Doldol,[10] we said that the Public Land Act requires that the applicant must prove (a) that the land is alienable public land; and (b) that the open, continuous, exclusive and notorious possession and occupation of the land must have been either since time immemorial or for the period prescribed in the Public Land Act.

In resolving the case at bar, we find Republic of the Philippines v. T.A.N. Properties, Inc.[11] is on all fours with the present case. In 1999, T.A.N. Properties sought the registration of a property for which it presented a Certification from the CENRO. Thus, we held that this Certification was inadequate to prove that the land was alienable and disposable, to wit:

The well-entrenched rule is that all lands not appearing to be clearly of private dominion presumably belong to the State. The onus to overturn, by incontrovertible evidence, the presumption that the land subject of an application for registration is alienable and disposable rests with the applicant.

In this case, respondent submitted two certifications issued by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The 3 June 1997 Certification by the Community Environment and Natural Resources Offices (CENRO), Batangas City, certified that �lot 10705, Cad-424, Sto. Tomas Cadastre situated at Barangay San Bartolome, Sto. Tomas, Batangas with an area of 596,116 square meters falls within the ALIENABLE AND DISPOSABLE ZONE under Project No. 30, Land Classification Map No. 582 certified [on] 31 December 1925.� The second certification in the form of a memorandum to the trial court, which was issued by the Regional Technical Director, Forest Management Services of the DENR (FMS-DENR), stated �that the subject area falls within an alienable and disposable land, Project No. 30 of Sto. Tomas, Batangas certified on Dec. 31, 1925 per LC No. 582.�

The certifications are not sufficient. DENR Administrative Order (DAO) No. 20, 18 dated 30 May 1988, delineated the functions and authorities of the offices within the DENR. Under DAO No. 20, series of 1988, the CENRO issues certificates of land classification status for areas below 50 hectares. The Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Offices (PENRO) issues certificate of land classification status for lands covering over 50 hectares. DAO No. 38, dated 19 April 1990, amended DAO No. 20, series of 1988. DAO No. 38, series of 1990 retained the authority of the CENRO to issue certificates of land classification status for areas below 50 hectares, as well as the authority of the PENRO to issue certificates of land classification status for lands covering over 50 hectares. In this case, respondent applied for registration of Lot 10705-B. The area covered by Lot 10705-B is over 50 hectares (564,007 square meters). The CENRO certificate covered the entire Lot 10705 with an area of 596,116 square meters which, as per DAO No. 38, series of 1990, is beyond the authority of the CENRO to certify as alienable and disposable.

The Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR, has no authority under DAO Nos. 20 and 38 to issue certificates of land classification. Under DAO No. 20, the Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR:

1. Issues original and renewal of ordinary minor products (OM) permits except rattan;

2. Approves renewal of resaw/mini-sawmill permits;

3. Approves renewal of special use permits covering over five hectares for public infrastructure projects; and

4. Issues renewal of certificates of registration for logs, poles, piles, and lumber dealers.

Under DAO No. 38, the Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR:

1. Issues original and renewal of ordinary minor [products] (OM) permits except rattan;

2. Issues renewal of certificate of registration for logs, poles, and piles and lumber dealers;

3. Approves renewal of resaw/mini-sawmill permits;

4. Issues public gratuitous permits for 20 to 50 cubic meters within calamity declared areas for public infrastructure projects; and

5. Approves original and renewal of special use permits covering over five hectares for public infrastructure projects.

Hence, the certification issued by the Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR, in the form of a memorandum to the trial court, has no probative value.

Further, it is not enough for the PENRO or CENRO to certify that a land is alienable and disposable. The applicant for land registration must prove that the DENR Secretary had approved the land classification and released the land of the public domain as alienable and disposable, and that the land subject of the application for registration falls within the approved area per verification through survey by the PENRO or CENRO. In addition, the applicant for land registration must present a copy of the original classification approved by the DENR Secretary and certified as a true copy by the legal custodian of the official records. These facts must be established to prove that the land is alienable and disposable. Respondent failed to do so because the certifications presented by respondent do not, by themselves, prove that the land is alienable and disposable.

Only Torres, respondent�s Operations Manager, identified the certifications submitted by respondent. The government officials who issued the certifications were not presented before the trial court to testify on their contents. The trial court should not have accepted the contents of the certifications as proof of the facts stated therein. Even if the certifications are presumed duly issued and admissible in evidence, they have no probative value in establishing that the land is alienable and disposable.

Public documents are defined under Section 19, Rule 132 of the Revised Rules on Evidence as follows:

(a) The written official acts, or records of the official acts of the sovereign authority, official bodies and tribunals, and public officers, whether of the Philippines, or of a foreign country;

(b) Documents acknowledged before a notary public except last wills and testaments; and

(c) Public records, kept in the Philippines, of private documents required by law to be entered therein.

Applying Section 24 of Rule 132, the record of public documents referred to in Section 19 (a), when admissible for any purpose, may be evidenced by an official publication thereof or by a copy attested by the officer having legal custody of the record, or by his deputy�The CENRO is not the official repository or legal custodian of the issuances of the DENR Secretary declaring public lands as alienable and disposable. The CENRO should have attached an official publication of the DENR Secretary�s issuance declaring the land alienable and disposable.

Section 23, Rule 132 of the Revised Rules on Evidence provides:

Sec. 23.   Public documents as evidence. � Documents consisting of entries in public records made in the performance of a duty by a public officer are prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. All other public documents are evidence, even against a third person, of the fact which gave rise to their execution and of the date of the latter.

The CENRO and Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR, certifications do not fall within the class of public documents contemplated in the first sentence of Section 23 of Rule 132. The certifications do not reflect �entries in public records made in the performance of a duty by a public officer,� such as entries made by the Civil Registrar in the books of registries, or by a ship captain in the ship's logbook. The certifications are not the certified copies or authenticated reproductions of original official records in the legal custody of a government office. The certifications are not even records of public documents. The certifications are conclusions unsupported by adequate proof, and thus have no probative value. Certainly, the certifications cannot be considered prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

The CENRO and Regional Technical Director, FMS-DENR, certifications do not prove that Lot 10705-B falls within the alienable and disposable land as proclaimed by the DENR Secretary. Such government certifications do not, by their mere issuance, prove the facts stated therein. Such government certifications may fall under the class of documents contemplated in the second sentence of Section 23 of Rule 132. As such, the certifications are prima facie evidence of their due execution and date of issuance but they do not constitute prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. (Emphasis supplied.)

It is likewise important to note that the Certifications considered by the CA were not presented during trial, but only on appeal. This being so, the genuineness and due execution of these documents were not proven. Furthermore, they did not cover the contested property, but merely the lots adjacent to it.

In conclusion, respondent was not able to comply with Sec. 14(1) of P.D. 1529, or the Property Registration Decree, which states:

Who May Apply. � The following persons may file in the proper Court of First Instance an application for registration of title to land, whether personally or through their duly authorized representatives:

(1) Those who by themselves or through their predecessors-in-interest have been in open, continuous, exclusive and notorious possession and occupation of alienable and disposable lands of the public domain under a bona fide claim of ownership since June 12, 1945, or earlier. (Emphasis supplied.)cralaw

WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, the Petition is hereby GRANTED. The Court of Appeals Decision in CA-G.R. CV No. 79088 is hereby SET ASIDE.  The application for registration filed by Lucia M. Gomez is DENIED.

SO ORDERED.

Carpio, (Chairperson), Villarama,* Perez, and Reyes, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


* Designated as Acting Member of the Second Division vice Associate Justice Arturo D. Brion per Special Order No. 1195 dated 15 February 2012.

[1] Penned by Associate Justice Florito S. Macalino, with Associate Justices Stephen C. Cruz and Rodil V. Zalameda concurring; rollo, pp. 49-56.

[2] Commonwealth Act No. 141, or The Public Land Act.

[3] Discontinuance of the Spanish Mortgage System of Registration and of the Use of Spanish Titles as Evidence in Land Registration Proceedings.

[4] Note that in the narration of facts by the CA, the application was filed on 15 December 1999.

[5] Rollo, p. 21.

[6] Id. at 57-60.

[7] Property Registration Decree.

[8] Rollo, p. 109.

[9] Id. at 110-114.

[10] 356 Phil. 670 (1998).

[11] G.R. No. 154953, 26 June 2008, 555 SCRA 477.



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  • [G.R. No. 183132 : February 08, 2012] RICHARD CHUA, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. P-06-2111 : February 08, 2012] ANNABELLE F. GARCIA, CLERK OF COURT, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES, BRANCH 2, OLONGAPO CITY, COMPLAINANT, VS. HERMINIO C. REYES AND ZOSIMA S. DE VERA, INTERPRETER AND STENOGRAPHER, RESPECTIVELY, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES, BRANCH 2, OLONGAPO CITY, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 187736 : February 08, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. FLORDELIZA ARRIOLA Y DE LARA, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 190375 : February 08, 2012] TAN SHUY, PETITIONER, VS. SPOUSES GUILLERMO MAULAWIN AND PARING CARI�O-MAULAWIN, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G. R. No. 171701 : February 08, 2012] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES PETITIONER, VS. MA. IMELDA "IMEE" R. MARCOS-MANOTOC, FERDINAND "BONGBONG" R. MARCOS, JR., GREGORIO MA. ARANETA III, IRENE R. MARCOS-ARANETA, YEUNG CHUN FAN, YEUNG CHUN HO, YEUNG CHUN KAM, AND PANTRANCO EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION (PEA)-PTGWO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 161796 : February 08, 2012] LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. ESTATE OF J. AMADO ARANETA, RESPONDENT. [G.R. NO. 161830] DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM,[1] PETITIONER, NORBERTO RESULTA, EDITHA ABAD, LEDELIA ASIDOY, GIL PAGARAGAN, ROSALITO PAGHUBASAN, EDWIN FAUSTINO, FELOMINO JUSOL, EDELBERTO POBLARES, EFREN APON, NELSON VILLAREAL, JIMMY ZONIO, SERLISTO ZONIO, WILFREDO MARCELINO, ROGELIO RODERO, SERGIO ZONIO, NORBERTO FRANCISCO, AURORA VILLACORTE, JOVITO NINONUEVO, ELIZABETH ZAUSA, RUBEN VILLANUEVA, VICENTA RACCA, ROGELIO RACCA, MERCEDES VILLANUEVA, EDUARDO BIUTE, APOLINARIO TORRAL, BENJAMIN TANJER, JR., MINDA SOLIMAN, CIPRIANO REQUIOLA, GLORIA ROMERO, SILVERIO ZONIO, NESTOR ZONIO, NILO ZAUSA, ROMUALDO ZAUSA, REYNALDO ZAUSA, LUMILYN ZAUSA, GILBERT BAUTISTA, GILDA PACETES, ALUDIA CALUB, LOURDES CAGNO, ABELARDO CAGNO, BENJAMIN MARINAS, CRISPINA ARNAIZ, MARIA CABUS, RESTITUTA PRETENCIO, MA. LUZ ABALOS, ABELARDO DEL ROSARIO, CANDELARIA CEPEDA, HAYDEE MARQUILENCIA, LEONCIA ZATA, LUCIA LOPEZ, MARGARITA MANLANGIT, CRISTINA PACIS, LEONELDA FIDELA, MA. BLESS MASAGNAY, AGUSTIN CADAO, DOLORES FELICIANO, MA. JESSICA FELICIANO, MA. LOURDES FELICIANO, MA. JULITA FELICIANO, FEDERICO ZONIO, NENITA SINGSON, LIBRADA ZASPA, THELMA ELISERIO, SALVADOR VILLORENTE, SATURNINA TESORERO, ROGELIO PARACUELES, ANITA MENDOZA, AMADEO MASAGNAY, ELVIRA CAMPOS, LAURIANO CAMPOS, BENITO VILLAGANAS, VIRGILIO FERRER, SALVADOR RESULTA, NORLITO RESULTA, DIANA SEPTIMO, SALVADOR SEPTIMO, DIOSDADO LAGMAN, CLAUDIA MIRALLES, RICARDO FRANCISCO, RODOLFO FRANCISCO, ALEXANDER YURONG, ALFREDO BUENAVENTURA, ISIDRO DELA CRUZ, REMEDIOS CABUNDOC, ARTEMIO MIRASOL, MINDA COPINO, ANDRES IBARBIA, WILFREDO BALLOS, ELSA BANGCA, ARTURO CANTURIA, PABLITO SAGUIBO, CARLITO VILLONES, JOSEFINA TABANGCURA, NEDA MASAGNAY, PETITIONERS-INTERVENORS, ESTELA MARIE MALOLOS, LORETO DELA CRUZ, JOSE PAJARILLO, IMELDA ZAUSA, FEDERICO ZAUSA REPRESENTED BY ROSALINDA ZAUSA, LUDEVICO ZAUSA, GLORIA VILLANUEVA, ZENAIDA MASAGNAY, ELSIO ESTO, RODOLFO VILLONES, ALVINO NARCI REPRESENTED BY LILIA VILLONES, RUFINO ZONIO, ALBERTO ROSI, ZENAIDA VILLENA, ANTONIO ZAUSA, SALDITO ZONIO, ZACARIAS CORTEZ, LARRY MASAGNAY REPRESENTED BY LEONEL MASAGNAY, ERLINDA MORISON, JUAN CORTEZ, PRIMITIBO NICASIO, CARMELO CESAR, ANDRES ZONIO REPRESENTED BY RUFINO ZONIO, JUANITO ZONIO, JERENCIO ZONIO, ALEX CORTEZ, PEPITO VILLAREAL, PETITIONERS-MOVANTS, VS. ESTATE OF J. AMADO ARANETA, RESPONDENT. [G.R. NO. 190456] ERNESTO B. DURAN, LOPE P. ABALOS (DECEASED) REPRESENTED BY LOPE ABALOS, JR., ARTEMIO T. GONZALES (DECEASED) REPRESENTED BY PAUL GONZALES, AUGUSTO LIM, IMELDA MARCELINO, ERNESTO NAVARTE (DECEASED) REPRESENTED BY SURVIVING SPOUSE NELIA NAVARTE, FLORANTE M. QUIMZON, MANUEL R. QUIMZON (DECEASED) REPRESENTED BY FLORANTE M. QUIMZON, NELIA ZAUSA, PETITIONERS-INTERVENORS, VS. ESTATE OF J. AMADO ARANETA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 165935 : February 08, 2012] BRIGHT MARITIME CORPORATION (BMC)/DESIREE P. TENORIO, PETITIONERS, VS. RICARDO B. FANTONIAL, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 175558 : February 08, 2012] SKIPPERS UNITED PACIFIC, INC. AND SKIPPERS MARITIME SERVICES, INC., LTD., PETITIONERS, VS. NATHANIEL DOZA, NAPOLEON DE GRACIA, ISIDRO L. LATA, AND CHARLIE APROSTA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 185665 : February 08, 2012] EASTERN TELECOMMUNICATIONS PHILIPPINES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. EASTERN TELECOMS EMPLOYEES UNION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 183444 : February 08, 2012] DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS, PETITIONER, VS. RONALDO E. QUIWA, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME �R.E.Q. CONSTRUCTION,� EFREN N. RIGOR, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME �CHIARA CONSTRUCTION,� ROMEO R. DIMATULAC, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME �ARDY CONSTRUCTION,� AND FELICITAS C. SUMERA, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME �F.C.S. CONSTRUCTION,� REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT ROMEO M. DE LEON, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 197815 : February 08, 2012] THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. JULIETO SANCHEZ @ "OMPONG," APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 180157 : February 08, 2012] EQUITABLE CARDNETWORK, INC., PETITIONER, VS. JOSEFA BORROMEO CAPISTRANO, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. 11-10-7-SC : February 14, 2012] RE: REQUEST OF JUSTICE JOSEFINA GUEVARA-SALONGA, COURT OF APPEALS, THAT HER SERVICES AS ASSISTANT PROVINCIAL FISCAL OF LAGUNA BE CREDITED AS PART OF HER SERVICES IN THE JUDICIARY FOR PURPOSES OF HER RETIREMENT.

  • [G.R. No. 194710 : February 14, 2012] MANILA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 180784 : February 15, 2012] INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA, PETITIONER, VS. ASIAN TERMINALS, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 175932 : February 15, 2012] WUERTH PHILIPPINES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. RODANTE YNSON, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.C. No. 8254 (Formerly CBD Case No. 04-1310) : February 15, 2012] NESA ISENHARDT, COMPLAINANT, VS. ATTY. LEONARDO M. REAL, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 178593 : February 15, 2012] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE PRIVATIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OFFICE (PMO), PETITIONER, VS. PANTRANCO NORTH EXPRESS, INC. (PNEI), PANTRANCO EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION (PEA-PTGWO), EUSEBIO RAMOSO, CIRIACO M. MAGSINO, A. CACHUELA, A. CAMUS, M. CALAHI, R. CANO, B.T. LANTANO, L. BERSAMINA, A. ALFARO AND 495 OTHERS, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 190022 : February 15, 2012] PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RAILWAYS CORPORATION, JAPHET ESTRANAS AND BEN SAGA, PETITIONERS, VS. PURIFICACION VIZCARA, MARIVIC VIZCARA, CRESENCIA A. NATIVIDAD, HECTOR VIZCARA, JOEL VIZCARA AND DOMINADOR ANTONIO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [A.M. No. P-11-2951 (Formerly A.M. No. 10-3544-P) : February 15, 2012] LEAVE DIVISION, OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES, OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, COMPLAINANT, VS. LEONCIO K. GUTIERREZ III, CLERK III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 116, PASAY CITY, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 152262 : February 15, 2012] FELIMON MANGUIOB, PETITIONER, VS. JUDGE PAUL T. ARCANGEL, RTC, BRANCH 12, DAVAO CITY AND ALEJANDRA VELASCO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 174445 : February 15, 2012] SPOUSES WILLIAM GUIDANGEN AND MARY GUIDANGEN, PETITIONERS, VS. DEVOTA B. WOODEN, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 173882 : February 15, 2012] JULIE�S BAKESHOP AND/OR EDGAR REYES, PETITIONERS, VS. HENRY ARNAIZ EDGAR NAPAL,* AND JONATHAN TOLORES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 185053 : February 15, 2012] EUSTAQUIO CANDARI, JR., RENE ESPULGAR, EDITHA DACIA, GONZALO PALMA, JR., ANDRES DE LEON, ARNOLD BAJAR, PETER BAYBAYAN, EUGENIO TABURNO, MATEO ALOJADO, ANSELMO LIGTAS, FLORITA BULANGIS, ADELAIDA PENIG, ATTY. LEVI SALIGUMBA, EDITHA JIMENA, CYNTHIA BELARMA AND ANTONIA BANTING, PETITIONERS, VS. ROLAND DONASCO, LIDIO VILLA, RENE GAID, PEPITO GUMBAN, OSCAR ANDRADA, ROMEO CASTONES, ROSEMARY CORDOVA, GLORIA MATULLANO, PONCIANO ABALOS, RESTITUTO BATIANCILLA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 187926 : February 15, 2012] DR. EMMANUEL JARCIA, JR. AND DR. MARILOU BASTAN, PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 173128 : February 15, 2012] MARITIMEINDUSTRY AUTHORITY (MARINA) AND/OR ATTY. OSCAR M. SEVILLA, PETITIONERS, VS. MARC PROPERTIES CORPORATION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 185212 : February 15, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. MARITESS ALOLOD, EFREN DEOCAMPO, ELMER DEOCAMPO AND EDWIN DEOCAMPO, ACCUSED, EFREN DEOCAMPO, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 187157 : February 15, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ARNEL CLARITE Y SALAZAR, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 187567 : February 15, 2012] THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. NORA FE SAGUN, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 175025 : February 15, 2012] ROGELIO J. JAKOSALEM AND GODOFREDO B. DULFO PETITIONERS, VS. ROBERTO S. BARANGAN, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 175980 : February 15, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,APPELLEE, VS. ADRIANO CABRILLAS, ACCUSED, BENNY CABTALAN, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 179469 : February 15, 2012] C.F. SHARP & CO. INC. AND JOHN J. ROCHA, PETITIONERS, VS. PIONEER INSURANCE & SURETY CORPORATION, WILFREDO C. AGUSTIN AND HERNANDO G. MINIMO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 161771 : February 15, 2012] BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, AS SUCCESSOR-IN-INTEREST OF FAR EAST BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, PETITIONER, VS. EDUARDO HONG, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE �SUPER LINE PRINTING PRESS� AND THE COURT OF APPEALS, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 186269 : February 15, 2012] SPOUSES ROMAN A. PASCUAL AND MERCEDITA R. PASCUAL, FRANCISCO A. PASCUAL, MARGARITA CORAZON D. MARIANO, EDWIN D. MARIANO AND DANNY R. MARIANO PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES ANTONIO BALLESTEROS AND LORENZA MELCHOR-BALLESTEROS, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 184851 : February 15, 2012] VALIENTE C. VILLEGAS PETITIONER, VS. THE HONORABLE VICTOR C. FERNANDEZ, DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN FOR LUZON, CONRADO S. ANCIADO, JR., ROLLY P. DANILA, ANDREI S. ARABIT AND JAIME M. BARON, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 192558 : February 15, 2012] BITOY JAVIER (DANILO P. JAVIER), PETITIONER, VS. FLY ACE CORPORATION/ FLORDELYN CASTILLO, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 157810 : February 15, 2012] ROLANDO SOFIO AND RUFIO SOFIO, PETITIONERS, VS. ALBERTO I. VALENZUELA, GLORIA I. VALENZUELA, REMEDIOS I. VALENZUELA, AND CESAR I. VALENZUELA, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 181485 : February 15, 2012] PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, PETITIONER, VS. GATEWAY PROPERTY HOLDINGS, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [A.C. No. 7430 : February 15, 2012] MARTIN LAHM III AND JAMES P. CONCEPCION, COMPLAINANTS, VS. LABOR ARBITER JOVENCIO LL. MAYOR, JR., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 186961 : February 20, 2012] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. EAST SILVERLANE REALTY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 185463 : February 22, 2012] TEEKAY SHIPPING PHILS., INC., AND/OR TEEKAY SHIPPING CANADA, PETITIONERS, VS. RAMIER C. CONCHA RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 190794 : February 22, 2012] JOSAN, JPS, SANTIAGO CARGO MOVERS, AND MARY GRACE S. PARUNGAO,* PETITIONERS, VS. EDUARDO RAMOS ADUNA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 186983 : February 22, 2012] MA. LOURDES S. FLORENDO, PETITIONER, VS. PHILAM PLANS, INC., PERLA ABCEDE AND MA. CELESTE ABCEDE, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. Nos. 180631-33 : February 22, 2012] PHILIPPINE CHARTER INSURANCE CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. CENTRAL COLLEGES OF THE PHILIPPINES AND DYNAMIC PLANNERS AND CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 177320 : February 22, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. CESAR BAUTISTA Y SANTOS, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 172448 : February 22, 2012] THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN, PETITIONER, VS. ABEDIN LIMPAO OSOP, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 192085 : February 22, 2012] CARIDAD SEGARRA SAZON, PETITIONER, VS. LETECIA VASQUEZ-MENANCIO, REPRESENTED BY ATTORNEY-IN-FACT EDGAR S. SEGARRA, RESPONDENT.

  • [A.M. No. RTJ-11-2298 : February 22, 2012] ATTY. RENE O. MEDINA AND ATTY. CLARITO SERVILLAS, COMPLAINANTS, VS. JUDGE VICTOR A. CANOY, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 29, SURIGAO CITY, RESPONDENT.

  • [G. R. No. 189021 : February 22, 2012] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. LUCIA M. GOMEZ, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 165413 : February 22, 2012] PHILAM INSURANCE COMPANY, INC. AND AMERICAN HOME INSURANCE CO., PETITIONERS, VS. COURT OF APPEALS, AND D.M. CONSUNJI INC., RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 169055 : February 22, 2012] SPOUSES JOSE AND MILAGROS VILLACERAN AND FAR EAST BANK & TRUST COMPANY, PETITIONERS, VS. JOSEPHINE DE GUZMAN, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 191365 : February 22, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. EDUARDO NAVARETTE, JR. Y NATO, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 181368 : February 22, 2012] GEORGE S. TOLENTINO, MONICA S. TOLENTINO, GUSTAVO S. TOLENTINO, JR., MA. MARJORIE S. TOLENTINO, MARILYN S. TOLENTINO, MICHAEL GLEN S. TOLENTINO, MYLENE S. TOLENTINO, MILAGROS M. GUEVARRA, MA. VICTORIA T. RAMIREZ, LORENZA T. ANDES, MICHAEL T. MEDRANO AND JACINTO T. MEDRANO, PETITIONERS, VS. PACIFICO S. LAUREL, HEIRS OF ILUMINADA LAUREL-ASCALON, CONSUELO T. LAUREL, BIENVENIDO LAUREL, HEIRS OF ARCHIMEDES LAUREL, TEODORO LAUREL, FE LAUREL-LIMJUCO AND CLARO LAUREL, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 173008 : February 22, 2012] NENITA GONZALES, SPOUSES GENEROSA GONZALES AND RODOLFO FERRER, SPOUSES FELIPE GONZALES AND CAROLINA SANTIAGO, SPOUSES LOLITA GONZALES AND GERMOGENES GARLITOS, SPOUSES DOLORES GONZALES AND FRANCISCO COSTIN, SPOUSES CONCHITA GONZALES AND JONATHAN CLAVE, AND SPOUSES BEATRIZ GONZALES AND ROMY CORTES, REPRESENTED BY THEIR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT AND CO-PETITIONER NENITA GONZALES, PETITIONERS, VS. MARIANO BUGAAY AND LUCY BUGAAY, SPOUSES ALICIA BUGAAY AND FELIPE BARCELONA, CONEY �CONIE� BUGAAY, JOEY GATAN, LYDIA BUGAAY, SPOUSES LUZVIMINDA BUGAAY AND REY PAGATPATAN AND BELEN BUGAAY, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 187122 : February 22, 2012] NEGROS SLASHERS, INC., RODOLFO C. ALVAREZ AND VICENTE TAN, PETITIONERS, VS. ALVIN L. TENG, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 173476 : February 22, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. RODRIGO SALAFRANCA Y BELLO, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 184556 : February 22, 2012] CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. QBRO FISHING ENTERPRISES, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 187229 : February 22, 2012] ARNEL SISON Y ESCUADRO, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 181497 : February 22, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. PATERNO SARMIENTO SAMANDRE, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [A.M. No. P-11-2999 [formerly OCA IPI No. 10-3517-P] : February 27, 2012] SHEILA G. DEL ROSARIO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 36, SANTIAGO CITY, ISABELA, COMPLAINANT, VS. MARY ANNE C. PASCUA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, SAME COURT, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 197540 : February 27, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. DINNES OLASO AND ROLLY ANGELIO, ACCUSED. ROLLY ANGELIO, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 186132 : February 27, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. NESTOR TUGUINAY, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 180168 : February 27, 2012] MANILA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY, PETITIONER, VS. AVIA FILIPINAS INTERNATIONAL, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 186123 : February 27, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. MARITES VALERIO Y TRAJE, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 182650 : February 27, 2012] TOMAS K. CHUA, PETITIONER, VS. WESTMONT BANK, REGISTRAR OF DEEDS OF PARA�AQUE CITY, REGISTRAR OF DEEDS OF PASAY CITY, NOTARY PUBLIC MANUEL FONACIER, AND JOHN DOES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 182197 : February 27, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. TEOFILO HONRADO AND ROMULO HONRADO, APPELLANTS.

  • [G.R. No. 193065 : February 27, 2012] DEUTSCHE BANK AG, PETITIONER, VS. COURT OF APPEALS AND STEEL CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 162196 : February 27, 2012] SAN JOSE TIMBER CORPORATION AND CASILAYAN SOFTWOOD DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, PETITIONERS, VS. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, TIERRA FACTOR CORPORATION AND OTHER CREDITORS OF SAN JOSE TIMBER CORPORATION AND CASILAYAN SOFTWOOD DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 192565 : February 28, 2012] UNION BANK OF THE, PHILIPPINES AND DESI TOMAS, PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 196271 : February 28, 2012] DATU MICHAEL ABAS KIDA, IN HIS PERSONAL CAPACITY, AND IN REPRESENTATION OF MAGUINDANAO FEDERATION OF AUTONOMOUS IRRIGATORS ASSOCIATION, INC., HADJI MUHMINA J. USMAN, JOHN ANTHONY L. LIM, JAMILON T. ODIN, ASRIN TIMBOL JAIYARI, MUJIB M. KALANG, ALIH AL-SAIDI J. SAPI-E, KESSAR DAMSIE ABDIL, AND BASSAM ALUH SAUPI, PETITIONERS, VS. SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT JUAN PONCE ENRILE, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, THRU SPEAKER FELICIANO BELMONTE, COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, THRU ITS CHAIRMAN, SIXTO BRILLANTES, JR., PAQUITO OCHOA, JR., OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, FLORENCIO ABAD, JR., SECRETARY OF BUDGET, AND ROBERTO TAN, TREASURER OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 196305] BASARI D. MAPUPUNO, PETITIONER, VS. SIXTO BRILLANTES, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, FLORENCIO ABAD, JR. IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT, PAQUITO OCHOA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, JUAN PONCE ENRILE, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SENATE PRESIDENT, AND FELICIANO BELMONTE, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 197221] REP. EDCEL C. LAGMAN, PETITIONER, VS. PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, AND THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 197280] ALMARIM CENTI TILLAH, DATU CASAN CONDING CANA, AND PARTIDO DEMOKRATIKO PILIPINO LAKAS NG BAYAN (PDP-LABAN), PETITIONERS, VS. THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, THROUGH ITS CHAIRMAN, SIXTO BRILLANTES, JR., HON. PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, HON. FLORENCIO B. ABAD, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT, AND HON. ROBERTO B. TAN, IN HIS CAPACITY AS TREASURER OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 197282] ATTY. ROMULO B. MACALINTAL, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS AND THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, THROUGH EXECUTIVE SECRETARY PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 197392] LOUIS �BAROK� C. BIRAOGO, PETITIONER, VS. THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS AND EXECUTIVE SECRETARY PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., RESPONDENTS. [G.R. NO. 197454] JACINTO V. PARAS, PETITIONER, VS. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., AND THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, RESPONDENTS. MINORITY RIGHTS FORUM, PHILIPPINES, INC., RESPONDENTS-INTERVENOR.

  • [G.R. No. 193978 : February 28, 2012] JELBERT B. GALICTO, PETITIONER, VS. H.E. PRESIDENT BENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III, IN HIS CAPACITY AS PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES; ATTY. PAQUITO N. OCHOA, JR., IN HIS CAPACITY AS EXECUTIVE SECRETARY; AND FLORENCIO B. ABAD, IN HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 192984 : February 28, 2012] ROLANDO D. LAYUG, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, MARIANO VELARDE (ALIAS �BROTHER MIKE�) AND BUHAY PARTY-LIST, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 169903 : February 29, 2012] LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. HONEYCOMB FARMS CORPORATION, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 158379 : February 29, 2012] SPOUSES PONCIANO & PACITA DELA CRUZ, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF PABLO SUNIA, ETC.,[1] RESPONDENTS.

  • [G. R. No. 197788 : February 29, 2012] RODEL LUZ Y ONG, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,[1] RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 189327 : February 29, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. EMILY MENDOZA Y SARTIN, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 188132 : February 29, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ROSEMARIE MAGUNDAYAO Y ALEJANDRO ALIAS �ROSE,� ACCUSED-APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 196830 : February 29, 2012] CESAR V. GARCIA, CARLOS RAZON, ALBERTO DE GUZMAN, TOMAS RAZON, OMER E. PALO, RIZALDE VALENCIA, ALLAN BASA, JESSIE GARCIA, ORAG, ROMMEL PANGAN, RUEL SOLIMAN, AND CENEN CANLAPAN, REPRESENTED BY CESAR V. GARCIA, PETITIONERS, VS. KJ COMMERCIAL AND REYNALDO QUE, RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 170098 : February 29, 2012] DANIEL O. PADUATA, PETITIONER,VS. MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY (MERALCO), RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 193667 : February 29, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. MARIAVIC ESPENILLA Y MERCADO, APPELLANT.

  • [G.R. No. 185582 : February 29, 2012] TUNA PROCESSING, INC., PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE KINGFORD, INC., RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. Nos. 191288 & 191304 : February 29, 2012] MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY, PETITIONER, VS. JAN CARLO GALA, RESPONDENT.

  • [G.R. No. 189191 : February 29, 2012] MID-ISLANDS POWER GENERATION CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. COURT OF APPEALS, POWER ONE CORPORATION, ISLANDS GRID NETWORK PHILIPPINES, INC., DAVID TAN, AND MANUEL LAURON,* RESPONDENTS.

  • [G.R. No. 197043 : February 29, 2012] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. ANTONIO BALDOMAR Y LISCANO, APPELLANT.