January 2013 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2013 > January 2013 Decisions >
A.M. OCA IPI No. 12-202-CA-J : January 15, 2013 - RE: VERIFIED COMPLAINT OF AMA LAND, INC. AGAINST HON. DANTON Q. BUESER, HON. SESINANDO E. VILLON and HON. RICARDO R! ROSARIO, ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS.:
A.M. OCA IPI No. 12-202-CA-J : January 15, 2013 - RE: VERIFIED COMPLAINT OF AMA LAND, INC. AGAINST HON. DANTON Q. BUESER, HON. SESINANDO E. VILLON and HON. RICARDO R! ROSARIO, ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS.
EN BANC
[A.M. OCA IPI No. 12-202-CA-J, January 15, 2013]
RE: VERIFIED COMPLAINT OF AMA LAND, INC. AGAINST HON. DANTON Q. BUESER, HON. SESINANDO E. VILLON and HON. RICARDO R! ROSARIO, ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS.
D E C I S I O N
PERLAS-BERNABE, J.:
On October 2, 2012, AMA Land, Inc. (AMALI) tiled an administrative complaint before the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA), charging respondent Honorable Court of Appeals (CA) Associate Justices Danton Q. Bueser, Sesinando E. Villon, and Ricardo R. Rosario (respondent CA Justices) with the following violations: (a) Section 8, Rule 140 of the Rules of Court, specifically for dishonesty and violation of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Law (Republic Act No. 3019), gross misconduct constituting violations of the Code of Judicial Conduct, and knowingly rendering an unjust judgment or order; and (b) pertinent provisions of the Code of Judicial Conduct1ςrνl1
and Canons of Judicial Ethics, for issuing the Decision2ςrνl1
dated June 14, 2012 in CA-G.R. SP No. 118994 filed by Wack Wack Residents Association, Inc. (WWRAI) enjoining AMALI from continuing with its project construction pending the determination of its petition for declaration of right of way against WWRAI before the Regional Trial Court of Pasig City, Branch 264 (RTC-Pasig).cralawlibrary
The Facts
The controversy started in the mid-1990s when AMALI commenced the construction of a 37-floor commercial/residential building located at Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) corner Fordham Street, Wack Wack Village, Mandaluyong City. After securing the required licenses and permits, AMALI notified WWRAI, the owner of Fordham Street, of its intention to use the said street as an access road and staging area of the project. Not having received any response, AMALI proceeded to temporarily enclose the job site and set up a field office along Fordham Street. However, WWRAI fenced off the said street which prompted AMALI to file before the RTC-Pasig a petition3ςrνl1 to enforce an easement of right of way pursuant to Article 649 in relation to Article 656 of the Civil Code. AMALI also prayed for a temporary restraining order (TRO) and a writ of preliminary mandatory injunction to enjoin WWRAI from demolishing and removing its temporary field office, fencing off Fordham Street, and preventing its access to the construction site.cralawlibrary
In its Answer,4ςrνl1 WWRAI averred that AMALI's project violated applicable zoning ordinances; the licenses and permits secured therefor were irregular and unlawful; the project is a nuisance; and EDSA should instead be utilized as the staging area of the project. Apart from praying for the dismissal of the complaint, WWRAI interposed a counterclaim for actual and exemplary damages, attorney's fees and costs of suit, and prayed for a TRO and writ of preliminary mandatory injunction for AMALI to immediately cease and desist with its project construction.cralawlibrary
After hearing AMALI's application for injunctive relief, the RTC-Pasig, in its Order5ςrνl1 dated July 24, 1997, granted AMALI's prayer and directed WWRAI to allow the use of Fordham Street as a temporary easement of right of way. Apparently, WWRAI's application for TRO and/or writ of preliminary injunction in its counterclaim was not heard.cralawlibrary
In 1998, however, AMALI suffered financial setbacks, forcing the suspension of its project construction. In 2002, it filed before the RTC of Muntinlupa, Branch 256 (RTC-Muntinlupa) a petition for corporate rehabilitation, which was later approved. Among the recommendations contained in the approved rehabilitation plan was the conversion of the use of the 37-floor commercial/residential tower (AMA Tower) to a 34-floor residential condominium. AMALI thus, prayed that the City of Mandaluyong be ordered to issue an amended building permit.6ςrνl1
In a bid to stop AMALI from continuing with its project construction, WWRAI sought from the RTC-Pasig in January 2010, the hearing of its application for TRO and/or writ of preliminary mandatory injunction prayed for in its counterclaim. After due proceedings, the court denied the application in the Order7ςrνl1 dated October 28, 2010, and directed the building officials of Mandaluyong City to act on AMALI's application for permit to construct. The concerned officials, however, denied AMALI's application for an amended building permit on November 5, 2010 due to the expiration of the previously issued building permit, non-compliance with the prescribed height and open space limitations, and failure to submit the required new locational and barangay clearance. Notwithstanding, the RTC-Pasig refused to reconsider8ςrνl1 the denial of WWRAI's application for injunction.cralawlibrary
On the other hand, the RTC-Muntinlupa, where AMALI's petition for corporate rehabilitation was pending, directed the Office of the Building Official and/or Office of the City Engineer of Mandaluyong City, in the Orders dated September 9, 2010 and November 12, 2010,9ςrνl1 to issue an amended building permit. Thus, Building Permit No. 08-2011-004810ςrνl1 was issued on February 4, 2011. But even with such issuance, the Building Official and/or Mandaluyong City Engineer filed a petition for certiorari before the CA (docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 117037) assailing the above Orders which, however, was denied in the Decision11ςrνl1 dated June 28, 2012.cralawlibrary
Meanwhile, WWRAI assailed the Orders of the RTC-Pasig denying its application for injunction through a petition for certiorari12ςrνl1 before the CA. The case (docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 118994) was raffled to the Special Former Tenth Division composed of the respondent CA Justices. WWRAI also filed a separate complaint (docketed as NBCDO Case No. 12-11-93 MAND CITY) before the Department of Public Works and Highways seeking the revocation of the amended building permit as well as the imposition of administrative sanctions against the issuing officials which, however, was denied.13ςrνl1
On June 10, 2011, the CA granted WWRAI's application for TRO14ςrνl1 and subsequently, its application for writ of preliminary injunction15ςrνl1 pending resolution of the petition. On the other hand, AMALI, in its Comment,16ςrνl1 prayed for the dismissal of the complaint for lack of merit and on the ground of forum shopping.cralawlibrary
On June 14, 2012, the CA rendered a Decision17ςrνl1 granting WWRAI's petition and directing the RTC-Pasig to issue the injunctive writ in favor of WWRAI pending determination of the petition for the declaration of permanent easement of right of way filed by AMALI.cralawlibrary
The Issue
In the instant administrative complaint, AMALI questions, among others, the jurisdiction of the respondent CA Justices to act on WWRAI's petition assailing the denial of its application for injunctive relief to stop AMALI from proceeding with its project construction, claiming this issue as irrelevant to the principal action to enforce an easement of right of way pending before the RTC- Pasig. It also raises the non-payment by WWRAI of the docket fees on its counterclaim and the forum shopping the latter committed in filing various suits before different fora on the same issue involving the legality of the project. In any event, AMALI asserts that the respondent CA Justices acted in bad faith and knowingly rendered an unjust judgment in granting WWRAI's petition, which effectively declared the project construction illegal and granted the latter's counterclaim before the RTC-Pasig could have finally disposed of the case.cralawlibrary
In their Comment,18ςrνl1 the respondent CA Justices pray for the outright dismissal of the instant administrative complaint in view of the pendency of AMALI's petition for review on certiorari before the Court based on substantially the same grounds raised herein. They likewise averred that the purported lack of jurisdiction was never raised in the proceedings before the RTC, the CA or in their petition for review on certiorari before the Court, but only in this administrative complaint. Finally, they denied having rendered an unjust decision citing the failure of AMALI to show that the assailed judgment is contrary to law or unsupported by evidence or that it was rendered with bad faith, malice, greed, ill-will or corruption.cralawlibrary
The Court's Ruling
The Court finds no merit in the complaint.cralawlibrary
A perusal of the records of the case as well as the parties' respective allegations disclosed that the acts complained of relate to the validity of the proceedings before the respondent CA Justices and the propriety of their orders in CA-G.R. SP No. 118994 which were done in the exercise of their judicial functions. Jurisprudence is replete with cases holding that errors, if any, committed by a judge in the exercise of his adjudicative functions cannot be corrected through administrative proceedings, but should instead be assailed through available judicial remedies.19ςrνl1 Disciplinary proceedings against judges do not complement, supplement or substitute judicial remedies and, thus, cannot be pursued simultaneously with the judicial remedies accorded to parties aggrieved by their erroneous orders or judgments.20ςrνl1
In Equitable PCI Bank, Inc. v. Laviña,21ςrνl1 we ruled that resort to and exhaustion of judicial remedies and a final ruling on the matter, are prerequisites for the taking of appropriate measures against the judges concerned, whether of criminal, civil or administrative nature. If the assailed act is subsequently found and declared to be correct, there would be no occasion to proceed against him at all.cralawlibrary
In this case, AMALI had already filed a petition for review on certiorari22ςrνl1 challenging the questioned order of the respondent CA Justices, which is still pending final action by the Court. Consequently, a decision on the validity of the proceedings and propriety of the orders of the respondent CA Justices in this administrative proceeding would be premature.23ςrνl1 Besides, even if the subject decision or portions thereof turn out to be erroneous, administrative liability will only attach upon proof that the actions of the respondent CA Justices were motivated by bad faith, dishonesty or hatred, or attended by fraud or corruption,24ςrνl1 which were not sufficiently shown to exist in this case. Neither was bias as well as partiality established. Acts or conduct of the judge clearly indicative of arbitrariness or prejudice must be clearly shown before he can be branded the stigma of being biased and partial. In the same vein, bad faith or malice cannot be inferred simply because the judgment or order is adverse to a party.25ςrνl1 Here, other than AMALI's bare and self-serving claim that respondent CA Justices "conspired with WWRAI's counsel in knowingly and in bad faith rendering an unjust judgment and in committing x x x other misconduct,"26ςrνl1 no act clearly indicative of bias and partiality was alleged except for the claim that respondent CA Justices misapplied the law arid jurisprudence. Thus, the presumption that the respondent judge has regularly performed his duties shall prevail. Moreover, the matters raised are best addressed to the evaluation of the Court in the resolution of AMALI's petition for review on certiorari.cralawlibrary
Finally, resort to administrative disciplinary action prior to the final reso � lution of the judicial issues involved constitutes an abuse of court processes that serves to disrupt rather than promote the orderly administration of justice and further clog the courts' dockets. Those who seek relief from the courts must not be allowed to ignore basic legal rules and abuse court processes in their efforts to vindicate their rights.27ςrνl1
WHEREFORE, the Court DISMISSES the administrative complaint against the Honorable Court of Appeals Associate Justices DANTON Q. BUESER, SESINANDO E. VILLON AND RICARDO �R. ROSARIO for utter lack of merit; and CAUTIONS complainant AMA Land, Inc. against the filing of similar unfounded and baseless actions in the future, WITH STERN WARNING that a repetition thereof shall be dealt with more severely.cralawlibrary
SO ORDERED.
Sereno, C.J. Carpio, Velasco, Jr., Leonardo-De Castro, Peralta, Bersamin, Del Castillo, Abad, Villarama, Jr., Perez, Mendoza, Reyes, and Leonen, JJ., concur.
Brion, J., on leave.cralawlibrary
The controversy started in the mid-1990s when AMALI commenced the construction of a 37-floor commercial/residential building located at Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) corner Fordham Street, Wack Wack Village, Mandaluyong City. After securing the required licenses and permits, AMALI notified WWRAI, the owner of Fordham Street, of its intention to use the said street as an access road and staging area of the project. Not having received any response, AMALI proceeded to temporarily enclose the job site and set up a field office along Fordham Street. However, WWRAI fenced off the said street which prompted AMALI to file before the RTC-Pasig a petition3ςrνl1 to enforce an easement of right of way pursuant to Article 649 in relation to Article 656 of the Civil Code. AMALI also prayed for a temporary restraining order (TRO) and a writ of preliminary mandatory injunction to enjoin WWRAI from demolishing and removing its temporary field office, fencing off Fordham Street, and preventing its access to the construction site.cralawlibrary
In its Answer,4ςrνl1 WWRAI averred that AMALI's project violated applicable zoning ordinances; the licenses and permits secured therefor were irregular and unlawful; the project is a nuisance; and EDSA should instead be utilized as the staging area of the project. Apart from praying for the dismissal of the complaint, WWRAI interposed a counterclaim for actual and exemplary damages, attorney's fees and costs of suit, and prayed for a TRO and writ of preliminary mandatory injunction for AMALI to immediately cease and desist with its project construction.cralawlibrary
After hearing AMALI's application for injunctive relief, the RTC-Pasig, in its Order5ςrνl1 dated July 24, 1997, granted AMALI's prayer and directed WWRAI to allow the use of Fordham Street as a temporary easement of right of way. Apparently, WWRAI's application for TRO and/or writ of preliminary injunction in its counterclaim was not heard.cralawlibrary
In 1998, however, AMALI suffered financial setbacks, forcing the suspension of its project construction. In 2002, it filed before the RTC of Muntinlupa, Branch 256 (RTC-Muntinlupa) a petition for corporate rehabilitation, which was later approved. Among the recommendations contained in the approved rehabilitation plan was the conversion of the use of the 37-floor commercial/residential tower (AMA Tower) to a 34-floor residential condominium. AMALI thus, prayed that the City of Mandaluyong be ordered to issue an amended building permit.6ςrνl1
In a bid to stop AMALI from continuing with its project construction, WWRAI sought from the RTC-Pasig in January 2010, the hearing of its application for TRO and/or writ of preliminary mandatory injunction prayed for in its counterclaim. After due proceedings, the court denied the application in the Order7ςrνl1 dated October 28, 2010, and directed the building officials of Mandaluyong City to act on AMALI's application for permit to construct. The concerned officials, however, denied AMALI's application for an amended building permit on November 5, 2010 due to the expiration of the previously issued building permit, non-compliance with the prescribed height and open space limitations, and failure to submit the required new locational and barangay clearance. Notwithstanding, the RTC-Pasig refused to reconsider8ςrνl1 the denial of WWRAI's application for injunction.cralawlibrary
On the other hand, the RTC-Muntinlupa, where AMALI's petition for corporate rehabilitation was pending, directed the Office of the Building Official and/or Office of the City Engineer of Mandaluyong City, in the Orders dated September 9, 2010 and November 12, 2010,9ςrνl1 to issue an amended building permit. Thus, Building Permit No. 08-2011-004810ςrνl1 was issued on February 4, 2011. But even with such issuance, the Building Official and/or Mandaluyong City Engineer filed a petition for certiorari before the CA (docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 117037) assailing the above Orders which, however, was denied in the Decision11ςrνl1 dated June 28, 2012.cralawlibrary
Meanwhile, WWRAI assailed the Orders of the RTC-Pasig denying its application for injunction through a petition for certiorari12ςrνl1 before the CA. The case (docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 118994) was raffled to the Special Former Tenth Division composed of the respondent CA Justices. WWRAI also filed a separate complaint (docketed as NBCDO Case No. 12-11-93 MAND CITY) before the Department of Public Works and Highways seeking the revocation of the amended building permit as well as the imposition of administrative sanctions against the issuing officials which, however, was denied.13ςrνl1
On June 10, 2011, the CA granted WWRAI's application for TRO14ςrνl1 and subsequently, its application for writ of preliminary injunction15ςrνl1 pending resolution of the petition. On the other hand, AMALI, in its Comment,16ςrνl1 prayed for the dismissal of the complaint for lack of merit and on the ground of forum shopping.cralawlibrary
On June 14, 2012, the CA rendered a Decision17ςrνl1 granting WWRAI's petition and directing the RTC-Pasig to issue the injunctive writ in favor of WWRAI pending determination of the petition for the declaration of permanent easement of right of way filed by AMALI.cralawlibrary
In the instant administrative complaint, AMALI questions, among others, the jurisdiction of the respondent CA Justices to act on WWRAI's petition assailing the denial of its application for injunctive relief to stop AMALI from proceeding with its project construction, claiming this issue as irrelevant to the principal action to enforce an easement of right of way pending before the RTC- Pasig. It also raises the non-payment by WWRAI of the docket fees on its counterclaim and the forum shopping the latter committed in filing various suits before different fora on the same issue involving the legality of the project. In any event, AMALI asserts that the respondent CA Justices acted in bad faith and knowingly rendered an unjust judgment in granting WWRAI's petition, which effectively declared the project construction illegal and granted the latter's counterclaim before the RTC-Pasig could have finally disposed of the case.cralawlibrary
In their Comment,18ςrνl1 the respondent CA Justices pray for the outright dismissal of the instant administrative complaint in view of the pendency of AMALI's petition for review on certiorari before the Court based on substantially the same grounds raised herein. They likewise averred that the purported lack of jurisdiction was never raised in the proceedings before the RTC, the CA or in their petition for review on certiorari before the Court, but only in this administrative complaint. Finally, they denied having rendered an unjust decision citing the failure of AMALI to show that the assailed judgment is contrary to law or unsupported by evidence or that it was rendered with bad faith, malice, greed, ill-will or corruption.cralawlibrary
The Court finds no merit in the complaint.cralawlibrary
A perusal of the records of the case as well as the parties' respective allegations disclosed that the acts complained of relate to the validity of the proceedings before the respondent CA Justices and the propriety of their orders in CA-G.R. SP No. 118994 which were done in the exercise of their judicial functions. Jurisprudence is replete with cases holding that errors, if any, committed by a judge in the exercise of his adjudicative functions cannot be corrected through administrative proceedings, but should instead be assailed through available judicial remedies.19ςrνl1 Disciplinary proceedings against judges do not complement, supplement or substitute judicial remedies and, thus, cannot be pursued simultaneously with the judicial remedies accorded to parties aggrieved by their erroneous orders or judgments.20ςrνl1
In Equitable PCI Bank, Inc. v. Laviña,21ςrνl1 we ruled that resort to and exhaustion of judicial remedies and a final ruling on the matter, are prerequisites for the taking of appropriate measures against the judges concerned, whether of criminal, civil or administrative nature. If the assailed act is subsequently found and declared to be correct, there would be no occasion to proceed against him at all.cralawlibrary
In this case, AMALI had already filed a petition for review on certiorari22ςrνl1 challenging the questioned order of the respondent CA Justices, which is still pending final action by the Court. Consequently, a decision on the validity of the proceedings and propriety of the orders of the respondent CA Justices in this administrative proceeding would be premature.23ςrνl1 Besides, even if the subject decision or portions thereof turn out to be erroneous, administrative liability will only attach upon proof that the actions of the respondent CA Justices were motivated by bad faith, dishonesty or hatred, or attended by fraud or corruption,24ςrνl1 which were not sufficiently shown to exist in this case. Neither was bias as well as partiality established. Acts or conduct of the judge clearly indicative of arbitrariness or prejudice must be clearly shown before he can be branded the stigma of being biased and partial. In the same vein, bad faith or malice cannot be inferred simply because the judgment or order is adverse to a party.25ςrνl1 Here, other than AMALI's bare and self-serving claim that respondent CA Justices "conspired with WWRAI's counsel in knowingly and in bad faith rendering an unjust judgment and in committing x x x other misconduct,"26ςrνl1 no act clearly indicative of bias and partiality was alleged except for the claim that respondent CA Justices misapplied the law arid jurisprudence. Thus, the presumption that the respondent judge has regularly performed his duties shall prevail. Moreover, the matters raised are best addressed to the evaluation of the Court in the resolution of AMALI's petition for review on certiorari.cralawlibrary
Finally, resort to administrative disciplinary action prior to the final reso � lution of the judicial issues involved constitutes an abuse of court processes that serves to disrupt rather than promote the orderly administration of justice and further clog the courts' dockets. Those who seek relief from the courts must not be allowed to ignore basic legal rules and abuse court processes in their efforts to vindicate their rights.27ςrνl1
WHEREFORE, the Court DISMISSES the administrative complaint against the Honorable Court of Appeals Associate Justices DANTON Q. BUESER, SESINANDO E. VILLON AND RICARDO �R. ROSARIO for utter lack of merit; and CAUTIONS complainant AMA Land, Inc. against the filing of similar unfounded and baseless actions in the future, WITH STERN WARNING that a repetition thereof shall be dealt with more severely.cralawlibrary
SO ORDERED.
Sereno, C.J. Carpio, Velasco, Jr., Leonardo-De Castro, Peralta, Bersamin, Del Castillo, Abad, Villarama, Jr., Perez, Mendoza, Reyes, and Leonen, JJ., concur.
Brion, J., on leave.cralawlibrary
Endnotes:
1ςrνl1 Rollo, p. 3. Namely: Canon 1, Section 1; Canon 2, Sections 1 and 2; Canon 3, Section 1; and Canon 6, Section 3.cralawlibrary
2ςrνl1 Id. at 65-79.cralawlibrary
3ςrνl1 Id. at 138-142. Docketed as Civil Case No. 65668.cralawlibrary
4ςrνl1 Id. at 155-172.cralawlibrary
5ςrνl1 Id. at 181-188. Penned by Judge Leoncio M. Janolo, Jr.cralawlibrary
6ςrνl1 Id. at 189.cralawlibrary
7ςrνl1 Id. at 125-135. Mentioned in the Order dated November 24, 2009. Penned by Acting Presiding Judge Romulo SG. Villanueva.cralawlibrary
8ςrνl1 Id. at 73. Mentioned in the CA Decision dated June 14, 2012.cralawlibrary
9ςrνl1 Id. at 191-192.cralawlibrary
10ςrνl1 Id. at 193-194.cralawlibrary
11ςrνl1 Id. at 418-448. Penned by Associate Justice Francisco P. Acosta, with Justices Noel G. Tijam and Marlene Gonzales-Sison, concurring, and Associate Justices Antonio L. Villamor and Edwin D. Sorongon, dissenting.cralawlibrary
12ςrνl1 Id. at 80-122.cralawlibrary
13ςrνl1 Id. at 407-414. Resolution dated March 29, 2012.cralawlibrary
14ςrνl1 Id. at 197-199. Resolution dated June 10, 2011.cralawlibrary
15ςrνl1 Id. at 233-236. Resolution dated July 28, 2011.cralawlibrary
16ςrνl1 Id. at 237-272.cralawlibrary
17ςrνl1 Supra note 2.cralawlibrary
18ςrνl1 Id. at 470-505.cralawlibrary
19ςrνl1 Maylas, Jr. v. Sese, 529 Phil. 594, 597 (2006); Bautista v. Abdulwahid, A.M. OCA IPI No. 06-97-CA-J, May 2, 2006, 488 SCRA 428, 434.cralawlibrary
20ςrνl1 Monticalbo v. Maraya, Jr., A.M. No. RTJ-09-2197, April 13, 2011, 648 SCRA 573, 583, citing Flores v. Abesamis, 341 Phil. 299, 313 (1997).cralawlibrary
21ςrνl1 530 Phil. 441, 452, 453 (2006).cralawlibrary
22ςrνl1 But without filing a motion for reconsideration before the CA.cralawlibrary
23ςrνl1 Salcedo v. Caguioa, 467 Phil. 20, 28 (2004).cralawlibrary
24ςrνl1 Supra note 20, at 577.cralawlibrary
25ςrνl1 Supra note 20, at 577-578.cralawlibrary
26ςrνl1 Rollo, p. 18.cralawlibrary
27ςrνl1 Oliveros v. Sison, A.M. No. RTJ-07-2050, October 29,2008, 570 SCRA 148, 154.
