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Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2016 > August 2016 Decisions > G.R. No. 198160, August 31, 2016 - VICTORIA P. CABRAL, Petitioner, v. GREGORIA ADOLFO, GREGORIO LAZARO AND HEIRS OF ELIAS POLICARPIO, Respondents.:




G.R. No. 198160, August 31, 2016 - VICTORIA P. CABRAL, Petitioner, v. GREGORIA ADOLFO, GREGORIO LAZARO AND HEIRS OF ELIAS POLICARPIO, Respondents.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

THIRD DIVISION

G.R. No. 198160, August 31, 2016

VICTORIA P. CABRAL, Petitioner, v. GREGORIA ADOLFO, GREGORIO LAZARO AND HEIRS OF ELIAS POLICARPIO, Respondents.

D E C I S I O N

REYES, J.:

This appeal by petition for review on certiorari1 seeks to annul and set aside the Decision2 dated March 30, 2011 and Resolution3 dated August 17, 2011 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 108274, which reversed the Decision4 dated July 29, 2008 and Resolution5 dated March 11, 2009 of the Department of Agrarian Reform and Adjudication Board (DARAB) in DARAB Case No. 13552. The DARAB judgment affirmed the Decision6 dated June 18, 2004 of the Provincial Agrarian Reform Adjudicator (PARAD) of Bulacan cancelling the Emancipation Patents (EPs) and Transfer Certificates of Title (TCTs) of Gregoria Adolfo (Adolfo), Gregorio Lazaro (Lazaro) and the Heirs of Elias Policarpio (collectively, the respondents).

The Facts

The subject of this case is a parcel of land owned by petitioner Victoria P. Cabral (Cabral), known as Lot 4, situated at Barangay Iba (formerly Pantok), Meycauayan, Bulacan, covered by Original Certificate of Title (OCT) No. 0-1670 [now OCT No. 0-220(M)] of the Registry of Deeds (RD) of Bulacan, and which was placed under the Operation Land Transfer (OLT) program under Presidential Decree (P.D.) No. 27.7chanrobleslaw

Accordingly, on April 25, 1988, EPs were issued covering portions of Lot 4, and the corresponding TCTs were subsequently issued in favor of the respondents.8chanrobleslaw

To these issuances, Cabral initiated a petition for the cancellation of the said EPs and TCTs against the respondents before the PARAD of Bulacan docketed as Case No. R-03-0242-03.9 In her petition, Cabral argued that: (1) the EPs covered non-agricultural lands which were outside the coverage of the OLT program; (2) the EPs were issued without due notice and hearing; and (3) no Certificates of Land Transfer (CLTs) were previously issued over Lot 4.

Respondents Adolfo and Lazaro moved to dismiss the petition on the grounds of lack of jurisdiction, lack of personality to sue, and prescription;10 however, it was denied. The respondents then filed a petition for certiorari and prohibition before the CA but it was dismissed for their failure to exhaust administrative remedies.11chanrobleslaw

On June 18, 2004, the PARAD rendered its Decision12 cancelling the EPs of the respondents and ordering the RD of Meycauayan, Bulacan, to revive Cabral's OCT No. 0-1670, to wit:ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrary
WHEREFORE, premises considered, judgment is hereby rendered, as follows:
  1. Ordering the [RD] of Bulacan to cancel the EP Titles issued to the private respondents, as follows: FLORENCIO ADOLFO-TCT No. EP-003, FLORENCIO ADOLFO-TCT No. EP-004, GREGORIA ADOLFO-TCT No. EP-005, GREGORIA ADOLFO-TCT No. EP-006, GREGORIO LAZARO-TCT No. EP-007, GREGORIO LAZARO-TCT No. EP-008, ELIAS POLICARPIO-TCT No. EP-010, ELIAS POLICARPIO-TCT No. EP-009;

  2. Ordering the private respondents and all persons claiming rights and interest under them to vacate the landholdings under their respective possessions and surrender the same to [Cabral];

  3. Ordering the [RD] of Bulacan to [revive] OCT No. 0-220-(M) (Formerly OCT No. 0-1670) registered under the name of [Cabral], insofar as Lot 4 thereof is concerned.
SO ORDERED.13chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
The PARAD ruled that: (1) Lot 4 is a residential lot and not an agricultural one, citing the 1983 zoning map of Meycauayan, Bulacan and the certification14 dated February 24, 1983 of Meycauayan's zoning administrator; (2) as early as October 1, 1973, the DAR Distric Officer Fernando Ortea (Ortega) had already made a declaration that Lot 4 was not covered by the OLT program;15 thus, it could not have been transferred to the tenants through the issuance of CLTs; and (3) DAR's declaration of non-coverage in the OLT program signified that Lot 4 was either untenanted or was not agricultural.16chanrobleslaw

Aggrieved, the respondents appealed the aforesaid PARAD decision to the DARAB Quezon City which was docketed as DARAB Case No. 13552.17chanrobleslaw

In its Decision18 dated July 29, 2008, the DARAB affirmed the PARAD's decision that Lot 4 was not covered by the OLT program and no CLTs were issued over it. The heirs of Florencio Adolfo and the heirs of Elias Policarpio sought reconsideration19 thereto but the same was denied.20chanrobleslaw

Hence, the respondents filed a petition for review21 with the CA.

Ruling of the CA

On March 30, 2011, the CA Decision22 granted the petitiOn, and reversed and set aside the rulings of the DARAB. The CA defined the main issue in controversy as to whether Lot 4 does not fall within the coverage of the OLT program under P.D. No. 27 so as to warrant the cancellation of the EPs and TCTs issued in favor of the respondents.

In reversing the DARAB, the CA pointed out that the records of the case are bereft of any evidence showing that an order of conversion or a declaration from the DAR Secretary was issued which placed Lot 4 outside the coverage of the OLT program.23 The CA then ruled that the two certifications issued by the Office of the Zoning Administrator could not be considered as ordinances issued by the Municipality of Meycauayan since the classification of the lands is merely based on the official zoning map of the municipality and not on a municipal ordinance issued for that purpose. Moreso, the said certifications are silent as to when the subject landholdings became parts of the residential/industrial zone.24chanrobleslaw

The CA further said that the 2nd endorsement dated October 1, 1973 issued by Ortega cannot be construed as a declaration from the DAR Secretary regarding the conversion of the subject landholding since the said letter only contained a recommendation for the conversion of the subject landholding into residential, commercial, industrial or other urban purposes.25cralawredchanrobleslaw

Lastly, the CA gave credence to the letter26 dated June 21, 1983 of Deputy Minister Benjamin Labayen (Labayen) denying Cabral's request for conversion stating that the subject landholding is covered by the OLT program with corresponding CLTs already generated and that the said land is fully tenanted.27chanrobleslaw

Cabral moved for reconsideration28 but it was denied.29 Hence, this petition.

The Issue

The crux of this case is whether or not grounds exist to warrant the cancellation of the EPs and TCTs issued to the respondents. The determination of this issue in turn hinges on the question of whether or not the subject landholding is covered by the OLT program under P.D. No. 27.

Ruling of the Court

The Court grants the petition.

To begin with, it must be said that the Court generally accords respect, if not finality, to the factual findings of quasi-judicial bodies, such as the DARAB and the PARAD, as these administrative bodies are deemed experts on matters within its specific and specialized jurisdiction.30 However, since the findings of the PARAD and the DARAB conflict with those of the CA, the Court is constrained to disregard the general rule and to re-examine the records of the case to address the issue on hand.

Only landholdings under established tenancy and primarily devoted to rice or corn farming are brought under the OLT program and issued a CLT.

Cabral has been untiring in her insistence that: (1) the respondents are not her tenants; (2) no CLTs have been issued to the respondents; and (3) Lot 4 is non-agricultural land. The respondents, on the other hand, anchor their right to the subject landholding upon their claim that they were actual tenants and rice farmers, and that a CLT is not a condition sine qua non to the generation and issuance of an EP.

Under P.D. No. 27, the DAR is mandated to issue CLTs for landholdings brought under the coverage of the OLT program. Corollary to this, Section 10531 of P.D. No. 152932 enjoined the DAR to issue CLTs in duplicate for lands brought under the government's OLT program and the original to be kept by the tenant while the duplicate is to be maintained in the RD. The significance of the CLT is supported by the Court in Heirs of Teresita Montoya, et al. v. National Housing Authority, et al.,33 ruling that:ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrary
A CLT is a document that the government issues to a tenant-farmer of an agricultural land primarily devoted to rice and com production placed under the coverage of the government's OLT program pursuant to P.D. No. 27. It serves as the tenant-farmer's (grantee of the certificate) proof of inchoate right over the land covered thereby.

x x x x

As a preliminary step, therefore, the issuance of a CLT merely evinces that the grantee thereof is qualified to avail of the statutory mechanism for the acquisition of ownership of the land tilled by him, as provided under P.D. No. 27. The CLT is not a muniment of title that vests in the tenant-farmer absolute ownership of his tillage. It is only after compliance with the conditions which entitle the tenant-farmer to an EP that the tenant-farmer acquires the vested right of absolute ownership in the landholding. Stated otherwise, the tenant-farmer does not acquire full ownership of the covered landholding simply by the issuance of a CLT. The tenant-fanner must first comply with the prescribed conditions and procedures for acquiring full ownership but until then, the title remains with the landowner.34 (Citations omitted)
Clearly, a CLT signifies that the government has determined that the land is comprehended by P.D. No. 27 and that the claimant is its actual tiller-beneficiary. Consequently, without a CLT, a claimant has no inchoate right of ownership and cannot be issued an EP.

Findings of facts of quasi-judicial agencies are generally accorded great weight and even finality.

Generally, the "factual findings of administrative bodies charged with their specific field of expertise, are afforded great weight by the courts, and in the absence of substantial showing that such findings were made from an erroneous estimation of the evidence presented, they are conclusive, and in the interest of stability of the governmental structure, should not be disturbed."35 The PARAD and the DARAB, by reason of their official mandate and functions have acquired expertise in specific matters within their jurisdiction, and their findings deserve full respect. Without justifiable reason, their factual findings ought not to be altered, modified, or reversed.36chanrobleslaw

On the question of whether the subject landholding was agricultural and/or tenanted, the PARAD correctly said:ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrary
Verily indeed, if the subject lands were already tenanted during the effectivity of [P.D. No.] 27 on October 21, 1972 or carries the character of an agricultural land as of that date, the District Officer of the DAR should have not made a declaration in 1973 stating that the parcels of land are not covered by [OLT]. The said District Officer's declaration only adds veracity to [Cabral's] contention that the parcels of land covered by the subject EP titles, at the outset, have been classified as residential and only supports this Board's conclusion that the same are not tenanted.37chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
According to the PARAD and the DARAB, the DAR had already made a declaration excluding Lot 4 from the coverage of the OLT program.38 Therefore, the EPs issued to the respondents in April 1988 were a violation of Cabral's right to due process and to just compensation. The PARAD further noted that the non-inclusion of the landholding covered by the assailed EPs under the OLT program is bolstered by the fact that there were no CLTs covering the subject lots issued to the respondents. Therefore, no award of the subject lots should have been made in favor of the respondents.39chanrobleslaw

The Court also agrees with the FARAD's declaration that a zoning reclassification made subsequent to P.D. No. 27 does not create a presumption that the land used to be primarily devoted to rice or com, could well have been already non-agricultural even back in 1972.40 In fact, in October 1973, DAR had already made a determination that the subject landholding was exempt from the OLT program.41chanrobleslaw

The respondents failed to show how Lot 4 was brought under the OLT program.

P.D. No. 27, or the "Tenant's Emancipation Decree," placed the entire Philippine archipelago on October 21, 1972 under land reform, decreeing the emancipation of all rice and corn tenant-farmers from the bondage of the soil. Pursuant to Letter of Instructions No. 47442 and related issuances, the DAR then undertook to place under the OLT program all tenanted rice and com lands with size of seven hectares or less. The farmer-beneficiaries were required to organize themselves into a farmers' cooperative or Samahang Nayon and to apply for CLTs.43chanrobleslaw

There are several steps to be undertaken before an EP can be issued. In Reyes v. Barrios,44 the Court cited the Primer on Agrarian Reform45 which enumerated the steps in transferring the land to a tenant-tiller under P.D. No. 27, to wit:ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrary
  1. First step: the identification of tenants, landowners, and the land covered by OLT.

  2. Second step: land survey and sketching of the actual cultivation of the tenant to determine parcel size, boundaries, and possible land use;

  3. Third step: the issuance of the [CLT]. To ensure accuracy and safeguard against falsification, these certificates are processed at the National Computer Center (NCC) at Camp Aguinaldo;

  4. Fourth step: valuation of the land covered for amortization computation;

  5. Fifth step: amortization payments of tenant-tillers over fifteen (15)[-]year period; and cralawlawlibrary

  6. Sixth step: the issuance of the [EP].46 (Citation omitted)
The Court explained, in Del Castillo v. Orciga,47 that land transfer under P.D. No. 27 is effected in two stages: first, the issuance of a CLT; and second, the issuance of an EP. The first stage serves as the government's recognition of the tenant-farmers' inchoate right as "deemed owners" of the land that they till. The second stage perfects the title of the tenant-farmers and vests in them absolute ownership upon full compliance with the prescribed requirements. As a preliminary step, then, the CLT immediately serves as the tangible evidence of the government's recognition of the tenant-farmers' inchoate right and of the subjection of the particular landholding to the government's OLT program.48chanrobleslaw

Nonetheless, the records of the case are bereft of evidence indicating that the abovementioned procedure has been followed by the respondents. Moreover, there are significant gaps in the following series of events that led to the issuance of the assailed EPs which bolster Cabral's claim that the CLTs for the subject landholding do not exist and the EPs issued to the respondents are invalid, to wit:

chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
a) In July 1973, Cabral sought to convert 13 hectares of her landholdings situated in two municipalities in Bulacan for non-agricultural purposes;49chanrobleslaw

b) In his second endorsement dated October 1, 1973, Ortega recommended the approval of the conversion after noting that Lot 4 had been excluded from the OLT program;50

c) Cabral insists that she was not informed that Lot 4 was being placed under the OLT program.51chanrobleslaw

The respondents are completely silent as to what transpired from October 1, 1973 to July 22, 1982, when CLT Nos. 0056649, 056491, 001236 and 02056474 were allegedly issued over Lot 4;

d) On June 21, 1983, Labayen wrote to inform Cabral that her application for conversion had been disapproved,52 but Cabral denied receiving the said letter;53

e) On October 20, 1987, Ortega, apparently unaware of the said letter of Labayen, issued a third endorsement for the conversion of Cabral's landholding;54

f) DAR's Team No. 03-II-098 conducted a new investigation, and on November 10, 1987, it issued a report55 recommending the denial of the conversion and alleging that Lot 4 is covered by OLT and CLTs were already generated. The report also explained that although Lot 4 is situated in an industrial zone, it remains suitable to rice or com production;

g) On April 25, 1988, EPs were issued over Lot 4;56

h) In October and November 1989, the TCTs were issued cancelling Cabral's OCT No. 0-220 (M) over Lot 4; and cralawlawlibrary

i) The respondents have not shown that they have paid for the lots awarded to them.

Both DAR and the respondents have the burden to show that: (1) Lot 4 was properly brought under the OLT program and the corresponding CLTs were issued; (2) Cabral was duly notified thereof and was paid just compensation; and (3) the respondents had fully paid the amortizations for the just value of the land awarded to them; hence, the issuance of their EPs. Unfortunately, the above chronology is full of significant silences which only raise more questions than answers.

Cabral's right to due process was violated.

Cabral also contends that she was never notified that Lot 4 would be placed under the coverage of the OLT program; hence, her constitutional right to due process of law was violated.

In Heirs of Dr. Deleste v. Land Bank of the Philippines, et al.57 the Court ruled that there must be an actual notice to subject a property under the agrarian reform program, that lack of notice violates the essential requirements of administrative due process of law, and that the enactment of P.D. No. 27 is not a statutory notice to all owners of agricultural lands devoted to rice or com production as to dispense with actual notice to the landowner.58chanrobleslaw

The Court further held that the importance of an actual notice in subjecting a property under the agrarian reform program cannot be underrated, as non-compliance with it trods roughshod with the essential requirements of administrative due process of law.59chanrobleslaw

Here, a perusal of the records showed that, indeed, Cabral's right to due process was violated since she never knew about the coverage of Lot 4 under the OLT program. The Court already noted that the respondents failed to establish their entitlement to the EPs, thereby casting doubt on its validity, as well as on the TCTs that were issued to them. The respondents have likewise adduced no proof of any amortization payments on the subject landholding, and even claim that Cabral's charge of lack of just compensation is immaterial to the petition. Conversely, the mere fact that no compensation was paid itself voids their EPs, which means that the respondents cannot avoid the duty to prove that their subject lots have been paid for.

There was no explanation why only four alleged CLTs were issued, while the four other lots have none.

The Court observed that TCT Nos. EP-005(M), EP-006(M), EP-009(M) and EP-010(M) were not derived from any CLT and that the CA avoided mentioning that the four EPs were issued even without corresponding CLTs. TheCA overlooked the fact that CLT Nos. 0056649, 056491, 001236 and 02056474 were dated July 22, 1982, or 10 years after Lot 4 had supposedly been brought under the OLT program, notwithstanding that in October 1973, a determination had already been made by DAR that the subject landholding was not covered by the OLT program.60 It is incomprehensible to understand why Labayen would deny Cabral's application for conversion only in June 1983, which is 10 years after Cabral first applied for conversion. Indeed, as late as October 1987, or four years after Labayen's supposed letter, Ortega even issued a third endorsement of Cabral's application for conversion. Even more interesting is the fact that a new DAR investigatiop on the suitability of the land for OLT program had to be conducted, albeit Labayen's letter61 in June 1983 declaring that the subject land is covered by the OLT program pursuant to P.D. No. 27 with corresponding CLTs that were already generated.

The Court is inclined to agree with the findings of the PARAD and the DARAB as these circumstances support their findings that no CLTs were issued for the subject landholding. Credence must also be given to Cabral's claim that she was never informed nor involved in the steps and processes taken by the DAR to transfer her subject landholding to the respondents. Worse, Cabral was never paid any compensation for her property. While P.D. No. 27 expressly ordered the emancipation of tenant-farmer, full payment of the just compensation had to be made first, conformably to the constitutional requirement.62chanrobleslaw

Incidentally, the Court cannot likewise discount the significance of the zoning reclassification of the subject landholding by the Municipality of Meycauayan from agricultural to residential, industrial or other urban uses. In the case of Pasong Bayabas Farmers Association, Inc. v. CA,63 the Court held that the power of the local government units to reclassify or convert lands to non-agricultural uses is not subject to the approval of the DAR.64 In Heirs of Luis A. Luna, et al. v. Afable, et al.,65 the Court likewise held that "[t]he regulation by local legislatures of land use in their respective territorial jurisdiction through zoning and reclassification is an exercise of police power."66chanrobleslaw

Lastly, the Court had already ruled that the mere issuance of an EP does not put the ownership of the agrarian reform beneficiary beyond attack and scrutiny. EPs may be cancelled for violations of agrarian laws, rules and regulations. Section 1, Rule II of the DAR New Rules of Procedure, vested the DARAB with exclusive original jurisdiction over cases involving the issuance, correction and cancellation of Certificates of Land Ownership Award (CLOA) and EPs which are registered with the Land Registration Authority (now the RD).67 "For sure, the jurisdiction of the DARAB cannot be deemed to disappear the moment a certificate of title is issued, for, such certificates are not modes of transfer of property but merely evidence of such transfer, and there can be no valid transfer of title should the CLOA, on which it was grounded, be void. The same holds true in the case of a certificate of title issued by virtue of a void [EP]."68chanrobleslaw

Among the grounds for cancellation of registered EPs as summarized by DAR Memorandum Order No. 02, Series of 1994, includes land which is found to be exempt/excluded from P.D. No. 27. Since the subject landholding which is Lot 4 had already been reclassified to non-agricultural uses and was, therefore, already outside the coverage of the OLT program under P.D. No. 27, the EPs and CLTs issued to the respondents are void and should accordingly be cancelled.

WHEREFORE, in view of these considerations, the petition is GRANTED. The Decision dated March 30, 2011 and the Resolution dated August 17, 2011 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 108274 are hereby REVERSED and SET ASIDE. The Decision dated July 29, 2008 and the Resolution dated March 11, 2009 of the Department of Agrarian Reform and Adjudication Board in DARAB Case No. 13552, are REINSTATED.

SO ORDERED.

Velasco, Jr., (Chairperson), Bersamin,*Perez, and Jardeleza, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


* Additional Member per Raffle dated February 10, 2016 vice Associate Justice Diosdado M. Peralta.

1Rollo, pp.9-41.

2 Penned by Associate Justice Priscilla J. Baltazar-Padilla, with Associate Justices Fernanda Lampas Peralta and Agnes R. Carpio concurring; id. at 42-57.

3 Id. at 58-59.

4 Id. at 149-158.

5 Id. at 173-174.

6 Id. at 116-123.

7 DECREEING THE EMANCIPATION OF TENANTS FROM THE BONDAGE OF THE SOIL, TRANSFERRING TO THEM THE OWNERSHIP OF THE LAND THEY TILL AND PROVIDING THE INSTRUMENTS AND MECHANISM THEREFOR. Approved on October 21, 1972.

8Rollo, p. 43
Names
Lot No.
EP No.
TCT No.
Area (sq. m.)
Florencio Adolfo
1
A-117858
EP-003(M)
29,759
Florencio Adolfo
2
A-117859-H
EP-004(M)
957
Gregoria Adolfo
3
A-117978-H
EP-005(M)
630
Gregoria Adolfo
4
A-117979
EP-006(M)
21,793
Gregorio Lazaro
5
A-117980-H
EP-007(M)
839
Gregorio Lazaro
10
A-117981
EP-008(M)
16,906
Elias Policarpio
11
A-117983
EP-010(M)
995
Elias Policarpio
12
A-117982-H
EP-009(M)
18,019
9 Id. at 72-84.

10 Id. at 85-91.

11 Id. at 154.

12 Id. at 116-123.

13 Id. at 122.

14 Id. at 60.

15 Id. at 62.

16 Id. at 119-120.

17See Appeal Memorandum filed by Adolfo and Lazaro, pp. 124-134; Memorandum of Appeal filed by the Heirs of Florencio Adolfo and the Heirs of Elias Policarpio, id. at 125-148.

18 Id. at 149-158.

19 Id. at 159-168.

20 Id. at 173-174.

21 Id. at 175-213. The heirs of Florencio Adolfo were dropped as petitioners per CA Resolution dated July 10, 2009, id. at 42.

22 Id. at 42-57.

23 Id. at 53.

24 Id. at 54.

25cralawred Id.

26 Id. at 318.

27 Id. at 56.

28 Id. at 253-262.

29 Id. at 58-59.

30Reyes v. Heirs of Pablo Floro, 723 Phil. 755, 766-767 (2013).

31 Section 105. Certificates of Land Transfer Emancipation Patents. The Department of Agrarian Reform shall pursuant to P.D. No. 27 issue in duplicate, a Certificate of Land Transfer for every land brought under "Operation Land Transfer", the original of which shall be kept by the tenant-farmer and the duplicate, in the Registry of Deeds.

x x x x

32 AMENDING AND CODIFYING THE LAWS RELATIVE TO REGISTRATION OF PROPERTY AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. Approved on June 11, 1978.

33 730 Phil. 120 (2014).

34 Id. at 140-141.

35Jose v. Novida, G.R. No. 177374, July 2, 2014, 728 SCRA 552, 576, citing Sugar Regulatory Administration v. Tormon, et al.., 700 Phil. 165, 178 (2012).

36Heirs of Arcadia Castro, Sr. v. Lozada, et al., 693 Phil. 431, 450 (2012).

37Rollo, p. 121.

38 Id. at 62, 119, 157.

39 Id. at 119.

40 Id.

41 Id. at 62.

42 TO: The Secretary of the Agrarian Reform x x x x

NOW, THEREFORE, I FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, do hereby order the following:

chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
1. You shall undertake to place under the Land Transfer Program of the government pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 27, all tenanted rice/com lands with areas of seven hectares or less belonging to landowners who own other agricultural lands of more than seven hectares in aggregate areas or lands used for residential, commercial, industrial or other urban purposes from which they derive adequate income to support themselves and their families.

x x x x

43Land Bank of the Philippines v. Estate of J. Amado Araneta, 681 Phil. 315, 343-344 (2012).

44 653 Phil. 213 (2010).

45 Produced by the Agrarian Reform Communication Unit, National Media Production Center for the Ministry of Agrarian Reform (1979) and prepared in consultation with the Bureau of Land Tenure Improvement, Bureau of Agrarian Legal Assistance, Bureau of Resettlement, Center for Operation Land Transfer and the Public Information Division of the Ministry of Agrarian Reform and the Land Bank of the Philippines.

46Reyes v. Barrios, supra note 44, at 227.

47 532 Phil. 204 (2006).

48 Id. at 214.

49Rollo, p. 46.

50 Id. at 62.

51 Id. at 38.

52 Id. at 318.

53 Id. at 30.

54 Id. at 319.

55 Id.

56 Id. at 320-335.

57 666 Phil. 350 (2011).

58 Id. at 381-383.

59 Id. at 381-382.

60Rollo, p. 62.

61 Id. at 318.

62Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines, Inc. v. Han. Sec. of Agrarian Reform, 256 Phil. 777, 824 (1989).

63 473 Phil. 64 (2004).

64 Id. at 95.

65 702 Phil. 146 (2013).

66 Id. at 168.

67Pangilinan v. Balatbat, et al., 694 Phil. 605, 625-626 (2012).

68Gabriel, et al. v. Jamias, et al., 587 Phil. 216, 231 (2008).



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  • G.R. No. 158464, August 02, 2016 - JOCELYN S. LIMKAICHONG, Petitioner, v. LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM, REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF AGRARIAN REFORM, THROUGH THE PROVINCIAL AGRARIAN REFORM OFFICER, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192790, August 01, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. YOLANDO LIBRE ALIAS "NONOY," Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 184008, August 03, 2016 - INDIAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PHILS., INC., Petitioner, v. FILIPINO INDIAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE IN THE PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 9436, August 01, 2016 - SPOUSES NUNILO AND NEMIA ANAYA, Complainants, v. ATTY. JOSE B. ALVAREZ, JR., Respondent.

  • GR. No. 196735, August 03, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DANILO FELICIANO, JR., JULIUS VICTOR MEDALLA, CHRISTOPHER SOLIVA, WARREN L. ZINGAPAN, AND ROBERT MICHAEL BELTRAN PROMULGATED: ALVIR, ACCUSED-APPELLANTS., Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11380, August 16, 2016 - JEN SHERRY WEE-CRUZ, Complainant, v. ATTY. CHICHINA FAYE LIM, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210218, August 17, 2016 - NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. HEIRS OF ANTONINA RABIE, REPRESENTED BY ABRAHAM R. DELA CRUZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212848, August 17, 2016 - ISIDRO COSME AND FERNAN COSME, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3485 [Formerly A.M. No. 14-4-47-MTC], August 01, 2016 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. ELENA S. DIONISIO, FORMER OFFLCER-IN-CHARGE, INTERPRETER I, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT, CARDONA, RIZAL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210752, August 17, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EDDIE REGALADO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 191088, August 17, 2016 - FRILOU CONSTRUCTION, INC., Petitioner, v. AEGIS INTEGRATED STRUCTURE CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205004, August 17, 2016 - SPOUSES ERNESTO IBIAS, SR. AND GONIGONDA IBIAS, Petitioners, v. BENITA PEREZ MACABEO, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10443, August 08, 2016 - WILLIAM G. CAMPOS, JR., REPRESENTED BY ROSARIO B. CAMPOS, RITA C. BATAC AND DORINA D. CARPIO, Complainants, v. ATTY. ALEXANDER C. ESTEBAL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205623, August 10, 2016 - CONCHITA A. SONLEY, Petitioner, v. ANCHOR SAVINGS BANK/ EQUICOM SAVINGS BANK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208181, August 31, 2016 - MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY, Petitioner, v. N.E. MAGNO CONSTRUCTION, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 202808, August 24, 2016 - EDUARDO C. SILAGAN, Petitioner, v. SOUTHFIELD AGENCIES, INC., VICTORIANO A. BASCO AND/OR HYUNDAI MERCHANT MARITIME, CO., LTD.,* Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206878, August 22, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARCELINO CAGA Y FABRE, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 207586, August 17, 2016 - AFP RETIREMENT AND SEPARATION BENEFITS SYSTEM (AFPRSBS), Petitioner, v. EDUARDO SANVICTORES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8210, August 08, 2016 - SPOUSES MANOLO AND MILINIA NUEZCA, Complainants, v. ATTY. ERNESTO V. VILLAGARCIA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210128, August 17, 2016 - ATTY. AMADO Q. NAVARRO, Petitioner, v. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE-REVENUE INTEGRITY PROTECTION SERVICES (DOF-RIPS), REPRESENTED BY JOSE APOLONIO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 182252, August 03, 2016 - JOSE NORBERTO ANG, Petitioner, v. THE ESTATE OF SY SO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 167082, August 03, 2016 - TERESITA I. BUENAVENTURA, Petitioner, v. METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189852, August 17, 2016 - THOMAS BEGNAEN, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES LEO CALIGTAN AND ELMACALIGTAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192297, August 03, 2016 - SUPRA MULTI-SERVICES, INC., JESUS TAMBUNTING, JR., AND RITA CLAIRE T. DABU, Petitioners, v. LANIE M. LABITIGAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219830, August 03, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROBERTO O. BATUHAN AND ASHLEY PLANAS LACTURAN, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 219783, August 03, 2016 - SPOUSES ERNESTO TATLONGHARI AND EUGENIA TATLONGHARI, Petitioners, v. BANGKO KABAYAN-IBAAN RURAL BANK, INC., Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8825, August 03, 2016 - BUDENCIO DUMANLAG, Complainant, v. ATTY. JAIME M. BLANCO, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220998, August 08, 2016 - HOLCIM PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. RENANTE J. OBRA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209032, August 03, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VIVENCIO AUSA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 218809, August 03, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ALLAN EGAGAMAO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 212530, August 10, 2016 - BLOOMBERRY RESORTS AND HOTELS, INC., Petitioner, v. BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, REPRESENTED BY COMMISSIONER KIM S. JACINTO-HENARES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 216130, August 03, 2016 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. GOODYEAR PHILIPPINES, INC., Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11113, August 09, 2016 - CLEO B. DONGGA-AS, Complainant, v. ATTY. ROSE BEATRIX CRUZ-ANGELES, ATTY. WYLIE M. PALER, AND ATTY. ANGELES GRANDEA, OF THE ANGELES, GRANDEA & PALER LAW OFFICE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 213380, August 10, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROMAN ESPIA, Accused-Appellant; JESSIE MORANA, REX ALFARO, RODRIGO AZUCENA, JR., AND RENANTE ABISADO, Accused.

  • G.R. No. 202176, August 01, 2016 - METROPOLITAN BANK & TRUST COMPANY, Petitioner, v. CHUY LU TAN, MR. ROMEO TANCO, DR. SY SE HIONG, AND TAN CHU HSIU YEN, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3113, August 02, 2016 - ROSEMARIE GERDTMAN, REPRESENTED BY HER SISTER AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, ROSALINE LOPEZ BUNQUIN, Complainant, v. RICARDO V. MONTEMAYOR, JR., SHERIFF IV, OFFICE OF THE PROVINCIAL SHERIFF, CALAPAN CITY, PROVINCE OF ORIENTAL MINDORO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207342, August 16, 2016 - GOVERNMENT OF HONGKONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION, REPRESENTED BY THE PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Petitioner, v. JUAN ANTONIO MUNOZ, Respondent.

  • G.R.No. 203880, August 10, 2016 - VICTORIA ECHANES, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES PATRICIO HAILAR AND ADORACION HAILAR, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 200299, August 17, 2016 - SPOUSES JUAN CHUY TAN AND MARY TAN (DECEASED) SUBSTITUTED BY THE SURVIVING HEIRS, JOEL TAN AND ERIC TAN, Petitioners, v. CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206451, August 17, 2016 - ELPIDIO MAGNO, HEIRS OF ISIDRO M. CABATIC, NAMELY: JOSE CABATIC, RODRIGO CABATIC, AND MELBA CABATIC; AND ODELITO M. BUGAYONG, AS HEIR OF THE LATE AURORA MAGNO, Petitioners, v. LORENZO MAGNO, NICOLAS MAGNO, PETRA MAGNO, MARCIANO MAGNO, ISIDRO MAGNO, TEODISTA MAGNO, ESTRELLA MAGNO, BIENVENIDO M. DE GUZMAN, CONCHITA M. DE GUZMAN, SILARY M. DE GUZMAN, MANUEL M. DE GUZMAN AND MANOLO M. DE GUZMAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 196289, August 15, 2016 - Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 217024, August 15, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RODEL BOLO Y MALDO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 200765, August 08, 2016 - DESIDERIO RANARA, JR., Petitioner, v. ZACARIAS DE LOS ANGELES, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 213157, August 10, 2016 - NATIONAL GRID CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. OFELIAM. OLIVA, IN HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS THE CITY TREASURER OF CEBU CITY, Respondent.; G.R. NO. 213558 - OFELIA M. OLLVA, IN HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS THE CITY TREASURER OF CEBU CITY, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL GRID CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10231, August 10, 2016 - OSCAR M. BAYSAC, Complainant, v. ATTY. ELOISA M. ACERON-PAPA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189081, August 10, 2016 - GLORIA S. DY, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, MANDY COMMODITIES CO., INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, WILLIAM MANDY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203192, August 15, 2016 - IBM PHILIPPINES, INC., Petitioner, v. PRIME SYSTEMS PLUS, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 188769, August 03, 2016 - JOSEPH OMAR O. ANDAY A, Petitioner, v. RURAL BANK OF CABADBARAN, INC., DEMOSTHENES P. ORAIZ and RICARDO D. GONZALEZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 220715, August 24, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. RONNIE BOY EDA Y CASANI, Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 217872, August 24, 2016 - ALLIANCE FOR THE FAMILY FOUNDATION, PHILIPPINES, INC. (ALFI) AND ATTY. MARIA CONCEPCION S. NOCHE, IN HER OWN BEHALF AND AS PRESIDENT OF ALFI, JOSE S. SANDEJAS, ROSIE B. LUISTRO, ELENITA S.A. SANDEJAS, EMILY R. LAWS, EILEEN Z. ARANETA, SALVACION C. MONTIERO, MARIETTA C. GORREZ, ROLANDO M. BAUTISTA, RUBEN T. UMALI AND MILDRED C. CASTOR, Petitioners, v. HON. JANETTE L. GARIN, SECRETARY-DESIGNATE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, NICOLAS B. LUTERO III, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF HEALTH, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE, FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, AND MARIA LOURDES C. SANTIAGO, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE, CENTER FOR DRUG REGULATION AND RESEARCH, Respondents.; G.R. No. 221866 - MARIA CONCEPCION S. NOCHE, IN HER OWN BEHALF AND AS COUNSEL OF PETITIONERS, JOSE S. SANDEJAS, ROSIE B. LUISTRO, ELENITA S.A. SANDEJAS, EMILY R. LAWS, EILEEN Z. ARANETA, SALVACION C. MONTIERO, MARIETTA C. GORREZ, ROLANDO M. BAUTISTA, RUBEN T. UMALI AND MILDRED C. CASTOR, Petitioners, v. HON. JANETTE L. GARIN, SECRETARY-DESIGNATE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, NICOLAS B. LUTERO III, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF HEALTH, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE, FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, AND MARIA LOURDES C. SANTIAGO, OFFICER-IN-CHARGE, CENTER FOR DRUG REGULATION AND RESEARCH, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208758, August 24, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOVEN GERON Y YEMA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 214077, August 10, 2016 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. DANILO A. PANGASINAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212632, August 24, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DEN ANDO Y SADULLAH AND SARAH ANDO Y BERNAL, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 219592, August 17, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ARTHUR PARCON Y ESPINOSA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 181268, August 15, 2016 - MILAGROS HERNANDEZ, REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, FE HERNANDEZ-ARCEO, Petitioner, v. EDWINA C. OCAMPO, PHILIPPINE SAVINGS BANK, FELICITAS R. MENDOZA, METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, THE SHERIFF, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BINAN, LAGUNA, AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS, CALAMBA CITY, LAGUNA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 177875, August 08, 2016 - ATTY. RODOLFO D. MATEO, Complainant, v. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ALBERTO G. ROMULO, DEPUTY EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ARTHUR P. AUTEA, PRESIDENTIAL ANTI-GRAFT COMMISSION, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, JOSE J. BELTRAN, EVELYN F. DACUYCUY, C.G. DUMATAY, HIGEVO C. MANGOSING, JOEY C. CASTRO, PACITA F. BARBA, RICARDO OLARTE, BELEN I. JUAREZ, LIZA T. OLIVAR, LUISA C. BOKINGO, SANDRO JESUS T. SALES, EDGARDO T. AGBAY, EDUARDO F. PACIO, MILDRED V. BEADOY, FRANCIS B. HILARIE, MA. NERIZZA L. BERDIN, LUIS S. RONGAVTLLA, ARLENE C. DIAZ, MARY JANE M. LAPIDEZ, MELCHOR P. ABRIL, VILMA A. VERGARA, MA. ISABEL S. NOFUENTE, BEATRIZ N. SORIANO, MA. ANNABELLE S. LUSUNG, JAIME M. NOFUENTE, ERLINDA RIZO, MA. CHAREVA S. GONZALES, LILIAN P. GACUSAN, MA. ANGELICA R. RONGAVILLA, EVELYN V. AYSON, CHARITO M. MENGUITO, ARLEEN E. BATAC, RENATO R. RIZO, EDUARDO D. ADINO, MILAGROS M. VELASCO, BELEN T. TORMON, RENATO P. GOJO CRUZ AND EMMIE L. RUALES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 185369, August 03, 2016 - J. TOBIAS M. JAVIER AND VINCENT H. PICCIO III, Petitioners, v. RHODORA J. CADIAO, ALFONSO V. COMBONG, JR., BENJAMIN E. JUANITAS, CALIXTO G. ZALDIVAR III, DANTE M. BERIONG, FERNANDO C. CORVERA, HECTOR L. FRANGUE AND KENNY S. OLANDRES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 163494, August 03, 2016 - JESUSA T. DELA CRUZ Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220023, August 08, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Appellee, v. DARIO TUBORO Y RAFAEL, Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 206227, August 31, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. STANLEY BUENAMER Y MANDANE, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 215954, August 01, 2016 - SPOUSES JOVEN SY AND CORAZON QUE SY, Petitioners, v. CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189185, August 16, 2016 - WILFREDO MOSQUEDA, MARCELO VILLAGANES, JULIETA LAWAGON, CRISPIN ALCOMENDRAS, CORAZON SABINADA, VIRGINIA CATA-AG, FLORENCIA SABANDON, AND LEDEVINA ADLAWAN, Petitioners, v. PILIPINO BANANA GROWERS & EXPORTERS ASSOCIATION, INC., DAVAO FRUITS CORPORATION, AND LAPANDAY AGRICULTURAL AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.; G.R. No. 189305 - CITY GOVERNMENT OF DAVAO, Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS, PILIPINO BANANA GROWERS & EXPORTERS ASSOCIATION (PBGEA), DAVAO FRUITS CORPORATION, AND LAPANDAY AGRICULTURAL AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 187850, August 17, 2016 - ANITA U. LORENZANA, Petitioner, v. RODOLFO LELINA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215750, August 17, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CARLITO TAYAO Y LAYA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 191527, August 22, 2016 - BALIBAGO FAITH BAPTIST CHURCH, INC. AND PHILIPPINE BAPTIST S.B.C., INC., Petitioners, v. FAITH IN CHRIST JESUS BAPTIST CHURCH, INC. AND REYNALDO GALVAN, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-13-3137, August 23, 2016 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. UMAIMA L. SILONGAN, ABIE M. AMILIL, AND SALICK U. PANDA, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 170060, August 17, 2016 - DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. CLARGES CORPORATION, REALTY Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 2404, August 17, 2016 - NILO B. DIONGZON, Petitioner, v. ATTY. WILLIAM MIRANO, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 7437, August 17, 2016 - AVIDA LAND CORPORATION (FORMERLY LAGUNA PROPERTIES HOLDINGS, INC.), Complainant, v. ATTY. AL C. ARGOSINO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 192491, August 17, 2016 - MARY JANE G. DY CHIAO, Petitioner, v. SEBASTIAN BOLIVAR, SHERIFF IV, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 19, IN NAGA CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220479, August 17, 2016 - PASDA, INCORPORATED, Petitioner, v. REYNALDO P. DIMAYACYAC, SR., SUBSTITUTED BY THE HEIRS, REPRESENTED BY ATTY. DEMOSTHENES D. C. DIMAYACYAC, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219569, August 17, 2016 - HSY MARKETING LTD., CO., Petitioner, v. VIRGILIO O. VILLASTIQUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205573, August 17, 2016 - HELEN LORENZO CUNANAN, Petitioner, v. COURT OF APPEALS, NINTH DIVISION, TEOFILO Q. INOCENCIO, REGIONAL DIRECTOR, DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM REGIONAL OFFICE NO. III, AND YOLANDA MERCADO, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 9090, August 31, 2016 - TEODORO B. CRUZ, JR., Complainant, v. ATTYS. JOHN G. REYES, ROQUE BELLO AND CARMENCITA A. ROUS-GONZAGA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 218578, August 31, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ENRICO BRIONES BADILLA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 213187, August 24, 2016 - HAIDE BULALACAO-SORIANO, Petitioner, v. ERNESTO PAPINA, REPRESENTED BY ROSEMARY PAPINA-ZABALA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215551, August 17, 2016 - JAKERSON G. GARGALLO, Petitioner, v. DOHLE SEAFRONT CREWING (MANILA), INC., DOHLE MANNING AGENCIES, INC., AND MR. MAYRONILO B. PADIZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 213241, August 01, 2016 - PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Petitioner, v. JUAN F. VILA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220461, August 24, 2016 - THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SPOUSES PRIMO C. YBA�EZ AND NILA S. YBA�EZ, MARIS Q. REYOS, AND MICHELLE T. HUAT, Accused-Appellants.

  • A.C. No. 9464, August 24, 2016 - INTERADENT ZAHNTECHNIK, PHIL., INC., REPRESENTED BY LUIS MARCO I. AVANCE�A, Complainant, v. ATTY. REBECCA S. FRANCISCO-SIMBILLO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200157, August 31, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOERY DELIOLA Y BARRIDO, A.K.A. "JAKE DELIOLA," Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3418 (Formerly A.M. No. P-12-3-46-RTC), August 08, 2016 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. ANTONIA P. ESPEJO, STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 20, VIGAN CITY, ILOCOS SUR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 222658, August 17, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARIO GALIA BAGAMANO, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3515 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 15-4401-P), August 10, 2016 - ARNOLD G. TECSON, Complainant, v. ATTY. MARICEL LILLED ASUNCION-ROXAS, CLERK OF COURT VI, BRANCH 23, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, TRECE MARTIRES CITY, CAVITE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 214186, August 03, 2016 - RODFHEL BACLAAN, TORREFIEL, MYRA SUACILLO, LORLIE ORENDAY, SHEELA LAO, AND LEODELYN LIBOT, Petitioners, v. BEAUTY LANE PHILS., INC/MS. MA. HENEDINA D. TOBOJKA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 195138, August 24, 2016 - NATIONAL TRANSMISSION CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. MISAMIS ORIENTAL I ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, INC., Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3490 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 14-4278-P], August 30, 2016 - JUDGE FE GALLON-GAYANILO, Complainant, v. ERIC C. CALDITO, PROCESS SERVER, BRANCH 35, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, ILOILO CITY, ILOILO,, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11317, August 23, 2016 - ETHELENE W. SAN JUAN, Complainant, v. ATTY. FREDDIE A. VENIDA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215715, August 31, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EDCEL COLORADA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 220608, August 31, 2016 - MARCELINO T. TAMIN, Petitioner, v. MAGSAYSAY MARITIME CORPORATION AND/OR MASTERBULK PTE. LTD., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 185473, August 17, 2016 - BERNADETTE IDA ANG HIGA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200577, August 17, 2016 - CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, Petitioner, v. CAROLINA P. JUEN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 185638, August 10, 2016 - HONORABLE ALVIN P. VERGARA, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CITY MAYOR OF CABANATUAN CITY, AND SANGGUNIANG PANLUNGSOD OF CABANATUAN CITY, Petitioners, v. LOURDES MELENCIO S. GRECIA, REPRESENTED BY RENATO GRECIA, AND SANDRA MELENCIO IN REPRESENTATION OF MA. PAZ SALGADO VDA. DE MELENCIO, CONCHITA MELENCIO, CRISTINA MELENCIO AND LEONARDO MELENCIO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 190143, August 10, 2016 - SPOUSES LOLITA ORENCIA AND PEDRO D. ORENCIA, Petitioners, v. FELISA CRUZ VDA. DE RANIN, REPRESENTED BY HER ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, MRS. ESTELA C. TANCHOCO, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11350 [Formerly CBD Case No. 14-4211], August 09, 2016 - ADEGOKE R. PLUMPTRE, Complainant, v. ATTY. SOCRATES R. RIVERA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 9920 [Formerly A.M. No. MTJ-07-1691], August 30, 2016 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. FORMER JUDGE ROSABELLA M. TORMIS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198756, August 16, 2016 - BANCO DE ORO, BANK OF COMMERCE, CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, METROPOLITAN BANK & TRUST COMPANY, PHILIPPINE BANK OF COMMUNICATIONS, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, PHILIPPINE VETERANS BANK, AND PLANTERS DEVELOPMENT BANK, Petitioners; RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORPORATION AND RCBC CAPITAL CORPORATION, Petitioners-Intervenors; CAUCUS OF DEVELOPMENT NGO NETWORKS, Petitioner-Intervenor, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, SECRETARY OF FINANCE, DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, THE NATIONAL TREASURER, AND BUREAU OF TREASURY, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 7178, August 23, 2016 - VICENTE M. GIMENA, Complainant, v. ATTY. SALVADOR T. SABIO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199239, August 24, 2016 - PERCY MALONESIO, IN HIS CAPACITY AS GENERAL MANAGER OF AIR TRANSPORTATION OFFICE (ATO), Petitioner, v. ARTURO M. JIZMUNDO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 216146, August 24, 2016 - ALFREDO L. CHUA, TOMAS L. CHUA AND MERCEDES P. DIAZ, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 187822-23, August 03, 2016 - EVER ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING, INC., VICENTE C. GO AND GEORGE C. GO, Petitioners, v. PHILIPPINE BANK OF COMMUNICATIONS (PBCOM), REPRESENTED BY ITS VICE-PRESIDENT, MR. DOMINGO S. AURE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220399, August 22, 2016 - ENRIQUE Y. SAGUN, Petitioner, v. ANZ GLOBAL SERVICES AND OPERATIONS (MANILA), INC., GAY CRUZADA, AND PAULA ALCARAZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 174379, August 31, 2016 - E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND CO. (ASSIGNEE OF INVENTORS CARINI, DUNCIA AND WONG), Petitioner, v. DIRECTOR EMMA C. FRANCISCO (IN HER CAPACITY AS DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE), DIRECTOR EPIFANIO M. EVASCO (IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE DHUECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF PATENTS), AND THERAPHARMA, INC., Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3541 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 12-3915-P], August 30, 2016 - SYLVIA G. CORPUZ, Complainant, v. CEFERINA B. RIVERA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF DAVAO CITY, DAVAO DEL SUR, BRANCH 12, Respondent.; A.M. No. P-16-3542 [FORMERLY OCA IPI No. 13-4049-P] - PRESIDING JUDGE RUFINO S. FERRARIS, JR., MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES OF DAVAO CITY, BRANCH 7, Complainant, v. CEFERINA B. RIVERA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF DAVAO CITY, DAVAO DEL SUR, BRANCH 12, Respondent.; A.M. No. P-16-3543 [FORMERLY OCA IPI No. 13-4074-P] - IRINEO F. MARTINEZ, JR., Complainant, v. CEFERINA B. RIVERA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF DAVAO CITY, DAVAO DEL SUR, BRANCH 12, RESPONDENT.; OCA IPI No. 14-2731-MTJ - CEFERINA B. RIVERA, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF DAVAO CITY, DAVAO DEL SUR, BRANCH 12, Complainant, v. PRESIDING JUDGE RUFINO S. FERRARIS, JR., MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES OF DAVAO CITY, BRANCH 7, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8698, August 31, 2016 - MANUEL B. BERNALDEZ, Complainant, v. ATTY. WILMA DONNA C. ANQUILO-GARCIA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198160, August 31, 2016 - VICTORIA P. CABRAL, Petitioner, v. GREGORIA ADOLFO, GREGORIO LAZARO AND HEIRS OF ELIAS POLICARPIO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 209385, August 31, 2016 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. SALUD ABALOS AND JUSTINA CLARISSA P. MAMARIL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 189289, August 31, 2016 - GLORIA ZOLETA-SAN AGUSTIN, Petitioner, v. ERNESTO SALES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199431, August 31, 2016 - STA. FE REALTY, INC. AND VICTORIA SANDEJAS FABREGAS, Petitioners, v. JESUS M. SISON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 221848, August 30, 2016 - FIELD INVESTIGATION OFFICE OF THE OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, Petitioner, v. REY RUECA CASTILLO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 218086, August 10, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CHARLIE BALISONG, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 197356, August 24, 2016 - EMILIO A. AQUINO, Petitioner, v. CARMELITA TANGKENGKO, MORRIS TANGKENGKO AND RANILLO TANGKENGKO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 183173, August 24, 2016 - THE CHAIRMAN AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, PALAWAN COUNCIL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, AND THE PALAWAN COUNCIL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, Petitioners, v. EJERCITO LIM, DOING BUSINESS AS BONANZA AIR SERVICES, AS REPRESENTED BY HIS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, CAPT. ERNESTO LIM, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199497, August 24, 2016 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DELIA CAMANNONG, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 211724, August 24, 2016 - IN THE MATTER OF THE PETITION FOR CORRECTION OF ENTRY (CHANGE OF FAMILY NAME IN THE BIRTH CERTIFICATE OF FELIPE C. ALMOJUELA AS APPEARING IN THE RECORDS OF THE NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE), FELIPE C. ALMOJUELA, Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 219071, August 24, 2016 - SPOUSES CHARITO M. REYES AND ROBERTO REYES, AND SPOUSES VILMA M. MARAVILLO AND DOMINGO MARAVILLO, JR., Petitioners, v. HEIRS OF BENJAMIN MALANCE,* NAMELY: ROSALINA M. MALANCE, BERNABE M. MALANCE, BIENVENIDO M. MALANCE, AND DOMINGA** M. MALANCE, REPRESENTED BY BIENVENIDO M. MALANCE, Respondents.