Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence


Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2017 > November 2017 Decisions > G.R. No. 206437, November 22, 2017 - LEANDRO CRUZ, EMMANUEL MANAHAN, ALRIC JERVOSO, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.:




G.R. No. 206437, November 22, 2017 - LEANDRO CRUZ, EMMANUEL MANAHAN, ALRIC JERVOSO, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

FIRST DIVISION

G.R. No. 206437, November 22, 2017

LEANDRO CRUZ, EMMANUEL MANAHAN, ALRIC JERVOSO, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

D E C I S I O N

DEL CASTILLO, J.:

This Petition for Review on Certiorari assails the July 20, 2012 Decision1 and March27, 2013 Resolution2 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. CR No. 32942. The CA affirmed the August 13, 2009 Decision3 of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Makati, Branch 56 in Criminal Case No. 04-2725 finding Leandro Cruz (Cruz), Emmanuel Manahan (Manahan), and Alric Jervoso (Jervoso) guilty of Qualified Theft, and imposing upon them the penalty often (10) years and one (1) day of prision mayor, as minimum, to fourteen (14) years, eight (8) months and one (1) day of reclusion temporal, as maximum.

Factual Antecedents

In an Information4 dated May 17, 2004, Cruz, Manahan, Jervoso (petitioners), and Alvin Pardilla (Pardilla) were charged with Qualified Theft the accusatory portion of which reads:

That in or about and sometime during the month of October, 2003, in the City of Mak:ati, Metro Manila Philippines, a place within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the above-named accused, being then the Warehouse Supervisor, Assistant Warehouse Supervisor, Delivery Driver cum Warehouse Assistant and Warehouse cum Delivery Assistant, respectively, and as such have access to the Warehouse and enjoying the trust and confidence reposed upon them by complainant, with grave abuse of confidence, intent to gain and without the knowledge and consent of the owner thereof, did then and there willfully, unlawfully and feloniously, take, steal, and carry away the stock products held in the warehouse in the total an1ount of Php1,122,205.00 belonging to PRESTIGE BRANDS PHIL., INC., herein represented by VAIBHAV TEMBULKAR y ATMARAM, to the damage and prejudice of the owner thereof.

CONTRARY TO LAW.
When arraigned, petitioners pleaded "Not Guilty"5 to the charges against them while Pardilla remained at large.6

After the termination of the pre-trial, trial on the merits ensued.

Version of the Prosecution

To establish its case, the prosecution presented Vinod Dadlani (Dadlani), the President of Prestige Brands Phils., Inc. (Prestige Brands);7 Albert Ding (Ding), the former Finance Manager of the Prestige Group of Companies in South East Asia;8 and Rebecca Pascual (Pascual), the former Finance Manager of Prestige Brands.9 These witnesses testified on the following facts:

Prestige Brands, a company engaged in the sale and distribution of various products in the Philippines, through Dadlani, employed Cruz, Manahan, Jervoso, and Pardilla10 as Warehouse Supervisor, Assistant Warehouse Supervisor, Delivery Driver and Warehouse Assistant, and Warehouse Assistant, respectively.11 Dadlani authorized only five individuals - petitioners, Pardilla, and Prestige Brands' Vice President, Vaibhav Temhulkar (Tembulkar), - to have access to its warehouse located at the 4th Floor of the ITC Building in Jupiter, Makati City. Only Cruz and Tembulkar had keys to its locks. They would open it in the morning, and in the evening, Cruz would turnover his keys to Tembulkar. Authorized warehouse personnel were not subjected to any checking when they leave the warehouse.12 On the other hand, non-warehouse personnel, like Pascual, could enter the same only if accompanied by a warehouse staff, and would be :frisked when they leave the premises.13

In October 2003, Tembulk:ar informed Dadlani that he would conduct an investigation since discrepancies in their record vis-a-vis the physical count of the items stored in the warehouse were noted.14 Based on the company's inventory updates for January 2003 to April 2003, and October 2003 conducted by Ding,15 about P1.2 million worth of Prestige Brands' products were unaccounted, which included fragrance brands like Hugo Boss, Dolce and Gabbana, Ferrari, and So You by Beverly Hills.16

On November 20, 2003, Tembulkar referred petitioners and Pardilla to Dadlani. Thereafter, Cruz, Jervoso, and Pardilla admitted to Dadlani that they stole and sold products of Prestige Brands, and divided the proceeds among themselves. Cruz, Jervoso, and Pardilla executed their written confession on the matter. However, Manahan did not confess to anything.17 Subsequently, petitioners and Pardilla no longer reported for work. Thus, on November 27, 2003, Prestige Brands issued a Memorandum requiring them to conduct a physical stock count and verify the missing products.18

Meanwhile, Cruz filed his resignation letter dated October 29, 2003 which Dadlani accepted but modified its effectivity date.19 Later, Prestige Brands twice wrote Cruz to report back to work and make a stock count but to no avail.20

Version of the Defense

Petitioners denied the charges against them and averred as follows:

Prestige Brands employed petitioners and Pardilla as warehouse personnel.21 In particular, they were tasked to prepare perfumes for delivery to the clients of the company. After packing the items, the staff of the Accounting Department would frisk petitioners and Pardilla. Thereafter, they would deliver the perfumes to different stores.22 Cruz and Tembulkar kept the keys to the two locks of the first door leading to the warehouse, where Prestige Brands stored all its products for delivery.23 The first door of the warehouse had two locks; Cruz kept the key to the first lock while Tembulkar had the key to the second lock. And only Tembulkar had a key to the second door leading to the warehouse.24

On November 15, 2003, Cruz filed his resignation letter but it was agreed that his resignation would take effect only on November 29, 2003.25

On November 20, 2003, however, while Jervoso was in Robinsons Department Store delivering perfumes, he received a call from Cruz telling him to return to the office. Upon arriving in their office, Cruz told Jervoso that Dadlani wanted Jervoso to drive for him (Dadlani).26 Jervoso drove Dadlani to GMA 7. Thereafter, Jervoso, Dadlani, and Dadlani's friend, Mayor Lito Atienza27 (Mayor Atienza), went to Baywalk at Roxas Boulevard, Manila. There, Mayor Atienza told Jervoso that his (Jervoso) boss had a problem as his employees stole from him P10 million worth of perfumes. Jervoso replied that nothing was lost because an inventory was conducted but Mayor Atienza countered that petitioners were the only ones present during the inventory. Mayor Atienza likewise told Jervoso to cooperate or else he would be liable.28

On the same day, Dadlani and Ding met with petitioners and Pardilla in Dadlani's office.29 Dadlani told Cruz about the missing items in the warehouse but Cruz replied that he was unaware of it. Dadlani told Cruz that he would disclose the incident to the media, and would involve their family. Dadlani then told Cruz that if he would sign the computer printout handed him, no complaint would be filed against petitioners and Pardilla. Perforce, Cruz signed the document where he admitted that he stole products of Prestige Brands.30

During his testimony, Cruz stated that he failed to reconcile the discrepancies in the inventory because he had no access to the computer-generated report related to it; also his office table was forcibly opened and all documents material for the reconciliation of the discrepancies were taken.31 Upon presentment of a letter dated October 20, 2003, Cruz acknowledged that it was the same document that Dadlani asked him to sign minus the jurat.32

On November 20, 2003, Dadlani also spoke with Jervoso. On the same occasion, Dadlani handed Jervoso a letter dated October 20, 2003 which the latter signed without understanding that it contained an accusation of theft against him, his co-petitioners, and Pardilla.33

Likewise, Dadlani handed Manahan a letter which stated that petitioners and Pardilla stole several items from the company. Despite Dadlani mentioning his friends in the media, particularly from GMA 7 and Manila Bulletin, and his connections in Manila, including Mayor Atienza and the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), Manahan refused to sign said letter.34 On November 21, 2003, Manahan resigned from Prestige Brands.35

On November 22, 2003, while Jervoso and Cruz were working in the warehouse, Ernesto Lontoc (Lontoc) and Atty. Francisco Simon (Atty. Simon), who were purportedly from the NBI, asked them to write a letter admitting that they (Jervoso and Cruz) stole perfumes. Jervoso wrote a letter which, contrary to the request, stated that he, his co-petitioners, and Pardilla did nothing wrong against the company. Dadlani got mad when he received Jervoso's letter. Ultimately, despite his initial protest, Jervoso was prevailed to prepare a letter attesting that they stole from the company. After the incident, Jervoso no longer reported for work.36 During the trial, Jervoso denied that the letter he wrote contained a jurat.37

Meanwhile, on November 23, 2003, Cruz and Jervoso went to the Makati Police Station and reported38 that at about 5:00 p.m. on November 21, 2003, Dadlani, Ding, and an unidentified male person forced them to sign a confession letter, which alleged that they stole products from the warehouse; that on November 22, 2003, Dadlani, Lontoc, and Atty. Simon forced them to translate their confession into their (Cand Jervoso) own handwriting; and that they were intimidated into signing the letter and even detained at the company premises up to 11:15 p.m. and were allowed to leave only after affixing their signature to the confession letter.

On November 24, 2003. Cruz and Jervoso filed with the Makati Prosecutor's Office a Complaint39 for grave coercion, grave threats, and incriminating innocent persons against Prestige Brands. At the time of the trial the motion for reconsideration filed relative to the denial of the petition for review (on the dismissal of the complaint) was still pending with the Department of Justice.40

Ruling of the Regional Trial Court

On August 13, 2009, the RTC rendered its Decision against petitioners, the dispositive portion of which reads:
WHEREFORE, with all the foregoing consideration, the Court finds that the prosecution established beyond reasonable doubt the guilt of the accused Alric Jervoso, Leandro Cruz and Emmanuel Manahan as having committed the crime of Qualified Theft, and are sentenced to suffer the penalty of 10 years and 1 day of Prision Mayor as minimum; 14 years, 8 months and 1 day of Reclusion Temporal as maximum.

Said accused are ordered to pay solidarily the private complainant the amount of P1,122,205.00.

The case against accused Alvin Pardilla, who is at large is archived.

SO ORDERED.41
The RTC held that the prosecution proved that petitioners committed grave abuse of confidence when they stole items belonging to Prestige Brands. It added that petitioners enjoyed trust and confidence of Prestige Brands because they were given access to company stocks, which they took out for delivery to clients.

It further decreed that the prosecution established the fact of loss of Prestige Brands' personal properties, comprising of its inventories for the periods ending on April 30, 2003 and October 2003 in the total amount of P1,122,205.00. It ratiocinated that while no one witnessed the actual taking of said items, the written admissions of Jervoso and Cruz were admissible in evidence. These admissions, according to the RTC, were part of res gestae because they were spontaneous reactions to the confrontation, and were not mere afterthought. It added that while Manahan did not submit any written confession, it appeared that he shared in the proceeds of the stolen items, which was indicative of conspiracy and connivance.

In sum, the RTC ruled that the chain of evidence led to the conclusion that petitioners committed Qualified Theft because they had exclusive access to the warehouse; their admission when confronted were concrete and convincing; hence, they were guilty of theft of company stocks.

Undaunted, petitioners appealed to the CA.

Ruling of the Court of Appeals

On July 20, 2012, the CA affirmed the RTC Decision.

According to the CA, the prosecution established loss of Prestige Brands' personal property as shown by its inventories for May 2003 and for October 2003. It ruled that petitioners had exclusive access to the warehouse; they had the duties to safekeep the items and maintain an inventory thereof; and when discrepancies were noted in the inventory, petitioners failed to explain or account for such loss/discrepancies. It also gave credence to the admission of petitioners that they stole from Prestige Brands.

On March 27, 2013, the CA denied petitioners' Motion for Reconsideration.

Aggrieved, petitioners filed this Petition for Review raising the following grounds:
THE COURT OF APPEALS ISSUED ITS ASSAILED DECISION AND RESOLUTION IN A MANNER NOT IN ACCORD WITH LAW BY UPHOLDING PETITIONERS' CONVICTION FOR THE CRIME OF QUALIFIED THEFT.

A.

THE COURT OF APPEALS' RELIANCE ON THE INVENTORIES AND ITS CONCLUSION THAT THE 'ELEMENT OF LOSS' WAS ESTABLISHED ARE BOTH CONTRARY TO LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE CONSIDERING THAT THE INVENTORIES DID NOT PROVE ANY OF THE ELEMENTS OF QUALIFIED THEFT AND NOT A MERE 'LOSS[.]'

B.

CONTRARY TO THE COURT OF APPEALS' RULING, THE WRITTEN CONFESSIONS PURPORTEDLY EXECUTED BY PETITIONERS, SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GIVEN EVIDENTIARY WEIGHT SINCE THE SAME WERE INVOLUNTARILY EXECUTED IN VIOLATION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF THE PETITIONERS, AND THEY WERE NOT CORROBORATED WITH CORPUS DELICTI, AS REQUIRED BY THE RULES OF COURT[.]

C.

THE COURT OF APPEALS FAILED TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE PHYSICAL IMPOSSIBILITY OF TAKING ALL THE ALLEGED l11SSING PERFUMES IN ONE INSTANCE ONLY THAT SHOULD HAVE CREATED REASONABLE DOUBT ON THE GUILT OF THE PETITIONERS.

D.

CONTRARY TO THE FINDING OF THE COURT OF APPEALS, THE PROSECUTION FAILED TO PROVE THAT PETITIONERS' POSITIONS INVOLVED CONFIDENCE REPOSED BY PRESTIGE BRANDS SO AS TO QUALIFY THE CRIME OF THEFT CONSIDERING THAT THE PROSECUTION MERELY PRESENTED THE JOB DESCRIPTIONS, LETTERS OF APPOINTMENTS OF THE PETITIONERS, AND A SKETCH OF THE WAREHOUSE.

E.

THE COURT OF APPEALS ACTED CONTRARY TO LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE WHEN IT UPHELD THE SUFFICIENCY OF TI-IE PROSECUTION'S CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE CONSIDERING THAT THE COMBINATION OF ALL THE CIRCUMSTANCES DID NOT ESTABLISH THAT A CRIME HAD BEEN COMMITTED, NOR THAT THE PETITIONERS WERE GUILTY THEREOF BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT.42
Petitioners' Arguments

Petitioners stress that apart from the shortage or loss of inventories, the CA did not explain how the unlawful taking was committed in this case. They also contend that the discrepancy in Prestige Brands' inventory from January 2003 to April 30, 2003 did not prove that bey committed theft in October 2003. They further argue that there was no showing that the lost items were indeed stored in the warehouse, or were in their possession. As such, they posit that "the inventory reports did not establish (1) the existence of the fragrances, (2) the possession thereof by [them] or (3) the alleged taking thereof, or (4) that there was theft or (5) that [p]etitioners committed the same, ([6]) much less with grave abuse of trust and confidence."43 They further claim that the written confessions they purportedly executed have no evidentiary value because they did not voluntarily execute them, and the same were not corroborated with corpus delicti. They insist that they signed their confessions under duress.

In fine, petitioners posit that the circumstantial evidence against them did not prove that a crime was committed and that they were guilty thereof. As such, there is reasonable doubt that they committed theft against Prestige Brands.

Respondent's Arguments

For its part, respondent maintains that petitioners abused Prestige Brand's confidence when they stole items for which they were hired to safeguard and protect. It also asseverates that the notarized confessions of petitioners must prevail over their defense of mere denial.

Our Ruling

The Petition is with merit.

As a rule, only questions of law, not of facts, may be raised in a petition under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court. This rulehowever, admits of exceptions including such situation where the lower court had ignored, overlooked, or misconstrued relevant facts, which if taken into consideration will change the outcome of the case. Considering said exception, and the fact that the liberty of petitioners is at stake here, the Court sees it necessary to carefully review the records of this case, and determine whether the CA properly affirmed the RTC Decision convicting petitioners of Qualified Theft.44

Moreover, no less than our Constitution provides the presumption that the accused is innocent until proven otherwise by proof beyond a reasonable doubt.45 Such proof requires moral certainty, or that "degree of proof which produces conviction in an unprejudiced mind."46 Additionally, the prosecution has the burden to overcome the presumption of innocence. And, in the discharge of its burden, the prosecution must rely on the strength of its evidence, and not on the weakness of the defense.47

Here, petitioners with their co-accused Pardilla were charged with Qualified Theft. Based on the foregoing precepts, they are presumed innocent unless the prosecution established by proof beyond reasonable doubt that they are guilty as charged. In order to do so, the prosecution must show that the following elements of Qualified Theft are present here: (a) there must be taking of personal property, which belongs to another; (b) such taking was done with intent to gain, and without the owner's consent; (c) it was made with no violence or intimidation against persons nor force upon things; and (d) it was done under any of the circumstances under Article 310 of the Revised Penal Code, which circumstances include grave abuse of confidence.48

Put in another way, in order for petitioners to be found guilty of Qualified Theft, the prosecution must prove with moral certainty that Prestige Brands lost its personal property by petitioners' felonious taking49 thereof or by their acts of depriving Prestige Brands ofits control and possession without its consent.50

However, the prosecution miserably failed to discharge its burden.

First, the RTC confirmed that no one witnessed the actual taking of items belonging to Prestige Brands. To establish unlawful taking, the RTC merely relied on the assertion that there were discrepancies in the inventories of Prestige Brands. Such reliance, however, is misplaced because the inventories51 for January-April 2003, and October 2003, contained only a list of items purportedly stored in Prestige Brands' warehouse and nothing more. Similar to our ruling in Manuel Huang Chua v. People,52 we can neither speculate on the purpose of these inventories nor surmise on the stories behind them. While the prosecution insists that the inventories evidenced the discrepancies of the items stored in the warehouse and those that the company lost, the inventories themselves did not indicate such fact.

Moreover, it is contrary to ordinary human experience that Prestige Brands did not promptly investigate the supposed discrepancies in its inventory for January-April 2003. It even waited for the subsequent October 2003 inventory to verify the supposed shortage of items. Indeed, prudent behavior would have prompted Prestige Brands to immediately investigate and determine if it sustained any loss at the earliest possible opportunity, and if it indeed sustained any loss, whether petitioners were the perpetrators of the unlawful taking.53

Second, contrary to the fmding of the RTC and the CA, petitioners and Pardilla did not have exclusive access to the warehouse of Prestige Brands.

Both prosecution and defense revealed that Dadlani authorized five people - petitioners, Pardilla, and Tembulkar - to have access to its warehouse. In fact, Tembulkar, along with Cruz, held its keys. Cruz could not enter the warehouse if the second lock is not opened using Tembulkar's keys. Moreover, petitioners were being frisked by the accounting staff everytime they take out items for delivery. The prosecution further confirmed that Cruz must turn over his keys to Tembulkar in the evening. This only means that, aside from petitioners, other individuals may have entered the warehouse and may have had taken the alleged missing items. Indeed, in order to justify the contention that petitioners took the items in the warehouse, it is necessary to prove the impossibility that no other person has committed the crime. However, given that petitioners were not the only personnel who could enter the warehouse, the Court cannot exclude the possibility that some other person may have had committed the alleged theft against the company.54

In addition, the prosecution did not present Tembulkar as its witness. To our view, such non-presentation weakens its case since Tembulkar's testimony is crucial in establishing the charge against petitioners.55 For one, and as stated above, he had access to the warehouse, not just petitioners. For another, the Information revealed that Tembulkar represented Prestige Brands in the filing of this case. He was also the one who allegedly informed Dadlani of the discrepancies in the inventories, and conducted the investigation on the matter. Also, according to the prosecution, he was the one who referred petitioners and Pardilla to Dadlani during the November 20, 2003 meeting. Hence, Tembulkar had personal knowledge of the supposed loss sustained by Prestige Brands.

Third, the Court gives no credence to the supposed written confessions made by Cruz, Jervoso and their co-accused Pardilla.

On this, the Court is not unmindful of the presumption of voluntariness of a confession. However, the confessant may overcome such presumption provided that he or she substantiates that one's admission was not true and the confession was unwillingly given. In People v. Enanoria,56 the Court held that there must be external manifestations to prove that the confession was not voluntary. These external manifestations included institution of a criminal action against the alleged intimidators for maltreatment, and evidence of compulsion, duress or violence on the confessant. Undeniably, these external manifestations are present here.

To note, a day after the execution of their confessions regarding the supposed theft of Prestige Brands' personal properties, Cruz and Jervoso promptly reported the matter to the Makati police. They even filed a case for grave coercion, grave threats, and incriminating innocent persons, against Prestige Brands.

Furthermore, petitioners also narrated the details on how they were threatened and intimidated prior to and during the execution of said confessions. In the case of Jervoso, he averred that Mayor Atienza talked to him at Baywalk in Roxas Boulevard and asked him to cooperate or else he (Jervoso) would be liable. On the other hand, Cruz and Jervoso stated that NBI employees (Lontoc and Atty. Simon) intimidated them into signing said confession. They narrated with particularity that on November 22, 2003, they were forced to stay up to 11:15 p.m. in their office to translate into Filipino and into their handwriting the typewritten confession they earlier executed. In the case of Manahan, he also affirmed that Dadlani intimidated him into signing a confession by mentioning to him his (Dadlani) friends in the media, and his connections to Mayor Atienza and the NBI. Although Manahan refused to make a written admission, he confirmed the intimidation made by Dadlani against him.

The Court also observes that although the aforesaid confessions were individually executed by Cruz, Jervoso and Pardilla, they were in fact similarly worded, except as to the name of the confessant, to wit:
October 20, 2003

Prestige Brands Phil., Inc.

Attn: Mr. Vinod Dadlani

Dear Sir,

I, [Cruz/Jervoso/Pardilla], hereby confirm and admit that I have stolen products, namely fragrances from the warehouse of Prestige Brands Phil., Inc. in my time working with the Company. I have sold many of the stolen products and the proceeds were shared with my colleagues in the warehouse, ie, [Leandro Cruz, Emmanuel Manahan, Alvin Pardilla, and Alric Jervoso].

I make this honest confession out of my own free will and without compulsion.

Yours truly,

Sgd.
[Cruz/Jervoso/Pardilla]57
Even the translations of these confessions into Filipino executed by Cruz and Jervoso were also similarly worded, except as to the names and signatures of the persons executing them, viz.:
Nov. 22, 2003

Ako si [Leandro C. Cruz/Alric B. Jervoso] ay umaamin na may kinuha akong produkto sa warehouse ng Prestige Brands Phils., Inc. Ibinenta namin ang produkto at pinaghati-hatian namin nina Alvin Pardilla, [Alvic Jervoso, Leandro C. Cruz,] at Emmanuel Manahan.58

Sgd.
[Cruz/Jervoso/Pardilla]
Notably, these confessions did not contain specific details as regards any item unlawfully taken. Indeed, an indication ofvoluntariness is the disclosure of the details in the confession which details are only known to the declarant. For lack of necessary details in their statements, we hold that the same did not establish any unlawful taking of the personal properties of Prestige Brands.59

To add, Cruz and Jervoso vehemently denied that their statements contained a jurat. The prosecution did not, however, address this matter. This is so even if it may conveniently present the Notary Public before whom petitioners and Pardilla purportedly appeared and voluntarily and intelligently sworn to the truth of their statements. Such is the case if indeed petitioners presented these statements before a Notary Public.60

Without the supposed confessions discussed above, there is no other evidence that would establish that petitioners committed theft against Prestige Brands. Verily, the Court cannot simply accept the theory of the prosecution at face value, and ignore the basic rule that criminal conviction must rest upon the strength of the prosecution's evidence, and not on the weakness of the defense.61 Indeed, the -
evidence for the prosecution must stand or fall on its own weight and cannot be allowed to draw strength from the weakness of the defense. Moreover, when the circumstances are capable of two or more inferences, as in this case, such that one of which is consistent with the presumption of innocence and the other is compatible with guilt, the presumption of innocence must prevail and the [C]ourt must acquit.62
WHEREFORE, the Petition for Review is GRANTED. The July 20, 2012 Decision and March 27, 2013 Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA� GR. CR No. 32942 are REVERSED and SET ASIDE. Petitioners Leandro Cruz, Emmanuel Manahan, and Alric Jervoso are hereby ACQUITTED on the ground that their guilt has not been proved beyond reasonable doubt. Their immediate release from detention is hereby ordered, unless other lawful and valid grounds for their further detention exist.

SO ORDERED.

Sereno, C. J., (Chairperson), Leonardo-De Castro, Peralta,* and Tijam, JJ., concur.

Endnotes:


* Per September 6, 2017 raffle.

1 CA rollo, pp. 255-267; penned by Associate Justice Danton Q. Bueser and concurred in by Associate Justices Amelita G. Tolentino and Ramon R. Garcia.

2 Id. at 354-355.

3 Records, pp. 600-615; penned by Judge Reynaldo M. Laigo.

4 Id. at 1-2.

5 Id. at 153-155.

6 TSN, August 11, 2005, p. 3.

7 Id. at 5.

8 TSN, December 4, 2006, p. 16.

9 TSN, January 11, 2007, pp. 3-5.

10 TSN, August 11, 2005, pp. 11-12.

11 TSN, October 3, 2006, p. 8.

12 TSN, October 5, 2006, pp. 8-16.

13 TSN, January 11, 2007, p. 11.

14 TSN, August 11, 2005, p. 14.

15 TSN, December 4, 2006, p. 8.

16 TSN, Februruy 16,2006, pp. 49-51.

17 TSN, August 11, 2005, pp. 15-20.

18 TSN, Februruy 16, 2006, pp. 17-18, 23.

19 Id. at 25-26.

20 Id. at 33-38.

21 TSN, August 5, 2008, p. 6.

22 TSN, June 24,2008, pp. 6-12.

23 TSN, October 28, 2008, p. 5; TSN, December 2, 2008, p. 10.

24 TSN, December 2, 2008, p. 11.

25 Id. at 13.

26 TSN, June 24,2008, pp. 18-20.

27 TSN, October 21, 2008, p. 19.

28 TSN, June 24, 2008, pp. 20-24.

29 TSN, August 5, 2008, p. 10; TSN, October 28, 2008, p. 9.

30 TSN, December 2, 2008, pp. 14-17, 37.

31 Id. at 29.

32 Id. at 17-18.

33 TSN, June 24, 2008, pp. 25-30.

34 TSN, October 21, 2008, pp. 16-22.

35 TSN, October 28, 2008, pp. 16-17.

36 TSN, June 24, 2008, pp. 35-39.

37 Id. at 37-38.

38 Records, p. 58; TSN, December 2, 2008, p. 25.

39 Id; at 59-61.

40 TSN, December 2, 2008, pp. 38-39; TSN, February 10, 2009, p. 8.

41 Records, p. 615.

42Rollo, pp. 18-19.

43 Id. at 33.

44Franco v. People, GR. No. 191185, February 1, 2016, 782 SCRA 526, 534-535.

45Atienza v. People, 726 Phil. 570, 588 (2014).

46People v. Tadepa, 314 Phil. 231, 236 (1995).

47Atienza v. People, supra at 589.

48 See Engr. Zapanta v. People, 707 Phil. 23, 31 (2013).

49 Id. at 32.

50Tan v. People, 379 Phil. 999, 1010-1011 (2000).

51 Records, pp. 31-35.

52 402 Phil. 717, 728 (2001 ).

53 See Manuel Huang Chua v. People, id.

54Franco v. People, supra note 44 at 545.

55 See Manuel Huang Chua v. People, supra note 52 at 726.

56 285 Phil. 138, 157 (1992).

57 Records, pp. 263-265; dorsal portions.

58 Id.

59People v. Enanoria, supra note 56.

60 Id.

61Tan v. People, supra note 50 at 1013.

62Balerta v. People, 748 Phil. 806, 822-823 (2014).



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  • A.M. No. MTJ-05-1574 (Formerly A.M. No.04-8-199-MTC), November 07, 2017 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. JUDGE CONRADO O. ALINEA, JR., MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT, IBA, ZAMBALES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 230791, November 20, 2017 - FROEL M. PU-OD, BOMBOM L. LAYAONA, DANILO L. ORSAL, JOSEPH B. FLORES AND JOEL M. PU-OD, Petitioners, v. ABLAZE BUILDERS, INC./ROLANDO PAMPOLINO, Respondents.

  • G.R. Nos. 200576 & 200626, November 20, 2017 - MAERSK-FILIPINAS CREWING, INC. AND AP MOLLER SINGAPORE PTE LTD., Petitioners, v. ROSEMARY G. MALICSE (LEGAL WIFE OF THE DECEASED SEAFARER EFREN B. MALICSE, REPRESENTING THE LATTER'S ESTATE), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206437, November 22, 2017 - LEANDRO CRUZ, EMMANUEL MANAHAN, ALRIC JERVOSO, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210592, November 22, 2017 - REGINO DELA CRUZ, SUBSTITUTED BY HIS HEIRS, NAMELY: MARIA, DANILO, REGINO, JUANITO, CECILIA, ROSALINA AND CEFERINO ALL SURNAMED DELA CRUZ, REPRESENTED BY CEFERINO DELA CRUZ, Petitioners, v. IRENEO DOMINGO, MARO, QUEZON, NUEVA ECIJA, AND REGISTER OF DEEDS NORTH, TALAVERA, NUEVA ECIJA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 211564, November 20, 2017 - BENJAMIN EVANGELISTA, Petitioner, v. SCREENEX, INC., REPRESENTED BY ALEXANDER G, YU, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189290, November 29, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES REPRESENTED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUREAU, REGION VII, AND NOEL C. EMPLEO, REGIONAL DIRECTOR, Petitioners, v. O.G. HOLDINGS CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN, MR. FREDERICK L. ONG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219952, November 20, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. JEHLSON AGUIRRE Y ARIDIDON, MICHAEL ARABIT Y PACAMARA, JEFFERSON PARALEJAS Y PIGTAIN AND JEFFREY ROXAS Y ARAGONCILLO, ACCUSED, JEHLSON AGUIRRE Y ARIDIDON, MICHAEL ARABIT Y PACAMARA AND JEFFERSON PARALEJAS Y PIGTAIN, Accused-Applellants.

  • G.R. No. 193500, November 20, 2017 - GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM, Petitioner, v. SIMEON TA�EDO, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 164482, November 08, 2017 - LOURDES J. ESTRELLADO; THE HEIRS OF EUGENIO ESTRELLADO, REPRESENTED BY LOURDES J. ESTRELLADO; NARCISA T. ESTRELLADO; THE HEIRS OF NICOLAS ESTRELLADO, REPRESENTED BY CLARITA E. MAINAR; PILAR E. BARREDO-FUENTES; AND THE HEIRS OF VIVINA ESTRELLADO-BARREDO AND ALIPIO BARREDO, REPRESENTED BY PILAR E. BARREDO-FUENTES, Petitioners, v. THE PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES, 11TH JUDICIAL REGION, BRANCH 3, DAVAO CITY; J.S. FRANCISCO, AND SONS, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, JOSELITO C. FRANCISCO; AND THE HEIRS OF DR. JOVITO S. FRANCISCO, REPRESENTED BY JOSELITO C. FRANCISCO, Respondents.; G.R. No. 211320 - LOURDES C. FRANCISCO-�MADRAZO; ROMEO C. FRANCISCO; CONCEPCION C. FRANCISCO-GATCHALIAN; AND RENE JOSE C. FRANCISCO, Petitioners, v. PILAR BARREDO-FUENTES; JORGE BARREDO; OSCAR BARREDO; RODOLFO BARREDO; ERNESTO BARREDO; ARMANDO BARREDO; DANILO BARREDO; TERESITA BARREDO-MCMAHON; LETICIA BARREDO-CUARIO; AND ESPERANZA BARREDO-TUL-ID, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197849, November 29, 2017 - RAFFY BRODETH AND ROLAN B. ONAL, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND ABRAHAM G. VILLEGAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 229256, November 22, 2017 - MARIETTA MAGLAYA DE GUZMAN, Petitioner, v. THE OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND BESTFORMS, INCORPORATED, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3527 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 12-3987-P), November 21, 2017 - ATTY. RENATO E. FRADES, CLERK OF COURT VI, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, GAPAN CITY, NUEVA ECIJA, Complainant, v. JOSEPHINE A. GABRIEL, CLERK III, OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, GAPAN CITY, NUEVA ECIJA, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 5573, November 21, 2017 - GIZALE O. TUMBAGA, Complainant, v. ATTY. MANUEL P. TEOXON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204288, November 08, 2017 - DEMEX RATTANCRAFT, INC. AND NARCISO T. DELA MERCED, Petitioners, v. ROSALIO A. LERON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 223762, November 07, 2017 - TOMAS N. JOSON III, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 195105, November 21, 2017 - METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Respondent.; G.R. No. 220729 - DARLINA T. UY, LEONOR C. CLEOFAS, MA. LOURDES R. NAZ, JOCELYN M. TOLEDO, LOIDA G. CEGUERRA, AND MIRIAM S. FULGUERAS, Petitioners, v. METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM, COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10532 [Formerly CBD Case No. 10-2773], November 07, 2017 - REYNALDO A. CABUELLO (DECEASED), SUBSTITUTED BY BEATRIZ CABUELLO CABUTIN, Complainant, v. ATTY. EDITHA P. TALABOC, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 199232, November 08, 2017 - ROBERTO EMMANUEL T. FELICIANO, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, REPRESENTED BY SEC. VOLTAIRE T. GAZMIN, Respondent.; G.R. No. 201577 - HORACIO S. GONZALEZ, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, REPRESENTED BY SEC. VOLTAIRE T. GAZMIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 180586, November 20, 2017 - ARNELIO B. CALMA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 10564, November 07, 2017 - MANUEL L. VALIN AND HONORIO L. VALIN, Complainants, v. ATTY. ROLANDO T. RUIZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205837, November 21, 2017 - PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL TRADING CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-17-2508 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 06-2416-RTJ], November 07, 2017 - MARIE ROXANNE G. RECTO, Complainant, v. HON. HENRY J. TROCINO, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 62, BAGO CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 156208, November 21, 2017 - NPC DRIVERS AND MECHANICS ASSOCIATION (NPC DAMA), REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT ROGER S. SAN JUAN, SR., NPC EMPLOYEES & WORKERS UNION (NEWU)- NORTHERN LUZON, REGIONAL CENTER, REPRESENTED BY ITS REGIONAL PRESIDENT JIMMY D. SALMAN, IN THEIR OWN INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES AND IN BEHALF OF THE MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATIONS AND ALL AFFECTED OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES OF NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION (NPC), ZOL D. MEDINA, NARCISO M. MAGANTE, VICENTE B. CIRIO, JR., NECITAS B. CAMAMA, IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES AS EMPLOYEES OF NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, Petitioners, v. THE NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION (NPC), NATIONAL POWER BOARD OF DIRECTORS (NPB), JOSE ISIDRO N. CAMACHO AS CHAIRMAN OF THE NATIONAL POWER BOARD OF DIRECTORS (NPB), ROLANDO S. QUILALA, AS PRESIDENT-OFFICER-IN-CHARGE/CEO OF NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION AND MEMBER OF NATIONAL POWER BOARD, AND VINCENT S. PEREZ, JR., EMILIA T. BONCODIN, MARIUS P. CORPUS, RUBEN S. REINOSO, JR., GREGORY L. DOMINGO AND NIEVES L. OSORIO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 223114, November 29, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JONAS PANTOJA Y ASTORGA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 195043, November 20, 2017 - ARNEL CALAHI, ENRIQUE CALAHI, AND NICASIO RIVERA, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 224888, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RODERICK R. RAMELO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. Nos. 193020, & 193040-193042, November 08, 2017 - NAPOLEON O. CEDENO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE SANDIGANBAYAN, FIFTH DIVISION, Respondents.; G.R. Nos. 193349-54 - MAKIL PUNDAODAYA, DAUD M. ADIONG, JOSE T. NAVERA AND ROGELIO DELOS REYES, Petitioners, v. SANDIGANBAYAN AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 231998, November 20, 2017 - ERIC SIBAYAN CHUA, Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 229701, November 29, 2017 - EDWINA RIMANDO Y FERNANDO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207772, November 08, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GAVINO PAGAMUCAN Y MATIGA @ "SABINO/ABE", Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 195726, November 20, 2017 - MARCELINO DELA PAZ, Petitioner, v. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 8887 (Formerly CBD Case No. 12-3638), November 07, 2017 - ROMAN DELA ROSA VERANO,* Complainant, v. ATTY. LUIS FERNAN DIORES, JR., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 203121, November 29, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GOLEM SOTA AND AMIDAL GADJADLI, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 195248, November 22, 2017 - JOHN DENNIS G. CHUA, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND CRISTINA YAO, Respondents.

  • G.R. Nos. 193993, November 08, 2017 - VIVENNE K. TAN, Petitioner, v. VINCENT "BINGBONG" CRISOLOGO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 193085, November 29, 2017 - PETRONILO NAPONE, JR. AND EDGAR NAPONE, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 205787, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. PABLO ARPOSEPLE Y SANCHEZ AND JHUNREL SULOGAOL Y DATU, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 218574, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RAUL MACAPAGAL Y MANALO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. Nos. 210689-90, November 22, 2017 PHILIPPINE AMUSEMENT AND GAMING CORPORATION (PAGCOR), Petitioner, v. THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE AND THE HEAD REVENUE EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT, LARGE TAXPAYER SERVICE, IN THEIR OFFICIAL CAPACITIES AS OFFICERS OF THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondents. G.R. Nos. 210704 & 210725, November 22, 2017 COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE AMUSEMENT AND GAMING CORPORATION (PAGCOR), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 180845, November 22, 2017 - GOV. AURORA E. CERILLES, Petitioner, v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, ANITA JANGAD-CHUA, MA. EDEN S. TAGAYUNA, MERIAM CAMPOMANES,* BERNADETTE P. QUIRANTE, MA. DELORA P. FLORES AND EDGAR PARAN, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 10333, November 06, 2017 - CORNELIO V. YAGONG, Complainant, v. CITY PROSECUTOR NEOPITO ED G. MAGNO AND ASSISTANT CITY PROSECUTOR DON S. GARCIA, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 10547, November 08, 2017 - FREDDIE A. GUILLEN, Complainant, v. ATTY. AUDIE ARNADO, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. 14-10-314-RTC, November 28, 2017 - ANONYMOUS COMPLAINT DATED MAY 3, 2013, RE: FAKE CERTIFICATES OF CIVIL SERVICE ELIGIBILITY OF MARIVIC B. RAGEL, EVELYN C. RAGEL, EMELYN B. CAMPOS, AND JOVILYN B. DAWANG

  • G.R. No. 226158, November 08, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. LIBERATO PENTECOSTES Y CRONICO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 229856, November 20, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RUBEN CALOMIA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 213748, November 27, 2017 - RICARDO G. SY AND HENRY B. ALIX, Petitioners, v. NEAT, INC., BANANA PEEL AND PAUL VINCENT NG, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 229100, November 20, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROMEO AGONCILLO Y VISTO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 209544, November 22, 2017 - SPOUSES ELLIS R. MILES AND CAROLINA RONQUILLO-MILES, Petitioners, v. BONNIE BAUTISTA LAO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212904, November 22, 2017 - YOLANDA VILLANUEVA-ONG, Petitioner, v. JUAN PONCE ENRILE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 216139, November 29, 2017 - BERNARDO S. ZAMORA, Petitioner, v. EMMANUEL Z. QUINAN, JR., EMMANUEL J. QUINAN, SR., EFREM Z. QUINAN AND EMMA ROSE Q. QUIMBO, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 11828, November 22, 2017 - SPOUSES VICENTE AND PRECYWINDA GIMENA, Complainants, v. ATTY. JOJO S. VIJIGA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 213525, November 21, 2017 - FORTUNE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT (COA) PROPER; COA REGIONAL OFFICE NO. VI-�WESTERN VISAYAS; AUDIT GROUP LGS-B, PROVINCE OF ANTIQUE; AND PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT OF ANTIQUE, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 219408, November 08, 2017 - DONALD FRANCIS GAFFNEY, Petitioner, v. GINA V. BUTLER, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 224319, November 20, 2017 - DE LA SALLE ARANETA UNIVERSITY, INC., Petitioner, v. DR. ELOISA G. MAGDURULANG, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11822, November 22, 2017 - VICKA MARIE D. ISALOS, Complainant, v. ATTY. ANA LUZ B. CRISTAL, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-17-3731 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 12-3871-P), November 08, 2017 - FERDINAND E. TAURO, COURT INTERPRETER, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 122, CALOOCAN CITY, Complainant, v. RACQUEL O. ARCE, CLERK III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 122, CALOOCAN CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 204289, November 22, 2017 - FERNANDO MANCOL, JR., Petitioner, v. DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220440, November 08, 2017 - KATHERINE ROSE SALVA, Petitioner, v. ILDEFONSO P. MAGPILE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 218570, November 22, 2017 - BEN MANANGAN, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219260, November 06, 2017 - BERNICE JOAN TI, Petitioner, v. MANUEL S. DI�O, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 230230, November 20, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. NI�O CALIBOD Y HENOBESO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 194001, November 22, 2017 - MARIA VILMA G. DOCTOR AND JAIME LAO, JR., Petitioners, v. NII ENTERPRISES AND/OR MRS. NILDA C. IGNACIO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 229781, October 10, 2017 - SENATOR LEILA M. DE LIMA, Petitioner, v. HON. JUANITA GUERRERO, IN HER CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF MUNTINLUPA CITY, BRANCH 204, PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, P/DIR. GEN. RONALD M. DELA ROSA, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHIEF OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, PSUPT. PHILIP GIL M. PHILIPPS, IN HIS CAPACITY AS DIRECTOR, HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT SERVICE, SUPT. ARNEL JAMANDRON APUD, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHIEF, PNP CUSTODIAL SERVICE UNIT, AND ALL PERSONS ACTING UNDER THEIR CONTROL, SUPERVISION, INSTRUCTION OR DIRECTION IN RELATION TO THE ORDERS THAT MAY BE ISSUED BY THE COURT, Respondent.

  • A.C. No. 11836, November 21, 2017 - CARLINA P. ROBI�OL, Complainant, v. ATTY. EDILBERTO P. BASSIG, Respondent.

  • G.R. Nos. 193020, & 193040-193042, November 08, 2017 - NAPOLEON O. CEDENO, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE SANDIGANBAYAN, FIFTH DIVISION, Respondents.; G.R. Nos. 193349-54 - MAKIL PUNDAODAYA, DAUD M. ADIONG, JOSE T. NAVERA AND ROGELIO DELOS REYES, Petitioners, v. SANDIGANBAYAN AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 214673, November 20, 2017 - RIZALDO L. ORSOS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 218418, November 08, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, DENR, REGION IV, MANILA, Petitioner, v. THE HEIRS OF MEYNARDO CABRERA, AS HEREIN REPRESENTED BY MEYNARDO CABRERA, JR. AND ALMA RODRIGUEZ CABRERA, THE HEIRS OF CONSOLACION DIMACULANGAN CABRERA, AS HEREIN REPRESENTED BY ALEXANDER CABRERA, MANIBI CABRERA, MILAGROS CABRERA GARA, AND RAUL CABRERA, JACKSON CINCO DY, LORETA AGBAYANI, GLORIA SORIANO, CRIS CALMA, NORA LIWANAG AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF ORIENTAL MINDORO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 202613, November 08, 2017 - SYMEX SECURITY SERVICES, INC. AND RAFAEL Y. ARCEGA, Petitioners, v. MAGDALINO O. RIVERA, JR. AND ROBERTO B. YAGO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 205576, November 20, 2017 - MIGUEL D. ESCOBAR, EUGENE L. ALZATE, PERLA C. MAGLINTE, CESAR M. CAGANG, AND VIVENCIA S. TELESFORO, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 221815, November 29, 2017 - GLYNNA FORONDA-CRYSTAL, Petitioner, v. ANIANA LAWAS SON, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 230682, November 29, 2017 - JOLO'S KIDDIE CARTS/ FUN4KIDS/ MARLO U. CABILI, Petitioners, v. EVELYN A. CABALLA AND ANTHONY M. BAUTISTA, Respondents.

  • A.C. No. 11750, November 22, 2017 - REMEDIOS C. BALBIN, Complainant, v. ATTY. WILFREDO R. CORTEZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210080, November 22, 2017 - MACARIO S. PADILLA, Petitioner, v. AIRBORNE SECURITY SERVICE, INC. AND/OR CATALINA SOLIS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 225995, November 20, 2017 - TEODORO V. VENTURA, JR., Petitioner, v. CREWTECH SHIPMANAGEMENT PHILIPPINES, INC.,* RIZZO-BOTTIGLIERI-DE CARLINI ARMATORI S.P.A., AND/OR ANGELITA ANCHETA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 184819, November 29, 2017 - VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. EDUARDO L. MONTENEJO, MYLENE M. BONIFACIO, EVANGELINE E. VALVERDE, DEANA N. PAGAL, AND VFP MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 207805, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CESAR BALAO Y LOPEZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 229335, November 29, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH), Petitioner, v. BELLY H. NG, REPRESENTED BY ANNABELLE G. WONG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208224, November 22, 2017 - DR. JOSEPH L. MALIXI, DR. EMELITA Q. FIRMACION, MARIETTA MENDOZA, AURORA AGUSTIN, NORA AGUILAR, MA. THERESA M. BEFETEL, AND MYRNA NISAY, Petitioners, v. DR. GLORY V. BALTAZAR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206958, November 08, 2017 - PERSONAL COLLECTION DIRECT SELLING, INC., Petitioner, v. TERESITA L. CARANDANG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 227544, November 22, 2017 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. TRANSITIONS PHILIPPINES, OPTICAL INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 207666, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. FLORIANO TAYABAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 198647, November 20, 2017 - SN ABOITIZ POWER-MAGAT, INC., Petitioner, v. THE MUNICIPALITY OF ALFONSO LISTA, IFUGAO, REPRESENTED BY THE MUNICIPAL MAYOR, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 197519, November 08, 2017 - MINDANAO I GEOTHERMAL PARTNERSHIP, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 222031, November 22, 2017 - EMILIO CALMA, Petitioner, v. ATTY. JOSE M. LACHICA, JR.*, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-16-2478 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 11-3637-RTJ), November 08, 2017 - DOMINADOR I. FERRER, JR., Complainant, v. JUDGE ARNIEL A. DATING, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 41, DAET, CAMARINES NORTE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220685, November 29, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. ERNESTO L. DELOS SANTOS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215042, November 20, 2017 - FIELD INVESTIGATION OFFICE, Petitioner, v. P/DIRECTOR GEORGE QUINTO PIANO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 209906, November 22, 2017 - COCA-COLA BOTTLERS PHILS., INC., Petitioner, v. ERNANI GUINGONA ME�EZ, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 219309, November 22, 2017 - ANGELINA CHUA AND HEIRS OF JOSE MA. CHENG SING PHUAN, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES SANTIAGO CHENG AND AVELINA SIHIYON, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. RTJ-15-2407 (Formerly OCA IPI No. 12-3834-RTJ), November 22, 2017 - EDGAR R. ERICE, Complainant, v. PRESIDING JUDGE DIONISIO C. SISON, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 125, CALOOCAN CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 210568, November 08, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BENJAMIN AUSTRIA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 227069, November 22, 2017 - HILARIO LAMSEN, Petitioner, v. THE PEOPLE OF PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • A.M. No. P-15-3379 (Formerly A.M. No. 15-07-77-MeTC), November 22, 2017 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. MR. ALDEN P. COBARRUBIAS,* CLERK III; AND MR. VLADIMIR** A. BRAVO, COURT INTERPRETER II, BOTH OF METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT [METC], BRANCH 24, MANILA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 216788, November 20, 2017 - UNITED INTERIOR MANGGAHAN HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION, REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, DANIEL CALILUNG, Petitioner, v. HON. AMBROSIO B. DE LUNA, PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF PALAWAN AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY - BRANCH 51, SPOUSES EDILBERTO VILLON AND HELEN PE-VILLON, REPRESENTED BY THEIR HEIRS NAMELY: EMEE PE-VILLON, EMMANUEL PE-VILLON, ELSIE VILLON-CABRERA, ELMA VILLON-AUSTRIA, AND ELLEN FERRERO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 197613, November 22, 2017 - PUBLIC ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Petitioner, v. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND ATTY. TERENCIA S. ERNI-RIVERA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 213039, November 27, 2017 - POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL COMPANY DEVELOPMENT, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 226454, November 20, 2017 - DIGNA RAMOS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 229502, November 08, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RAFAEL DAROYA @ RAFFY, Defendant-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 222180, November 22, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ELEUTERIO BRAGAT, Accused-Appellant; JUNDIE BALVEZ AND TWO (2) JOHN DOES, Accused.

  • G.R. No. 211053, November 29, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SEGFRED L. OROZCO, MANUEL D. OSIR, AND ALBERTO B. MATURAN, ACCUSED, ERNIE N. CASTRO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 206965, November 29, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. EMMA BOFILL PANGAN, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 205838, November 29, 2017 - JOSEPH HARRY WALTER POOLE-BLUNDEN, Petitioner, v. UNION BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • A.M. No. P-15-3329 [Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 13-4165-P], November 06, 2017 - PROSECUTOR FILIPINA C. CABAUATAN, Complainant, v. DOMINGO B. UVERO, SHERIFF IV, BRANCH 12, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, LIGAO CITY, ALBAY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 225146, November 20, 2017 - ROGELIO B. ANTONE, Petitioner, v. THE PEOPLE OF PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208614, November 27, 2017 - SIMEON TRINIDAD PIEDAD (DECEASED) SURVIVED AND ASSUMED BY HIS HEIRS, NAMELY: ELISEO PIEDAD (DECEASED)*, JOEL PIEDAD, PUBLIO PIEDAD, JR., GLORIA PIEDAD, LOT PIEDAD, ABEL PIEDAD, ALI PIEDAD, AND LEE PIEDAD, Petitioners, v. CANDELARIA LINEHAN BOBILLES AND MARIANO BOBILLES, Respondents.